Virtual tour of the botanical garden. Panorama Nikitsky Botanical Garden

At the beginning of the twentieth century, on the northwestern outskirts of the city grew fruit trees and sang watermelons planted by Samarans. Where they stand today multi-story houses, among the thick grass butterflies fluttered and grasshoppers jumped. And at the merchants' dachas, which were also located here, in the area of ​​​​the current Botanical Garden, their own life flowed - unhurried, calm, without fuss and hustle. Among others, there was the dacha of the merchant Borshchov, who liked to rest here from the city dust and hubbub, to drink summer evening seagull, and in autumn - to wander between the trees and listen to the rustle of fallen leaves.

They say that the merchant was a passionate traveler and lover of the exotic. Somehow from one of his travels he brought and landed on his suburban area seeds of plants of rare breeds. The seeds sprouted, and this was the beginning of a long-term hobby and a large collection. From all corners of the world, Borshchov brought or ordered seeds and seedlings from the most exotic trees, herbs and shrubs. There were even three blue firs brought from North America, which cost colossal money at that time - 300 rubles for each tree.

Among all this vegetable luxury stood big house a merchant, of whom not a trace remains today. Here the merchant family enjoyed country life, here they brought seedlings of trees of rare species and delivered special literature on plant growing, which Borshchov carefully studied and tried to put much of what he read into practice. A little further, away from the house, there was a stable, converted in the early 1930s to administrative building and transferred to the disposal of the Botanical Garden organized in Samara.

The decision to organize a Botanical Garden and a nursery in the city ornamental plants was adopted by the City Council in June 1930. And the official date of foundation of the garden and nursery is August 1, 32nd. It's only been a few years since graduation civil war, the consequences of the terrible famine have not yet been forgotten, and in Samara they have already begun to collect and grow rare tropical and subtropical plants.

Work was in full swing, as they say, day and night. The employees of the garden cut down and uprooted old fruit trees, planted new ones, converted summer cottages into administrative and service premises. The real decoration of the Botanical Garden from the very moment of its foundation were ponds, the creation of which is also attributed to the beginning of the 20s. They say that once upon a time there were beautiful pavilions near these ponds, in which summer residents enjoyed contemplating sunrises and sunsets. Later, the pavilions disappeared - most likely, they were broken and burned during the years of the civil war. But the ponds themselves did not disappear, and, looking at them, Samara residents continued to dream about the future and enjoy harmony with nature.

Dreams in the Botanical Garden under the singing of birds in the spring and the rustle of fallen leaves Patriotic War. In the winter of 1941, the city began to freeze, the inhabitants had nothing to heat the stoves with, and they reached out with axes and saws here, to the Botanical Garden. As a result, the entire forest grove growing on the territory of the garden was used for firewood, and the garden itself was divided into vegetable gardens, where Samarans grew cucumbers, beets and potatoes. And now they dreamed of only one thing - the end of the war.

The restoration of the garden began in 1947. Naturally, not immediately, not in one day, but over the course of many years, the lost returned. They planted trees, cleaned ponds. Gradually they surrounded the garden with a wooden fence, built a water supply system and a power line. And in the mid-1970s, the Botanical Garden was transferred state university and became its structural unit.

Nikitsky Botanical Garden (officially the Federal State state-financed organization science "Order of the Red Banner of Labor Nikitsky Botanical Garden - National Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences") is a complex research institution that conducts work on fruit growing and botany. IN Russian Empire"Imperial Nikitsky Botanical Garden" was a government institution, in Soviet time subordinated to VASKhNIL, and after the collapse of the USSR, until March 18, 2014, it was part of the system of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine. From January 4 to December 2015, as the State Budgetary Institution of the Republic of Crimea "Order of the Red Banner of Labor Nikitsky Botanical Garden - National Scientific Center" was subordinate to the Ministry Agriculture RK. Located on the southern coast of Crimea between the village of Nikita and the Black Sea.

Base. 19th century

In June 1811, in St. Petersburg, Emperor Alexander I signed the “Decree on the Establishment of the Imperial State Botanical Garden in the Crimea”, in which he allowed to arrange a state garden in the “noon part of the Crimea”, allocating up to 10,000 rubles annually for this. The decree was issued at the request of the military governor of Kherson, Duke Emmanuel Osipovich de Richelieu, who then ruled the Novorossiysk Territory. Richelieu's initiative was developed with the support of the 29-year-old Count Mikhail Vorontsov, who was close to the emperor, and with the assistance of the chief inspector for sericulture of southern Russia, Bieberstein, an outstanding German botanist who had served in Russia for almost twenty years. In March 1812, on the recommendation of Richelieu and Biberstein, 31-year-old Christian Steven, a well-known naturalist, assistant and student of Biberstein, was appointed to the post of director of the Imperial Tauride State Botanical Garden being established on the southern coast of Crimea. It was he who organized the botanical garden, as the first experimental garden institution in the south of Russia. According to Christian Steven, this institution was supposed to be an extensive nursery of all useful and ornamental plants of southern Europe, for their distribution in the Crimea. In September 1812, the first landings were made. Three years later, the botanical garden released its first catalog of plants, which included 95 varieties of apple trees, 58 varieties of pear, 6 berry and 15 ornamental species. “Here, the observations and theoretical studies of Steven,” wrote Academician P.I. a large number new more or less acclimatized trees and plants, both deciduous and evergreen, and the best varieties fruit trees". Thanks to Steven, the Nikitsky Garden soon turned into the most beautiful nursery and botanical acclimatization point, which served as a stage in the transition of plants from east to west and back from Europe to Asia. These merits of Steven in the organization of the garden, clarified by Academician Koeppen in his work Ueber Pflanzen-Acclimatisirung in Russland, prompted the Duke of Richelieu to intercede ...

Botanical Garden of Moscow State University Aptekarsky Ogorod appeared on Google panoramas- now on the maps of the service you can virtually walk around the territory of the oldest botanical garden in Russia and carefully examine the plants.

Panoramas were shot summer 2016, on them you can see over 5 thousand species, varieties and forms of representatives of the flora from all over the world, including orchids, carnivorous plants, palm trees, creepers, bananas, cacti, agaves, spruces, medicinal plants and much more .

In this way, in honor of the 310th anniversary of the garden, the director of the Aptekarsky Ogorod, Alexei Reteyum, decided to please everyone who wants to at least approximately appreciate all the treasures of this unique green place in the center of Moscow, without leaving home.

On the panoramas you can see Garden medicinal herbs, coniferous hills, Shadow garden, arboretum, Mirror Canal, Peter I larch, more than 210-year-old Hoffmann oak, exhibition field, ancient pond of the 18th century, Palm and Succulent greenhouses. You can move around during a virtual tour using the navigation arrows.

Links for walks

“Walk in the Main Greenhouse”

“Herb garden walk”

“Walk in the garden”

The history of the vegetable garden

The Pharmaceutical Garden is the oldest botanical garden in Russia, founded by Peter the Great in 1706. It has the status of a monument of history and culture of Moscow, a monument of landscape gardening Art XVIII century and a specially protected natural area.

Open to the public every day and all year round.

IN last years the garden is actively developing, and the number of its visitors is growing rapidly - during festivals and major exhibitions, more than 7 thousand people come there a day. Instagram "Aptekarsky Ogorod" is the most popular in the world among botanical gardens.

The garden is located in the center of Moscow, at the beginning of Mira Avenue (possession 26). Prospekt Mira metro station is located near the main entrance to the garden.

The area of ​​the garden is about 7 hectares.

On April 1 (13), 1805, by decree of Emperor Alexander I, the pharmacy garden was bought by the Imperial Moscow University and soon became one of major centers Russian botanical science. Now the Botanical Garden is a division of the Faculty of Biology of Moscow State University.

After the decline of the end of the 20th century, the garden is flourishing again: collections are replenished, new expositions are created, new greenhouses are built.

The Apothecary Garden is visited by more than 300,000 people a year. Its popularity is growing year by year.