The essence of electronic payments of electronic money. How to earn electronic money? Electronic money and forms of their use

The development of money circulation led to the emergence of electronic money. These are finances stored in computer memory on technical devices, which can only be managed using special software. Compared to paper counterparts, electronic money has certain advantages:

reduced speed of payment documentation processing;
it became easier to work with bank correspondence;
the cost of transfers is lower than with conventional non-cash transactions.

In fact, this is an electronic form of monetary obligations of a financial institution. Can be redeemed in cash upon request.

Money to e-wallet

An electronic wallet is nothing more than several ordinary bank accounts for storing and carrying out cash flow. Only users of one system transfer money to an electronic wallet to each other with a minimum commission. In order to transfer money to another system, you need to use special additional payment services. From an electronic wallet, you can withdraw funds to a bank account connected to the Internet banking system of the issuing bank. This makes it possible to cash out Money and receiving paper banknotes through the cash desk or ATM of your banking system.

Electronic money systems

There are several electronic money systems. The most popular in Russia can be recognized:

WebMoney Transfer;
Yandex money;
QIWI;
Liq Pay;
EasyPay.

The following payment systems are widely used in international money circulation:

Liberty Reserve;
ayza(AlertPay);
paypal;
moneybookers;
moneybookers.

Each of the systems has its own characteristics and rules for performing operations with electronic accounts. The ratio of electronic money to the existing banking rate in the state also differs. Electronic money systems are perpetual bank obligations of the issuer of electronic currency.

Electronic money exchangers

To transfer electronic funds between accounts of different payment systems, including for withdrawal to bank card accounts with the possibility of subsequent receipt of cash, there are electronic money exchangers. They differ in the ways of exchange - automatic, semi-automatic or manual. Each of the exchangers also sets its own exchange rate for each currency and a percentage for making exchange transactions between currency pairs. Each such service is limited by a certain limit - a reserve of electronic money. More than this amount, the exchange is not possible.

Electronic money transfer

Electronic money transfer is the fastest form of settlement transactions from your account in the EPS (electronic payment system) to the recipient's account. The operation is performed almost instantly. You are only required to have a sufficient amount in the payment currency on the EPS account and indicate the exact details of the recipient of electronic funds. A money transfer can be initiated from any electronic device with the appropriate software installed on it ( Personal Computer or wearable gadget, payment terminal).

Electronic money - a qualitatively new direction in implementation Today, electronic wallets around the world allow you to quickly pay and receive payment for purchases, pay bills, earn money, invest, and all this via the Internet without leaving your home. Conveniently? Undoubtedly. What is it, and what types of electronic money are the most popular in Russia? All this is in this article.

What is e-money and e-wallet?

Electronic money - the same thing that is in your wallet and on bank card, the only difference is that they calculate on the Internet. Here, as well as with a card, you can pay for goods via the Internet (and in different countries), exchange them for another currency, pay bills, bills for public utilities and mobile communications, buy air and railway tickets, transfer from wallet to wallet, withdraw them to real money. The list is almost limitless.

E-wallets are especially loved by those who prefer freelance earnings, as they are mostly anonymous and do not require identification.

Payment by electronic money is fast and convenient, it does not require filling out paperwork, going to shops and banks and standing in lines. All payments can be made at the computer monitor without leaving home, just choose the appropriate payment system.

What is EPS?

The concept of electronic money and their types are inextricably linked with the concept of "electronic payment system". This is an organization that takes care of your wallet after opening it, similar to how a bank takes care of your financial transactions after opening a card account in it.

In Russia there are different kinds electronic money systems, each of which has its own functionality, different level development and popularity varying degrees coverage, different purposes. Some of them interact with each other and allow you to transfer funds from the wallet of one OPS to the wallet of another, of course, with a certain commission. What is it for?

Each payment system has its own money. Suppose you want to order some goods via the Internet, and you have an open wallet from OPS number 1, where your electronic money is. The online store where you want to make a purchase accepts settlements only for OPS number 2. Then you will have a choice - whether to open a wallet in OPS No. 2 and invest money there again or simply transfer funds from OPS No. 1 wallet to it.

How to put money on the wallet?

Electronic money, the types of which will be discussed below, is usually assigned to a specific bank, so you can transfer it to electronic money through a bank teller. There is such a function through mobile or Internet banking. You just need to indicate which payment system you use and how much you want to transfer.

By the way, some types of electronic allow you to create plastic cards, which can be used to make payments through the terminal. You can also withdraw cash from them, just like with regular bank cards.

Types of electronic money and their characteristics

As mentioned above, right choice wallet will largely avoid problems with commissions and payment delays in the future. This decision depends on which country and what types of payments you are going to make. For example, in Belarus, electronic wallets with Belarusian currency are active only after a complex identification has been completed, so here you are unlikely to be able to pay with an electronic wallet. Of course, not everywhere there are such complex nuances, customers are further offered a choice of popular electronic money, the types of which are used in settlements around the world.

PayPal

One of the most popular and convenient payment systems in the world - owned by the worldwide eBay auction. PayPal electronic money allows you to pay them in 203 countries around the world. A particular advantage of PayPal is the numerous types of financial transactions and cash withdrawal methods.

This payment system allows:

transfer any funds from your personal account;
carry out payment transactions using the mobile version;
perform simultaneous transactions with several persons;
send an invoice for payment by mail;
carry out a daily withdrawal of money to the account and much more.

"Yandex money"

The second most popular electronic money, the types of which allow settlements mainly in Russia and the CIS countries - Although they can be converted into dollars, Ukrainian hryvnia, Belarusian rubles, their main currency is the Russian ruble.

In this system, everything is also fast and simple, you can carry out a huge number of instant operations:

payment of receipts and services;
payment for goods;
accepting payments;
withdraw money to a plastic card;
transfer from card to card of another user.

For these services, the OPS removes 0.5% of the commission from the amount. When withdrawing funds - 3%.

The big advantage of "Yandex.Money" is the ability to connect the wallet directly to your own website. So your customers will be able to instantly pay for the goods using another wallet, bank account or card directly on your website.

WebMoney

One of the very first OPS, WebMoney Transfer, is widely used by many users of the Russian-speaking part of the Internet and some Western European countries. However, one should be careful and clearly understand where the settlements will be carried out by connecting this electronic money, the types of which are prohibited, for example, in Germany.

WebMoney system uses 4 currencies - dollar, hryvnia, Belarusian and Russian ruble. With their help, you can also carry out a huge list of operations - from paying for commodity and financial payments to accepting payment for goods on your own website.

through the cash desk of Sberbank;
through the card;
via mail;
through exchange offices;
with the help of Western Union and many others.

Qiwi

Another Russian payment system used more in settlements between CIS countries. Unfortunately, despite the rather wide range of operations, it is rarely seen in online stores. But it is quite convenient and fast to pay receipts for an apartment, television, Internet and telephone.

Especially the Qiwi system fell in love with those who are not particularly friendly with the Internet. The task is simplified thanks to the numerous terminals that help to carry out the operations.

In addition to the above, the classification and types of electronic money include RUpay, Stormpay, Moneybookers, Liqpay, Single Wallet, Money Mail and many others. Their use is not as common as, for example, WebMoney or Yandex.Money. If you want to make payments on the territory of the CIS countries for goods in online stores or, conversely, receive payment on the site, it is better to connect a more popular wallet.

How to start using electronic money

The principle of working with an electronic wallet is usually the same for all payment systems, so we will give a general algorithm of actions.

Choose the e-wallet that suits you best and go to its official website.
Go through a free registration, fill in the necessary data about yourself, if necessary, indicate passport data, depending on how you will use this wallet. Some systems recommend that you go through a verification and identification process. To do this, you will most likely need to send a scan of your passport or come to the OPS office (bank branch) to confirm your identity. Such a complex system identification is needed if you, for example, are a private entrepreneur or plan to deposit and withdraw large amounts on your wallet. After passing, more options for working with the account will open. Many wallets, on the other hand, allow you to open your wallet anonymously. This option is suitable freelancers who do not want to advertise their income.
Some OPS offer to download a mobile offer that makes it more convenient to make transactions, for example, WebMoney.
The last step involves replenishing the wallet with cash or electronic money.

Cautions

The popularization of electronic money contributes not only to fast payments via the Internet, but also to rapidly developing fraud. Therefore, it is extremely important to choose and trust your funds to reliable trusted companies. If you have not heard about a particular payment system before, you should not enter your personal data into the registration form, and even more so transfer funds without knowing where. Beware of scams!

Summary

So, now you know what electronic money is - the essence, types, and forms of use, as well as what it is convenient, fast and reliable way carry out monetary transactions right at the monitor of your computer. Trust only trusted payment systems. Firstly, today they are available in almost any online store, railway and air ticket office, cinemas, service centers. They allow you to pay any receipts - from fines to loans and payments for an apartment. Secondly, these systems are reliably protected from scammers, and you can entrust your funds to them completely without fear. Thirdly, they have a huge number of ways to conveniently replenish and withdraw cash if necessary.

Hey! Igor Zuevich is in touch, and today we will talk about money on the Internet. No, not about how to earn them, but about what electronic money is and how to use it.

It cannot be considered as a way to save accumulated funds. Payment systems will not pay you interest, and the money is subject to certain risks.

To date, the activity of payment systems is not fully regulated by law. If you lose money, you can sue the founder company and recover the lost amounts from him.

But compensation from the state will not work, it can be paid only in case of loss of bank deposits.

Which payment system to choose?

In order to use virtual money, you must choose a payment system. It's not difficult at all.

An electronic payment system is selected based on the following criteria:

Convenient and simple user interface;
The possibility of round-the-clock replenishment of the wallet and withdrawal of funds to bank card;
Certain experience in the functioning of the payment system in the Internet market;
The popularity of the payment system on the Internet, whether it is used for payments in which you plan to order goods;
A high degree of protection against unauthorized use of funds in the electronic wallet by third parties.

Popular payment systems

The most popular electronic payment systems on the Internet are:

webmoney- has a high degree of protection. Allows you to pay for goods and services via the Internet, ensuring the security of payments. For people far from the Internet, the system is difficult to understand. Unfortunately, there are interruptions in the system, and sometimes you have to spend time waiting. Be prepared for the fact that almost every debit transaction is accompanied by a commission;

Yandex money will allow you to instantly Money transfers, pay for purchases. The system has low commissions for transactions, which gives it an advantage over its competitors. The disadvantage of the system is a very expensive withdrawal of funds;

Qiwi, CyberPlat, RBK Money less common among Runet users. Each of the systems has advantages and disadvantages, which you can learn about by becoming a user of the system. We recommend trusting your money to market leaders.

PayPal the largest electronic payment system, which is gradually gaining popularity in RuNet. Only a month ago, it became possible to withdraw funds to a card account opened with a Russian bank, although the payment acceptance function has been available to Russian users for two years, since 2011.

You can open currency or ruble electronic wallets. The exchange between virtual cash vaults is as simple as possible and takes no more than 5 minutes.

How not to make a mistake with the choice of an electronic money system?

The disadvantages of electronic wallets today are quite high risks.

You may face the following risks when using electronic money:

Financial losses. May occur in case of transmission of identification data or interception of SMS passwords. Bankruptcy of the payment system can also initiate the loss of funds;
Impossibility of payment at a specific point in time;
Absence legislative norms regulating the activity of payment systems;
Holes in the security system of electronic wallets open up opportunities for the theft of your money by advanced hackers;
Additional costs associated with the payment of commissions;
Problematic recovery, access to an electronic wallet due to its loss.

But, despite the shortcomings, as such, the benefits of using electronic money will be appreciated by you.

How to replenish the Internet wallet?

You can deposit money into your virtual wallet in two main ways:

Cash through payment terminals;
Cash or non-cash through banking institutions.

Withdrawal of funds from an electronic wallet

If you need to turn electronic money into real money, you can use special services. About 10 sites work with each payment system. So, for example, to withdraw funds from WebMoney, you can use the wmtocard or inchange services. The commission for transferring money to a plastic card can be from 2 to 5 percent. All calculations are made within 5 minutes.

Benefits of e-wallets

Very often you can hear the question: “what is the benefit of electronic money?”. The main benefit is in the efficiency and ease of calculations. Although, some advanced users manage to earn on the exchange of electronic money between various types wallets and payment systems.

Mutual aid societies also appear in Runet, the meaning of which is to provide borrowed money, other participants of the system for a fee.

Electronic payment systems in Russia provide alternative sources calculations. Many financiers argue that in the future, electronic money will replace real money.

Is this so, we will find out after a while, but for now we carefully choose a payment system and join modern systems calculation. When making payments, we pay attention to security, we do not store passwords in wallets and passports.

As you can see, if in general you know how everything related to electronic money works, then it will not be difficult to use them in your calculations via the Internet. As always, the main thing is to act correctly and you will succeed. It is better to act together and under the supervision of those people who already have experience and results. Come to our programs, at the same time and earn more!

With you,
- Igor Zuevich.

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Everything in this world is constantly changing, and of course money is changing. People are gradually moving to electronic currency. But not everyone knows what electronic money is and how to use it. Many people think that electronic money is ordinary paper money, which is simply used to pay for Internet services. In fact, electronic money is virtual, conditionally invented banknotes that have the force of real money. paper money.

Where does electronic money come from?
Like any money, electronic money needs to be earned. The Internet is an unlimited source of earning electronic real money. Everyone earns their money in their own way, someone writes articles to order, someone plays poker, someone who sells shampoo or candles, someone plays on the stock exchange.

What can be bought with electronic money?
Almost everything. On the Internet, you can buy a house, an apartment, a car, or just a pack of pasta with home delivery. If we talk about the Russian-language Internet, then we mainly use electronic money to buy electronic equipment, Cell Phones, books, bijouterie and cosmetics. In the west, many people have stopped going to regular shops. Since it is more convenient to buy in virtual stores than in ordinary ones. A person simply visits the website of the store he needs, searches for the necessary product, compares prices with other stores, and then orders home delivery. Convenience is that, firstly, a person saves his time. For example, you can choose a sofa at lunchtime, after work, by this time, the sofa will have already been delivered to the buyer's home, you can already relax on new furniture.
Secondly, no one puts pressure on the buyer and does not try to foist goods he does not need. That is, no sales consultant will not get on your nerves with your attempts to sell stale goods. Thirdly, any product, even a handkerchief, can be ordered with home delivery. In the USA, for example, in many electronic stores, delivery within the country is free. In our electronic stores, very expensive. The cost of delivery is made up of the weight of the goods, the commission for work and the distance to the buyer. So, for example, if you buy the cheapest shampoo on OZON.RU for 100 rubles, then its delivery, for example, to Nizhny Novgorod, will cost 250 rubles. That is 2.5 times more expensive than the product itself. Of course, if the owners of online stores do not figure out how to reduce the cost of delivery, then it is unlikely that online shopping will be used. in great demand in Russia.

How to use electronic money?
There are special computer programs to work with electronic money. The program is very popular in Russia WEB MONEY. The so-called electronic wallet is downloaded from the site of the same name, installed on your home computer, create wallets in the desired currency (rubles, dollars, euros, etc.), and then you can use your money. The program is easy to use, although it has flaws in terms of money security.

How to convert electronic money into real rubles.
In order to convert electronic currency into paper currency, you need to come to the exchange office with a passport, having previously sent the electronic payment and your secret password to the wallet of the exchange office. At the exchange office, after you show your passport and name your secret password (you come up with this password and only you know it too), the cashier will give you your legal real paper money, only take a commission for services, about 4% of the amount.

Advantages of electronic money.
With electronic money, you can replenish the balance of your cell phone without leaving your home, and without any commission. With electronic money, you can pay for the Internet, utility bills, any goods that are sold in online stores. Electronic money saves time, and sometimes when paying with electronic money, some online stores make discounts.

Economists believe that electronic money is the future. Since they allow you to avoid queues at the bank, at the post office, in the store, and therefore save the most precious thing - our time.

There are two main groups of electronic money, which are divided by the type of media (Figure 8).

Rice. eight

Smart cards are multipurpose plastic cards with built-in chips (microprocessors).

A money file is recorded on their chip - the equivalent of money, previously transferred to the issuer of these cards. Bank customers transfer money from their accounts to smart cards, transactions on which are carried out within the limits of the amounts credited to them. The mode of maintaining a personal account of a smart card differs from the mode of maintaining a personal account of traditional cards. An ordinary card in itself does not contain information about the state of the account, it is only a tool for accessing the current account. At the moment the bank credits funds to the card account to which a regular payment card is linked, no crediting is made to the bank card itself. At the time of replenishment of the smart card funds, the balance on the personal account is reduced by the amount by which the card was replenished. Electronic cash appears on the card, as a result of which it becomes possible and safe (in terms of the occurrence of an overdraft on the account) to authorize transactions offline. Examples of such maps are shown in Figure 9.

Rice. nine electronic money based on smart cards

Smart cards have their advantages and disadvantages (Figure 10).

Rice. ten

ASSIST can serve as an example of a successful payment system in Russia. It has passed the stage of formation together with the famous and most popular online store in our country OZON.ru. Its uniqueness lies in the fact that it provides modules for electronic stores that help to accept all types of payment means - these are plastic cards, and Yandex.Money, and WebMoney, as well as its own cards based on an assistid number. Thus, electronic money based on smart cards is a monetary value stored on bank multi-purpose cards in a virtual form. This value can be used for payments to the card issuer, individual or legal entity. At present, smart cards issued by non-bank organizations, such as telephone, medical or transport cards. Typically, these cards are used to pay for the services of only one company.

On the basis of networks (network-based) - this is electronic money that works on the basis of software system presented as a program or network resource. These systems make extensive use of data encryption and digital signature. This type of payment is widely used to pay for goods in online stores, services of remote workers or game time in online games. An example of these systems is WebMoney, Yandex.Money, RUpay, E-gold, E-port, PayCash, MoneyMail, CyberPlat, Rapida, QIWI, [email protected], etc.

This money is currently the most common, most convenient and secure means of payment.

On the basis of networks, fiat and non-fiat electronic money are distinguished (Figure 11).

Rice. eleven

Now consider fiat electronic money on the example of "PayPal".

The payment system "PayPal" is quite well known in Russia, although it does not work with Russian clients. It is a debit system using the concept of electronic money.

There are two main types of accounts in PayPal: for US citizens and international (for non-US citizens). The US Citizens Account provides more options, but requires the disclosure of customer information, down to tax registration number. Quite a lot of foreign online stores and service companies are connected to PayPal. Therefore, some Russian citizens connect to the system by distorting their registration data (substituting non-existent addresses in Europe, the USA, etc.). This method is not safe and is not recommended. The payment system has more than 100 million customers worldwide and accepts payments from VISA, MasterCard credit cards and insures the payment. PayPal is the largest online payment system. A huge number of online stores and online auctions trade through it. A buyer who paid for a purchase through PayPal and was deceived by the seller can open a dispute and demand a refund from PayPal. That is why cases of fraud when working through this payment system are very rare. A huge number of sites accept payment through "PayPal" and by credit card.

Fiat electronic money also includes: African payment system"M-Pesa" - this system operates in Kenya and Tanzania and is a supplier of payment services and Ukrainian electronic payment system GlobalMoney (GlobalMoney).

We now turn to the consideration of non-fiat money based on networks. Electronic non-fiat money is an electronic unit of value of non-state payment systems, respectively, emission, circulation and redemption occurs according to the rules of non-state payment systems.

There are such electronic payment systems in Russia as WebMoney, Yandex.Money, Qiwi, RUpay, E-gold, E-port, PayCash, MoneyMail, CyberPlat, Rapida, etc. Most of the systems are not anonymous or partially anonymous. Almost any online store offers payment for goods through these systems.

Each user chooses the most suitable option.

This can be compared, for example, with the operator cellular communication. In order to choose the right campaign, it is recommended to familiarize yourself with all the proposed types of mobile operators, with their rules, with the size of the commission that they charge for the transaction, in turn, some campaigns provide bonuses for using their system.

Of course, often, users choose their most popular system and believe that it is better than the rest, the most optimal. Since there will be fewer problems with depositing / withdrawing funds in this kind of system, it is supported by many Internet resources. WebMoney can be attributed to such a system. This system is the most popular on the Internet today and has a very high degree of protection, in connection with which users practically do not worry about the safety of their money. It is gradually merging into the financial market - with the involvement of WebMoney, they are already conducting auctions, selling shares, precious metals, and many other operations.

The second most popular type of electronic money is the well-known Yandex.Money system. Its main difference from the WebMoney system is that it has one universal account, which is measured in rubles.

The next system QIWI Wallet is a payment system that allows you to make payments for services and money transfers from a mobile phone operating in the GSM standard. The system allows you to pay mobile phone, Internet access, pay TV and many other services without interest and commissions in any place where GSM phones work.

The legal space of the QIWI Wallet system is the Russian Federation. For settlements in the system, the electronic currency Mobile Wallet RUB is used, the equivalent of Russian rubles.

Consider the above-mentioned most famous payment systems ("Webmoney", "QIWI", "Yandex.Money"): on what principle they operate, what functions they perform in comparison (Table 7).

Table 7 Comparison of the most famous payment systems in the Russian Federation

	Yandex money
Client location restrictions	No restrictions, open for use, cross-border	Instant payments regardless of location	No restrictions
Anonymity	Not anonymous	Anonymous with restrictions and identified	Anonymous, except for mobile phone input
Confidentiality	Built-in message encryption algorithm. With its help, all users of the system have the opportunity to carry out correspondence via secure channels.	Confidentiality is present, there is also protection for all payments	Advanced software allows you to control each payment and ensure the safety financial resources in system
Wallets	WMZ - dollar wallets; WMR - ruble wallets; WME - euro wallets; WMU - wallets for storing the Ukrainian hryvnia.	Wallets of the same type: Yandex.Wallet and Internet.Wallet	Same-type wallets with multi-currency - support various methods payment (cash, non-cash, electronic currencies, bank cards).
Interest charged	Transfer within the system - 0.8% (maximum 50 conventional units for WMZ, and WME, 1500 for WMR, 250 for WMU, 100000 for WMB, 55000 for WMY and 2 for WMG, % charged by banks, terminals, etc.	Transfer within the system - 0.5% Electronic money exchange - 3% Wallet replenishment - % charged by banks, terminals, etc.	Transfer within the system - 0% Transfer from a QIWI card - 0% Wallet replenishment - 0% (when depositing> 500 rubles),% charged by banks, terminals, etc. Commission for payment and transfer is 3%
Peculiarities	Various types of wallets: light, classic and others, the presence of a well-known exchange office RoboxChange	Client terminal-Java-application; banking system Contact	Bank transfer system Contact, Internet wallet management from a computer using specialized software

So, with the help of electronic money, you can make purchases in online stores, pay for receipts, mobile and city communications, programs, deposit money into an account in social media, Online Games, buy coupons, air and railway tickets, make money transfers and much more.

To do this, there are two types of electronic money (based on smart cards and based on networks). Use existing species electronic money is not difficult. It is enough to log into your account, select the desired operation, enter the required amount and make a payment.

As a result, we can say that the choice of the system depends entirely on the user, therefore, you should give preference to the campaign you like, pay with electronic money and not worry about their safety. With care, they won't go anywhere!