How to make a volcano experience at home. Experience for kids: how to make a volcano erupt

How is it accessible and interesting for a child to talk about what a volcano is? You can, of course, arm yourself with books with pictures of a volcano in a section and try to explain in words how magma is thrown out. Or you can make your own volcano at home. You will not only satisfy the curiosity of a young researcher, but also arouse interest in various sciences: geography, chemistry and geology.

Making a volcano at home is very easy. simple products, which can be found at home, and simple detergents allow you to create beautiful effects. It is recommended to conduct similar experiments with children of six or seven years old: at this age they will be better able to understand the essence of the ongoing action. Although such a spectacular spectacle will be interesting to both the baby and the adult.

Purpose of the experiment- form in children elementary representation about natural phenomenon"Volcano", clearly show the interaction of alkali with acid (neutralization reaction).

Tasks:

explain how volcanoes work and what danger they pose;
explain what an acid-base environment is;
arouse the child's research interest;
develop self-learning skills;
teach children about the existence of an acid-base environment.

Materials and tools:

flask or bottle;
cardboard for the manufacture of "mountains";
plasticine to shape the volcano;
water;
soda;
lemon acid;
food coloring or gouache orange or red;
dishwashing liquid;
a container for mixing ingredients and a spoon;
stapler;
Plastic container;
small figurines (different types of animals, trees, stones).

Experience progress

1. Let's make a volcano.

First you need to find a suitable container. You can use both a flask and a small bottle of juice or yogurt. To give the bottle the look of a mountain, we make a blank from cardboard. Cut out a circle, make one cut along the radius. We fold the circle into a cone and firmly fix it with a stapler. Cut off the top of the cone.

We insert our container inside the figure - we get the skeleton of a volcano. With the help of plasticine, you need to give the volcano a shape: we coat the cardboard with plasticine, make a “crater”, masking the neck of the container.

We place the volcano blank in a plastic container (or in a basin). Create an environment with different types animals (dinosaurs, animals), trees, stones. We pour stones to the foot of the volcano, arrange trees, arrange animals.

2. We prepare 2 solutions of "lava"

First solution: we collect 2/3 of water in a container, add food coloring (or gouache), a few drops of dishwashing detergent (so that there is a lot of foam) and 5 tablespoons of soda.

The second solution: we dilute citric acid (the recommended ratio is 5 tablespoons per 1.5 cups of water).

3. We launch the "eruption"

Thoroughly mix the mixture in the volcano container. Slowly pour the solution into the vent citric acid.

Watch the magic unfold as a dormant volcano wakes up and transforms into a fire-breathing mountain!

The result of the experience

Fiery red foam erupts from the mouth of the volcano.

Volcanic eruption (no dye)

scientific explanation

The volcano erupts as a result of the interaction of two substances - soda and citric acid. In chemistry, this process is called a neutralization reaction. Acid and alkali (soda) neutralize each other, releasing carbon dioxide. CO₂ foams the mixture poured into the crater and causes the mass to overflow over the edges of the crater. Dishwashing detergent makes the "lava" bubble up more. We recommend doing another experiment with a volcano, but with glowing lava.

You can watch a volcano erupt at home not only on TV. With the help of a small chemical experiment, you will arrange a real eruption on a fabulous island.

From this article you will learn

Everything that's needed

It takes a little experience household chemicals And decorative elements to create an island. An island with a volcano can be made from natural materials or use dinosaur sensory box sets.

Model of the volcano is molded from plasticine. The creation of a fabulous volcanic island for the experience is the main part of it and serves to develop the child's imagination and creativity. Such activities will help instill a love of chemistry and geography. Fine motor skills of the fingers, the child will develop during the manufacture of plasticine terrain and its inhabitants.

To make an island you need:

cardboard;
stapler or narrow tape;
box with colored plasticine;
small animal toys;
multi-colored pebbles;
big plastic box or a bowl in which the island will stand;
glass or plastic container with a volume of 200 ml for the vent of the volcano.

For the experiment you will need:

soda 20 g;
food coloring:
vinegar 9%;
detergent for dishes 25 ml;
water 100 ml.

Usually the experience happens until mom runs out of all the baking soda and all the vinegar, so please be patient.

Children cannot conduct experiments on their own without adults. If vinegar gets into the eyes or mouth of a child, a burn of the mucous membranes may occur, and if swallowed, a burn of the esophagus.

Making a fabulous island

You can build an island in a large plastic container. Pour real water, lay out the bottom with round pebbles. Make a container for a volcano from a jar for baby food or an old glass. For the mountain, inside which the container will stand, you need to make a cardboard layout, his child will be happy to cover it with plasticine.

The sequence of making a volcanic mountain:

cut out a circle of the desired diameter from thick cardboard;
make an incision from the edge to the center of the circle;
roll up the cone;
the edges of the cone are fastened with a stapler or tape;
pruned upper part a cone at a height equal to the capacity chosen for the volcano;
place the container inside the cone.

From above, I coat the mountain with plasticine. To do this, roll out small plasticine cakes. Brown color and stick to the paper cone, completely covering the cardboard. The top of the volcano can be made of red plasticine, which will imitate red-hot lava.

They set up a volcanic mountain on a dry island of pebbles. They sit around small rubber animals that are among children's toys. Colorful amazing dinosaurs or wolves, foxes, bunnies, bears and other inhabitants of the forest and jungle. Depending on which animals were planted, vegetation is selected for the island. Large tree ferns and horsetails for dinosaurs, and ordinary Christmas trees and birches for bunnies and foxes.

Plastic plants are also often sold in children's play sets. You can use a leaf of a live fern and twigs of plants if it's summer outside. Plants can also be molded from plasticine, made from threads and beads or ordinary cardboard.

Can be made from cardboard small houses, for plastic Indians and soldiers. It is better to use cardboard for making plants and houses when the island is in a container with blue-colored sand instead of water or on a blue plasticine sea.

Conducting an experiment

Finally the island is ready. All toy animals and people froze in anticipation of an interesting event - a volcanic eruption. They know that the volcano is not real and therefore they are not afraid of it.

To conduct the experiment, pour a tablespoon of soda into the jar-vent of the volcano. Add a tablespoon of dish detergent. red food coloring or orange color dissolved in 100 milligrams of water and poured into soda and detergent. The basis for the experiment is ready, it remains to add vinegar. Mom, you can let the child pour vinegar into the volcano on his own, under her supervision, so that he does not do it in her absence. It is better to repeat the experiment for an encore, pouring vinegar into the “vent” of the volcano and pouring soda into it, while the child is interested and asks to repeat the experiment.

When vinegar is added, the soda will begin to foam, erupting from the "vent of the volcano" like red or orange lava. The detergent will allow the “lava” to foam longer and more abundantly, overflowing from the vent and flooding the surroundings along with plants and animals that were inadvertently placed too close.

Afterword

The safest way to do a volcano experiment for young children is with baking soda and vinegar. It can be repeated many times, and get necessary materials experience is not difficult.

The most interesting thing about the experience is the creation of your own fairy-tale island with your child, which can be used not only for chemical experience"Volcano", but also for an exciting game.

With older children, you can conduct the Volcano experiment at home using
, potassium permanganate and glycerin. For the experiment, ammonium dichromate is poured into an evaporating bowl in the form of a slide, in the middle of which a depression is made. Add a little potassium permanganate and a few drops of glycerin to the recess.

After a few minutes, due to the interaction of potassium permanganate and glycerol, ammonium dichromate will ignite. Sparks will be thrown from the volcano in all directions, and a fountain of fire will begin to erupt. Before starting the experiment, the bowl must be placed on the foil so as not to burn the surface on which the experiment will take place.

Ammonium dichromate can simply be set on fire, and it will burn like a volcano, spewing sparks. The experience is exciting, but without the presence of adults, children should not be allowed to do it. Burns can be caused not only by sparks, but also by the chemicals used.

Good luck with your experiments!

enrich the minds of children with new content that contributes to the accumulation of ideas about the world around them;

expand children's understanding of objects and phenomena of inanimate nature;

develop activity, initiative and independence in cognitive activity.

Download:

Preview:

Experimental activity "Volcanic eruption"

Target:

Cognitive development:

enrich the minds of children with new content that contributes to the accumulation of ideas about the world around them;

expand children's understanding of objects and phenomena of inanimate nature;

develop activity, initiative and independence in cognitive activity.

Speech development:

expand lexicon based on the rich ideas about the world that are being formed in children, to activate them in independent statements;

activate vocabulary in speech practice: lava, volcano, volcanologists, ash, dormant volcano, active volcano, extinct volcano, etc.

Social and communicative development:

to cultivate interest and desire for creative knowledge of the world around

create a condition within the framework of the lesson for independent cognitive activity children.

support the child's desire to actively engage in interactions with peers and adults;

to form equal, friendly relations between peers;

Physical development:

Improve children's health.

Problem Question: What is a volcano?

Hypotheses: 1. A volcano is a fire-breathing mountain.

2. A volcano is an ordinary mountain.

Equipment:

pictures depicting volcanoes;

pallets;

video film;

soda;

lemon acid;

dry red paint;

washing liquid;

teaspoons;

pipettes;

glasses with water;

napkins

visibility: pictures with the phenomenon of nature,

preliminary work: acquaintance with natural phenomena.

Progress of taking

Hello guys. I'm glad to meet you. My name is…

Let's enjoy the sun and the birds

Let's rejoice in smiling faces,

Say good morning to friends. …

Good morning, let's say to the guests, ... .

My children love to observe natural phenomena. What natural phenomena do you like to observe? … (images)

My children have prepared a riddle for you. What natural phenomenon can we observe in spring, summer, and autumn? … ….)

If the children find it difficult, the teacher uses a riddle

Let me help you. Guess the riddle:

It wets the field, forest and meadow,

City, house and everything around!

He is the leader of clouds and clouds,

You know this is...

RAIN

But we're not talking about rain. About what? About such a mysterious, mysterious, amazing and formidable phenomenon of nature as a "volcanic eruption".

Listen to an interesting legend.

“There lived a god named Vulcan and he liked blacksmithing - to stand at the anvil, to beat iron with a heavy hammer, to fan the fire in the furnace. He built himself a blacksmith inside a tall mountain. The mountain was right in the middle of the sea. When the volcano worked like a hammer, the mountain trembled from top to bottom, and the rumble and roar carried far around. Hot stones, fire and ashes flew from a hole in the mountain top with a deafening roar.

Since then, people began to call all fire-breathing mountains "volcanoes". “The volcano is working,” people said with fear, and they went to live away from this place.

In our time, so that trouble does not happen, scientists specially observe volcanoes. They record their observations with a video camera.

I invite you to the cinema. Gesture. Come on in. Have a seat. …

Viewing is accompanied by explanations of the teacher.

Fragment 2: - Lava is melted stones. It flows down the slope and outflows very, very far from the volcano. Along the way, she burns grass and trees, destroys everything living and inanimate, turning into ashes. When the lava flows away from the volcano, it solidifies and turns into stones.

Fragment 3: See what a volcano eruption looks like at night. Like a fiery river of lava flows.

What starts a volcanic eruption? (First appears ... smoke)

How does lava flow?

What remains after a volcanic eruption? …( frozen stones, burnt trees) ...

We watched an active volcano with you. And then there are dormant and extinct.

What do you think is the dormant volcano? ... Sleeper is a volcano that looks like an ordinary mountain, but can explode with fiery lava at any moment.

I tried to make a model of a dormant volcano. exposes

Looks like? … How? ... (form, there is a hole on top). A cone-shaped volcano.

Top with funnel. This is the crater of a volcano.

The crater of the volcano is a huge bowl with steep slopes, and at the bottom there is a reddish-orange mouth - this is a vent, a hole that goes deep into the ground.

Watching a volcanic eruption is interesting. It's safer to do it in a movie theater. You can also make a model of a volcano and watch the lava erupt, bringing the volcano to life.

Before conducting an experiment on the revival of a volcano, I would like to check whether you know how to be attentive, careful, and not to make forbidden movements.

The game is called "Forbidden Movements". Rule: it is forbidden to make such movements .... Be careful, I will show forbidden movements.

Everyone tried to be careful. This means that during the experiment you will work carefully and accurately, following the instructions.

Look, there are models of volcanoes on the tables and equipment that will help us wake them up.

In order not to harm ourselves and others, we will work according to the scheme, observing the rules of safe behavior.

We must work carefully:

do not take anything in your mouth - a symbol

carefully pour the powder - symbol

carefully pour water - symbol

do not touch lava - symbol

use napkin symbol

To wake up the volcano, you need:

put 1 spoon of red magic powder - symbol

pipette 5 drops of yellow liquid - symbol

add water no more than 4 spoons - symbol

The eruption starts after the water is added, but not immediately. It is necessary to check how many spoons of water to add so that the lava flows.

We take jobs. Each has its own volcano model, a measuring spoon and a pipette. The scheme of the experiment, red powder, yellow liquid, water and the scheme lie in the center for two. It will be necessary to negotiate so as not to prevent the other from accurately conducting the experiment.

So what do we need to check? … It is necessary to check how many spoons of water to add in order for the lava to flow.

The children are experimenting. The teacher advises, monitors compliance with the rules of safe behavior.

What beautiful, wonderful, unusual volcanoes you revived.

After what order of the spoon did lava begin to appear? …

Who has lava flowing very fast? …

When did the lava flow faster, after three or four spoonfuls? ... So, in order to observe longer, it is better to put three tablespoons of water.

So, today we talked about a volcanic eruption. Did you like it? … Can you tell the other children in the group about this? … I think that you will succeed. And for this, I give you an album with photographs of the volcano, the scheme of the experiment, the composition for the experiment and the layout of the volcano.

Hello dear readers! It's no secret that all children love the mysterious, beautiful and magical. Probably, your children also like everything fabulous, interesting? Wouldn't you like to be a wizard for your baby? Surprise him with unusual phenomena, make an indelible impression?

I bring to your attention experiments at home, which we conduct with children. Today I will tell you about the experience of "Volcano" for children- this is an amazing, bewitching sight, the children are watching the volcanic eruption with interest, I recommend trying it. Your kid will definitely appreciate it!

In addition to this experiment, the kids and I conducted several more: an experiment with milk (you can see) and an experiment with water (see), which I think your child will also appreciate!

Cardboard
plasticine
Jar (I took from under the baby puree)
Plate or tray
stapler
Scissors
Dishwashing liquid 1 tbsp.
Soda 1 tbsp
Acetic acid
diluted paint

We make a blank for the Volcano experience

Experience at home Volcano

Now I will tell you in detail how to make the volcano experience. By the way, during the experiment, the children took an active part - they covered the paper cone with plasticine, poured soda into a jar, poured detergent, dyed the water with paints, after which the resulting colored solution was poured into a jar. The only thing I did myself was to cut out the cone, fasten it with a stapler and pour vinegar into the mouth of the volcano, after which the eruption began. So, we proceed directly to the experiment.

And what experiments did you do with kids - preschoolers or maybe older children, please share in the comments, it's very interesting to know

Do-it-yourself volcano model from salt dough. Master class with step by step photo.

Kushnareva Tatyana Nikolaevna - teacher of geography, MBOU secondary school No. 9, Azov, Rostov region.
Target: Making a model of a volcano from salt dough using the testoplasty technique.
Tasks:
1. Contribute to the formation of a scientific picture of the world, the initial idea of the types of volcanoes.
2. To develop the creative research activity of children.
3. Raise interest in cognitive research activities, purposefulness, perseverance, independence.

In my work, I invite you to find out if it is possible to make a volcano at home and look at this dangerous, but it seems to me a very beautiful phenomenon - a volcanic eruption. Schoolchildren aged 10-13 can show their ability to create an artificial volcano, as well as preschool children.
Technique: Testoplasty, it seems to me, is very well suited for the implementation of my idea.
Purpose: Layout for research activities - experiment, as well as use as visual material to fix the external and internal structure volcano.

"I spit fire and lava,
I am a dangerous giant
I am glorious with bad fame,
What is my name?" (Volcano)

Volcanoes are geological formations on the surface earth's crust or the crust of another planet, where magma comes to the surface, forming lava, volcanic gases, rocks (volcanic bombs), and pyroclastic flows.
Word "Volcano" comes from the name of the ancient Roman god of fire, Vulcan. Translated from Latin - the god of fire and blacksmithing.

Probably all possible natural disasters threatening man, volcanic eruptions are the most dramatic, if not in terms of the number of victims and destruction, then in terms of the feeling of horror and helplessness that grips people in the face of the raging elements generated by the fiery depths of the planet.
The volcano is a fantastic sight. In a matter of minutes, it can devastate entire cities, kill thousands of people, destroy landscapes, and even change the Earth's climate.
Scientists estimate that about 500 million people live near volcanoes today.
Since 1700, volcanic eruptions have killed over 260,000 people. People will not be able to prevent mass death if they do not learn to understand and respect volcanoes.
Outwardly, volcanoes differ from each other, the most common types of volcanoes are conical and shield. Shield volcanoes are broad, flat volcanoes ranging in diameter from a few kilometers to over 100 km, and are usually low and wide. The volcano was formed as a result of repeated outpourings of high-temperature liquid lava.
IN this master class I propose to make a conical volcano.
Conical volcano. The slopes of the volcano are steep - the lava is thick, viscous, cools down quickly enough. The mountain has the shape of a cone.

Materials:
colored paper;
PVA glue";
Vinegar;
Soda;
Scissors;
Flour;
Gouache paints;
tassel;
Cardboard sheet;
Glass cup.

Step by step description work

1. First we need to prepare the salt dough for making the Volcano Model. To prepare salt dough, we need 400 gr. flour, 200 gr. fine salt and 150 ml. water.

2. The dough is ready, you can get to work.

3. To make the foot of the layout, we need to prepare a square of green colored paper 20/20 cm and a sheet of cardboard 20/20 cm

4. Apply PVA glue to cardboard

5. The foot of the Volcano Layout is ready

6. We put the dough on the foot, make a hole in the center and put a glass cup in it, which will act as a vent.

7. Shaping the layout. We need a day for the dough to dry. You can speed up the drying process, put the layout in the oven for 20 minutes, alternately changing sides.

8. We start painting the layout, using gouache paints. We apply paint in layers. The lower part of the slope is covered with green.

9. Add a few light tones of green paint.

10. We cover the middle and upper part of the slope of the layout with brown paint.

11. It is necessary to let the paint dry in order to apply flowing lava to the Volcano model using red gouache.

12. The layout of the Volcano is ready for the experiment

13. For experimental activities, we need vinegar and soda tinted with red gouache in a small amount.

14. We pour soda into the mouth of the model, and then pour tinted vinegar. Volcanism begins!

15. We watch how the lava flows down the slope.

In the course of research activities, it was confirmed that it is possible to create an artificial volcano through experimental activities.

Volcanoes began to "vulcanize" -
Spewing lava from the vent.
Lava flowed down the slopes
And the Earth was badly burned. (Elena Romankevich)
Thank you all for your attention!