Complex adjective examples are written through a hyphen. Open lesson "hyphenated and continuous spelling of compound adjectives"

III. Adjectives

§ 80. Compound adjectives are written together:

1. Formed from conjointly spelled complex nouns, for example: tap water(water pipes), agricultural(farmer, agriculture) Novosibirsk(Novosibirsk).

2. Formed from combinations of words, subordinate to one another in their meaning, for example: railway (Railway), economic (National economy), natural science (natural Sciences), complex(difficult in the way of subordination), rail rolling(rolling the rails) nationwide(common to the people), marshy scrub(forming protection for fields), metal-cutting(cutting metal); this also includes denoting a single concept of education (including terminological ones) from an adverb and an adjective (or participle), for example: obscure, nearby, burning, highly respected, freshly baked, clairvoyant, potent, wild-growing, evergreen, plain-colored.

Note. Compound adjectives, which include adverbs, should not be mixed with phrases consisting of an adverb and an adjective (or participle) and written separately, for example: diametrically opposed, directly opposite, purely Russian, childishly naive, poorly concealed, clearly expressed.

3. Used as terms and formed from two or three bases, regardless of the nature of the latter, for example: abdominal(block), Indo-European(languages), Old High German(language), bicarbonate(gas); also - deaf-mute.

§ 81. Complex adjectives are written with a hyphen:

1. Formed from nouns written with a hyphen, from personal names - combinations of names and surnames, as well as from names settlements, which are combinations of first and last names, first names and patronymics, for example: diesel-engine, social-democratic, Buryat-Mongolian, north-eastern, Alma-Ata, Orekhovo-Zuevsky, Nizhne-Maslovsky, Ust-Abakansky, Romain-Rollanovsky, Walter-Scottovsky, Lev-Tolstoy, Erofei-Pavlovichsky.

Note 1. The adjective is written together moskvoretsky.

Note 2. Adjectives formed from proper names, written with a hyphen, and having a prefix that is not present in the noun, are written together, for example: Amudarya, Zaissyk-Kul.

2. Formed from two or more bases denoting equal concepts, for example: interest-free, convex-concave, party-komsomol, gardening, meat and dairy, English-Japanese, Russian-German-French(dictionary), blue-white-red(flag).

3. Formed from two bases and denoting: a) quality with an additional connotation, for example: booming-loud, bitter-salty; b) shades of colors, for example: pale pink, bright blue, dark blond, black-brown, bluish blue, golden yellow, ash gray, bottle green, lemon yellow, yellow red.

4. Included in geographical proper names and starting with east-, west-but-, north- And north, south And south-, for example: West Kazakhstan region, East China Sea, Union of South Africa.

Note 1. Adjectives formed from two or more stems that do not fit the listed rules are written with a hyphen, for example: literary and artistic(almanac), mass political(Job), vocabulary and technical(the Department), podzolic-marsh, loose-cloddy-silty, oblong-lanceolate.

Note 2. Words are also written through a hyphen, the first integral part which are self-, self- , for example: self-friend, self-third, self-heel, self-heel.

Russian language 6 class Date ________

Topic : HYPHENATED AND CONNECTED

COMPOUND ADJECTS

Goals: educational: familiarize yourself with the terms of the use of a hyphen in compound adjectives, distinguishing between fused and separate writing words;

developing: develop the ability to write complex adjectives correctly;

educational: shape a culture speech communication.

Lesson type: combined

Methods: information-developing, creative-reproductive,

visual control method

Equipment: cards for individual work

illustrative material

LESSON PLAN

I. Organizing time

Greetings. The concentration of students' attention.

Parsing suggestions

Snowflakes - one of the most beautiful , difficult And absolutely unique creations nature , her centuries old secret .

IV. Preparation for the study of the topic

Notice how the word is spelledcenturies old.

Replace this word with a combination of words. What can be the conclusion?

Announcement of the topic, goals, objectives of the lesson. Familiarization with the work plan.

V. Assimilation of new knowledge

1. Spelling reading ______________________

2. Drawing up a diagram:

hyphenated: concatenated:

1. color can be replaced by a phrase

bright blue railway (railroad)

dark red heavy duty (large load)

2. You can put AND

bitter-salty

3. cardinal directions

northeastern

4. repetition of words

good-very good

VI. Primary knowledge test

– In what cases will they apply. are written together, and in which - through a hyphen?

1. Choose adjectives that are formed from a combination of words subordinate to one another.

green eyed girl, musical and entertainment broadcast, Middle Ural direction, ski resort, Old Russian language, lavender suit, water transport artery, southeastern coast, iron foundry.

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green-eyed (green eyes) young woman,Middle Ural (Middle Urals) direction.

Ski (alpine skiing) resort,Old Russian (Ancient Russia) language.

Water transport (water transport) artery,iron foundry (cast iron) workshop.

2. Choose adjectives that are written with a hyphen.

Light(blue), fruit (berry), steel (casting), life (joyful),parachute (landing), explosive (dangerous), scientific (popular),potatoes (harvesting),sanitary (hygienic), ten (year-old) northwestern).

************************************************************

Light blue (color)

Fruit and berry (can be inserted and)

Parachute (can be inserted and)

Popular science (can be inserted and)

Sanitary (can be inserted and)

Northwestern (from northwest).

3. Choose adjectives that are spelled together.

Guest (adoptive) hosts, pain (quenching) remedy, vegetable (animal) peace, thirty(degree) freezing, literary (artistic) circle, railway (road) station, green (golden fields), dark (chestnut) hair, ancient (Russian) language, Russian(English) dictionary, three (room) apartment, steam (hot) whistle.

Selective dictation

* Write out from the text Difficult words explain their spelling.

Interesting facts about snowflakes.

Snowflakes are a very beautiful and interesting material created by nature. Each of us tried to see these beauties. But it's very difficult, because they immediately melt

1. does not happen pentagonal or heptagonal snowflakes. All snowflakes are strictly hexagonal form.

2. in one cubic meter snow is 350 million snowflakes.

3. snowflakes light-light , its weight is only about a milligram, sometimes 2.3 mg.

4. most overweight snowflake was discovered in 1887. Its diameter was 38 cm. The average size of an ordinary snowflake is 5 mm.

5. snowflakes - air cleaners , they clean the air from dust and burning. That's why it's easy to breathe during snowfall .

6. snowflakes only seem to us white-white due to the refraction of light at the edges of the crystals, but in fact they are absolutely transparent, as they consist of 95% air and 5% water.

7. snowflakes - vaporous substances, they are formed not from water, but from water vapor. Zamor about a melted snowflake will not revive it.

8. And one more interesting fact. Beautiful six-beam artificial snowflakes can be obtained in a special installation. On the island of Honshu there is a Museum of Snow and Ice named after the Japanese scientist Ukihiro Nakaya, who was the first to create an artificial snowflake. There is also a machine for making snowflakes.

Here is such a snowflake, interesting and still not fully understood.

Lesson summary

Homework_____________________________________

• compound adjectives formed from compound nouns written together, for example: chronicle (chronicle), local history (local history);
• compound adjectives formed from such combinations of words in which one word is subordinate in meaning to another (connected in a way of agreement, control or adjunction), for example: widescreen (wide screen), iron foundry (iron casting), precocious (which will sing soon).

Notes

1. Compound adjectives, the first part of which is formed from adverbs, should be distinguished from ordinary phrases consisting of an adverb and an adjective (or participle), written APART, for example: diametrically opposite, purely Russian, poorly hidden, distinctly expressed. In the sentence, the first part of the combinations acts as a separate member of the sentence (answers questions as? in what degree? how?).

   As the first part of such phrases are adverbs absolutely ( absolutely calm), impeccably ( impeccably honest), vital ( vital necessary), originally ( primordially Russian), true ( true revolutionary), authentic ( truly scientific), straight ( directly opposite), sharply ( sharp negative), fatal ( deadly poisonous, deadly pale), strictly ( strictly logical) and others

   APART phrases are written that include adverbs in -ski , for example: historically important.

2. A number of compound adjectives, the first part of which is formed from adverbs, is written ONE. Such adjectives are bookish in nature and are often terms, denoting a single, integral concept, for example: highly ideological(spectacle), highly qualified(specialist), the above(example), easily soluble(material), insignificant(fact), promising(experiment), following(review), visually impaired(human), hard to reach(climb). If dependent words are used with such adjectives, then the adverb and adjective are usually written separately (that is, they become a phrase). Compare: promising student(= very talented, promising) — student, very promising but not fulfilling its obligations; hard to reach (= almost inaccessible) vertex — hard to reach even for experienced climbers.

Write with a hyphen:

• compound adjectives formed from names, for example: northeastern (northeast), Orekhovo-Zuevsky (Orekhovo-Zuyevo);
• compound adjectives formed from combinations of words that are equal in meaning, independent of each other (related according to the method of composition), for example: interest-free deposits(interest-free, but winning), scientific and technical progress(scientific and technical), spinning and weaving factory(spinning and weaving), blue-white-red flag(blue, white and red) (in these cases, a union can be inserted between the words from which the compound adjective is formed And or but );
• compound adjectives denoting shades of colors, for example: bright blue, silver grey, lemon yellow, dark brown, yellow red;
• compound adjectives, the first part of which is formed from foreign words and ends with -iko , for example: chemical-technological, physical-mathematical, mechanical-mathematical(but: great Russian, high society).

Notes

1. with a hyphen complex adjectives denoting quality are written with an additional connotation, for example: bitter-salty(salty and bitter) respectfully polite(polite and respectful).
2. with a hyphen a number of complex adjectives are written, parts of which denote heterogeneous features, for example: military revolutionary the committee(military revolutionary), mass-political Job(mass political), popular science Journal(scientific popular). It should be borne in mind that among complex adjectives there are many traditional spellings, for example: world-historical(but: world famous), national liberation(but: economic). Therefore, if in doubt about spelling, you should refer to the spelling dictionary.

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In the Russian language, a huge lexical layer belongs to complex names adjectives, the spelling of which can cause difficulties and provoke an error. However, they should not be afraid, because there are well-defined rules.

Adjectives formed by adding two stems are written together if:

1. Derived from conjointly spelled nouns. For example:

• Novorossiysk (Novorossiysk), Krasnodar (Krasnodar), freedom-loving (freedom-loving).

2. Derived from phrases, the types of connection between which were originally subordination or composition. For example:

• railway (railroad), legitimate (born in a legal marriage), Red Army (Red Army), woodworking (woodworking), meat processing (meat harvesting), rail rolling (rolling rails), nationwide (common for the people), etc.

This group also includes adjectives denoting a single concept, including terminological units. They are formed from a phrase like "adverb + adjective". For example:

• wild, evergreen, highly respected, little used, etc.

Note 1. Adjectives formed from compound proper nouns are written with a small letter .

Note 2. Compound adjectives formed by merging an adverb with a simple adjective are often confused with phrases like "adverb + adjective (or participle)", which, of course, are written separately. For example:

• childishly gullible, poorly concealed, wildly annoying, forever young .

Such phrases differ from complex adjectives in that they are not stable.

3. They are terminological units, formed from several bases, the nature of which does not matter. For example:

• hip (bone), ankle (joint), Old Church Slavonic (language), deaf-mute, etc.

Adjectives formed by merging two stems are written with a hyphen if:

1. Derived from nouns, the spelling of which was originally hyphenated. This group also includes compound adjectives formed from combinations of personal names and patronymics, given names and surnames. The same group includes the names geographical objects(most often settlements), formed from combinations of personal names and patronymics, names and surnames. For example:

• diesel engine, social democratic, Alma-Ata, Orekhovo-Zuevsky, northeastern, Buryat-Mongolian;
• Leo Tolstoy, Alexander Pushkin, Stephen King, Chuck Polanovsky, etc.
• Erofey Pavlovichsky

Note 1. An exception is the adjective "Zamoskvoretsky", which is written together.

Note 2. All of the above subgroups of adjectives formed from proper names are written together if a prefix appears in them:

• Podalmaatinsky, Zaorekhovozuevsky.

2. Derived from two or more equal words:

• interest-free winning, gardening, meat and dairy, bouquet and candy (period in a relationship), blue-white-red (flag), etc.

2. Derived from two bases and denote either quality with an additional shade, or shades of colors and halftones. For example:

• rolling-loud, iridescent-melodious, fervently-voiced;
• pale pink, blue-green, light orange, dark blue, yellow-red, blue-black, smoky gray, etc.

3. They are part of geographical names with the first parts north (north), south (south), east, west, for example:

• North Caucasian, South Korean, East Chinese, West Ukrainian, etc.

Note 1. All other adjectives formed from two or more stems are written with a hyphen. For example:

• Literary and artistic (circle), political and mass (propaganda), vocabulary and technical (department), etc.

Note 2. Words, the first part of which is the stem "sam-", "sama-" are also written with a hyphen. For example:

• Self-third, self-heel, etc.