East African countries. What is the easternmost point in Africa called?

The article contains general information about the East Africa region. Forms an idea of the socio-economic situation in this part of the continent. Indicates the reasons that hinder the development and growth of the territory from an economic point of view.

East Africa

The area of the region is 7.7 million square meters. km. The population of the region is close to 200 million people.

Rice. 1. Map of the region.

The list of East African countries includes:

Sudan;
Ethiopia;
Eritrea;
Djibouti;
Somalia;
Kenya;
Rwanda;
Uganda;
Burundi;
Tanzania;
Malawi;
Zambia.

East Africa is not included in the list of regions that are rich in natural resources.

The states of this part of the continent act more as large producers and suppliers of coffee to the world market. Tea is also grown here, sisal and cotton are produced. Leather production and extraction of raw materials are developed here. Somalia and Djibouti have 1/4 of all pastures. To ensure the domestic market in the region grow:

States of East Africa

In the past, the territorial boundaries of the main part of the states of East Africa were introduced by the once-colonial powers in an arbitrary order. Natural ethnic and cultural boundaries were not taken into account. This made it much more difficult general development the whole region.

In many states, civil armed conflicts have been raging for decades. The reason for this is religious and ideological differences.
Interesting: A number of countries in East Africa in 1967 was formed Customs Union called the East African Community.

Rice. 3. Economic map of the region.

East Africa contains 17 sovereign states.

Four language groups have spread here.

East Africa is ranked among the most problematic regions of the continent. Here are common: infectious diseases, hunger, low socio-economic level of development of the population.

Most of the states of the region are once former colonies of the powers of Europe. They received sovereignty only in the 60s of the last century. The detachment of developed countries regarding the issue of investing in the economic sector of East Africa noticeably slows down progress in the economy of the entire region.

What have we learned?

From the article, we found out the features of the economic development of the region. We have established which factors have the greatest influence on the dynamics of the functioning of certain industries characteristic of East Africa. We learned when the eastern region of the continent gained independence from colonial influence on the main areas of life.

Africa is the largest region in terms of area (30 million sq. km.), which includes 54 independent states. Some of them are rich and developing, others are poor, some have access to the sea, while others do not. So how many countries are there in Africa, and which states are the most developed?

North African countries

The entire continent can be divided into five zones: North Africa, West Africa, East Africa, Central Africa, South Africa.

Rice. 1. African countries.

Almost the entire region of North Africa (10 million square kilometers) lies on the territory of the Sahara desert. This natural area is characterized by high temperatures, it is here that the highest temperature in the world in the shade is recorded - +58 degrees. The largest African states are located in this region. These are Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Sudan. All these countries are territories with access to the sea.

Egypt - the tourist center of Africa. People from all over the world come here to enjoy the warm sea, sandy beaches and infrastructure, fully suitable for a good holiday.

State of Algiers with the capital of the same name is the most big country by area in North Africa. Its area is 2382 thousand square meters. km. The largest river in this area is the Sheliff River, which flows into the Mediterranean Sea. Its length is 700 km. The rest of the rivers are much smaller and are lost among the deserts of the Sahara. In Algeria, oil and gas production is carried out in large volumes.

West African countries

West Africa washed by Atlantic Ocean from the south and from the west. Here are the Guinean forests of the tropical region. These areas are characterized by alternating rainy and dry seasons. West Africa includes many states, including Nigeria, Ghana, Senegal, Mali, Cameroon, Liberia. The population of this region is 210 million people. It is in this region that Nigeria (195 million people) is located - the most large country by population in Africa, and Cape Verde is a very small island state with a population of about 430 thousand people.

Agriculture plays the main role in the economy. West African countries are leaders in the collection of cocoa beans (Ghana, Nigeria), peanuts (Senegal, Niger), palm oil(Nigeria).

Central African countries

Central Africa is located in the western part of the mainland and lies in the equatorial and subequatorial belt. This area is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Guinea. There are a lot of rivers in Central Africa: Congo, Ogowe, Kwanza, Kvilu. The climate is humid and hot. This area includes 9 countries, including Congo, Chad, Cameroon, Gabon, Angola.

Availability natural resources The Democratic Republic of the Congo is one of the most richest countries continent. Here are the unique rainforests - the Selva of Africa, which make up 6% of the rainforests of the whole world.

Angola is a major export supplier. Coffee, fruits, sugar cane are exported abroad. And in Gabon, copper, oil, manganese, and uranium are mined.

East African countries

The shores of East Africa are washed by the Red Sea, as well as the course of the Nile. The climate in the area in each country is different. For example, the Seychelles are characterized as humid maritime tropics dominated by monsoons. At the same time, Somalia, also belonging to East Africa, is a desert where there are practically no rainy days. This area includes Madagascar, Rwanda, Seychelles, Uganda, Tanzania.

Some East African countries are characterized by the export of specific products that are not available in other African countries. Kenya exports tea and coffee, while Tanzania and Uganda export cotton.

Many people are interested in where is the capital of Africa? Naturally, each of the countries has its own capital, but the capital of Ethiopia, the city of Addis Ababa, is considered the heart of Africa. It has no access to the sea, but it is here that representative offices of all countries of the mainland are located.

Rice. 3. Addis Ababa.

South African countries

South Africa includes South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, Lesotho, Swaziland.

The Republic of South Africa is the most developed in its region, and Swaziland is the smallest. Swaziland borders South Africa and Mozambique. The population of the country is only 1.3 million people. This region is located in the tropical and subtropical climate zone.

List of African countries with capitals

Algiers (capital - Algiers)
Angola (capital - Luanda)
Benin (capital - Porto-Novo)
Botswana (capital - Gaborone)
Burkina Faso (capital - Ouagadougou)
Burundi (capital - Bujumbura)
Gabon (capital - Libreville)
Gambia (capital - Banjul)
Ghana (capital - Accra)
Guinea (capital - Conakry)
Guinea-Bissau (capital - Bissau)
Democratic Republic of the Congo (capital - Kinshasa)
Djibouti (capital - Djibouti)
Egypt (capital - Cairo)
Zambia (capital - Lusaka)
West Sahara
Zimbabwe (capital - Harare)
Cape Verde (capital - Praia)
Cameroon (capital - Yaounde)
Kenya (capital - Nairobi)
Comoros (capital - Moroni)
Congo (capital - Brazzaville)
Cote d'Ivoire (table - Yamoussoukro)
Lesotho (capital - Maseru)
Liberia (capital - Monrovia)
Libya (capital - Tripoli)
Mauritius (capital - Port Louis)
Mauritania (capital - Nouakchott)
Madagascar (capital - Antananarivo)
Malawi (capital - Lilongwe)
Mali (capital - Bamako)
Morocco (capital - Rabat)
Mozambique (capital - Maputo)
Namibia (capital - Windhoek)
Niger (capital - Niamey)
Nigeria (capital - Abuja)
Saint Helena (capital - Jamestown) (UK)
Reunion (capital - Saint-Denis) (France)
Rwanda (capital - Kigali)
Sao Tome and Principe (capital - Sao Tome)
Swaziland (capital - Mbabane)
Seychelles (capital - Victoria)
Senegal (capital - Dakar)
Somalia (capital - Mogadishu)
Sudan (capital - Khartoum)
Sierra Leone (capital - Freetown)
Tanzania (capital - Dodoma)
Togo (capital - Lome)
Tunisia (capital - Tunisia)
Uganda (capital - Kampala)
Central African Republic (capital - Bangui)
Chad (capital - N'Djamena)
Equatorial Guinea (capital - Malabo)
Eritrea (capital - Asmara)
Ethiopia (capital - Addis Ababa)
Republic of South Africa (capital - Pretoria)

Beautiful and vibrant Africa is the second largest continent in the world. More than 1 billion people live in its open spaces. And its lands are conditionally divided into 5 regions. Traditionally, the countries of Africa, the list of which consists of 62 items, belong to the following regions:

South.
Western.
Northern.
East.
And Central.

This division is due to different geographical and climatic conditions, differences in cultures and forms of government of states.

There are dependent and independent territories in Africa. There are 37 countries with access to the seas and oceans. Present (10 units). And 16 countries located in the interior of the continent.

African countries: list of states of the southern region

South Africa keeps memories of the colonization period in its memory. Nuclear weapons were developed on its territory, which the government then abandoned. It includes countries such as:

Zimbabwe;
Mozambique;
Comoros;
Seychelles;
Mauritius Island;
Reunion;
Madagascar;
Lesotho;
Botswana;
Swaziland;
Namibia.

The largest country on this earth is the Republic of South Africa (South Africa). Almost the entire population of the Southern Region lives and works there. There are 11 official languages in this territory. Ethnic composition South Africa is a diverse group of many religious communities.

The proximity of the Atlantic and the Indian Ocean make South Africa attractive for tourism. In the southern part of the continent all year round warm and humid. But the climate is temperate, so the heat is tolerated quite easily.

African countries: list of states of the Western region

The humid and windy climate of West Africa is directly dependent on the capricious trade winds. This territory consists of the following countries:

Sierra Leone;
Senegal;
Benin;
Burkina Faso;
Gambia;
Ghana;
Togo;
Guinea;
Guinea-Bissau;
Cape Verde;
Cameroon;
Mauritania;
Nigeria;
Niger;
Mali;
Liberia;
Ivory Coast;
Saint Helena.

The Western region is the birthplace of many African languages. Even today oral folklore is valued on its territory. And ceremonial dances are included in the program of every significant holiday.

The Cameroon Mountains are the natural boundary of this land in the east. In the south of the region itself, the legendary Sahara desert begins. And in the west, the natural boundary forms the Atlantic Ocean.

The Federal Republic of Nigeria a few years ago received the status of the largest oil producer. Most of the population speaks several dialects at once. 527 languages are officially recognized in this country. Among them there are 11 "dead" dialects, English and several other languages of the local ethnic group are taught in state schools.

Abuja is the Nigerian capital, chosen by the government as the most ethnically neutral place. Western region. After the completion of the main stages of construction in 1976, Abuja received the status of the main city of Nigeria instead of the overcrowded Logos.

African countries: list of states of the Northern region

significant portion Northern region occupied by the sands of the Sahara desert. The largest states of the world border on the endless sandy sea. African continent:

Sudan;
Tunisia;
Algeria;
Morocco;
Libya;
SADR;
Egypt.

mediterranean natural area considered very comfortable to live in. Therefore, there are large tourist sites of the African continent, which are known throughout the world.

The economy of this region is in better condition than in other parts of Africa. The proximity of Europe affects not only the development of the region, but also its cultural heritage.

Tunisia is the country with the most competitive economy of all African countries. About 10 million people live in Tunisia, most of whom speak Arabic. Almost the entire population of the northern state professes Islam. The Mediterranean climate makes Tunisia an important tourism sector. The culture of the country contains a wide variety of trends that are organically woven into everyday life Tunisian people.

African countries: list of countries in the Eastern region

East of the mysterious Nile, there are several countries that make up the Eastern Region. Among them are such states as:

Ethiopia;
Eritrea;
Uganda;
Tanzania;
Somalia;
Mayotte;
Kenya;
Djibouti;
Zambia;
Comoros;
Malawi.

The climate of East Africa is arid in the central regions. But on the coast, it quickly changes to tropical. Former colonists set the borders of states rather arbitrarily. Due to the fact that cultural and religious directions, the development of the Eastern region is proceeding at a very slow pace.

Kenya is not only a favorite place for tourists, but also a place that has amazing flora and fauna. In Kenya, there is a large number of reserves that are protected international organization UNESCO.

In Nairobi, the capital of Kenya, people speak English and the local language, Swahili. Long time This country was a British colony.

African countries: list of states of the Central region

In the heart of Africa are the following states:

Angola;
Congo;
Sao Tome;
Equatorial Guinea.

These countries are endowed with a subequatorial climate. Thanks to the extensive river system, it is there that you can see endless forests consisting of evergreen and deciduous trees.

The Republic of the Congo is extremely rich in minerals. This circumstance several centuries ago contributed to the emergence of the African "gold" rush in the country.

The capital of the country with an unusual name Brazzaville is quite developed in terms of education. The literacy rate of the population there reaches 82%. The economy of the state is based on oil production and agriculture. The cultural sector is represented by folk art. The trend of contemporary art is also well developed.

All countries in Africa, the list of which is given above, are considered officially recognized states. Meanwhile, many territories of the African continent have recently embarked on the path of international recognition and so far are not real states. But still they have conventions borders on some maps.

Anthropologists call Africa the cradle of civilization. According to research, human culture first appeared there. Paradoxically, in the place of origin of all living things, there are still corners where no human foot has set foot. Out of 29 million square meters only a small part is inhabited by people. The rest of the space is deserts and tropical forests. African fauna is unique. this continent is not found anywhere else.

Exploring the countries of Africa, the list of which is so diverse, it is difficult to imagine that the Sahara Desert covers an area larger than the entire territory of the United States. Also on the territory of the continent, half of all the gold in the world is mined. And the name of this part of the world comes from one of the most ancient tribes "Afri".

East Africa - Somalia

Africa is the most mysterious continent of the planet Earth, and it has not been possible to unravel its secrets for many years. The second largest continent of our planet is famous for its beauty, and one of them is Cape Ras Hafun, the easternmost point of Africa.

Which traveler has not dreamed of Africa? This is probably the most intriguing continent of the Earth with its obscurity. Those who lack adrenaline in their lives strive there, and the thirst for adventure does not allow them to sit quietly at home in front of the TV.

The large territory of Africa is not as densely populated as Europe or Asia, but at the same time there are 57 countries on the continent that are united in the international African Union, where joint political decisions are made.

Somalia is considered the largest peninsula in Africa, the state of which actually does not exist due to a long civil war, there is the easternmost point of Africa, a small peninsula, Cape Ras Hafun. If you look at the map of Africa, you can see that Cape Hafun looks like an inverted mini copy of a large continent.

Cape Ras Hafun

The flat location of the main part of the peninsula, the lack of water, as a result of which numerous vegetation, dry and hot climate does not contribute to the development of the economy. Most of the inhabitants of the peninsula are pastoralists, nomads, and the rest settled in coastal cities and engaged in fishing.

In the eastern point of Africa, on Cape Ras Hafun, which is located in the Gulf of Aden and protrudes into the Indian Ocean, the city is inhabited mainly by Ottoman Mahmuds, who are engaged in fishing and do not disdain to trade in piracy, all over the world they are called Somali pirates and they have their own laws - the main thing is loot and money, so pirates steal entire ships.

Somali local currency

The nature of the coastal regions of the Somali Peninsula, and in particular Cape Hafun, is very beautiful, the diversity of the animal world enriches the perception of the African continent and provides an opportunity for entertainment, such as a safari for tourists or hunters. Recently, European tour operators have been offering special tours called "Safari in Somalia - Pirate Hunt", which includes several yacht hijackings by pirates and the rental of weapons.

It is difficult to imagine a person who, at present and of his own free will, decides to visit the country of Somalia, in which the easternmost point of Africa, Cape Ras Hafun, is located. If you took a risk and ended up there, then stock up on the Somali currency, the Somali shilling, since it will not be possible to change your money on the territory of this African state, and paying by credit card is not in fashion there.

Element in Somalia

As means of payment in Africa, quite long time in the course of Euro and US dollars, especially in Somalia, local residents also accept Egyptian, Yemeni and even Kenyan currency for payment.

You can find Cape Hafun, as the easternmost point of Africa, by geographic coordinates on any map, if you apply these calculations - 10 degrees 25 "00 * northern latitude and 51 degrees 16 "00 * East longitude.

AT Indian Ocean off the coast of Africa, earthquakes and, as a result, tsunamis are not rare, so you need to know how to escape from the "coastal wave that brings death." Seeing a tsunami in the ocean, you have 15 to 30 minutes to run away or go deep into the continent, away from the coast. Run faster, especially if this is the coast of Ras Hafun, the easternmost point of the African continent.

Africa is considered the second largest continent on the planet Earth, and the easternmost point of Africa is located at Cape Ras Hafun. It is not difficult to visit this cape, but one must be prepared for the unexpected and not be afraid of adventure.

East Africa from A to Z. Population, countries, cities and resorts of East Africa. Map, photo and video, descriptions and reviews of tourists.

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The real, primordial and genuine cradle of mankind and, in addition, the ancestral home of Alexander Sergeevich, East Africa is a region dear to the entire 7 billion population of our planet in general and to 180 million of our fellow citizens in particular. However, such an outstanding past of the region is not the only subject of interest. There is also a whole bunch of wonderful destinations in terms of tourism for every taste: a lot of exotic animals run around, and the ocean is amazingly beautiful, and beaches with the finest loose sand are considered among the best on the planet. Therefore, East Africa is considered the second most visited region of the continent after the Mediterranean north. Among the tourist lucky ones are Zambia, Zimbabwe, Kenya, Mozambique, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda and the pearls of "island" tourism: Seychelles, Madagascar and Mauritius.

Journey through East Africa

There are two secrets of such popularity: firstly, the richest nature and, as a result, picturesque landscapes and diverse animal world, secondly, recreational wealth "for idlers", that is warm water, soft sand and sun generously gilding the skin. Let's add to this a wise policy in the field of inviting potential customers: hotel and excursion service is at a very low level. high level. Of course, along with the achievements, there are also certain shortcomings - take, for example, Somali pirates or local conflicts that periodically flare up here and there, but in general, the region can be called very attractive, hospitable and pretty.

For fans of wildlife in East Africa is a real expanse. Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda and Uganda have long ceased to be perceived as exotic and hard-to-reach corners of the planet. Every year, whole armies of tourists arrive here, ready to snap the big African five from a photo gun: rhinos, lions, elephants, buffaloes and leopards. Of course, there are enough other representatives of the animal world here - from giant mountain gorillas to handsome lemurs of Madagascar. In addition, the surrounding expanses amaze even the most daring imagination with their diversity: what are the savannahs trembling in the midday heat with rare umbrellas of acacias or the “lunar mountains” of Rwenzori, forever covered with clouds, on the slopes of which you can immediately see the vegetation of almost all climatic zones known to science.

Immersion in Tanzania

The title of the king of the beaches of East Africa is deservedly held by the Seychelles, whose lush tropical nature framed by azure water has become the inspiration for more than a dozen artists and writers. In addition, this is real earthly paradise for surfers and fishermen: the first excitedly talk about two-meter waves, the second - about two-meter tuna and sharks. And if you want to combine the tropics with amazing animals and a distinct European flair, you have a direct road to the former colonial islands - Mauritius and Madagascar.

By the way, East Africa is much calmer in the epidemiological sense than West and Central: vaccinations are forced to be done when visiting only a few countries (but insurance is still required). And in mountainous Rwanda, for example, even unpleasant bloodsuckers are almost completely absent.