A short story petka in the country. Analysis of the story "Petka in the country" Andreeva L.N.

L. N. Andreev

STORIES

Petka in the country

Ten-year-old boy Petka was apprenticed to the hairdresser Osip Abramovich. In a cheap hairdressing salon, he brings water, the owner and apprentices constantly shout and swear at him. His friend Nikolka is 13 years old, Nikolka knows a lot of bad words and often tells Petka obscene stories. The windows of the barbershop overlook the street, along which “indifferent, angry or licentious” people walk, homeless people sleep on benches, drunk people fight. Petka does not have holidays, all his days are similar to each other, his life seems to him a long unpleasant dream, he is losing weight more and more, getting sick, wrinkles appear on his face. Petka really wants to go to another place. When his mother, the cook Nadezhda, visits him, he constantly asks her to take him away from Osip Abramovich. One day the owner lets Petka go to the dacha to the gentlemen of Nadezhda. In the train, joyful Petka smiles at the passengers, wonders how the train is going, smiles at the clouds. Outside the city, Petya's eyes no longer seem sleepy, and wrinkles disappear. Having become friends with the high school student Mitya, Petka bathes a lot, fishes, plays. However, at the end of the week, Nadezhda receives a letter from Osip Abramovich, in which he demands that Petka return. Petka falls to the ground, cries, screams. The mother takes the boy to the city, and everything starts all over again. Only at night Petka enthusiastically recounts his summer adventures to Nikolka.

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Petka in the country

Option 1

There is a cry in the barbershop: “Boy, water!” And then a poisonous whisper: “Here, wait!” - for the fact that the boy is not quick enough or somehow blundered. “In this barbershop, saturated with the boring smell of cheap perfume, full of annoying flies and dirt, the visitor was undemanding: porters, clerks, sometimes petty employees ...” The boy Petka works here. He is smaller than everyone else. Nikolka is three years older, he is sometimes trusted to cut a visitor's hair easier. Nikolka puts on airs: he smokes, drinks vodka and swears. Petka is ten years old, he does not smoke, does not drink vodka, although he knows a lot of bad words. Often Petka and Nikolka sit by the window and watch the life of the street, monotonous and boring, with the only entertainment: drunken fights. Petka "would like to go somewhere else... I would very much like to." Hearing the cry: “Boy, water!”, He jumped up and served, often spilling water in a hurry. From such a life, Petka lost weight, “and bad scabs (abscesses. -Author) went on his cropped head. ... Near the eyes and under his nose, thin wrinkles cut through, as if drawn by a sharp needle, and made him look like an aged dwarf.” Petka asked his mother, the cook Nadezhda, who was visiting him to take him away from here. And Nadezhda thought, "that she has one son - and that fool." Once the mother came, talked to the owner, Osip Abramovich, and said that Petka was being released to the dacha, in Tsaritsyno, where her gentlemen live. The boy did not understand at first. He was born and raised in the city and did not even imagine that there could be so much grass, air, space. From the train window in front of him opened a mysterious and Magic world. In the first days at the dacha, Petka was afraid of the forest, grass, and the pond. “But two more days passed, and Petka entered into a complete agreement with nature.” This was also helped by acquaintance with the high school student Mitya. The boys swam, fished, climbed the ruins of the palace. “Gradually, Petka ... forgot that Osip Abramovich and a hairdresser exist in the world.” Nadezhda was glad that her son had grown fat like a merchant. “At the end of the week, the gentleman brought a letter from the city addressed to the “koufarka Nadezhda”.” Learning that her son should be sent to the city, Nadezhda began to cry. She began to pack Petka for the journey, but he did not know that he would no longer go fishing, swim, but would go to the city. Nadezhda says that maybe they will let him go: "... he is kind, Osip Abramovich." Finally, Petka realized: “paradise” is over. The boy screamed, thrashed in a fit, which surprised his mother and upset the lady. The next day he returned to the barbershop. To his mother, Petka said: “Hide the fishing rod!” Nadezhda agrees, hoping for her son's return to the dacha.
Again Petka runs with water and hears: “Here, wait!” And at night, he tells Nikolka “about the dacha, and talked about what does not happen, what no one has ever seen or heard.” And around - the usual life with swearing, drunken fights, plaintive cries.
September 1899

Option 2

Ten-year-old boy Petka was apprenticed to the hairdresser Osip Abramovich. In a cheap hairdressing salon, he brings water, the owner and apprentices constantly shout and swear at him. His friend Nikolka is 13 years old, Nikolka knows a lot of bad words and often tells Petka obscene stories. The windows of the barbershop overlook the street, along which “indifferent, angry or licentious” people walk, homeless people sleep on benches, and drunks fight. Petka does not have holidays, all his days are similar to each other, his life seems to him a long unpleasant dream, he is losing weight more and more, getting sick, wrinkles appear on his face. Petka really wants to go to another place. When his mother, the cook Nadezhda, visits him, he constantly asks her to take him away from Osip Abramovich.
One day the owner lets Petka go to the dacha to the gentlemen of Nadezhda. In the train, joyful Petka smiles at the passengers, wonders how the train is going, smiles at the clouds. Outside the city, Petya's eyes no longer seem sleepy, and wrinkles disappear. Having become friends with the high school student Mitya, Petka bathes a lot, fishes, plays. However, at the end of the week, Nadezhda receives a letter from Osip Abramovich, in which he demands that Petka return. Petka falls to the ground, cries, screams. The mother takes the boy to the city, and everything starts all over again. Only at night Petka enthusiastically recounts his summer adventures to Nikolka.

"Petka in the country"

The story "Petka in the Country" was first published in the "Journal for All" in 1899. It was based on the story of the namesake of the writer Ivan Andreev. He was considered the most fashionable hairdresser in Moscow.

The story belongs to acute social works and is often compared in criticism with the work of A.P. Chekhov "Vanka". In the center of the story "Petka in the Country" is the fate of a child from a poor family, given by a student to a hairdresser and doing the most difficult and dirty work. Andreev emphasizes the menacing look that the hairdresser Osip Abramovich throws at the boy. At times, he whispers threats that portend punishment.

The story has a circular composition. Its action begins and ends with approximately the same scene in a barbershop. Moreover, the quarter where it is located is filled with houses of cheap debauchery. Fights are constantly taking place in it, nasty words are heard, drunkenness reigns. And against the background of this wrong side of life, the childhood of the hero of the story passes in constant work. The writer does not skimp on artistic details, depicting all the vulgarity of the environment. These are the indifferent faces of dirty and strangely dressed visitors, and a picture infested with flies on the wall of a barbershop, and pictures of drunken battles, disgusting in their cruelty.

All the horror of the situation emphasizes its hopeless monotony. All days are similar to each other, like brothers. They are even more depersonalized by the same cry: "Boy, water." There are no holidays. Drawing a portrait of the hero, L.N. Andreev shows how such a hopeless life withers the soul of a child. Petka is losing weight, he has bad scabs and fine wrinkles. L.N. Andreev writes that the boy becomes like an aged dwarf.

One day, the owner lets Petka go to stay at the dacha where his mother serves as a cook, and he seems to be in paradise: he is resting, bathing, exploring the ruins of an old palace with interest. Outside the city, Petka sees for the first time a clear and wide sky, white joyful clouds that look like angels. This sky becomes a certain symbol of happiness, freedom, peace, the breadth of the world, open to the inquisitive gaze of a child. L.N. Andreev emphasizes how organic this world is for children's consciousness. The boy, who had never been to the dacha before, gets so used to the surroundings in two days that he forgets that Osip Abramovich exists in the world with his hairdresser. But happiness is suddenly cut short: the boy is told to return to his boring, exhausting duties again. The reader unfolds the true tragedy of a child who was deprived of his childhood. Petka boyishly reacts to the situation: he screams and cries. But soon the hero calms down and dutifully returns to his duties. The master and the lady sincerely pity the boy, but instead of real help, they only remember that someone in this world is living even worse now. Then they, with a clear conscience, go to the dance to have fun.

With his story, L.N. Andreev seeks to draw the attention of the progressive public to the position of children in capitalist society. After all, true humanism is not to pity the child, but to help him. Such real help the boy Sasha from the story "Angel" by the Svechnikovs, who pay for his education at the gymnasium. However, the power of artistic denunciation of cruel capitalist mores in the work is such that the conclusion suggests itself that it is possible to change the position of children in society only at the state level. Individual patrons will not solve the situation radically.

The fate of Petka can be considered typical for that time, the fate of a child from a poor family. It is no coincidence that the figure of another boy is depicted in the story - Nikolka, who is three years older than Petka. Listening to the dirty stories that Nikolka tells about visitors, Petka thinks that one day he will be the same as Nikolka. “But for now, he would like to go somewhere else,” emphasizes L.N. Andreev.

"Petka in the country" Andreev L.N. (More concisely)

One day the owner lets Petka go to the dacha to the gentlemen of Nadezhda. In the train, joyful Petka smiles at the passengers, wonders how the train is going, smiles at the clouds. Outside the city, Petya's eyes no longer seem sleepy, and wrinkles disappear. Having become friends with the high school student Mitya, Petka bathes a lot, fishes, plays. However, at the end of the week, Nadezhda receives a letter from Osip Abramovich, in which he demands that Petka return. Petka falls to the ground, cries, screams. The mother takes the boy to the city, and everything starts all over again. Only at night Petka enthusiastically recounts his summer adventures to Nikolka.

There is a cry in the barbershop: “Boy, water!” And then a poisonous whisper: “Here, wait!” - for the fact that the boy is not quick enough or somehow blundered. “In this barbershop, saturated with the boring smell of cheap perfume, full of annoying flies and dirt, the visitor was undemanding: porters, clerks, sometimes petty employees ...” The boy Petka works here. He is smaller than everyone else. Nikolka is three years older, he is sometimes trusted to cut a visitor's hair easier. Nikolka puts on airs: he smokes, drinks vodka and swears. Petka is ten years old, he does not smoke, does not drink vodka, although he knows a lot of bad words. Often Petka and Nikolka sit by the window and watch the life of the street, monotonous and boring, with the only entertainment: drunken fights. Petka "would like to go somewhere else... I would very much like to." Hearing the cry: “Boy, water!”, He jumped up and served, often spilling water in a hurry. From such a life, Petka lost weight, “and bad scabs (abscesses. -Author) went on his cropped head. ... Near the eyes and under his nose, thin wrinkles cut through, as if drawn by a sharp needle, and made him look like an aged dwarf.” Petka asked his mother, the cook Nadezhda, who was visiting him to take him away from here. And Nadezhda thought, "that she has one son - and that fool." Once the mother came, talked to the owner, Osip Abramovich, and said that Petka was being released to the dacha, in Tsaritsyno, where her gentlemen live. The boy did not understand at first. He was born and raised in the city and did not even imagine that there could be so much grass, air, space. From the window of the train, a mysterious and magical world opened before him. In the first days at the dacha, Petka was afraid of the forest, grass, and the pond. “But two more days passed, and Petka entered into a complete agreement with nature.” This was also helped by acquaintance with the high school student Mitya. The boys swam, fished, climbed the ruins of the palace. “Gradually, Petka ... forgot that Osip Abramovich and a hairdresser exist in the world.” Nadezhda was glad that her son had grown fat like a merchant. “At the end of the week, the gentleman brought a letter from the city addressed to the “koufarka Nadezhda”.” Learning that her son should be sent to the city, Nadezhda began to cry. She began to pack Petka for the journey, but he did not know that he would no longer go fishing, swim, but would go to the city. Nadezhda says that maybe they will let him go: "... he is kind, Osip Abramovich." Finally, Petka realized: “paradise” is over. The boy screamed, thrashed in a fit, which surprised his mother and upset the lady. The next day he returned to the barbershop. To his mother, Petka said: “Hide the fishing rod!” Nadezhda agrees, hoping for her son's return to the dacha.
Again Petka runs with water and hears: “Here, wait!” And at night, he tells Nikolka “about the dacha, and talked about what does not happen, what no one has ever seen or heard.” And around - the usual life with swearing, drunken fights, plaintive cries.

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A short story petka in the country. Analysis of the story "Petka in the country" Andreeva L.N.

"Petka in the country" Andreev L.N. (More concisely)

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