Sheds for giving with their own hands. Wooden canopy for giving: types of designs and selection of materials Canopy in the country to the house

Canopy structures made of shaped pipes can be found in many places: in the yards of country houses, on the territory of summer cafes, in parking lots and other public places. Their main advantage is that you can do all this with your own hands. To do this, you do not need to have special skills and knowledge, just follow the detailed instructions.

Scope of application and installation of a canopy from a profile pipe

The metal profile today has become one of the most popular and sought-after materials for the manufacture of canopies of various types and types with a polycarbonate coating, since its main advantage is a long service life. If such a building is properly looked after, then it can stand for more than a dozen years. Such canopies can be used in a variety of places:

• in car parks;
• in country private houses to create large covered areas of the territory;
• in various public places.

The scope of canopies from a metal profile is quite extensive, since they are universal structures that have a large number of different modifications.

The most popular today is the arched type of product. It is much more difficult to make it than a single or gable, but it looks very impressive. Such a canopy is built separately from the house or adjacent to its side.

When choosing the type of roof, it is necessary to take into account the fact that the snow does not linger on it, but falls freely to the ground, without creating a large load on the roof.

In addition, there are canopies of a dome, arc, pyramidal shape, as well as single-slope and dual-slope.

In addition to polycarbonate, slate or metal corrugated board can be used for roofing. Therefore, we can say that the complexity of erecting a canopy from a professional pipe directly depends on the choice of frame design and materials chosen for the roofing.

Preparatory work: drawing development

First you need to accurately determine the location of the canopy, as this is very important for choosing the material for the future structure and roofing. It is best to place them on a flat area or hill, as it will be easier to make the necessary drainage there. If you decide to build a structure in a lowland, then the collected water will "force" you to make additional storm sewers, which will entail unforeseen costs.

It is also important to make a preliminary drawing of a canopy from a metal profile. In addition to the location of the racks, it is necessary to take into account the cross section of the profile pipes. If the length of the structure does not exceed 6 m, and the width is 4 m, then for the installation of supports, you can take a pipe with a cross section of 60x60 mm. For the construction of a large structure, a pipe with a cross section of 80x80 mm is taken.

List of required tools

To make a metal canopy, you will need a certain set of tools:

• building level;
• bayonet shovel;
• apparatus for welding;
• roulette;
• rule (level);
• drill;
• Bulgarian;
• perforator;
• bolts and washers;
• profile metal pipes;
• roofing screws with special gaskets;
• building corner;
• polycarbonate, corrugated board or slate;
• cement, sand, medium gravel;
• flange.

Calculation of the required number of profile pipes

For the construction of a small shed canopy, it is necessary to make accurate calculations and draw up a preliminary drawing:

1. A canopy 6 m long should have 8 supporting metal racks. To do this, you can use a metal profile with a section of 80x80 mm. The wall thickness of the pipe should be more than 3 mm for greater structural stability.
2. One side of the structure must be higher than the second, depending on the chosen roofing material. So, for example, for polycarbonate, an angle of inclination from 20 to 25 degrees will suffice.
3. For each pair of racks, reinforcement structures called trusses must be provided. They are made of equal-shelf corners or a profile with a section of 60x60 mm.
4. The crate is welded in increments of 1 m from a metal profile pipe with a section of 40x40 mm. Such a canopy can withstand about 400 kg of snow, provided that the structure is permanently installed.
5. For the installation of racks, you will need 8 profile pipes.
6. For the roof sheathing you will need 12 profiles. In some cases, homeowners save money, install only 6 instead of 8 racks. You can also reduce the number of pipes for the crate, but experts do not recommend doing this, as this will lead to a loss of rigidity, and in the future to the destruction of the entire structure.
7. The basis of a shed canopy is a triangle of shaped pipes, which has one angle of 90 degrees. Its larger leg should be equal to the distance that corresponds to the length from the end edge of the post to the wall of the building or to the outside of the opposite post if the canopy is built far from other houses.

Do-it-yourself step-by-step instructions for making a canopy structure from a professional pipe

The sequence of work depends on the type.

Shed canopy

This design is the simplest. For its manufacture you need:

1. Install supports and fill wells. The distance between the posts should be from 1 to 1.5 m. If slate, corrugated board or natural tiles are used for the roof, then this value is 1.2 m.
2. Outline the location of the support pillars, pull the construction rope between them in a straight line. For each rack, dig holes at least 60 cm deep and 20 cm in diameter. Reinforce the pipes with special strips (heels) that are welded to the bottom of each of the pipes. They will then be completely filled with concrete, and will hold the entire structure in a vertical position.
3. Lay and compact a small layer of sand at the bottom of each hole. Then install the support strictly vertically in level, and pour concrete (mix sand, cement and gravel in a ratio of 3:1:3). After that, raise and lower the support several times so that the mixture penetrates into the internal cavity of the profile.
4. Check the vertical position of all supports with a building level, leave them until the concrete dries completely. It usually takes 3-7 days, depending on weather conditions. If you are building a canopy on an existing concrete surface, then metal racks can simply be screwed to the base, having previously welded special square plates to the bottom of the pipes.
5. Form the upper part of the shed canopy. To do this, it is necessary to weld two pipes, which are located along the legs of the structure. Then measure the hypotenuse of the truss, cut off the profile of the desired length, weld it to a certain place. If a pipe with a rectangular cross section is used, then it is necessary to mount it in such a way that it is turned upwards with its larger side, which will facilitate the fastening of the cladding.
6. Reinforce the finished hinged structure. To do this, in a metal triangle between the largest leg and its hypotenuse, weld pieces of a profile pipe.
7. Calculate and install all frame elements. To do this, weld metal strips to the smaller leg of each triangular element. In this case, the side of the frame should divide the slats into two identical parts.
8. In this frame element, make four identical holes in order to attach the canopy to the wall of the house. To do this, you will need another person who will help install the base, and mark the position of the holes for the anchor bolts. But since shed structures with corrugated board or slate are very heavy, this fastener may not be enough, so you have to install additional racks that are screwed to the wall. A shed canopy, in which the roof is made of polycarbonate sheets, is much lighter and therefore additional fasteners near the wall are not needed.
9. Polycarbonate is fixed to the roof of the canopy without removing the protective film. Using a drill, you need to drill holes in the sheets. In this case, 4 cm will have to retreat from the edge. Special thermal washers with o-rings and plugs are used. In the process of attaching polycarbonate to the roof of the canopy, you need to put a thermal washer on the drilled hole, then screw it in with a self-tapping screw, close it with a special cap with a plug. The fastener must enter strictly perpendicular to the surface of the roofing sheet. It is necessary to twist tightly, but at the same time it is impossible to overtighten, so as not to spoil the surface of the sheet.
10. All polycarbonate sheets on the roof of the canopy should be joined using a special split profile. Screw the bottom of it onto the crate before laying the roof. Fasten the cover with a toothed lock, in which the "legs" are located on two parts of the profile.
11. Then close all side cuts of polycarbonate sheets with a special perforated tape and an end profile. Thus, you can protect the air channels of the roof from dirt and moisture penetration.

Video: how to make farms with your own hands

arched structure

The construction of an arched canopy is carried out in almost the same way as a shed, but they are more aesthetic and functional.

It is quite difficult to build an arched canopy on your own, since for this you need to have special manual or electrical equipment so that you can easily bend the metal profile. At home, it is almost impossible to perform such actions.

double awnings

A gable canopy is mounted similarly to a single-sided canopy, however, there are two triangles in the structure, which are mirrored relative to each other. The roof of such a canopy is formed by two inclined planes at a certain angle.

Due to the presence of a ridge knot, this design has a more complex structure system, but it can cover a much larger area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe site.

Multi-slope canopies

Such structures are used to cover large areas such as car parks, exhibition pavilions, etc. At their core, they are a series of sequentially arranged gable structures. Here, in addition to the ridge knot, which is located at the upper points, it will be necessary to create a drainage system.

How to weld a professional pipe

In the process of carrying out any welding work, safety precautions must be observed. Also, after completion of all work, each weld must be cleaned of slag so that there are no joints. This can be done with an ordinary grinder with a special metal hedgehog nozzle.

To connect metal structures from a profile with a wall thickness of more than 3 mm, it is best to use gas welding, since an electrical analogue may simply not “pull” such an amount of work.

How to bend a metal pipe

For this, a special pipe bender is used. With it, you can easily bend various types of metal profiles. But if there is no such tool at hand, then a grinder and welding will help to cope with the task.

It is very important when bending various pipes to prevent the appearance of cracks and large kinks, which should not be in the structure of the canopy. Also, they should not be flattened. In the process of working with a manual pipe bender, considerable physical effort must be applied, so it cannot be used to bend a profile with a cross section of more than 40 mm.

External finishing of the structure

After the structure of the canopy frame is fully welded and cleaned of scale, it is necessary to degrease all metal elements before painting them. To do this, you can use a common solvent, acetone or gasoline, which must be allowed to dry. After that, you can start the priming process.

Light gray primer suitable for any type of paint. Dark is used for bright materials. White is usually used when painting a metal profile with pastel colors.

The primer will be able to protect the metal from premature corrosion, and thereby significantly extend its service life, as well as reduce paint consumption.

Video: how to make a canopy yourself

Photo gallery: finished designs from a profile pipe

Arched canopy in the form of a visor is ideal for the porch of the house The gable canopy will perfectly hide your car An arched canopy for a gazebo can be made of multi-colored polycarbonate Arched canopy can play the role of a visor at home Arched canopy is ideal for a country house Shed canopy is used for arranging park areas On personal plots, you can often find exactly a shed canopy

You can build a metal canopy from a profile pipe yourself quickly enough, without much effort, if you have the appropriate materials, drawings and the necessary tools. The simplest structure that can be erected on the territory of a country house is a shed canopy. The main thing at the same time is to follow all the rules of installation, to follow exactly the developed scheme of the project.

Wooden canopy: project

How to make a canopy: the construction process

Read also:

The project of a canopy for a summer residence

Canopy cost

Unedged board fence

background

It is worth admitting that before the implementation of such a grandiose event as the construction of a canopy for a summer residence with their own hands, these same hands had absolutely no experience in construction. Therefore, at first, the possibility of buying a prefabricated tent structure made of metal pipes and PVC sheets was considered. The only thing that scared me away was the cost, which did not at all correspond to the quality of the finished product of modern industry. Therefore, to protect from the scorching sun, a “fast” wooden canopy was created, which did not have grace and gloss, but at the same time did an excellent job with the functions assigned to it. There was one problem: the aesthetic taste did not want to put up with such a building at their summer cottage.

At a family council held on this occasion, it was decided to replace the structure in a short time. Now we share our experience on how to make a canopy for a summer residence with our own hands.

Wooden canopy: project

Rummaging through a huge amount of information on the forums made the idea of ​​\u200b\u200bbuilding a solid and complex one. So, many users, sharing their experience, scared that a canopy or gazebo without a foundation slab would last the whole season. And that they do not save on the foundation. At best, they agreed that one could confine oneself to a pile foundation, poured below the freezing depth. In our area, this depth is as much as 1.4 meters. It seemed wasteful to us to pour so much concrete into the ground, so it was decided not to make a foundation, but simply to partially bury the posts in the ground. Later this solution was slightly modified.

The project itself defined only the key nodes of the canopy, and many small amendments were made along the way. Here's what the original drawing looked like. Before making a canopy, the key features of the project were identified, taking into account the location and climatic conditions:

• the actual absence of a flood foundation,
• roof slope angle 30 degrees,
• strengthening of the roof structure,
• homemade lightfast paint.

Do-it-yourself canopy for a summer residence: the construction process

Step one: markup

The area under the canopy is quite flat, so the marking was carried out quickly. All it took was 10 pieces of rebar and twine. Right angles were set according to the "builder's rule".

Then, with the help of a garden drill, 6 holes were dug under the future supporting pillars of the canopy.

The Russian-made garden drill turned out to be of very mediocre quality. The plates for fastening the petals of the nozzles fell off almost immediately. The nozzles themselves, after a short use, had to be straightened with a sledgehammer, since, despite their thickness, they bent when working on loam and refused to burrow into the ground.

Step two: support poles

As mentioned earlier, the piled concrete foundation had to be abandoned. But burying a wooden pole in the ground, albeit protected by impregnation from decay and soil moisture, also seemed to be a very unreliable option. The solution was found on the Internet in topics about repairing wooden fence posts.

The essence of the idea is the rigid connection of a wooden pole with a metal pipe, which is buried in the ground. In this way, the service life of the canopy is extended, because the rate of rusting of metal in the ground is significantly lower than the rate of decay of wood.

There were metal pipes 60x60 available, to connect which with a 100x100 beam, the beam itself had to be cut a little in the form of the letter “T”. Thus, the section of the beam at the junction with the pipe was represented by a 100x60 rectangle. For a rigid connection of a tree with a pipe, plates 50x200x5 were used, which were pulled together with four bolts. A thrust bearing made of steel plates 100x100x5 was also welded onto the profile.

Step Three: Installing the Wood Canopy Frame

Installation of support poles

Already prepared poles were installed in holes drilled in the ground and set up vertically and horizontally. Then they dug in sand with obligatory tamping and pouring with water.

Installation of beams and rafters

It was decided to use a simple “lock” to securely fasten the beams to the supporting pillars. To do this, a quarter was cut out at the upper end of the pillar, the pillar itself was pulled together with a beam with self-tapping screws.

The installation of the rafters was carried out on the tooth. First, the template was sawn down and then pairs were prepared on the ground. After installation and additional tightening of the rafters with wooden planks, reinforcing boards were installed, which securely fastened the structure and made it possible to remove the puffs and metal plates.

Step Four: Roofing

For the roof, shingles were chosen. Firstly, because by that time a wooden canopy with our own hands had already been presented at our dacha in its final form and looked very organic at the same time. Secondly, despite the considerable cost of tiles, we saved on delivery, and the retail price of sawn timber for continuous sheathing, for example, under slate, reached the cost of OSB boards. Therefore, in the end, the roof did not cost much more than the specified material.

Installation of OSB boards

Since the wooden canopy is a low structure, and the roof slope angle is only 30 degrees, there were no difficulties in installation. The oriented strand sheet was installed on the truss system from the ground, then fixed with black self-tapping screws in increments of 30 centimeters.

Installation of flexible tiles

The instructions were included, so the installation itself also did not cause any difficulties. The mistake was made only in the calculation of the number of roofing nails. For 15 m2 of roofing, a kilogram of nails was bought with a reserve, but at the very height of the working day, the nails ended already in the second third of the roof. I had to break loose and go to the nearest hardware store for another serving. But this case taught that it is better to buy fasteners in excess, because it will not be lost on the farm anyway.

Step Five: Structural Strengthening

As mentioned earlier, the team had little experience in construction, so additions to the project were made in the course of work. So, during the installation of flexible tiles, some unsteadiness of the roof structure was discovered. Therefore, it was decided to strengthen it with the help of jibs. From the remains of a 50x100 beam, blanks were sawn out. Roofing screws 5.5x120 were used for fastening, two to the beam, one to the pole.

Step six: painting

What the construction market offered as paint for a wooden canopy:

• protective and decorative impregnations,
• acrylic and alkyd enamels,
• oil paints.

None of these options suited our conditions and requirements. Indeed, in order to speed up and reduce the cost of work, ordinary lumber of natural moisture was used. The beam was slightly dried under a canopy, but according to calculations, its moisture content was higher than the recommended 15%. This excluded the use of enamels. The beam itself was not planed, in addition, it was slightly soiled with bituminous varnish. Therefore, protective and decorative impregnations, due to their weak hiding power, also fell away.

So, we needed a paint on wet, rough, dirty wood with good coverage and durability. Only Miranol paint from Tikkurila came to mind, however, the unplaned surface suggested simply an unrealistic consumption of this paint and, accordingly, an impressive price tag.

The solution came from the distant Soviet past, namely from the Do-It-Yourself magazine. The so-called "boiled Swedish paint" was mentioned there. It was promised that it is the best suited for unplaned surfaces, does not create a film on the surface of wood, has good light fastness, and, importantly, a penny cost. The choice is made, the matter is small - to find the components for the paint. The most difficult thing was to find a pigment (iron minium) and natural drying oil.

swedish paint

And now the paint is welded, and our canopy for giving with our own hands is painted in a noble dark chocolate color. Over time, the gloss disappeared, and the wooden surface acquired a beautiful matte look of expensive acrylic enamel.

In the future, the wooden canopy will be slightly modernized into a gazebo, convenient for both rest and work.

domodelie.ru

The construction of canopies in the country

A canopy is a light and comfortable structure that provides shelter from rain and wind and creates a cool shade. Such a construction is necessary both in the courtyard of a private house and in the country. Depending on the skill and capabilities, everyone decides for himself: to buy a finished structure, to entrust the construction to specialists, or to build a canopy in front of the house with his own hands.

Choose the type of canopy

Most often, it is the functional purpose that determines how to build a canopy, choose the optimal design for it, find it on the net or draw the necessary drawings with your own hands.

Protective shelter, roofing requires many buildings in the country:

• porch or entrance group;
• car parking;
• woodcutter;
• recreation area near the house or bath;
• B-B-Q;
• pool;
• playground;
• street storage of building materials and many others.

Light openwork wood structure above a miniature outdoor stove. Can be supplemented with a waterproof awning

Wall structures

Near a private house in such a building there may be not only firewood or building materials. Here it is convenient to place household and garden equipment, equipment, to dry the gifts of nature - herbs, roots, mushrooms. On the territory adjacent to the house, you can equip a summer dining room.

If the canopy in front of the house, located on the south side, is closed around the perimeter with grapes or decorative vines, it will be possible to keep cool under it on the hottest days.

Stationary wall buildings

To get an idea for yourself how to make a canopy to the house with your own hands, you need at least sketch drawings. According to them, you can calculate the materials for racks and roofing, the number of fasteners.

Building a house with a canopy requires careful attention to the following details:

1. The structure adjacent to the cottage or private house is attached to the wall by means of a horizontal beam. It takes on part of the weight of the attached roof. Reliable fastening of this wall support and the creation of a high-quality hermetic abutment is one of the most important moments in building a house with a canopy. This work is difficult to do with your own hands alone, it is better to call an assistant.
2. The roof of the building attached to the house should be lightweight. Therefore, for structural elements (rafters, strapping), bars no thicker than 70 mm are chosen, and a board 40 mm thick goes to the crate.
3. It is advisable to equip the building adjacent to the wall of the dacha with devices for draining and subsequent drainage of rainwater. Water from the roof of the house can also drain onto the canopy, so its amount can be significant. In this case, serious storm water tanks or storm sewers are provided.

All of the above points are important to consider when building stationary canopies that protect the porch or terrace of the cottage, the adjacent territory of a private house.

Under the stationary extension on a metal frame, there was a place for garden equipment and sun loungers

The original canopy canopy over the steep staircase of the entrance group. Used artistic forging and matte milky plastic

For those who do not want to start a complex and rather lengthy construction, there is a simple solution: creating a spectacular, lightweight fabric canopy.

Lightweight collapsible structures with an awning

Tent buildings are becoming more and more popular. They are made by hand or purchased finished products in garden centers. Many manufacturers offer designs that require only assembly and fastening in place.

Canopies with the use of fabric have the following attractive properties:

• bright fabrics with water-repellent properties allow you to select and combine colors that match the overall style;
• lightweight collapsible structures can be stored indoors for winter storage;
• they are easy to operate, dust and other contaminants are removed by a jet of water;
• with the help of stylish awnings, beautiful country furniture and textiles (pillows, capes, etc.), you can completely change the design with your own hands, create a fashionable design for a summer house or courtyard of a private house.

Skillfully matched in color, the awning, garden furniture and serving details created an exquisite design for the summer outdoor dining room.

Collapsible visors that can be removed for the winter can be covered not only with fabric, but also with polycarbonate sheets. They can be colorless or tinted in various sun shades.

Free standing awnings

Now let's figure out how to make a canopy in the yard, standing apart, away from the house. Depending on the functional purpose, such buildings are made completely open or with partial or continuous sheathing of the side walls.

Open canopies intended for leisure activities, serving as a summer dining room or gazebo can be equipped around the perimeter with moisture-resistant curtains or sliding screens. They do not close the room hermetically, but protect from the wind and the scorching sun. The same function can be performed by decorative vines planted around the perimeter - parthenocissus, honeysuckle honeysuckle, species clematis.

The most common materials for building do-it-yourself free-standing canopies are wood and metal (profiled sheets). Particular attention in such buildings is paid to the stability of the base - the racks to which the roof is attached. Sufficient (at least 0.5 m) deepening of the racks and their careful backfilling with the use of crushed stone or filling the pillar pits with concrete is required.

Outbuildings in the form of sheds, designed for storing firewood, inventory, building materials, are sheathed with metal profiles, siding, clapboard. These materials are easy to use, anyone can make a sheathing out of them. When using wood for poles, rafters, and sheathing, remember to protect it from mold, rot, and insect damage. Before starting the assembly of the structure, all parts are treated with an antiseptic and painted or coated with protective compounds, such as Pinotex.

The construction of a simple wooden canopy for household needs can be done with your own hands without a partner

To build a metal canopy, you will need the ability to use a welding machine and a grinder with a cutting wheel for metal. Racks-supports, and often trusses on which the roof is mounted, are made of a round or shaped iron pipe. Metal parts that are not factory painted must be protected against corrosion with a special primer and paint.

Elegant carport on metal pillars covered with polycarbonate

Arrangement and decoration of the canopy

In order for a new building to become not only a useful room, but also a decoration of a summer cottage, you need to know not only how to build a canopy, but also how to equip it and decorate it beautifully with your own hands. If a recreation area is arranged under the shelter, there should not be an earthen floor. Even the simplest floor covering will create comfort and coziness. You can pave the room with tiles, clinker bricks, make flooring from decking or wooden boards.

If possible, it is worthwhile to conduct electricity in a light summer building. Lighting will allow you to feel comfortable in the dark, and sockets will make it possible to use kitchen and household appliances. When installing street wiring, safety standards and protection against electric shock should be taken into account.

A landscaped corner under a canopy is decorated with ampelous plants. The floor is made of clinker bricks, electricity is provided

In the case of a summer kitchen located under a canopy, you should also take care of bringing the water supply there. Then this place can become not only a barbecue area or gatherings at a samovar, but also a workshop for the production of homemade preparations.

Wooden canopies are decorated with openwork lattices and carvings. For the design of metal structures, forging elements, perforated ornaments in sheet metal are used. With the appropriate design style of the dacha, ethnic motifs are appropriate: weaving from a vine, a shingle roof, bizarre driftwood and stones, mythological sculptures.

In landscaping, you should not be limited only to climbing plants. It is worth adding bright colors of annuals planted in portable flowerpots and cascades of ampelous flowers in hanging planters.

dizainsad.ru

Do-it-yourself wooden canopies for summer cottages: design features and construction stages

In a country house, this is the place where you especially want to spend time in comfort, providing many pleasant hours in nature. Therefore, any owner tries to improve the summer cottage in such a way that nothing - neither rain, nor sun, nor wind interfere with a good rest.

A very useful addition to the exterior of the cottage will be wooden sheds that can be used for different needs. Wooden sheds for summer cottages, as seen in the photo, are a universal building. Under it, you can hide from rain and sun, put a barbecue and use it for family picnics, stop the car, saving a lot on building a garage, equip a playground and even store household equipment or firewood. Therefore, many are wondering how to build a tree canopy.

Benefits of wooden sheds

Before you make a canopy to the house, first of all you need to decide what material to make it from, what to prefer: metal or wood. At first glance, it may seem that preference should immediately be given to the metal profile. Many assume that its performance is much better than that of wood. But is it really so?

• Wooden construction is durable. Of course, wood is bio-prone to decay and, under prolonged exposure to moisture, is affected by a fungus. However, this problem has a solution - the material must be treated in a timely manner with antiseptics or applied in two layers of paintwork containing therapeutic compounds. It is also important to choose the right type of wood, then the building will last for several decades.
• A do-it-yourself wooden canopy is easy to install. To assemble wooden canopies from a bar with your own hands, unlike metal, welding is not needed. Not everyone can weld parts, while working with self-tapping screws, anchors and other fasteners is within the power of everyone. The preparation of lumber parts is also simple: the material can be easily cut, turned, sanded, and more.
• Making a wooden canopy from a simple bar will cost less than from a metal profile. And this, as you know, is the most popular version of do-it-yourself wooden awnings for summer cottages.

On a note

At the same time, it should be noted that the use of glued laminated timber or logs for construction significantly increases the cost of construction.

• We also emphasize the aesthetics of sheds around the house. Beautiful wooden awnings Please note that due to the rich texture of wood and color, additional decoration often loses its meaning.

Types of canopies to a private house with their own hands: photo

Distinguish:

• stationary structures of a wooden canopy are a separate building. For the construction of such a canopy, four wooden supports are needed.
• sheds adjacent to the house, as it were, continue the existing structure. One end of the structure practically rests on a load-bearing wall, the other is mounted on wooden poles.

One way or another, the resulting structure must fit into the architectural ensemble created by all the buildings located in the summer cottage.

Used lumber

• Ordinary bar. The material has a wide price range, depending on the wood species used in the production. Many turn to him, since an ordinary beam allows you to build a wooden canopy of any type with your own hands, both freestanding or between houses, and attached to the house. In the construction, bars of different sections are used, for example, a section of 150 by 150 is suitable for supporting pillars, and thinner ones are needed for the frame - 25 by 30.

• Glued beam. It is more convenient in construction and provides the finished structure with a long service life. Glulam owes these characteristics to its complex geometry - the result of a special technology for gluing several elements. The only drawback of the material is its high price compared to ordinary timber.
• Rounded or simple logs are used less frequently. As a rule, they are needed when designing structures made in the style of a chalet, either Ukrainian or Russian.

Optimal building dimensions

The dimensions of the structure depend on its specific purpose. To a greater extent, this concerns its foundation. For example, if it is supposed to be used as a garage, they take into account the dimensions and number of cars that will be under the roof of the future building: for one car 4 m long, the optimal parking dimensions are 5 by 2.5, for larger cars, say, a minivan - 6, 5 by 3.5.

On a note

When calculating, it must be taken into account that the linear dimensions of the base should be a couple of meters larger than the dimensions of the car.

As for the height, everything is much simpler here. The average height of the structure is not more than 2.5 m. If this value is greatly exceeded, then with a strong wind the roof may loosen, and with a high degree of probability oblique precipitation will fall under it.

We build a canopy in the country with our own hands

Initially, you need to decide what type of structure you need, whether it will be under the strong influence of various loads. For structures erected in open areas, take into account not only the load created by the snow cover and ice icicles, but also the effect of the wind.

Please note that if the roof coverage area is large enough, then with an incorrect calculation, the roof with the crate can be blown away by winds of even moderate strength.

We will analyze in stages how to build such a structure from wood.

• Foundation laying. This design is relatively lightweight, so it is quite possible to confine ourselves to a columnar or pile-screw type foundation. You can also install ready-made blocks for the foundation or arrange recesses for support pillars.

On a note

The site for the structure is recommended to be located on a slight elevation to prevent the accumulation of water from precipitation. You can also dig a drainage ditch along the sides of the base site. Upon completion of construction, it is covered with bars.

Before proceeding with laying the foundation of this type, calculate the required number of supports. Then, a hole is dug under each with a depth of at least 1 m. After installing the wooden poles for the canopy, which were previously treated with antiseptics, cut-off boards are nailed to their lower part, placing them across, and concreted.

On a note

The base itself can be finished in different ways: concreted, laid out with ceramic or paving slabs, arranged on the floor or finished in another way.

• Raising the frame. After the wooden poles for the structure are installed, it is necessary to ensure their uniform slope. To do this, install the longitudinal beams, carefully checking their horizontal position. Then truss beams are fixed on them in increments of 0.7 m. To make room for the gutter, the last of them are installed with an indent of 80–100 mm from the edge.

It is recommended to connect the wooden elements of the frame using the “half-tree” method. The essence of this technology is as follows: after a piece of half the thickness of the part is cut out in each of the bars to be joined, they are applied to each other. Thus, the total thickness of the connection will be equal to the thickness of the beam.

• Roof installation. Roofing material is laid on a crated frame. One of the most popular solutions is wooden canopies made of polycarbonate (photo below), corrugated board or wood.

in the photo do-it-yourself polycarbonate canopy from the wall of the house

• Cellular polycarbonate is affordable, easy to install and at the same time has high performance. Work on the installation of the roof comes down to measuring the frame and cutting polycarbonate sheets in accordance with the shape and dimensions obtained.

When working with cellular polycarbonate, it is necessary to ensure that the channels of the sheets during laying are located perpendicular to the ground surface. This is an important condition, since in this case the moisture that has entered the channel will evaporate freely.

Cellular polycarbonate is subject to thermal deformation. Therefore, in order to avoid cracking at the attachment points due to temperature changes, a play is left in the diameter of the holes for the fasteners. From the ingress of moisture and dust into the places of fixing the sheets, rubber gaskets are used.

• Roofing from wooden boards is treated with waterproofing compounds. This procedure allows you to extend the operational life of the roof structure for years.
• When installing a roof from a profiled sheet, the installation of sheets is performed with an overlap. They are mounted on galvanized self-tapping screws, equipped with rubber washers-gaskets. Having fixed the profiled sheet to the frame at the corners, they proceed to fixing over its entire surface.

Watch the video on how to build a canopy to the house.

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How to build a wooden canopy with your own hands - four step by step instructions

Popular wooden canopies in various versions are found in summer cottages and house adjoining areas. As a rule, home craftsmen make light temporary structures on their own, but the capital structure has to be ordered from craftsmen. Knowing the basic techniques, stages and nuances of construction, you can not be afraid to experiment and boldly take on the implementation of the project you like. Each of the proposed options will not be difficult to "adjust" to fit your size and needs.

Wooden canopy

General requirements for wooden canopies

To ensure the strength, reliability, ease of use and beautiful appearance of a wooden canopy during its construction with your own hands, you must be guided by the following rules:

1. The erection of support posts is best done from round logs (10-20 cm in diameter), profiled or glued beams (10-15 cm in section). To create a rafter system and a small visor, bars 6 * 6, 6 * 4, 5 * 5 or 4 * 5 cm are suitable.
2. The selection of roofing material is carried out taking into account the slope of the slope and the design of the truss system:
   • polycarbonate - does not weigh down the structure and is suitable for decking of various configurations;
   • corrugated board - an inexpensive option for organizing a shed and gable roof of a wooden canopy in the yard;
   • soft tile - requires a continuous crate, the material is convenient for finishing the hipped and domed roof of arbors.
3. The canopy must be sloped for rapid rainfall. The minimum overlap angle is 5-10%.
4. The dimensions of the structure are determined taking into account the functionality of the hinged structure:
   • arrangement of a place for recreation - 2 sq. m per person
   • the optimal size for decorating a gazebo with a barbecue is 4 * 6 m;
   • creation of a canopy for a car: the width of the platform is equal to the width of the car plus 1 m, the length of the platform is up to 6 m;
   • terraces attached to the house, as a rule, are made along the entire length of the adjacent wall;
   • canopies over the porch should overlap the steps by 30 cm on each side;
   • the height of any canopy in the yard made of wood is at least 2 m, optimally - 2.5 m.

Important! Before installation, all wooden structural elements must be treated with antiseptic and refractory impregnation.

Characteristics of different types of wood

Making a shed canopy at the wall of the house

Wall wooden canopies made of timber with one edge are fixed to the facade of the house, and with the other - to the supporting pillars. Some designs do not have a horizontal beam on the wall of the building. In this case, the entire load of the floor rests on the vertical supports placed at the corners of the canopy.

Wall open canopy

Development of a drawing and preparation of materials

When designing a single-slope structure, it is necessary to schematically display the main parameters:

• the width of the projection of the roof on the ground, taking into account the overhang over the strapping beam of 30 cm;
• slope angle;
• the height of the rafters at the top (2.9 m) and bottom point;
• the length of the supporting pillars, taking into account the recess in the foundation, is at least 0.5 m;
• the installation step of the support beams is about 2.5 m;
• rafter spacing - 60 cm.

Based on the design sketch, the material consumption is calculated. To create a wooden canopy in the country with your own hands, you will need:

• bars for racks - 90 * 90 mm;
• wall bearing beam - 50 * 150 mm;
• boards for rafters - 50 * 150 mm;
• polycarbonate sheets.

Scheme of a single-sided canopy

Calculate the roof area for polycarbonate sheathing as follows:

1. Draw a triangle: one leg is the length of the canopy, the second is the difference between the heights of the structure near the wall and at the end of the roof.
2. Using the Pythagorean formula, determine the hypotenuse - this will be the width of the canopy.
3. Knowing the parameters of the roof, it will be possible to calculate its area and calculate the consumption of polycarbonate.

Before making a canopy, wooden elements must be prepared:

1. Lay out the lumber and dry it in the shade for five days.
2. Clean the surface of the wood with a grinder or sandpaper.
3. Treat beams and boards with bactericidal impregnation. After drying, the wooden elements are ready for installation.

Installation of the carrier beam and vertical racks

Procedure:

1. On the wall of the house, apply markings for mounting the beam.
2. Fix the bearing support along the entire length with self-tapping screws to the wall.
3. To strengthen the structure of the beams, you can make a beam-holding mechanism in the form of a triangle.

Fixing a horizontal support beam

Installation of support posts under canopies from boards and logs is carried out in three ways:

• fixing the beam directly into the formwork;
• using formwork and thrust bearing;
• by fixing the thrust bearing to an existing concrete or wooden base.

The choice of option depends on the massiveness of the structure and the existing foundation. For a small canopy, the first method is suitable:

1. Dig holes for the support bars 90 cm deep.
2. Fill the pits with crushed stone by 10-20 cm.
3. Cover the lower part of the beam-pillar with roofing material.
4. Install the posts, level them and pour concrete.
5. Fix the support beams with boards and leave for a week until the foundation is hardened.

The construction of the truss system and battens

Fastening the beam to the supporting posts can be done in different ways: by reinforcing the truss structure with diagonal bars, fixing with long screws or metal plates.

High reliability is provided by a combination of several methods:

1. Cut grooves in the racks.
2. Insert the carrier beam into the groove and secure with fasteners.
3. When the support is installed along the entire length of the canopy, mount the corner jumpers.

Installation of the crate under the canopy

The construction of the crate:

1. Apply markings for cutting grooves on the bars under the crate.
2. At the edges of the boards, prepare holes about 4 cm deep.
3. Put the bars on the supporting beams.
4. Fix the installation with metal corners.

Applying sealing tape to polycarbonate

Fastening roofing material

Consider step by step how to build a wooden canopy using polycarbonate. To fix the roofing material, thermal washers with self-tapping screws, connecting and trimming profiles are used.

Operating procedure:

1. Cut the polycarbonate plastic so that the joints of the sheets fall on the crate. The cut is made between the stiffeners.
2. Stick sealing tape on the ends of the canvases.
3. At the points of attachment to the carrier beam with a drill, make holes in 30-40 cm, the distance to the edge is 4 cm.
4. To the wooden frame, polycarbonate is fixed through the seal with self-tapping screws with a washer.
5. The second sheet is connected to the first one by means of a connecting strip placed along the roof lathing.
6. Finishing corners is done with corner profiles.

Fastening polycarbonate through profiles

Some leave the roof open and plant loaches near the site, which grow and create a natural tent. Photos of open wooden canopies to the house clearly demonstrate the attractiveness of the design.

Four pole pergola for patio

Pergola is a spectacular decoration and a practical element of landscape design. You can build a simple model with a flat roof from inexpensive materials: pine beams and beams. Consider the technology of creating a canopy under the patio with dimensions of 2.6 * 3 m.

Necessary materials and tools

Before you make a wooden canopy with your own hands, you should assess the condition of the site and decide on the installation site. It is advisable to lay out the area under the patio in advance with paving slabs, natural stone or decking boards. You can equip a canopy on the country lawn.

Pergola in the garden

To make a pergola you will need:

• 4 beams 100 * 50 mm, 4 m long - horizontal bearing supports for attaching the crate;
• 9 beams 100 * 50 mm, 3 m long - for the crate;
• 4 beams 100 * 100 mm, 3 m long - supporting vertical beams.

To work at hand you need to have:

• electric jigsaw or hand circular saw;
• drill and drill bits for wood;
• chisel and hammer;
• level, cord and plumb;
• square, tape measure and pencil;
• means of milking wood processing;
• Portland cement brand M-400 - 4 bags;
• fasteners (nuts, bolts and washers).

Marking the area for the installation of support racks

Fixing racks and assembling the roof

Pergola assembly sequence:

1. On the site with pegs and a rope, mark the location of the support bars according to the dimensions of the future canopy. You should get a rectangle 2.6 * 3.0 m. Check the evenness of the diagonals.
2. At the marked points, drill holes under the bars with a depth of 50 cm.
3. Prepare beams and beams:
   • cut the edges of the vertical supports obliquely, measuring 5 cm in width and 12 cm in length;
   • cut horizontal beams in the same way;
   • at the ends of the bars under the crate, prepare spikes measuring 9 * 5 cm;
   • treat the wood with protective impregnations and paint with paintwork materials.
4. Install the support beams in the pits and align them in height with a level and a cord.
5. Pour the wells with cement mortar and leave it to fully set.
6. Mount the horizontal beams on the shelves of the supports so that they protrude beyond the edges by 40 cm. Drill holes through and fasten with screws and nuts.
7. Apply markings for the arrangement of nine transverse beams
8. Fasten the crossbars with long screws.

Crossbar fastening

Pergola decor elements

Strongly climbing plants are suitable for shading the canopy: grapes, hops, wisteria, clematis, actinidia, Chinese magnolia vine and wood pliers.

Pergola with young vineyard

To hide from the scorching sun, the pergola is covered with a fabric tent on top, and the sides are decorated with a thick curtain. For comfortable evening gatherings, lamps are installed.

Fabric awning on pergola

Pergola lighting in the evening

A patio with a canopy is designed as a seating area. It is appropriate to use soft sofas, poufs, armchairs, pillows and hammocks. Textiles and flower pots give special comfort.

Bright design of the pergola in the yard

Creating a multifunctional gable canopy

When building a canopy made of wood for a large area, it is advisable to install a gable roof. The building can be used as a parking lot, a summer kitchen or an open warehouse.

Preparatory measures: design calculation

The dimensions of the awning are determined based on its functional purpose and the area of ​​​​the site. When creating a parking lot, it is necessary to take into account the dimensions and number of cars, when building a wooden canopy over the barbecue with your own hands - the size of the barbecue, the need for a chimney and placement of additional furniture on the site.

Two-slope canopy for barbecue

An example of calculating the design for 9 * 7.5 m:

1. The plane of each slope is 5 * 7.5 m, that is, the total roof area is 75 square meters. m.
2. Supports - wooden beams mounted on concrete formwork and thrust bearings. The diameter of the concrete pillars is 30 cm. Each support is able to withstand a weight of 1 ton. Taking into account the snow loads of the region and the gravity of the roof, under a canopy of 68 square meters. m will need to install 8 supports.
3. The immersion depth of concrete supports is 1.5 m.

Installation and commissioning technology

The order of work can be divided into the following stages.

Stage 1. Installation of supports:

1. Make holes with a hand drill or drilling rig.
2. From paper pipes, make formwork for poles, rising 40 cm above ground level.
3. Prepare concrete and pour columns.
4. Insert brackets with a section of 15 cm into the "fresh" concrete.
5. After 3 weeks, fix the prepared bars in the support posts.

Fastening support bars to concrete formwork

Stage 2. Structural tying:

1. On the racks, fix the beams of the carrier strapping (double boards 30 * 4 cm). Bolts are suitable for fixing - 1 cm in diameter.
2. Add a second carrier board, tighten all parts with bolts.
3. Make reinforcement - fix the braces from the bars 10 * 10 cm.

The upper trim of the canopy structure

Stage 3. Rafter system:

1. Assemble the roof trusses in the form of a triangle from boards 10 * 4 cm. It is better to do the work on the ground.
2. Install intermediate veins from the board - this will ensure the rigidity of the system.
3. Fasten the trusses to the supporting beams every 80-90 cm.

Scheme of the truss system of a gable roof

Stage 4. Roof sheathing:

1. Finish the ends of the roof with a board or plywood.
2. Lay OSB sheets 1.2 cm thick on the farm.
3. Attach waterproofing material.
4. Cover the roof with corrugated board or metal tiles.

Sheathing flooring with roofing material

Stage 5. Installing a drainage system:

1. Attach the hook-holders along the perimeter of the flooring, providing for a slope towards the drainage system. Installation step - 50 cm.
2. Mount the pipe on the holders.
3. Cut a gutter at the drainage site and install a funnel.
4. Use the elbow to set the direction of the pipe.
5. Mount clamps on pipe joints.

Gutter system

Assembly diagram of a simple canopy over the porch

The easiest way is to make a wooden canopy over a gable type porch with your own hands. First of all, measurements are taken and transferred to the drawing. Schematically it is necessary to display:

• visor depth;
• slope length;
• the width of the crossbars;
• the distance between the lower points of the two slopes.

Visor scheme

Assembly sequence:

1. To make rafter corners from beams, the ends of which are beveled at 45 °.
2. Assemble vertical support structures from two perpendicularly spaced beams and jibs.
3. Fix the load-bearing beams to the wall on the sides of the porch.
4. Attach rafters to the wall above the front door with an emphasis on vertical bars.



DIY simple sliding gates in the country

A canopy is a simple type of structure, the main task of which is protection from sunlight and precipitation. The value of a canopy for a country house is very large, so it is important to know whether it is possible to install it yourself, what types of structures are available and what materials are used to create it. It is worth noting that they can be both small and large-scale, used to protect the entrance to a house or car, and so on.

Canopy for a summer residence: classification and types

Before you start building a canopy, you need to find out for what purposes it is needed, whether it is used continuously or only in the summer. Based on this, choose the materials and type of construction that best suit the needs of the homeowner. In general, all canopies can be divided into two categories:

• Capital construction - durable and wear-resistant materials with a long service life are used for construction.
• A seasonal canopy is a lightweight and simple structure that can be quickly dismantled at the end of the summer season.

Also, based on the type of construction, sheds can be separate or created as an extension to the country house. Separate canopies are often used for outbuildings, protecting a car or firewood from snow and rain. Some craftsmen equip a canopy for a small gazebo, so you can enjoy nature there or fry kebabs, gathering everyone under one roof in the fresh air. If the canopy is attached to the house, then it is often done on the south side, later a terrace is installed under it.

Supports for the structure can be metal or wooden. It is important to choose a roofing material, among the most popular options for roofing:

• Slate.
• profiled sheet.
• Tiling.
• Textile.
• Polycarbonate.
• Reeds.

Capital canopies for summer cottages, created for the year

Such a design should be used year-round, the period of its operation can be up to 50 years. In this regard, it is necessary to carefully approach the organization of the canopy and its creation. The supports are reliably concreted, after which they are combined with the roof to create reliable protection from the sun, wind, snow and rain. For the construction of a canopy, it is necessary to use materials that can last a long time.

metal awnings

To create a roof, you can use a durable and reliable metal material - a profiled sheet, which is considered the best option for creating a high-quality canopy. This material does not transmit light and creates a good shadow, however, like any metal, it quickly heats up in the sun, so it is not advisable to use it on the south side of the country house. A canopy made of profiled sheet is the best option for protecting a car, firewood and other household needs.

For the frame, corners or steel pipes are needed to increase the rigidity of the structure. Before buying a material, you need to know about its characteristics. Modifications of corrugated board are determined by the thickness of the steel sheet and the height of the corrugation, in general, the higher these indicators, the stronger the structure. The best option for a canopy is a bearing or wall profiled sheet, the thickness of which is not less than 0.8 mm, and the height of the corrugation is not less than 35 mm. If you use a thinner material, it can bend and quickly begin to leak.

Metal tile is an attractive material that combines strength and long service life. The canopy looks original if the roof of the cottage is also made of metal tiles, which creates a single picture. The thickness of the metal should be no less than 0.5 mm. If you use a thinner metal, then the period of operation of the canopy can be drastically reduced.

For roofing work, you need to remember that metal tiles can only be installed on a wooden crate, the details of which need to be pre-impregnated and treated with antiseptics. For fasteners, you need to use self-tapping screws, which are installed in a checkerboard pattern, the fastening frequency is through the wave. All sheets must be overlapped, otherwise the structure may be torn off by the wind.

Modern polycarbonate awnings

Recently, the option of creating a canopy made of polycarbonate has become very popular. The reason for the popularity is an attractive appearance, light weight construction and long service life. The material transmits light, easily covers large areas, providing comfortable conditions and reliable protection from the negative effects of the environment.

Polycarbonate is a flexible material, so it can be used to create canopies of the original form, for example, arched roofs. The standard sheet length is from 6 to 12 meters, the cutting step is 1 meter. Combine sheets into a solid surface using a connecting profile. For supports, metal corners are used; for overlapping, a galvanized profile is used. If the roof is commensurate with the length of the sheet, then installation work is greatly simplified.

Seasonal awnings made of fabric or tarpaulin

A tarpaulin is the best option for creating a seasonal canopy in a summer cottage, as it retains the sun's rays and precipitation well, and at the same time it has a low cost. The finished canvas can be bought at any hardware store, and special holes with metal eyelets will simplify installation.

Installation steps:

• Under the roof, a wooden bar (section - 50 * 50 mm) is attached to the wall with dowels, the length of the bar depends on the size of the canopy.
• On the opposite side, wooden poles are dug into the ground, the height of which is lower than the height of the installed bar (it is necessary to create an angle of inclination of the coating so that rainwater rolls off it).
• Between the pillars and the wall of the country house, using self-tapping screws, 3 support rails are installed, due to which a square of the future roof is created.
• Installation of a tarpaulin, the edges of which are knocked out with a construction stapler to the beam, after which they are pressed with a narrow rail and self-tapping screws. The free edges of the canopy are tied through the holes to the support rails.

Also, instead of a tarpaulin, fabric awnings or awnings can be used, but they are more common in southern regions with little rainfall. The fabric will reliably protect from the sun, creating a pleasant shade, while letting in fresh air. Using fabric with special impregnation, you can create comfortable conditions and a reliable canopy for a minimum of money.

A canopy near the house is an extremely practical thing. Under it, you can park your car, gather with friends for a cup of tea or cook barbecue on a rainy day. At the same time, its device does not require large investments, if the materials are properly matched. How to make a canopy with your own hands and at a minimum cost, and will be discussed in the article.

Do-it-yourself canopy - how to make the right choice

So, if the goal is to build a cheap, good canopy, you should choose the right place and choose the materials. The lack of hired labor also significantly reduces the cost of the process.

The choice of building materials - which is better

Not only the final price will depend on the choice of material, but also the ease of construction, as well as the appearance. So, the most common materials for the frame:

As a roofing for a canopy, they often use:

Choosing a place for a canopy - how to save on supports and roofing

The best option for a budget canopy is to make it adjacent to the house. In this case, only two or three support posts are required - it all depends on the size of the cross beam and the material. So, for a beam with a section of 75x75 mm, the distance between the uprights should be about a meter. In this case, the transverse beam can not be used, resting the rafters directly on the pillars.

If a beam with a cross section of 150 cm or more is used, only two corner posts can be installed. A transverse bearing beam is installed on them, and rafters are already attached to it. With their other side, the rafters are attached to a support beam, previously fixed on the wall of the house.

In addition, a canopy attached to the house is better protected from the wind. If the canopy is made freestanding, you need to take into account the direction of the wind - the lower edge of the shed roof should be located on the leeward side. And this is not always convenient, especially if you plan to put a car under it. A gable roof is much more reliable and practical in this case, but a more complex truss system will be required.

The device is a simple shed canopy

A universal canopy, under which you can place a gazebo or park a car under the house, is built in several stages:

• installation of supporting pillars;
• installation of the truss system;
• roofing device;
• paving slabs.

Installation of canopy racks

Poles, regardless of the material chosen, are installed in pre-dug holes 1.5 m deep and 10 cm in diameter larger behind the posts. A layer of sand or gravel 20 cm high is poured onto the bottom and poured abundantly with water - for tamping.

The bottom of wooden and metal racks is treated with bitumen or wrapped with roofing felt - to protect against moisture. Racks are installed strictly vertically and poured with concrete.

If asbestos-cement pipes are selected, reinforcement is placed inside and concrete is poured to the entire height of the pipe. To remove air, in the process of pouring another reinforcement rod, the solution in the pipe is constantly mixed. In the upper part of the racks, you can immediately embed the pins to which the upper harness will be attached.

A support beam is attached to the wall of the house. It must be above the level of the posts to provide the slope necessary for the snow to roll. The beam is attached to wooden walls with self-tapping screws, to brick walls - with dowels in pre-made holes.

Features of the device truss system

The pitch of the rafters is calculated depending on the selected roofing. It is very convenient to use special programs for this. There are also pivot tables that allow you to approximately select the distance between the rafters.

One end of the rafters is attached to a support beam on the wall. You can use two options - to make grooves in the beam, where to insert the rafter leg and fix it with metal corners, or with the help of special fasteners.

The second end rests on the upper strapping of the racks. Given the small weight of the roof, they are also fixed with metal corners. But on heaving soils, uneven subsidence of the racks and the whole house is possible, which will lead to deformation of the canopy. Therefore, for all extensions, it is recommended to use a movable connection of rafters with strapping.

Roof device

The canopy does not require insulation and waterproofing. Almost all roof coverings are attached to a sparse crate. The exception is soft tiles, which need a continuous crate and waterproofing of OSB sheets. But the corrugated board can be laid immediately on the rafters. Sheets are laid across the rafters with an overlap, and fastened with self-tapping screws.

Paving slabs

If you plan to use the shed as a parking space, you can pave the track with paving slabs. This will prevent dirt from forming in rainy weather, but will keep more greenery around the house.

The tile is laid on a solid sand cushion and compacted with a rubber mallet.

How the metal canopy was made next to the fence is described in the video:

Sometimes the farm may need a large wooden shed measuring 6 by 20. This can be a shed for parking several cars in order to close the production site or the storage of building materials. Sometimes it can be just a canopy attached to the house and stretching along the entire wall in order to simultaneously close the passage, driveway, parking lot, recreation area or equipment storage area. If the canopy is attached to the house, then the most convenient roof structure with such dimensions is a shed.

Book a canopy?

We make canopies from polycarbonate and glass.
At prices there are promotional carports - turnkey carport 3.6 x 6.3 = 63.000 rubles!!!
carport for 2 turnkey cars 5.7 x 6.3 = 128.000 rubles!!!

A canopy, even of this size, is not the most complex structure, but it necessarily requires an accurate calculation. to create an effective slope angle and choose the best roofing material so that it does not break in winter under the weight of snow. The supporting frame must survive any storms characteristic of the region, otherwise, if errors were made in the calculations, it may simply collapse.

The choice of building material

To create a solid and reliable structure of this size, you will have to spend money on structural elements. You will need:

1. Support pillars with a cross section of at least 150 by 200,

2. beams of the same section (their number depends on the length, the beams will have to be spliced),

3. rafters with a section of at least 100 by 150, preferably 200 by 100, depending on the snow load of the region. The step between the rafters must be calculated based on the material of the roof. If a polycarbonate roof is planned, then the step should be made more frequent, 0.7 m. When covered with a profiled sheet, the step can be increased.

The minimum slope of the slope should be at least 12 degrees, and preferably more, so that the snow calmly descends from the roof. Roofing material must also be taken according to financial capabilities, preferably not rough, so that it does not slow down the sliding of snow.

A minimum slope is created by building walls opposite each other of different heights. For example, to create a slope of 12-13 degrees, the length of the supports should correspond to 3.7 m at the point of attachment to the house and 2.6 m at the bottom of the opposite row.

Support device

When marking the site for a canopy, it must be taken into account that the removal from the outer side of the roof should be equal to 20 cm. Based on this, along the wall to which the canopy will adjoin and, on the contrary, the installation sites of the supporting pillars are marked. For example, you can take a step between the pillars of 3 meters. Concrete foundations must be poured under the supporting pillars. The support post can be immersed in concrete, having previously treated it with anti-rotting impregnations and wrapping it with dense polyethylene. You can use embedded parts - anchors. Anchors can also be dismantled and sunk directly into concrete. To create a concrete base, a pit 90 cm deep is enough.

The supports are screwed to the anchors with anchors. First, a row is mounted near the wall of the house. Then the second outer row of supports is installed. The supports must be installed strictly opposite each other, strictly vertically and aligned to the required height, taking into account the planned slope. That is, the supports near the wall should be higher than the outer ones.

Frame device

Supporting horizontal beams are attached to the supporting pillars. You also need to start work from a row away from the wall.

The beams are laid on the supporting pillars, spliced ​​together with metal plates. After the horizontal is checked by the level, the beams are fastened with self-tapping screws to the supporting pillars and with the help of fasteners to the wall of the house.

To create a more durable structure, on the opposite side, the beams are additionally reinforced with spacers in both directions at an angle of 45 degrees from each support column. The spacers are also fastened with self-tapping screws.

You can mount the crossbars with self-tapping screws, or you can use metal mounting brackets. Beams are mounted first from the edges, then in the center, then the rest.

The offset should be at least 20 cm. Lastly, an end board is stuffed onto the ends of the boards.

For greater strength, you can strengthen the extreme beams with rafter legs. To do this, a beam is attached to the supporting pillars from the side of the wall at the level of the end of the pillars of the opposite side at an angle of 45 degrees, which will hold the rafters and roof in winter, with excess snow weight.