When to plant bell pepper for seedlings: a complete calculation algorithm for any year. When to plant pepper for seedlings: features of planting, growing and care When you can plant pepper in February

Almost every owner of a personal plot grows tasty and healthy peppers in his garden. Since these heat-loving vegetables grow and ripen for a long time, their seeds are sown for seedlings in February or March. Before planting in the ground, seedlings should grow and develop at home for at least two months. In order for friendly seedlings to appear and good seedlings to grow, many gardeners plant pepper seeds according to the lunar calendar on certain dates and take care of the plants according to all the rules. We will describe in detail the timing of planting in 2019 and the nuances of caring for seedlings of vegetables in our article. Follow the dedicated link and you can find out when and how to plant and grow these vegetables and flowers.

Ground yielding seeds should be sown during the waxing moon. Since peppers are precisely such plants, it is not recommended to sow them on the days of the Full Moon and New Moon.

According to the lunar calendar, planting peppers for seedlings in 2019 should be carried out on the following dates:

1. January: 10th, 11th, 18th, 31st.
2. February: 1, 2, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 24 (these are the most favorable days). Just favorable days for landing - February 13, 14, 16, 17, 18.
3. March: 3, 4, 10 to 14, 17, 26.
4. April: 2, 3, 4, 9, 13, 16, 25.

You should refrain from sowing on the following days:

• January: 6, 21;
• February: 3 to 5, 19 and 20;
• March: 5, 6, 21 and 31;
• April; 5, 19.

How to plant peppers?

Before planting peppers for seedlings, it is necessary to prepare seeds and soil.

seed processing

Experienced summer residents advise soaking the seeds before sowing, as this procedure speeds up the emergence of seedlings.

Soaking Pepper Seeds:

1. Planting material is placed for 5-6 hours in water with a temperature of +50 degrees. Seeds should swell in warm water.
2. After that, the seeds are wrapped in gauze or a cloth, soaked for 2-3 days in water with a temperature of about +20 degrees.
3. When the seeds hatch, they can be used for sowing.

Soil preparation

Soil for seedlings can be bought at a specialized store or prepared independently. For this you need to prepare:

• garden humus - 2 parts;
• garden soil - 1 part;
• sand - 1 part;
• a few tablespoons of wood ash.

All ingredients are thoroughly mixed. To destroy fungal spores and pest larvae in the soil, it is recommended to sterilize it in a microwave or oven before use. The hot soil mixture is laid out in seedlings and allowed to cool.

Sowing seeds

Pepper seeds should be planted to a depth of 1.5-2 cm with a distance of 5 cm from each other. Crops are watered with warm water from a spray bottle and covered with foil or glass from above. Seedling boxes are placed in a warm place where the air temperature is not lower than +21 degrees.

Since pepper seedlings do not tolerate a pick, many gardeners plant seeds in peat or disposable small cups.

Growing seedlings of pepper

At home, the emerging shoots are placed in a well-lit place without direct sunlight. The air temperature should be around +26…+28 degrees during the day. At night, plants need colder conditions and temperatures within + 10 ... + 15 degrees.

The soil in the seedlings should be moderately moist at all times. In no case should it be allowed to dry out, otherwise the still small and weak seedlings will wither. However, the soil should not be too wet. In dampness, plants often get sick with a "black leg" and quickly die. For irrigation, only settled warm water is used.

To prevent seedlings from stretching, she may need additional artificial lighting. Light day for peppers should last from 7 am to 9 pm.

In a room with dry air, young plants can be affected by pests. To prevent this, seedlings are recommended to be sprayed daily with settled water.

Picking should be done when two true leaves appear on the shoots. From seedling boxes, plants are transplanted into disposable containers (cups) or peat pots. The size of the cups should be approximately 8x8 cm.

The seedlings are pre-watered and after about an hour, with the help of a fork or a special small spatula, together with a clod of earth, they are transferred to a pot. Seedlings should be buried to the cotyledon leaves. Plants are watered and exposed to a dark place from the sun.

With proper transplantation and care, seedlings quickly take root in a new container and grow well. Two weeks after picking, peppers are fed with special fertilizers for seedlings. You can use Fertika Lux, Krepysh, Mortar, Agricola. Re-feeding is carried out two weeks after the first.

10-14 days before planting peppers in open ground, plants begin to harden. To do this, they are taken out every day to an open balcony or plot in the garden. The air temperature should not be lower than +13 degrees. Seedlings should not stand in a draft and should not be exposed to direct sunlight. On the first day, the duration of the plants in the fresh air should be no more than an hour. Every day, the time the seedlings stay in the new conditions increases.

Planting peppers in a greenhouse

If your site has a greenhouse or hotbed, and you have grown greenhouse varieties of peppers, then when the seedlings reach the age of at least 55 days and grow to a height of 25 cm, they can be planted. At this time, each plant should already have at least 12 leaves and formed buds in their axils.

When to plant peppers in a greenhouse? The landing time depends on weather conditions. Land for planting should warm up to a temperature of +15 degrees. Therefore, in Siberia, the Urals and other not very warm regions, vegetables are planted in a greenhouse no earlier than May 15th.

The soil before planting is fertilized with potash-phosphorus fertilizers and watered abundantly.

Planting scheme for peppers:

1. Row spacing should be 35 to 60 cm.
2. Low-growing early ripe varieties are planted at a distance of 15 cm from each other.
3. The distance between medium-sized plants should be 25 cm.
4. Vigorous bushes are planted with a distance of 35 cm from each other.

Plantings are watered, and the soil around them is compacted and sprinkled with peat.

Planting pepper in the ground

Many summer residents grow varieties of peppers that grow well in open ground. They are planted in the ground when the weather is warm outside and frosts have passed. This usually happens in late May - early June.

You can plant peppers after cucumbers, pumpkins, onions, carrots, zucchini, green manure. After physalis, pepper, tomato, potato and eggplant, peppers cannot be grown.

Bed preparation:

1. In autumn, when digging, organic fertilizers (5 kg per 1 sq. M) and potassium with phosphorus (50 g per 1 sq. M) are applied to the garden.
2. In spring, the soil is fertilized with ammonium nitrate (40 g per 1 sq. M).
3. A few days before planting, the soil is disinfected with copper sulfate (1 tablespoon per bucket of water).

Holes for planting peppers are made with a distance of 40 to 50 cm. The distance between rows should be at least 60 cm. A spoonful of mineral fertilizer is added to each hole, which is mixed with the soil.

Watered plants, together with a clod of earth, are taken out of pots and placed in prepared holes. If the seedlings grew in peat pots, then they put everything together in a hole. The roots are covered with earth and watered well. It is necessary to ensure that the root neck of the plants is on the same level with the surface of the earth. The soil around the plantings is covered with mulch in the form of peat.

In some regions, at night until mid-June, the temperature can be below +13 degrees. Peppers like higher temperatures, so it is recommended to cover them at night.

Now you know how and when to plant peppers for seedlings. The future harvest of healthy and tasty sweet peppers depends on the correct sowing, planting and care of seedlings.

As a rule, the summer season does not begin with the arrival of heat and not in the country, but also at home, on the windowsill. So, already at the end of January, summer residents begin to actively purchase seeds of flowers and vegetables, among which, of course, pepper is a crop that is grown by almost all vegetable growers. And now February comes, it is already possible to sow some flower crops (for example, the same petunias), and many gardeners begin to ask: “When can I start sowing pepper so that the seedlings have time to get stronger enough by the time they are planted in a permanent place in open ground or in greenhouse?"

When choosing a date for sowing tomato seeds for seedlings, several important points (factors) should be taken into account:

• climatic features of the region of residence;
• the place where you will grow pepper, where you will plant seedlings - outdoors or greenhouse.

By the way! It is logical that it is possible to plant in a greenhouse earlier (for 1-3 weeks) than in open ground.

• seedling period, or rather the necessary seedling age before landing in the ground.

There is another factor that many gardeners take into account when choosing the time to plant seeds for seedlings. it Moon phases, which can both positively and negatively affect the growth and development of the plant. Really, moon calendar can help you decide on specific auspicious dates for planting sweet peppers and prepare in advance.

Note! If you sow the seeds too late, then the plant will begin to bear fruit late, so you can corny not have time to harvest a full crop. On the contrary, if too early, then the seedlings will simply outgrow your containers, the lower fruits will begin to tie in it, and in the conditions of early spring this will lead to the depletion of plants due to lack of nutrition and light.

Video: when to plant pepper seedlings in 2019

How to independently calculate the sowing time

Depending on the ripening time (from germination to technical ripeness), sweet bell pepper varieties and hybrids can be divided into:

• early ripe - 90-120 days;
• medium - 120-140 days;
• late - 140-150 days or more.

Thus, depending on the duration of ripening of a certain variety, experts recommend planting pepper seedlings in a permanent place in the ground at a certain age:

• early - 55-65 days;
• medium - 65-70 days;
• late-ripening - 70-80 days.

• (0-3 days);
• duration of emergence of shoots (4-10 days);
• recovery after (10 days);
• the appropriate age of seedlings (on average - 60-70 days).

Total: 77-90 days, that is, on average, the seedling period for pepper should be about 2.5-3 months.

Specific approximate sowing dates can be calculated depending on the climatic zone (using the countdown method, i.e. from the estimated date of planting, you subtract the resulting amount), namely, when in your region it becomes possible to plant pepper seedlings on a garden bed (in open ground or a greenhouse ). More on this later.

Advice! On the back of each package of seeds, as a rule, there is an instruction that gives general information on growing, as well as recommendations on the timing of sowing seedlings of this variety (hybrid) of pepper.

Depending on the climatic conditions of the region

When choosing the timing of planting seedlings, one should take into account the peculiarities of the climate of the region, since pepper is a very heat-loving crop and premature planting in a permanent place can lead to its death (in case of return frosts).

Thus, the approximate timing of sowing pepper seeds for seedlings, depending on the region and its climate:

Southern regions

Naturally, you can start sowing pepper as soon as possible in the South of Russia - from the beginning of February, in order to plant it already in the 2-3rd decade of April.

Middle lane (Moscow region)

The optimal time for planting pepper seedlings in the Middle lane (Moscow region) is the second half of February-early March, to be planted in the ground in the second half of May.

The note! In Central Russia peppers and eggplant (masculine) planted for seedlings February 23 (men's holiday), a tomatoes - March 8 (Women's Day).

Without a doubt, according to the rules of the Russian language, "tomato" is a masculine vegetable. However, among the people, its seeds are conditionally called female names (“tomato”, “tomato”) only to make it easier to remember when to sow, timing the sowing to the women's holiday.

Leningrad region

In the conditions of an even shorter summer season, in the Leningrad region, pepper should be started a little later (about 1-2 weeks) than in the Middle lane, since it will be possible to plant in the ground no earlier than June. That is why sowing should be done in the first half of March.

Advice! In the Middle lane and more northern regions, only early and mid-season varieties pepper, the later ones may simply not have time to give a full harvest.

Siberia and Ural

In the Urals and Siberia, it makes no sense to rush to plant pepper for seedlings: you should start sowing it no earlier than 1-2 decades of March in order to plant it in the ground in June.

Video: when to plant peppers for seedlings

According to the lunar calendar in 2019

During the period of the waxing moon (from new moon to full moon), the activity of growth processes in peppers increases (juices go up from the roots, while for root crops, on the contrary, the opposite process is required), which favorably affects their development.

According to the lunar calendar for 2019, auspicious days for sowing peppers for seedlings are:

• in February - 6-8, 11-13, 20-25, 28;
• in March - 8-12, 15-20, 23-25, 27-29;
• in April - 1-4, 6-9, 11-13, 20, 21, 24-26, 29, 30;
• in May - 3, 4, 8-10, 17, 18, 21-23, 26-28, 21;
• in June - 5-6, 13-15, 18-20.

However, it is not always possible to sow on favorable days, so it is important to take into account the periods of the full moon and new moon, when sowing pepper (like any other crops) is strongly discouraged.

So, bad days, according to the lunar calendar, for planting sweet pepper seedlings in 2019 are:

• in February - 4, 5, 19;
• in March - 6, 7, 21;
• in April - 5, 19;
• in May - 5, 19;
• in June - 3, 4, 17.

Based on these data, each gardener can plant crop seeds at the most optimal time, having previously prepared for sowing.

According to the lunar calendar, from the magazine "1000 Tips for a Summer Resident".

Video: what and when to plant according to the lunar calendar

How to choose a good variety of sweet pepper

Note! The site already has several detailed review articles about the most popular and best varieties of sweet pepper, which will definitely help you make your choice:

Video: how to choose the right varieties of pepper seeds

How to plant pepper seedlings and grow them properly: a selection of materials

Suppose that you still chose the right time, and then the very day came when you decided to sow the seeds for seedlings.

Preparing seeds for sowing seedlings

The most complete information about methods of pre-sowing preparation and processing of seeds of peppers you will find .

picking

top dressing

By the way! If your young plants need extra food, then all the information about feeding seedlings of pepper you will find .

Thus, deciding on the most suitable time for sowing pepper seeds for seedlings means making a significant contribution to the beginning of successful cultivation and obtaining a rich future harvest. Of course, it is also important to choose a good variety (hybrid) for sowing, properly prepare the seeds themselves, make a competent sowing, then pick (in this case, transshipment). In addition, it is very useful to make the necessary top dressing, that is, to seriously and conscientiously care for seedlings before planting in the ground.

Video: when and how to sow pepper seeds for seedlings

In contact with

Bulgarian pepper is a culture grown through seedlings. Every year there are more and more varieties and hybrids of sweet and hot peppers that give high yields in the open field, subject to all the recommendations for caring for these plants. Growing pepper seedlings has its own characteristics, which we will consider.

On the eve of spring, gardeners begin to actively prepare for the summer season - the acquisition, preparation and processing of seeds, soil preparation and planting containers. All this is necessary in order to grow healthy pepper seedlings at home.

Selection of pepper seeds for seedlings

If you decide to grow pepper seedlings, then go to a specialized store for seeds. When buying, pay attention to the manufacturer with positive reviews about the seed.

Pepper Seed Selection Criteria:

choose seeds according to the climatic features of your zone;
choose varieties for growing seedlings, you should not sow seeds in open ground, the pepper will not have time to grow and produce a crop. If it is not possible to grow seedlings on your own, it is better to buy ready-made ones on the market;
select disease and weather resistant varieties and hybrids;
look at the expiration date on the package, fresh seeds will provide the best seedlings. The shelf life of pepper seeds is 3-4 years.

The growing season for pepper is from 2 to 5 months, so growing it from seeds in the open field, you may not have time to harvest. Seedlings will come to your rescue, will give you the opportunity to grow tasty and healthy peppers.

Peppers can be divided into several categories according to the ripening time:

early varieties (super early and medium early);
average term of maturing;
late varieties

When you decide when to plant pepper seeds, use the recommendations on the package. The average sowing dates are indicated there, you must determine the planting date yourself, based on the conditions of your region. This can be done as far back as 2 months (the average age of seedlings that can be planted) after the last frost in your area.

Don't forget to add time to prepare and germinate the seeds. This method is applicable for planting seedlings in open ground. For a greenhouse, the sowing time is shifted by another 2 weeks towards winter.

By experimenting with planting seeds, you can get a crop of early ripe peppers as early as August.

Pepper is thermophilic - the main condition for obtaining a good harvest. The need for heat is necessary at all stages of development.

At a temperature of 26-28 degrees in the zone of seedling growth and proper processing of the sown seeds, the pepper will germinate in 7-10 days.

At 20 degrees, it will appear in 2 weeks, if the temperature is not higher than 18 degrees, then it will drag on for 3 weeks.

At temperatures below 14 degrees, the seeds stop development.

After the formation of 2 leaves, the temperature is increased to 22 degrees and maintained until the seedlings are picked.

After diving, the temperature should be 25 degrees.

The exact timing of sowing is difficult to predict, because the weather is so unpredictable. You must rely on your own experience and take into account the region in which the pepper will grow.

Sowing pepper seeds in February is relevant for growing mid-season and late varieties. Do not worry that the seedlings will not only have flowers, but also fruit ovaries, if transplanted carefully, you will not harm the root system.

Sowing pepper seeds for seedlings in March is more common. So the seedlings do not have time to outgrow much and stretch out, which causes less trouble for the gardener.

If you do not have the opportunity to plant seedlings in the ground, slow down their growth by moving them to a cool place.

Sowing pepper seeds according to the lunar calendar

By the way: garden crops with fruits in the ground part of the plant are best planted with the growing moon.

In the new moon and full moon, refrain from work related to plants.

Favorable signs of the zodiac for pepper - Aries, Leo, Taurus.

Consider pepper demanding and capricious plant. For good growth, fertile, loose soil is needed: to obtain such a composition, mix equal amounts of humus, sand (2 matchboxes of fertilizers or half a liter of ash serve as a substitute for sand), peat and soddy soil.

Mix everything well and distribute it in boxes in which to disinfect the soil. Containers should have drainage holes to prevent stagnant water. After a day, start sowing seeds.

Spread the pre-treated seeds on the soil surface with an interval of 1 cm between seeds and 2-3 cm between rows. When sowing in separate pots, plant 2 seeds in each, pinch off a weak sprout after germination.

Seeds can be deepened with a match with a small sowing area or moistened with a sprinkler, sprinkled on top with soil, 1 cm thick, which is then slightly compacted. The boxes are covered with glass or film to preserve moisture and heat, put in the warmest place.

Crops need to be aired every day, so you do not allow the development of mold.

Good luck with your crops and high yields!

When and how to plant pepper for seedlings: planting seeds, terms of the rule, preparing seeds and soil, caring for seedlings, which is described in this article, should be carried out according to all the rules. To get healthy and high-quality pepper seedlings, experienced gardeners recommend growing it yourself. Therefore, summer residents have many questions about how to grow seedlings at home bell pepper.

Before proceeding to planting sweet pepper seeds, first of all, it is necessary to study the information about what the soil should be, landing time, seed preparation rules, proper care, etc. This is discussed in detail in this article.

Planting seeds immediately in open ground pros and cons

Sometimes summer residents do not want to spend time growing seedlings. With the onset of spring heat, they plant seeds immediately into open ground. In this case, there is a certain risk. Pepper belongs to heat-loving plants, therefore, when frost occurs, it may die.

Only gardeners in the southern regions or central Russia can try to plant pepper seeds immediately in a permanent place. Do not plant seeds directly in open ground in the Urals, as well as residents of the northern regions, especially those that are on the list of risky farming. There is no chance that the seeds will germinate and the plant will survive.

There are early ripe varieties that can be planted in open ground, and the rest do not have time to bear fruit before the cold snap. Seeds of early varieties of pepper, as a rule, begin to be sown in the ground from mid-May to early June. At the same time, according to forecasts, there should be no frosts. This method of planting a crop has its plus: no time is wasted on growing pepper seedlings at home.

Disadvantages of growing seeds in open ground:

• With this method, only early ripening varieties can be used.
• In the event of a sudden cold snap, the plant may die or its development will lag far behind.
• Peppers may not fully ripen before the arrival of cold days, even in the southern regions.
• It is necessary to constantly monitor changes in weather conditions, and in case of a cold snap, cover young shoots with covering material in time.

When to sow pepper seeds: optimal sowing dates

This culture has too long a germination time. After planting pepper seedlings must withstand 90-100 days and only after that it is transferred to a permanent place. Young shoots of early ripe varieties grow to the desired size within 3 months. After the earth warms up to a temperature of 16-18 degrees, they are planted in a permanent place.

The plant is transferred to the greenhouse a little earlier, and later to the open ground with shelter. The landing time largely depends on the climatic conditions of the region. Usually, the planting of pepper seeds is determined taking into account the day of the future planting of seedlings in the ground.

• AT Central Russia seeds begin to be sown in late February - early March.
• In the southern regions you can plant seeds from January, and at the end of April, the seedlings are ready for planting in a permanent place.
• In the cold regions of Russia on Ural and Siberia and Northwest seeds are planted in trays in the last decade of March. Plants are best placed in a greenhouse with good heating, then all the fruit ovaries will have time to ripen.
• The crop is planted in a greenhouse with year-round heating twice a year: at the end of January-beginning of February, and then at the end of September.

Often gardeners start sowing peppers taking into account the data lunar calendar. The best time for planting a crop is when the Moon is under the influence of Libra, Aries, Scorpio, Sagittarius. These dates change every year, so there is a special calendar where you can find the exact days. It indicates not only favorable dates for sowing pepper, but also inappropriate days. These dates change every year, so a 2017 or 2020 calendar won't work for 2019.

On packages with seeds, also indicated landing time.

• Varieties with an early development period can be planted in the third decade of February.
• Late varieties should be sown as early as possible.

Important! Seedlings, which were sown in January, require additional lighting. The fact is that for the normal development of shoots, daylight hours are needed more than at this time.

Peppers, even the most early ripening varieties, have such a feature as the time of vegetative development lasting up to 140 days. After the appearance of sprouts, 90 days pass when the fruits begin to ripen. Seeds can germinate for a period of 10 days to 30 days.

Therefore, seeds of early and mid-season varieties are recommended to be sown in the northern regions no later than mid-February, in warmer areas - in early March.

The germination rate of bell pepper seeds depends on the air temperature:

• 26-28 ºC - 8-10 days.
• 20-24 ºC - 13-17 days.
• 18-20 ºC - 18-20 days.
• 14-15 ºC - up to 30 days.

In order for pepper seeds to germinate in a shorter time, they must undergo a special preparation procedure. To do this, you need to prepare in advance:

Planting pepper seedlings at home

To grow healthy and strong seedlings, you should follow some rules.

Which substrate to choose

The soil for planting seeds is prepared in advance. Pepper loves loose soil, well fertilized with neutral or weak acidity (pH 6-6.5). In addition, the soil must be sterile. It is best to use a ready-made substrate purchased from a specialized store. But you can make your own mixture.

So, several of these recipes that do not require special costs can be prepared at home. To do this, take:

• Composition No. 1 - in equal proportions such components: leafy earth, peat and sand. To obtain the desired acidity of the soil, lime fertilizers are introduced;
• Composition No. 2 - soddy soil, compost, sand in a ratio of 2: 1: 1;
• Composition No. 3 - 2 parts of humus and peat, 1 part of washed river sand, then pass the mixture through a sieve;
• Composition No. 4 - humus, meadow sandy loamy soil and soddy land in (1: 2: 2). A handful of potassium sulfate and two handfuls of superphosphate are added to the resulting mixture per 10 liters of the finished mixture.

Important! Before introducing fertilizer into any soil mixture, it must first be disinfected.

One way:

• steam on a steam bath;
• calcine by placing the soil in the oven for half an hour at a temperature of 150 degrees;
• pickle by treating the mixture with a strong solution of manganese.

How to prepare seeds for planting seedlings

The pelleted seeds, which are contained in capsules, do not need special preparation for sowing, since they already contain both a growth stimulator and all the necessary nutrition.

Such seeds cannot be soaked, otherwise their capsule will become unusable.

Ordinary seeds for the purpose of disinfection are placed for 20 minutes in a solution of potassium permanganate:

• per 100 g of water;
• 1 g of crystals.

After that, the seeds are dried and treated in a growth stimulator. You can also place the seeds for 4-5 hours in a solution of mineral fertilizers. After all the procedures, the seeds are washed well in running water and immediately sown in the ground.

Sometimes vegetable growers prefer to sparge the seeds. They are placed in gauze and lowered into a jar of water. Air is passed through with the help of a compressor for 4-5 hours.

Most gardeners follow the more common seed germination procedure. They are placed in a light cloth moistened with water and kept warm on a plate. So that the gauze with seeds does not dry out, it is covered with a film. Planting material should not be completely in the water, as it still needs air.

Seeds sprout best at room temperature of 20-23º C. However, pepper sprouts are too fragile and can be easily damaged when sown. In the case of using this method of preparing seeds for sowing, it is necessary to treat them with a growth stimulator after disinfection.

Sowing pepper seedlings

Since this crop has a long recovery period after picking, gardeners advise sowing pepper seeds immediately into small containers with a diameter of 10 cm and a depth of no more than 12 cm. If this method is inconvenient to use, you can take spacious trays for sowing seeds.

In this case, when picking, the seedlings can be transferred to separate cups with a large clod of soil. The depth of the container should be about 5-6 cm, while the soil is not filled up to the very edges of the dishes, but 2 cm are left.

Important! Trays must be washed and treated with a solution of potassium permanganate.

For sowing seeds, you can use tweezers, with which they are laid out on the surface of the earth. Seeds are slightly buried in the ground at a distance of 1.5-2 cm from each other. After that, the surface is moistened with water from a spray bottle and sprinkled with soil with a layer of 1 cm. The substrate is slightly compacted and covered with a film.

When sprouts appear, the trays are placed for 1-2 days on a warm windowsill. After the sprouts turn dark green and the first leaf appears, the plants should immediately dive.

The depth of the container into which the seedlings will be transferred should be about 12-15 cm deep. A few hours before transplanting, young plants need to be well watered. It is desirable to plant seedlings in a checkerboard pattern at a distance of 10-15 cm.

picking

When 2 good leaves appear on the pepper sprouts, the dive procedure is carried out.

Interesting! Some experts believe that it is best to pick a pick during the appearance of the cotyledons.

Seedlings in trays are first watered and wait for excess moisture to drain. Then they are transplanted into separate cups (100-150 ml).

In order not to damage the roots, the seedlings are transferred together with an earthen clod into pre-prepared pits in the ground. The hole is sprinkled with a substrate and lightly pressed down. When transplanting, it is important to deepen the root neck of the plant into the soil by only 5 mm.

The next step is to water the seedlings. If the soil settles, then it is necessary to supplement the cups with earth. The first days for seedlings, it is necessary to create a temperature regime of at least 15 ºC and protect it from direct sunlight.

Important! At a temperature of 13 ºC peppers stop their development.

Seedlings of pepper in peat tablets

Pepper seedlings are sensitive to picking and may not grow for a very long time. Therefore, you can use the method of growing seedlings in peat tablets. Several tablets with a diameter of 3 cm are placed in a transparent bowl, poured with warm boiled water and kept until they pick up moisture.

After swelling of the tablets, the remaining liquid is poured out of the container. In the upper part of the capsules, holes are made up to 1-1.5 cm deep. Prepared seeds are carefully laid in them and covered with nutrient soil. The dishes are covered with plastic wrap or other transparent object.

For quick germination, the seeds are provided with a temperature of at least 25 ºC. After 7 days, you can see the first shoots, and then the greenhouse shelter is removed from the trays and placed in a bright place. At the same time, during the daytime, the air temperature is maintained at the level of 25-27 ºC, and at night - within 11-13 ºC.

After a while, 2-4 strong leaves will appear at the seedlings, and sprouted roots can be seen through the mesh. At this time, seedlings in tablets are planted in separate cups, in which nutrient soil prepared according to the recipe is already located.

Watch the video! How to use peat seedling tablets

Growing seedlings of pepper in cassettes

Nowadays, special plastic cassettes are produced for growing pepper seedlings from seeds. The market has a wide range of products with different sizes. So, there are cassettes measuring 18x13.5x6 cm, in which they have 4 cells for seedlings, each of them has dimensions of 8x6 cm, and the volume is 240 ml.

Also, you can buy boxes of the same size, but with a large number of cells: 6, 9, 12. There are cassettes packed in boxes with a lid through which daylight passes, and at the same time, it does not allow the liquid to evaporate. Gardeners often use cassettes such as mini-greenhouses.

The cells are filled with the desired substrate or peat tablets are placed in them. Pepper seeds are sown in them, covered with plastic wrap or glass. The cassette is placed on a special tray and kept in a warm room at a temperature of 25 º C. It is important to maintain the humidity level by regularly adding water to the tray.

Landing in twists (in Moscow)

More recently, a new way to germinate seeds using toilet paper has been invented. Some gardeners like this method, but there are also its opponents. The main thing in this method is compactness. The technology here is not complicated:

When the sprouts break through the paper, the twist is exposed to a bright place. After the appearance of 2 developed leaves, the roll is untwisted and cut into pieces, in which there are crops with sprouts. They are planted in trays for further development. After the seedlings get stronger, they are transferred to the site.

Caring for pepper seedlings after sowing

Growing conditions

When growing pepper seedlings at home, it is quite difficult to maintain the correct temperature regime. It can be noted that the air under the ceiling is much warmer (by 2-3 degrees). But on the floor it is lower by 2-3 degrees.

In a residential building, the window sill is the brightest place, but it is the coldest, so it is not suitable for growing pepper seedlings. Seedlings should be deepened in the middle of the room, where it is warm, and provide them with artificial lighting.

• Seeds will begin to sprout on days 8-12 at 26-28 ºC.
• At an air temperature of 20-26 ºC, crops will appear in 13-17 days.
• At room temperature around 18-20 ºC, the sprouts will hatch in 18-20 days.
• If the room temperature is 14-15 ºC, then seedlings may appear after 30 days.

After the appearance of sprouts, the trays are immediately transferred to the windowsill with a temperature of up to 15-17 ºC. After 7 days, the temperature is increased during the daytime to 22-25 ºC, and at night - up to 20 ºC. At the same time, try not to expose seedlings to drafts. Also, peppers need fresh air, but not cold.

Watch the video! How to Grow Healthy Pepper Seedlings

Watering seedlings

After the appearance of young sprouts, they are not watered for 2-3 days. If the soil is too dry, it can be lightly moistened with water from a spray bottle. Seedlings begin to water after the first couple of leaves appear. In this case, the water temperature should not be lower than 30 degrees.

Seedling feeding

In order for the root system to develop well, it is fed with potassium humate. For the preparation of fertilizer take:

• 2 liters of water;
• dilute 5 ml of the product in it.

Important! Pepper seedlings develop too little before the formation of flower buds. After that, it grows more intensively.

When the flowering period comes, the plant requires top dressing. Fertilizer is prepared in the following composition for 10 liters of water:

• 1 g of manganese sulfate and iron sulfate;
• 0.2 g of zinc sulfate and copper sulfate;
• 1.7 g of boric acid.

pinching seedlings

Pepper seedlings, which are grown at home, require pinching the ends of the shoots, that is, removing the growth point. In this case, the root system develops better, and the buds wake up in the internodes, from which the ovaries are formed. This procedure is carried out at a time when crops increase their growth rate.

Using a sharp knife or scissors, cut off the part of the shoot that is located above the 4-6th internode. After a while, the plant begins to sprout. Of these, 4-6 stronger stepchildren are left, and the rest are removed. In the lower internodes, it is recommended not to touch the processes.

Seedling illumination

Peppers have such a feature as a long growing season, so their seeds begin to be planted at a time when daylight hours end too early.

Advice! When growing pepper seedlings, it is necessary to provide additional lighting, since the shoots need up to 12-14 hours of light per day.

• When the seedlings have the first strong leaves, you need to increase the lighting time to 14-16 hours a day. Otherwise, the seedlings will be too weak, the stems are long and thin, and the internodes will be located at a great distance from each other.
• Since February, the plant has been provided with artificial lighting constantly from 7-8 in the morning to 19-20.
• In the spring, in April, additional lighting is left in the morning from 6 to 12 o'clock, and then turned on in the evening from 16 to 19 o'clock.

Diseases and pests on seedlings and treatment

Sometimes vegetable growers are faced with such a problem: when cotyledon leaves appear, the plant begins to turn yellow, and the subcotyledon stem darkens near the ground. As a result, the stem is overstretched and the seedlings die. The cause of death is infection of the bush with a disease such as a black leg.

Its fungus is mainly found in the ground. It happens that the causative agent of the black leg is found in seeds or dirty dishes. That is why, before sowing, it is necessary to disinfect everything. The fungus is activated when:

• poor watering;
• excess moisture;
• incorrect temperature conditions;
• densely planted area.

To prevent infection with a fungal disease of the entire crop, the diseased plant is immediately removed. The rest of the seedlings are treated with preparations that contain copper. In addition, seedlings need to provide good lighting.

Peppers can also become infected with a fungal disease such as Fusarium. The symptoms of such a disease are:

• shoots that already have 2 pairs of leaves suddenly begin to fade, while the leaf plates do not change color;
• seedlings noticeably slow down their growth;
• drooping leaves turn yellow from bottom to top;
• a dark ring forms inside the stem.

Fusarium is a serious disease of vegetable crops. The fight with him is carried out in the same way as with the black leg. In order to prevent infection of seedlings with this disease, before sowing, procedures for preparing the soil, utensils and seeds should be carried out in accordance with all the rules.

If gray fluff is visible on the walls inside the dishes, on the surface of the soil, and also at the base of the shoots, then the seedlings are infected with gray rot. To prevent the disease, it is necessary to spray the seedlings with a solution of potassium permanganate of medium consistency (bright pink) every 10 days.

If signs of infection with gray rot appear, diseased bushes are removed. Crops are treated with copper or bacterial fungicides.

Adult seedlings can become infected with late blight. Its pathogens usually live in the soil. The stems of the plant are covered with dark stripes, and light spots appear on the leaves that are closer to the ground, which darken over time.

When the first signs of the disease appear, seedlings are treated with this solution:

• per 1 liter of water;
• 5 ml of iodine.

A later stage of the disease requires the use of fungicides, all infected specimens must first be removed.

With powdery mildew disease, light plaque and spots appear on the stems and leaves. The growth of peppers stops, and the leaves begin to turn yellow. This disease can infect both seedlings and an adult plant. In the treatment of powdery mildew, a bright manganese solution or bacterial fungicides are used.

There are times when seedlings suddenly die without any signs of illness - a hurricane withering of seedlings. Most often, this disease affects crops that are grown in the southern regions (nightshade and sunflower). Unfortunately, there is no cure for this disease, so pepper seeds will have to be sown again.

When and how to plant pepper seedlings in open ground: optimal timing

When 7-8 leaves and large buds appear, and the stem grows up to 20-25 cm in height, the plant needs to be hardened off. Seedlings are kept at a temperature of 16-18 º C for 7-10 days, and gradually it is reduced to 12-14 º C.

Trays with seedlings are taken out to the balcony or to a well-ventilated room with access to direct sunlight. Every day, the time of such procedures is increased. 2-3 days before landing in a permanent place, the peppers are taken out into the fresh air and kept there all night. If the nights are still cold, the seedlings need to be protected from the cold.

When planting plants in open ground, the average air temperature should be below 15-17 degrees. At this point, the seedlings have already formed 8-9 leaves and several buds. Peppers should be transferred to an already prepared area. It needs to be dug up well and leveled. If the soil has a clay structure, peat and humus are added to it.

The holes are dug at a distance of 50 cm from each other, and about 60 cm are left between the rows. Add 1 tbsp to the holes. spoon of mineral fertilizer (superphosphate) and mix it with the ground. The holes are made capacious so that the roots of the bush fit freely in it. When filling the hole, make sure that the root neck is at the level of the surface of the site.

Pepper seedlings are transferred to a hole with an earthen clod. Then earth is poured so that most of the roots are covered. Almost a third of the bucket is poured into the hole and waiting for it to be absorbed. After that, the hole is completely covered with soil.

Growing seedlings of pepper has its own characteristics. If errors occur with watering, sudden temperature fluctuations, or unsuccessful transplants, plant stems coarsen, their potential yield is reduced. How to grow pepper seedlings?

How to plant seedlings on pepper? Pepper is a rather bizarre and thermophilic culture. However, gardeners do sowing pepper seedlings, and even more, they grow crops with great success. The main thing is to know when to plant seeds for seedlings, and then provide proper care for peppers when grown outdoors.

In Siberia

When to plant pepper seedlings in Siberia? Pepper varieties differ in maturity. The sowing period for seedlings depends on them, pepper in Siberia for seedlings must be sown, taking into account the harsh climatic conditions. It is necessary to guess the ripening time of pepper in the open ground in the hottest summer time - July, early August.

The beginning of warm July is positive for collecting seeds, ripening fruits, rooting cuttings, and top dressing. you can find out when you need to harvest pepper, eggplant and what days are unfavorable for sowing plants in July according to the lunar calendar.

When to sow seedlings for peppers in Siberia? Varieties and growth time before planting in open ground:

• early varieties. The maturation period of seedlings is 100-120 days, the age of seedlings for planting in open ground is 50-60 days, sowing time is in mid-March.
• Average maturity. The period of maturation of seedlings from the moment of sowing is 120-135 days, the age of seedlings for planting is 60 days, the sowing time for seedlings is the third decade of February.
• Late varieties. The ripening period is 136-150 days, the age of seedlings for planting is 60-75 days, the sowing time is early February. The maturation time of the seed and its age for planting vary greatly in time, because the time for seed germination can vary from 14 to 35 days.

In the Urals

When to plant pepper seedlings in the Urals? Pepper is a plant that is thermophilic and only ripens in the southern regions. In all other regions, it is grown only through seedlings; pepper in the Urals for seedlings simply cannot grow physically, it simply does not have time.

In what month should you sow pepper seedlings in the Urals?

MarchApril

The best dates for planting pepper seedlings according to the lunar calendar will be February 9, 19, 23, and March 7, 20, 22. The ideal time will be the middle, and even better - the beginning of February. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the fact that not all varieties of pepper, but only the Siberian selection, are suitable for planting, they are most suitable for such conditions. There is now a good selection of such varieties and hybrids of this nightshade crop on the market. The most famous among them are:

• "Red Bull";

• "Bogatyr";

• "Merchant".

Sowing pepper in February for seedlings

The most optimal time for sowing sweet pepper seeds in central Russia is mid-February. It is too early to plant them in January, as the winter month does not provide enough light, and the plants will be sluggish and weak, or additional lighting will be required.

For the southern regions of Russia, sowing begins earlier, since the warm climate allows earlier planting of seedlings in greenhouses and open ground, and for the northern regions - later. Many gardeners use a lunar sowing calendar, and sowing times can vary from year to year.

In January

Auspicious days for planting pepper seedlings in January are as follows: 5, 6, 7, 8, 30. It is not recommended to deal with this issue only on 11 and 28 days.

In December

December favorable days 2, 20, 25, 29 and only 3 and 18 are unfavorable.

Sowing seedlings of sweet pepper seeds

Start growing pepper seedlings in late February or early March, but keep in mind:

1. An experienced gardener decided that if everything went well, by the end of May or the beginning of June, the seedlings would be completely ready for planting in open ground.
2. If you live in the middle lane or further north, then March suits you better. For owners of more southern plots, the end of February will be a suitable date.
3. If you're having trouble deciding, check with your neighbors in the country or other diggers who have experience growing pepper seedlings.
4. Pepper seedlings begin to grow in February or March. In February, a suitable period for sowing peppers will be from 17 to 29, in April - from 16 to 28.
5. More specifically, especially the most auspicious day, it will look like this: February 17, 18, 21, 22, 25, 26 and March 18, 19, 24, 25, 26.

When to plant hot peppers on seedlings

To make seedlings strong, you first need to know when to start planting hot pepper seedlings. The lunar calendar will help you with this. The most favorable days start from 10 to 15 and from 24 to 26 February. Fitting also depends on the region where you live. If the climate is warmer, then it is better to harvest in early February, and if it is cold, then at the end of the month.

Preparation of pepper seeds for sowing seedlings

How to prepare pepper seeds for planting seedlings? The most difficult in cultivation is traditionally considered the first stage - planting. If the preparation of pepper seeds for sowing on seedlings is done correctly, then further care will not be difficult, and you have every chance of getting an excellent crop of sweet peppers.

Soil for seedlings of peppers and tomatoes

How to prepare the ground for seedlings of peppers? When the seeds are ready to be sown, it's time to prepare the soil. For seedlings, you can use universal soil, which can be bought at any store.

You can use the land even from the garden. If it was kept on the balcony all winter, before sowing the seeds it is brought into a warm room for 4-5 days to warm it up. You can also mix equal parts universal soil with garden soil and add ash to this mixture.

How to properly prepare the seeds

An important step in the cultivation of pepper seedlings is the preparation of seeds for sowing. Since the seeds of this crop grow for a long time, they must be germinated beforehand. You will need to carry out:

• seed disinfection. This step can be skipped, but we recommend disinfecting the seeds in a pink solution of potassium permanganate. It is enough to keep them there for 30 minutes.
• Soaking pepper seeds. Wrap the seeds in a paper towel, soak well, place on a plate and wrap in a plastic bag or cling film.
• Place the seeds in a warm place. Place the plate of seeds in a warm place (preferably a battery). Make sure there is enough moisture. After about 3 days, the seeds should swell and hatch.

Planting pepper seeds and growing seedlings

Soil preparation for pepper seedlings begins with the choice of soil. Peat tablets give good results when growing crops that are under increased stress during transplantation. For example, if tomato seedlings tolerate picking well, sweet peppers react painfully to transplantation. After picking, he does not budge for a long time, especially if the picking was a little late, and the seedlings have outgrown. This problem can be easily avoided by sowing pepper seedlings in peat tablets and growing it without picking.

How to grow peppers for seedlings in tablets

Peat tablets contain everything necessary for the development of seedlings. They allow you to grow a good pepper seedling even for beginners. Traditionally, pepper seedlings are sown at the end of February, when the day is still short.

Expert opinion

Filatov Ivan Yurievich, private farmer for over 30 years

To get strong seedlings, you need to supplement the crop with additional light. When growing in tablets, the sowing period can be moved to the beginning of March, since without germination, the seedlings will develop faster. This will also be facilitated by a longer daylight hours. Therefore, the favorable period for planting pepper seeds in peat tablets is from March 1 to March 10.

Seeding methods

A good way would be to sow pepper in a snail. You can get a large amount of planting material with a small area.

There are lovers of experiments among the inhabitants of the Urals. Planting peppers in boiling water - isn't that amazing! You can act in different ways:

1. First, spill the earth with boiling water, and then distribute the seeds in it randomly. Lightly sprinkle the soil and close the container tightly.
2. Lightly moisten and tamp the soil, sprinkle the pepper seeds and pour hot water over the top. The seed itself will find its place in the earth. Close the container.

If you plant peppers for seedlings in boiling water, then, according to the creators of the method, friendly shoots appear on the 4-5th day. If necessary, the soil is spilled.

Ventilation of pepper seedlings is required! Excess moisture on containers is removed with a sponge.

With the advent of the first plants, the "greenhouses" are removed from the containers and put on a well-lit window. Now you need to make sure the soil doesn't dry out. The signal for a dive (when using this method of growing seedlings) is the appearance of three or four real leaves. Diving can be carried out in any container, or in diapers.

How to fertilize seedlings of peppers and tomatoes

Seedlings are fertilized in the morning. This method will help to avoid the "black leg" and help to properly absorb nutrients:

• Before applying mineral fertilizers, the soil must be watered. Instead of regular watering, use infusions of shells or tea.
• When fertilizing, it is important to ensure that liquid does not get on the stems and leaves of plants. Do not pour under the root, it is better to irrigate it with soil around the stem.
• After the appearance of the first shoots and until the end of fruiting, it is recommended to apply fertilizer 2 times a month.

The smaller the container in which eggplants or peppers grow, the more nutrition will be. In between, gently loosen the soil around the stems to improve ventilation and prevent root rot.

All liquid top dressing is applied only in a warm form. Cold solutions can cause shock, dropping of the ovary or death of plants. If fertilizer gets on the leaves, they should be carefully washed off with warm water from a watering can.

Timely feeding will ensure the normal development of seedlings, plant health and excellent yields. By experimenting with fertilizers and different dosages, you can achieve impressive results both at home and in the greenhouse.

Video

You can also watch a video where they will tell you how to sow pepper for seedlings.