Good game for children with disabilities. Educational toys for children with disabilities

Anastasia Klyagina
Card file of games for working with children with handicapped health

"Games for the development of thinking of children 3 - 4 years old"

Friendly fit rky

Purpose: to develop imaginative thinking, arbitrary memory.

How to play: Draw a circle, an asterisk, a square, a rhombus, etc. on a piece of paper. Two of them are identical. The child must find them and shade them, but let him figure out how. The most important thing is not to go beyond the contours.

We fix: instead of geometric shapes, you can draw fruits, furniture, toys or numbers and letters. There are many options.

Invite for a birthday nia

Purpose: to teach to correlate groups of objects by their number, to develop visual-figurative thinking

Equipment needed: paper, pencil.

How to play: show the child the same (or different) number of dots in two circles - these are guests and sweets. How do you know if everyone has enough food? Draw a line from one point of the first circle to another point of the second circle. This is how we establish mutual correspondences.

We fix: you can compare in circles any objects and any number of them - more or less by 1-3 objects. You can put an equal sign between two circles if the number of points is the same.

Divide - collect we eat

Purpose: to teach to isolate parts from the whole and combine them (analysis - synthesis)

How we play: one of the players lists: wheels, motor, steering wheel, cab. Another calls the object that consists of these parts - a machine. Similarly: stem, leaves, petals? Four legs, cover? Windows, doors, ceiling, walls? Etc.

We play the other way around: chair - back, legs, seat. Phone - buttons with numbers, housing. And so on. And the orange? Slices, peel. And the soup? Water, potatoes, cabbage, onions. What about peach? Pulp, bone. A pillowcase, a bouquet?

Fixing: draw the parts of the object, for example: long ears, small tail - ask the child to guess whose parts it is (bunny, and finish the object. Show part of the object - the child must determine what it is.

Needed in still

Purpose: to introduce the versatility of some things

How we play: with or without a show, ask the child: “What is the brush for?” - "For cleaning shoes, teeth, carpets, clothes, dishes." "And the paper?" - “Draw, wrap, for books and newspapers”, etc. And what about glass, sand, an umbrella?

We fix: “What is the wand for?” - "Draw, for the sentry, for the flag."

Enchanted ska zki

Purpose: to develop visual-figurative thinking, creative imagination

Required equipment: circles different sizes and colors.

How we play: we play with the enchanted heroes of the fairy tale "Teremok". Put small and large gray circles on the table and ask the child to “disenchant” them - to determine who is the hare and who is the mouse; then - orange and brown: who is a fox and who is a bear, etc. And who bewitched them - think for yourself. In the same way, beat the fairy tales "Gingerbread Man", "Turnip", "Fox, Hare and Rooster" and other favorite fairy tales of the child.

We fix: there are colored circles in the box - look for the heroes of fairy tales in them. We fantasize. For example, a green circle is both a frog from "Teremok" and a crocodile from "Moydodyr"

The game "Gives a cow. .»

Purpose: to develop attention, memory.

Required equipment: cards with images of animals, products obtained from animals (milk, eggs, wool, etc.).

How to play: Lay out the cards in random order. Invite the child to put an image of what this animal gives us next to the image of each animal. For example: chicken - egg, feathers (you can draw a pillow); cow - milk (cottage cheese, sour cream, kefir); goat - downy yarn (draw socks, mittens), etc.

The game "Comparison of sizes" in"

Purpose: to develop the skill of comparative analysis, speech, logical thinking.

Required equipment: wide and narrow strips of paper, cubes.

How we play: invite the child to build houses for the mouse and for the bunny: “Do you think we will build houses of the same size for them?” Encourage the child to conclude that the mouse house should be less lodge bunnies.

The game "How to distinguish them b?”

Purpose: to develop the skill of comparative analysis of objects by superimposing them on each other.

Required equipment: identical geometric figures with a slight difference in size (cut out of paper).

How we play: tell the child that the figures are cakes for dolls. Our scattered dolls have mixed up all the cakes and cannot determine which is which. After all, a cake for Masha is bigger than a cake for Olya, and a cake for Sveta is the smallest. Help the puppets. Let the child think about how this can be done. Show him how, by putting the figures on top of each other, find out which cake is larger and which is smaller. Give the dolls their dessert.

Breathing exercises

Breathing exercises "Angry hedgehog ik"

Stand up, feet shoulder width apart. Imagine how a hedgehog curls up into a ball during danger. Bend as low as possible without lifting your heels off the floor, clasp your chest with your hands, lower your head, exhaling "pff" - the sound made by an angry hedgehog, then "frr" - and this is already a happy hedgehog. Repeat with your child three to five times.

Breathing exercises "Inflate the ball ik"

IP: the child is sitting or standing. “Inflating the balloon” spreads his arms wide and inhales deeply, then slowly brings his hands together, joining his palms in front of his chest and blows out the air - fff. “The balloon burst” - clap your hands, “air comes out of the balloon” - the child says: “shhh”, stretching his lips with his proboscis, lowering his hands and settling like a ball from which air was released.

Breathing exercises "Geese years yat"

Slow walking. On the inhale - raise your hands to the sides, on the exhale - lower down with the pronunciation of a long sound "g-u-u-u".

Breathing exercises "Push OK"

Purpose: the formation of the respiratory apparatus.

Tie a light feather to the rope. Have your child blow on it. It is necessary to ensure that inhalation is done only through the nose, and exhalation through folded lips.

Breathing gymnastics "F" uk"

Purpose: to train the strength of inhalation and exhalation.

IP: the baby is standing or sitting with his arms crossed over his chest. Spreads his arms to the sides, raises his head - inhale, crosses his arms over his chest, lowers his head - exhale: "zhu-u-u - said the winged beetle, I'll sit and buzz."

Breathing exercises "Rooster OK"

Purpose: to strengthen physiological breathing in children.

IP: standing straight, legs apart, hands down. Raise your hands to the sides (inhale, and then slap them on your hips (exhale, say “ku-ka-re-ku”.

Breathing gymnastics "Voro" on the"

Purpose: development of a smooth, long exhalation.

IP: the child stands straight, legs slightly apart and hands down. Inhale - spreads his arms wide to the sides, like wings, slowly lowers his hands and exhales: “karrr”, stretching the sound [p] as much as possible.

Anxiety games

"Dra ka"

Purpose: relaxation of the muscles of the lower face and hands

How we play: “Children, imagine that you quarreled with a friend. This is where the fight starts. Inhale deeply, clench your jaws tightly. Squeeze your fingers into fists, press your fingers into your palms until it hurts. Hold your breath for a few seconds. Think about it: maybe you shouldn't fight? Exhale and relax. Hooray! Trouble behind!”

"Pump and Ball"

Goal: relax as many muscles as possible

How to play: Guys, split into pairs. One of you is a big inflatable ball, the other pump is inflating this big ball. The ball stands with its whole body limp, on bent legs, arms, neck, relaxed, body tilted forward, head down. The comrade begins to inflate the ball, accompanying the movements of the hands with the sound "C". With each air supply, the ball gets bigger. Hearing the sound "C", he inhales a portion of air, while straightening his legs, after 2 - the torso straightened, 3 - the head rises, 4 - the cheeks puffed out, and the arms moved away from the sides. The ball is inflated. The pump has stopped pumping. A friend pulls a pump out of the ball. Air comes out of the ball "Shhh". The body again went limp, returned to its original position. Then the players change places.

"Blind Thane ets"

Purpose: development of trust in each other, removal of excessive muscle tension

How to play: "Pair up, one of you will be" Blind ". The other will remain “Sighted” and will be able to drive the blind. Now join hands and dance with each other to some light music. Now switch roles. Help your partner to blindfold.

"Sculpture ra"

Purpose: to reduce muscle tension

How to play: Children are divided into pairs. One is a sculptor, the other is a sculpture. On the instructions of an adult, the sculptor sculpts a sculpture from "clay":

A child who is not afraid of anything

A child who is all happy

The child who fulfilled difficult task etc.

After the game, discuss how you felt in the role of a sculptor, a sculpture. Which figure was pleasant to portray, and which not.

"Tender chalk OK"

Purpose: removal of muscle clamps, development of tactile sensations

How to play: Anxious Baby Mod:

“You and I will draw on each other’s backs. What do you want me to draw? Sun? Good". With a soft touch of the fingers, the sun is depicted. "Looks like? And how would you draw on my back or arm? Do you want me to draw the sun for you? Do you want a squirrel or a fox to draw with its “affectionate” tail?”

After the end, the adult with gentle movements of the hand erases everything that he painted.

"Caterpillar"

Purpose: to teach trust

How to play: “guys, now we will be one big caterpillar and we will all move around the room together. Line up in a chain, put your hands on the shoulders of the one in front of you. A ball is clamped between the stomach and back of the children. Hand touching is prohibited. The first in the chain holds his ball on outstretched arms. Children must follow a specific route.

exercised ia in switching from one posture to anotherb]

[/ b] "Kolech to"[ /b]

Instruction: Alternately and as quickly as possible, sort through the fingers, connecting the index finger, middle finger, etc. into a ring with the thumb. The test is performed in the forward (from the index finger to the little finger) and in the reverse (from the little finger to index finger) is fine. At the beginning, the exercise is performed with each hand separately, then together.

"Fist - rib - fret ny »[[ i] /b]

Purpose: development of fine motor skills of hands

Instruction: Three positions of the hand on the plane of the table, successively replacing each other. The palm is on the plane, the palm is clenched into a fist, the palm is straightened on the plane of the table. It is performed first with the right hand, then with the left, then with both hands together. The number of repetitions is 8-10 times. When mastering the program or in case of difficulties in performing, help yourself with commands (, fist - rib - palm, saying them out loud or to yourself.

b] “Mirror drawing }