Live weight of a 10 month old piglet. How to determine the weight of pigs: animal live weight and slaughter weight

If Vietnamese piglets became the choice of a farmer for home breeding, weight by months, or rather, its increase, is the main issue of interest to the breeder. This breed has won many fans in the CIS countries, and therefore it is worth finding out how quickly the piglets grow and when they are sent for slaughter.

Features of the breed of pigs Vietnamese bellied

Russian farmers have long paid attention to the breed of pigs called Vietnamese bellied. She is from Southeast Asia. Its characteristics are black skin, a flattened muzzle, a wide back and chest, and a sagging belly. In adults, it often reaches the ground.

The discussed breed of pigs has a number of features that are at the same time its advantages:

• early maturation - four-month-old animals are already able to breed;
• pigs have strong immunity;
• meat has a pleasant taste and delicate texture;
• flabby females bring numerous offspring and have excellent maternal qualities;
• greens predominate in the diet of Asian pigs;
• clean animals.

Buying a piglet: what to look for?

Success in breeding bellied pigs directly depends on the quality of the acquired young. When buying piglets for fattening or breeding, you should make sure that they come from different litters. It is advisable to look at the female who gave birth to the baby, and ask the seller about the weight of the animal at birth and the dynamics of its growth by week.

Signs of a healthy pig:

• well developed muscles;
• strong limbs;
• wide skull;
• elastic body, shiny bristles;
• dry and clean groats;
• shining eyes.

Attention! A healthy piglet is active and has an excellent appetite.

What to feed Vietnamese pigs for quick weight gain?

The digestive system of bellied pigs has a unique structure. Their stomach is smaller than that of other breeds, and their intestines are thinner. They cannot digest high fiber foods. What are the animals fed?

• compound feed;
• cereals and legumes;
• fresh herbs;
• bean hay;
• pumpkin;
• zucchini;
• apples.

Attention! Vietnamese piglets are given grain only in a steamed form, otherwise it is not digested.

Weight of Vietnamese piglets by months

Newborn babies weigh about 500 grams. If the body weight is much less than indicated, the chances of survival are low. Pigs are completely devoid of a layer of fat, so they are kept in a warm room.

In the first days of their lives, they feed only on mother's milk. With proper feeding, pigs of this breed quickly gain weight. The peak of muscle mass gain falls on the period from 2 to 4 months.

1 month

From the 10th day after birth, complementary foods are introduced into the diet of babies in the form of soft milk porridges, eggs, and hay. In order to prevent the development of anemia, pigs are given iron injections, since they receive a small portion of this substance with mother's milk.

The menu of piglets becomes diverse, vegetables, cereals and beans are added, so that they quickly gain weight. They still receive mother's milk. At the age of one month, the body weight of babies increases by almost 8–10 times and reaches 4–5 kg.

2 months

When the piglets are one month old, their growth slows down a bit. During this period, most farmers are in no hurry to take their babies away from their mother, because her milk helps to strengthen the immune system. Now the menu of animals includes the same food that adults eat.

The weight of a Vietnamese pig at 2 months is 10 kg. This is the norm, which should be guided by, although there are deviations in one direction or another. If they are small, there is no cause for concern.

3 months

At the age of 3 months, babies grow rapidly. At this time, hormonal changes occur, puberty begins. It is considered normal if the average daily weight gain during this period is 450-500 g. A three-month-old Vietnamese piglet weighs 15–20 kg.

Attention! When fattening for meat, young animals are introduced into the diet with mineral and vitamin supplements so that the animals are healthy.

4 to 7 months

At 4 months, the rate of weight gain is maximum. It is at this age that most farmers send young Vietnamese breeds for slaughter. The average weight of animals during this period is 32–35 kg. From the point of view of profitability, the further maintenance of pigs does not make sense.

Attention! After the slaughter of a four-month-old piglet, the net yield of meat is 75–80%.

The meat of young animals contains a small amount of fat, and there is almost no sebaceous layer in it. The product has a pleasant taste and a delicate texture. If the farmer's goal is to get bacon, then the piglet continues to be fattened for some more time.

By 6 months, with intensive fattening, Vietnamese piglets accumulate a delicate fat layer. The weight of animals by this time reaches 50 kg.

7 months to a year

The body weight of a bellied pig at 7 months is approaching 60–70 kg. After six months, with intensive fattening, a sebaceous layer accumulates in animals. It is important to properly feed the piglet, reducing the proportion of corn in the diet to 10%.

From the age of seven months, the weight of the pig increases gradually, on average, by 10 kg in 30 days. The average daily weight gain is 300–350 g. The body weight of a one-year-old boar is usually 100–120 kg. Females are slightly smaller and weigh 90–100 kg.

Attention! Walking is very important for Vietnamese pigs. The more time they spend outdoors and move, the better their metabolism.

Adult weight

At 1.5–2 years, weight gain in a Vietnamese pig stops. Individuals left for breeding have a good appetite and consume 700 g of porridge per day. The average body weight at this age is close to 125 kg.

Attention! Sows lose weight after farrowing, but then quickly recover.

When is a Vietnamese pig slaughtered?

Owners of small private farms prefer to slaughter piglets of this breed when they enter the phase of active growth, at 4 months. At this point, the net yield of tender pulp is 75-80%, and the product itself has excellent taste.

In industrial pig breeding, the optimal time for slaughtering a bellied pig is considered to be the age of 7 months, when the piglet weighs 70–80 kg, and more with intensive fattening. Experienced farmers know that it makes no sense to feed the animal longer - in the future, the pig will accumulate fat, while the quality of the meat will decrease.

Fattening Vietnamese piglets for meat is a profitable undertaking. These animals grow rapidly and become sexually mature early. Another plus of the breed is high fertility. The female is able to bring a litter consisting of 10-16 cubs. Within 4-5 months, each piglet will reach lethal condition.

The organization of agriculture takes a lot of time and money needed for its development. Calculating the live weight of a pig is relevant for private entrepreneurs and those who care about its proper development. If you can still figure out the breeding of animals, then the necessary technical equipment, accessories and devices for caring for agricultural cattle are in short supply. A common question after development of a gilt is how to calculate its live weight. The standard way to find out the mass of an animal is with the help of scales. The only problem in this case may be placing the pig on the scales, but the task can be dealt with, but without the existing scales, we are practically unarmed.

Several methods on how to calculate the live weight of a pig without weights

One of the measurement practices is based on calculating the volume of a pig using a centimeter. The measuring tape must be at least three meters long. Accurate measurements can be taken without feeding the animal for several hours before the start of the procedure. The correct position also affects the final measurements: the pig must stand still, the head and back form a straight line. Measurements are taken starting from the tail, stretching a centimeter to the back of the head (comb). Note the results and proceed to the next step: measure the girth of the chest, bending around the body of the pig behind the shoulder blades. The intersection of the length and girth of the body corresponds to the current mass.

The second measurement method is a specific interpretation of the previous version, but using a coefficient. To carry out calculations, we need to multiply the existing girth behind the shoulder blades by measurements of the length of the body. Enter the coefficient 142 and divide the resulting product by it. This method of calculating the live weight of a pig is suitable for corpulent animals, as it allows you to calculate the most accurate weight. It also refers to the calculation method "by eye" and can be applied to lean and medium fat pigs: 162 and 156.

The third mathematical way to measure the current weight of a pig is based on metric data and computational steps. We multiply the existing girth of the chest by 1.54. The length of the body, in turn, is multiplied by 0.99. we sum up the obtained figures and subtract 150 from their result. The finished figure will be the live weight of the pig.

Look for the tools and accessories necessary for the care and breeding of sine at

Every farmer who raises pigs must know exactly the weight of the animal at one time or another period of life. In a small farm, as a rule, it is not possible to weigh an adult pig, because its weight can reach 200-300 kg. In this case, it is important to know how to determine the weight of a pig without weighing. There are several ways to accurately determine the weight of an animal without scales.

The average weight of a pig directly depends on age, breed and diet. Each pig breeder needs to know the exact weight of the animal in order to correctly draw up a feeding schedule, determine the time of slaughter and the state of his health. So, for example, large white pigs reach very large sizes. It is among the representatives of this breed that there are often champions in weight gain. At home, an adult boar can weigh more than 350 kg, and a pig about 200-250 kg.

They have average weights. They rarely gain more than 200-250 kg. The average weight of an adult Vietnamese wild boar does not exceed 140-150 kg, and pigs weigh even less - 100-120 kg.

When fattening small piglets, it is important to pay attention to the correct preparation of the diet. After all, weight gain depends primarily on the quality and quantity of feed. Feeding a pregnant sow affects the weight of newborn piglets. At birth, a healthy piglet should weigh about 1 kg. Vietnamese piglets are born weighing 0.5 kg, while large white piglets weigh more than 1.5 kg. The better the mother eats, the more quality milk the babies get and the faster they gain the desired weight:

• In the first month of life, babies rapidly gain weight. 30 days after birth, the piglet should reach 8-9 kg.
• At the age of 2-3 months, a young boar weighs an average of 25 kg. The reason for this is the inclusion of additional dressings in the menu.
• From 3-4 months of age it starts on its own. Particular attention is paid to the calorie content of food. At the beginning of this period, the weight of the animal should already reach 50-60 kg.
• Six months after birth, the piglet is gaining 75-80 kg.
• By 7 months, fast fattening is stopped. The gilt reaches puberty and can already weigh about 110 kg.
• At the age of 10 months, this is already a completely adult animal, which is being prepared for mating and. The average weight at this age should be 130-140 kg, and sometimes a little less.

Methods for measuring the weight of pigs

There are three main methods for measuring the weight of a pig without weighing. Why you may need a special table, measuring tape or formula for calculation.

Sizing

Experienced and experienced pig breeders often determine the weight of a pig "by eye", without resorting to the help of scales and measurements. But the error in this case can be about 5-10 kg. To accurately find out the mass of a pig, you can use the measurement and the table:

• First, measure the length of the body of the pig. To do this, take a measuring tape, apply one end to the middle of the head and stretch along the spine, to the very tip of the tail. It is important that the animal stands still, without raising or lowering its head.
• The second necessary parameter is the measurement of the circumference of the chest. The chest is measured immediately behind the front legs, and the tape is passed through the shoulder blades, but without tightening.

Attention! This calculation method is recognized as the most accurate and correct, and is used even in large pig breeding complexes. For example, if the body length of a pig is 102 cm, and the chest circumference is 106 cm, then the animal weighs exactly 112 kg. Such a table is very convenient to use, both for experienced farmers and for beginners.

The data obtained are compared with a special table, in the upper part of which the measurements of the circumference of the chest are indicated, and on the side are the options for the length of the body. At the intersection of these measurements, the weight of the pig will be indicated.

A centimeter tape for measuring pigs can be replaced with a tape measure.

Using the same measurements, you can determine not only the live weight of the pig, but also the thickness of the fat, and also classify the animal into one of five quality categories:

• If the weight of a pig at eight months is 80-100 kg, then this is the first, meat category.
• Young pigs, weighing 50-150 kg and with a small fat layer, belong to the second category of quality.
• With a fat thickness of about 4 cm, the pig will have a third category.
• Wild boars that have gained more than 150 kg of weight fit into the fourth category, and suckling pigs into the fifth category.

To make the measurement results more accurate, you need to measure the parameters of the pig only in the morning, when it is hungry and not too active.

By age

It is difficult to determine the weight of a pig by age.

You can determine the weight of a pig given its age and breed. A milk pig of the Great White breed weighs about 9 kg, and a Vietnamese baby of the same age rarely reaches 4-5 kg. At three months, a healthy large-breed piglet should weigh over 25-30 kg, and by seven months, already 150 kg. Large white sows can gain up to 350 kg, although usually pigs do not weigh more than 200-250 kg.

But such a definition would not be accurate. After all, weight gain largely depends on the diet, the addition of vitamin supplements, and the conditions of detention. If the animal eats, then in six months it can gain 120 kg or more. Feeding waste from the kitchen or boiled potatoes will lead to the fact that the pig will reach such a mass only by the age of one.

With the help of coefficients

The body condition coefficient is the main indicator when calculating the weight of a pig.

Another method for calculating the live weight of a pig is to determine the weight using the body condition coefficient. It is important to correctly choose which of them the animal belongs to:

• In the case when the pig is rather thin, small, then the fatness coefficient is 162.
• If the animal is of medium size - 156, and with normal and high fatness, the coefficient will be 142.

When calculating weight, they also use the measurement of the length of the torso and chest girth. These indicators are multiplied, and then divided by one of the required coefficients. The result obtained will be the approximate live weight of the pig.

mass is 1.54 * X + 0.99 * K - 150;

This is done very simply. The chest girth is multiplied by 1.54, and the body length is multiplied by 0.99. The results obtained are added up, and 150 is subtracted from the amount received. The resulting figure will be the exact live weight of the pig.

Output after slaughter

The final yield of meat and fat depends on several main factors.

The weight of the pig after slaughter and the receipt of finished products depends on several factors. This can be affected not only by the sex of the animal, but also by age, degree of fatness, breed. The yield of pure meat and fat after slaughtering a 100-kilogram pig will be about 75%. If the weight of the boar is more than 130 kg, then the yield will be about 80%. With a weight of 180 kg or more, the finished product at the output will be up to 85%.

For example, a carcass weighing 110 kg is divided as follows:

• 23 kg of fat;
• 73 kg of meat;
• 10-11 kg of bones;
• 2-3 kg of waste.

That is, the fatter and fatter the animal, the more meat and fat you can get from it. The average weight of all internal organs can reach up to 3-4 kg, and the head often has a mass of about 7-9 kg. In order for the finished product to be of high quality and have a good presentation, you must be able to properly cut it.

The video shows how to determine the weight of a pig using measurements:

To determine the efficiency of rearing, it is necessary to know how much a pig weighs in order to predict the feasibility of its rearing. Control over the weight of the pig is carried out from the first month and lasts until it reaches the required size for slaughter. These indicators will allow to predict the final output of meat products, to determine the consumption of feed.

Pig weight by month

In order to draw up a diet and be able to adjust it, it is important to take into account the growth of the body weight of the pig. The average body weight of an animal will help give a rough estimate of how much pigs of different breeds weigh as they grow. If we compare such a breed as a large white and Vietnamese lop-bellied, then the mass of a newborn large white piglet will differ from Vietnamese herbivorous pigs.

Approximate data on body weight depending on age

Many other factors also affect the weight of the animal. The more the uterus brought piglets to farrowing, the less will be the mass of piglets. Conversely, if she brought a smaller number of piglets, then the mass of one piglet is greater. A sow of the same breed can have both multiple and small pregnancies, even when kept in the same conditions. Upon reaching the age of one month, the young are suckling. And during this period, their growth depends on the amount of milk in the female. Therefore, their precocity also depends on how well the piglets eat well. When fattening is used, piglets will have high weight gains. If the majority of the diet consists of grass, vegetables, fruits and little concentrated feed, then the rate of gaining muscle mass decreases.

Therefore, in order to determine how much a piglet weighs based on the average weight value each month, it is necessary to know what type of feeding is used for this animal. High-intensity breeds such as Landrace, Duroc and Large Whites are grown for 6 months. At the same time, males gain more mass than females.

Pigs of large meat breeds, which are used for intensive fattening, can gain a live weight of up to 350 kg, while the uterus weighs 100 kg or less. They are used for further reproduction of the herd in 10-12 months. At this time, their weight is optimal. The body is fully mature to create offspring. At this point, the male should weigh from 180 to 200 kg, and the female 120-140 kg. Herbivorous Asian pigs weigh 80 kilograms at 12 months, the maximum weight can reach 130-140 kg.

How to measure the weight of a pig

In large industrial enterprises for raising pigs for meat, you can easily find out the real weight and correlate it with the norms, as there are special devices for measuring the exact body weight of animals.

How to find out the weight of a pig without scales

In this case, even approximate data on the breed may not give an accurate estimate of the animal's body weight, therefore, weight measurements are used using special formulas. In pig breeding, several methods are used to get the most accurate end result. Body length is measured, as well as chest volume and calculations are made. Of course, this method may not give accurate results, but it will help to calculate the approximate body weight of the animal. If you know the coefficient, then you can calculate the yield of the mass of one head using the table by measurements. The pig weight table is used. To find out the weight of an animal, you need to use a measuring tape. A special tape for pigs is also sold, it is elastic and makes it easy to measure. After the necessary measurements have been made, the pig weight table can be applied. This will require 2 measurements.

Animal body length

A tape is taken and applied to the base of the occipital part and stretched along the back to the base of the tail, the indicator is fixed.

chest volume

The tape is drawn around the chest behind the shoulder blades, after the front legs. During the measurement process, it is necessary that the final result be accurate. Measurements are taken 2 hours before feeding. The animal must stand straight and keep its head straight. To determine the weight using the received data, you need to match the row and column and get the final result. The mass will have an approximate value, the error, on average, will be 7-8%.

Example: the body length of the pig is 1 m 14 centimeters, the chest volume is 1 m 20 cm, in this case the weight is 137 kg, +/- 2.5 kilograms. If the weight of the piglet is calculated and its length is 66 cm, and the chest volume is 72 cm, then the body weight is 28 kg. In this case, the error will be about 2 kg. If the animal weighs less than its age, then its diet is not nutritious enough.

How to find out the weight of a pig using the formula

After you have learned how to determine the weight using tables, you can use the definition of weight using special formulas. This method can be used if the table is not currently available. To do this, use the previously obtained measurements of body length and chest circumference. It is necessary to visually assess the animal. Since the coefficients used for the calculation will depend on this.

• Poorly fed animals will have a coefficient 162 . Visually, such a pig looks thin;
• If the animal has an average fatness, use the coefficient 156 ;
• If the pig is of normal body condition or fat, has a coefficient 142 .

Example: the animal has normal fatness, body length is 1 m 14 centimeters, chest volume is 1 m 20 cm, in this case the coefficient is 142. 114 x 120:142 = 96.3 kilograms. If the animal has an average fatness: 114 x 120:156 = 87.7 kg. A lean animal with poor fatness has a live weight: 114 x 120:162 = 84.4 kg.

Calculate the mass of the piglet

Example: 66x72 (with normal fatness of the animal, divide by 142) we get 33.4 kg. For a pig of average fatness: 66 x 72:156 = 30.5 kg. Skinny pig: 66 X 72: 162 = 29.3 kg.

For example: pig weight 120*1.54+114*0.99-150=147.6, piglet weight 72*1.54+66*0.99-150= 26.2 kg.

Despite the fact that the results obtained have different values, they will allow you to approximately determine the body weight of the animal without weights. Measurements allow you to determine the mass without the use of measuring instruments. This method allows you to evaluate the effectiveness of fattening and calculate the dosage of the necessary drugs. Also, this method allows you to give an approximate estimate of the yield of the final product. And to predict how much meat will end up after slaughtering a large number of animals.

To determine the approximate weight of an animal, a pig weight table is usually used. It was compiled according to the results of measuring the body. However, there are tables that determine the weight depending on the age of the pig. Of course, in this case, approximate values ​​\u200b\u200bof the mass of the animal are obtained. These tables can be adjusted during use, during control measurements of piglets. Data, first of all, is needed to adjust the amount of feed during the growth period of animals and calculate medicines in case of illness.

Often there are times when you need to know the weight of a pig, but there is no appropriate equipment on the farm

Often there are times when you need to find out the weight of a pig, but there is no appropriate equipment on the farm. And then the question arises of how to determine the weight of a pig without weights. Many experienced breeders can approximate the weight of their piglets "by eye", to within 10 kg. This parameter depends on many factors: breed, age, conditions of detention, diet, etc.

Using practical data from the measurements and weighing of animals, a table was compiled of the dependence of their weight on size. The results of measuring the circumference of the chest are plotted horizontally, starting from 60 cm and then after 4 cm, and vertically - the length of the body from a value of 38 cm with the same interval. To do this, the chest girth along the shoulder blades and the length of the body from the root of the tail to the line of the back of the head are measured in the animal. To obtain a more accurate result, the animal should keep its head straight. Then, according to the table, at the intersection of the obtained values, an approximate result is read. To make it more accurate, measurements are taken before the first feeding of the animal. Such a table has an error of 4-11%.

To determine the approximate weight of an animal, a pig weight table is usually used.

In some small farms, farmers adjust the live weight values ​​in the table based on the results of the control weighing and compile it for each. Before measuring the weight of the pig on the scales, it is driven out of the pen and placed on a special platform. For an animal, this is a stressful state, during which it loses 2-2.5% of its live weight. Therefore, this is how the mass of an adult pig is determined before being slaughtered. In other cases, measurements and tables are used.

Sorting piglets for fattening (video)

Calculation methods

Sometimes you need to know the weight of a pig without scales and tables. There are several ways to determine the approximate live weight of a pig. In it, the calculation of the mass is carried out depending on the fatness of the pig. There are 3 degrees of fatness, for which their coefficients are determined:

• weak - 162;
• average - 156;
• good - 142.

To determine the live weight, the pig is measured in exactly the same way as in the previous case. Fatness is determined approximately, "by eye". Then the measurement results in centimeters are multiplied and divided by the selected coefficient. The result obtained will be an indicator of the live weight of the pig. This method is the most approximate, but is suitable for determining the mass of both adults and small pigs.

There is a relationship between the weight of a piglet and its age. The data is obtained by practical weighing of the animal and entered in the table. It is compiled in much the same way as the table above. The exact weight data depends on many factors. These are the breed of pigs, the conditions of detention, the number of heads in the corral, feeding norms, etc.

Determination of live weight is possible with an accuracy of 2-8 kg, depending on the age of the piglets. After repeated correction of the data, the accuracy of the determination increases significantly.

With good feeding, piglets are actively gaining weight and at 6 months the average weight of a pig reaches 100-110 kg. If animals are raised for sale or for meat, their further maintenance is unprofitable. They will grow more slowly, and gain weight due to the increase in fat, which will increase its yield. If the weight of the pig, determined from the weight table, does not match the data on how much the pig weighs by month, then most likely the problem is in the feed, in its composition or quantity.

In order to find out how much a piglet weighs, you can use not only electronic and mechanical floor scales, but also canter scales. Usually they weigh animals up to 3-4 months. This process can be carried out directly in the paddock. When measured in this way, the piglet does not give in to stress, and the process itself is much faster.

Weight of Vietnamese piglets (video)

Slaughter yield of meat

This is the ratio of carcass weight after slaughter and processing to live weight before slaughter, expressed as a percentage. Knowing the weight of an adult pig, it is easy to determine how much meat will come out. This is especially necessary for those farmers who sell their products on their own. The weight of a wild boar before slaughter is a determining indicator of meat yield. When slaughtered, the boar is bled, gutted, cut off at the joints of the leg, and in some cases the skin is removed from it. Leftover meat, lard and bones are a lethal outlet. On average, the yield of meat and fat is about 77%, and without offal - 66%.

There is a relationship between the weight of a piglet and its age.

The number of bones in a 100 kg pork carcass is about 10 kg (10%). This is almost 2.5 times less than in beef and mutton carcasses, and meat - 20-25% more. After slaughter, a pig weighs an average of 100-110 kg. Fat in such a carcass is approximately 3-3.5 times less than meat, and the ratio will be 20-23 and 70-73 kg, respectively. By weighing, you can determine the yield of by-products. It usually amounts to:

• heart - 0.35 kg;
• lungs - 0.8 kg;
• liver - 1.5 kg;
• kidneys - 0.25 kg

The head of a 100 kg carcass will weigh about 8 kg. After slaughtering and determining the weight, the carcass is divided into 2 half carcasses of pork. Experienced carvers do this with a sharpened ax, cutting it exactly in the middle of the ridge. When obtained, 2 absolutely identical parts of a half-carcass of pork are obtained. After that, they are suspended to cool and remove excess moisture. For this, a cold dark room is used. Then fully prepared half-carcasses can be transported to the market or sent for storage in a cold store.

If the animal is slaughtered for its own consumption, then half-carcasses of pork are usually immediately cut into pieces. There is no single standard for home cutting, and each butcher does it in his own way. Next, the meat must be weighed and then left to ripen. So you can determine not only the weight of each butchered part, but also the slaughter yield of meat.

It's easy on your own. It is necessary to attend this procedure several times, preferably as an assistant. It is advisable to do this with several different butchers, since each of them has its own characteristics in cutting. Gutting the carcass requires special care. If the intestines are damaged and the contents enter the peritoneum, the meat will acquire a characteristic unpleasant odor and, accordingly, its output will decrease. Therefore, to obtain a product of a good presentation, it is necessary to carry out all work on carcass cutting carefully.