Amazing properties of water. Presentation "properties of water" Download presentation on the topic of the amazing properties of water

Water does not wet everything The molecules of a liquid are attracted to each other more strongly than to the molecules of a solid. As a result of the attractive force between the molecules of the liquid, it is collected into a droplet. This is how mercury behaves on glass, water on paraffin or greasy surfaces.

Surface tension The thermodynamic characteristic of the interface between two phases in equilibrium, determined by the work of the reversible isotherm of the kinetic formation of a unit area of ​​this interface, provided that the temperature, volume of the system and the chemical potentials of all components in both phases remain constant.

Why is water the universal solvent? Water is electrically neutral. But the electric charge inside the molecule is unevenly distributed: in the region of hydrogen atoms, a positive charge prevails, in the region where oxygen is located, the negative charge density is higher. Therefore, a particle of water is a dipole. This property of the water molecule explains its ability to orient itself in an electric field and attach itself to other molecules that carry a charge. If the energy of attraction of water molecules to the molecules of a substance is greater than the energy of attraction between water molecules, then the substance dissolves.

19 states of water Scientists distinguish at least 5 different states of water in liquid form and 14 states in frozen form. no matter what you do, at -38°C even the purest super-chilled water will suddenly turn into ice. What happens as the temperature drops further? At -120°C, something strange begins to happen to water: it becomes super-viscous or viscous, like molasses, and at temperatures below -135°C, it turns into "glassy" or "glassy" water - a solid substance that lacks crystalline structure.

Water surprises physicists In 1995, scientists conducted a neutron scattering experiment with an unexpected result: physicists found that neutrons directed at water molecules "see" 25% fewer hydrogen protons than expected. It turned out that at the speed of one second (seconds) an unusual quantum effect takes place, and the chemical formula of water instead of H 2 O becomes H 1.5 O!

Conclusion Water cannot wet greasy surfaces Water is electrically neutral Hot water freezes faster than cold water Scientists identify 19 states of water: 5 in liquid form and 14 in frozen form At the speed of one second (seconds), the chemical formula of water instead of H 2 O becomes H 1.5 O

References D.E., Technique and production. M., 1972 Khomchenko G.P., Chemistry for applicants to universities. M., 1995 Prokofiev M.A., Encyclopedic Dictionary of a Young Chemist. M., 1982. Glinka N.L., General chemistry. Leningrad, 1984. Akhmetov N.S., Inorganic chemistry. Moscow, 1992

Why is water ?

• Water is an amazing chemical compound studied not only by chemists, but also by physicists. The chemical composition of waters can be the same, and their effect on the body is different. Because each water was formed in specific circumstances. Water is not only the most common, but at the same time the most important liquid in the environment, water is the life of all living things.

The structure of the water molecule

The simplest model of the water molecule accepted today is the tetrahedron. Tetrahedron (model): a – view of the water molecule from the side of hydrogen atoms; b – view of the water molecule from the side of the oxygen atom; c - charges (electrons located in a water molecule in the form of a tetrahedron) In reality, single water molecules do not exist at normal temperature and pressure. There are several hypotheses describing the structure and properties of water associates. However, a common understanding has not yet been reached.

Anomalous thermal properties of water

• At +4 C, water at this temperature is heavier than at any other, and therefore will always sink to the bottom in the reservoir. As a result of these processes, mixing of water layers will always occur in the reservoir. And this is very important for life, since the water at the bottom of any quiet pond or lake is always poor in oxygen, and if there was no mixing of water, the inhabitants of the reservoir would begin to suffocate from its lack.

Abnormally high heat capacity

• Water, when heated by one degree, absorbs 5 to 30 times more heat than any other substance. Therefore, those processes that occur in our body during intense muscular work do not cause such a high rise in temperature as it would be in the case of other liquids.

The ability to give off heat to the environment during evaporation.

• As you know, water, evaporating from the surface of the body of a person, animals and plants, protects them from overheating.

Another extremely important property of water is its exceptionally high surface tension. .

• Molecules on the surface of water experience the action of intermolecular attraction from one side. Since the forces of intermolecular interaction in water are abnormally large, each molecule floating on the surface of the water is, as it were, drawn into the water layer.

Extension

For this experience, I needed

Empty bottle

Paint (for clarity)

Abnormal behavior of water when freezing

• One of these unique properties of water is its ability to expand when it freezes. After all, all substances during freezing, that is, during the transition from a liquid to a solid state, are compressed, and water, on the contrary, expands. At the same time, its volume increases by 9%.

Why does water expand?

• This is due to the molecular structure of ice: when freezing, the molecules are located at a considerable distance from each other, forming a loose structure of ice, thereby increasing volume, but maintaining mass, thus, water in a solid state (ice) is lighter than in liquid.

What does freezing do?

• When frozen, it provides ice floating, that is, it preserves life under the ice. Falling into small cracks, which are always found in stones, rainwater expands when it freezes and destroys the stone. Thus, gradually, the stone surface becomes capable of sheltering plants that, with their roots, complete this process of destruction of stones and lead to the formation of soil on the slopes of the mountains.

Nikitin Ivan

Research work for participation in the scientific-practical conference.

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The amazing properties of water were completed by: Nikitin Ivan MBOU Gymnasium No. 4 3 "A" class

Purpose of the work To find out what properties water has and how a person uses them

Work plan Study information about water, find interesting facts in books, the Internet. Conduct experiments to study the properties of water. Find out where a person uses the considered properties of water.

Quotes about water “Water, you have no taste, no color, no smell, you cannot be described, you are enjoyed without knowing what you are. You are not only necessary for life, you are life.” Antoine de Saint-Exupery "Although there is no object in the world that is weaker and softer than water, it can destroy the hardest object." Lao Tzu “Water is the beauty of all nature. Water is alive, it runs or is agitated by the wind, it moves and gives life and movement to everything around it. S.A. Aksakov

Interesting facts about water A person needs about 2 liters of water a day Without water, a person can only live for six days The body of an adult consists of 70% water, a child - 80% During his life a person drinks about 35 tons of water And 33 liters of water can be boiled with energy human body excreted per day Contaminated groundwater is purified over several millennia

Marvelous! The largest raindrop was 9.4 centimeters in size! Such drops fell on the USA. The longest continuous rain fell in India for almost two years! The largest hailstone weighed one kilogram and two grams! She landed in Bangladesh. The thickness of the cloud in the sky can be more than Mount Everest, its thickness can reach sixteen kilometers! An iceberg can melt for as long as ten years.

DEW POND CLOUDS SNOW FOG VAPOR HORROW WHAT WATER WE KNOW

Water properties

In order to learn more about the properties of water, I conducted a series of experiments. Will the needle sink? (surface tension) Match star Real flowers Does salt water freeze? Water expands when it freezes

Will the needle sink? (surface tension) A piece of a napkin with a needle was placed on the surface of the water With the help of another needle, the napkin was lowered to the bottom of the cup The needle remained on the surface of the water The water molecules try to be as close as possible and are attracted to each other, "pulling" the surface of the water. Surface tension keeps the needle in the water

Star from matches (capillary phenomenon) We take 5 matches, break them in half and bend them at an angle Fold them with corners towards the center This is how the figure turned out Drop a few drops of water into the center After a while the matches straighten out, forming a star The reason for the phenomenon called capillarity is that wood fibers absorb moisture. She crawls further and further along the capillaries. The tree swells, and its surviving fibers "get fat", and can no longer bend much and begin to straighten out.

Fresh flowers We cut out flowers from colored paper We twist the petals to the center and lower them into a bowl of water After a while, the petals will begin to straighten The petals have straightened completely Paper consists of fibers. They look like very thin tubes. When the paper gets wet, the tubes fill with water and the paper swells. At the fold, the paper also swells and the petals straighten. (capillary phenomenon)

Does salt water freeze? We took two identical cups of water In the cup under the letter "B" they put a large amount of salt and put it in the freezer overnight. After standing in the freezer all night, the salt water in the cup "B" did not freeze, but ice crystals formed in the cup. The fresh water in the glass "A" turned into ice.

Water expands when it freezes. Ordinary tap water was poured into a glass ... ... and put into the freezer for the night. The next day we took out a glass of frozen water. It can be seen that the ice has risen in a tubercle. In water, the molecules move randomly, so it takes the shape of the vessel in which it is poured. Ice, on the other hand, has a clear crystalline structure, while the distances between ice molecules are greater than between water molecules, so ice takes up more space than water, that is, it expands.

What properties of water are used in everyday life In everyday life, all the properties of water that I have considered are used

What properties of water are used in industry Capillarity No form Solvent Evaporates Fluidity Colorless Odorless Tasteless

What properties of water are used in agriculture and animal husbandry Fluidity Evaporation Capillarity Solvent Surface tension Colorless Tasteless Odorless No definite form Transparent

What properties of water are used in shipping and power plants Fluidity Evaporation Surface tension Colorless, tasteless and odorless

Rest Colorless, tasteless and odorless Fluidity Surface tension

Water is the greatest wealth of man The earth is 70% covered with water and the natural cycle of water is constantly maintained in nature: it evaporates from the surface of water bodies, and then falls in the form of precipitation: rain or snow. But still, some areas of the globe are constantly suffering from a lack of fresh water. That is why it is worth remembering that water is the greatest wealth given to us by nature, and every drop of it is precious, because human life is impossible without water.

While doing the work, I learned a lot of interesting things about water. But there are still many questions: What is living and dead water? What is hard water and what is soft water? Water can give life, it can also destroy How is water treated?

Foreword This work is a continuation of the Living and Dead Water project, and has its continuation in the form of a practical part (the study of the "memory" of water by influencing water with our emotional state, music and our words) This work is a continuation of the Living and Dead Water project ”, and has its continuation in the form of a practical part (the study of the “memory” of water by influencing water with our emotional state, music and our words)

Fundamental question: does water have a memory Problematic issues: 1. Basic structures of water crystals 1. Basic structures of water crystals 2. "Water and music" 2. "Water and music" 3. "Water and human health" 3. "Water and health human" 4. "Hexed water". 4. "Spoken water". 5. "Methods of cleaning water from information." 5. "Methods of cleaning water from information."

We use water every day. We are so used to it that we do not even think about what a huge role it plays in our lives. Suffice it to say that the body is 70% water. Water is involved in all processes that ensure the vital activity of the human body. Water is part of all food products. We use water every day. We are so used to it that we do not even think about what a huge role it plays in our lives. Suffice it to say that the body is 70% water. Water is involved in all processes that ensure the vital activity of the human body. Water is part of all food products. If a person can live without food for several months, then without water - no more than a week. If a person can live without food for several months, then without water - no more than a week.

The structure of the water molecule The water molecule has an angular structure; its constituent nuclei form an isosceles triangle, at the base of which there are two protons, and at the top is the nucleus of an oxygen atom. The internuclear distances of OH are close to 0.1 nm, the distance between the nuclei of hydrogen atoms is approximately 0.15 nm.

The main properties of water: According to its chemical structure, water is supposed to melt and boil at low temperatures, but this did not happen only because water violated the law and boils at a temperature of +100 ° C, and melts at 0 ° C. According to its chemical structure, water is supposed to melt and boil at low temperatures, but this did not happen only because water violated the law and boils at a temperature of +100 ° C, but melts at 0 ° C. Due to the exceptional ability of water to absorb heat, its temperature changes little when heated and cooled, so marine life is never threatened by either strong overheating or excessive cooling, and the ocean is the greatest heat accumulator. Due to the exceptional ability of water to absorb heat, its temperature changes little when heated and cooled, so marine life is never threatened by either strong overheating or excessive cooling, and the ocean is the greatest heat accumulator. It takes five and a half times more heat to evaporate water than to boil it. If water did not have this property - to slowly evaporate even in the heat - many lakes and rivers would quickly dry up, and all life would perish in them. To evaporate water, it will take five and a half times more heat than to boil it. . If water did not have this property - even in the heat to slowly evaporate - many lakes and rivers would quickly dry up, and all life in them would die. It turns out that freezing water also gives off a lot of heat. One liter of water, turning into ice, can heat 250,000 liters of air by 1 °C - this is the volume of air. It turns out that freezing water also gives off a lot of heat. One liter of water, turning into ice, can heat 250,000 liters of air by 1 °C - this is the volume of air.

Basic properties of water: Freezing, water expands by 9% in relation to the previous volume. Therefore, ice is always lighter than unfrozen water and floats upwards. In addition, ice, like water, is a good heat insulator, so a rare body of water freezes to the bottom, and marine animals are not very cold. Freezing, water expands by 9% in relation to the previous volume. Therefore, ice is always lighter than unfrozen water and floats upwards. In addition, ice, like water, is a good heat insulator, so a rare body of water freezes to the bottom, and marine animals are not very cold. Water compresses when cooled, but at +4 °C it reaches its limit, then it begins to expand again, although the temperature continues to drop. Water compresses when cooled, but at +4 °C it reaches its limit, then it begins to expand again, although the temperature continues to drop. Of all liquids except mercury, water has the highest surface tension. Of all liquids except mercury, water has the highest surface tension. Water is the best solvent in the world! Water is the best solvent in the world! Pure distilled water is almost non-conductive. Pure distilled water is almost non-conductive. The electrical conductivity of aqueous solutions, such as salts, is high. The electrical conductivity of aqueous solutions, such as salts, is high.

The basis of the structure of water crystals - well-known snowflakes - is a hexagon, it is from its formation that crystallization begins. And around this hexagon, ornaments decorating it can appear. The appearance of these decorations, as well as the color of the crystal, is determined by the information previously perceived by water. The basis of the structure of water crystals - well-known snowflakes - is a hexagon, it is from its formation that crystallization begins. And around this hexagon, ornaments decorating it can appear. The appearance of these ornaments, as well as the color of the crystal, is determined by the information previously perceived by the water.

Japanese researcher Masaru Emoto has been studying water for more than twenty years. Rather, he takes pictures of her crystals, which he receives in his laboratory, and then analyzes the pictures under a microscope with a magnification of several hundred times. These long-term studies allowed the scientist to make an amazing, truly sensational discovery. Japanese researcher Masaru Emoto has been studying water for more than twenty years. Rather, he takes pictures of her crystals, which he receives in his laboratory, and then analyzes the pictures under a microscope with a magnification of several hundred times. These long-term studies allowed the scientist to make an amazing, truly sensational discovery.

Investigating ordinary distilled water, Masaru Emoto discovered that the form of crystals formed from it can be very diverse, and their appearance depends on the nature of the information impact on water before it crystallizes. Investigating ordinary distilled water, Masaru Emoto discovered that the form of crystals formed from it can be very diverse, and their appearance depends on the nature of the information impact on water before it crystallizes. Basic structures of water crystals

Bach, "Air for the G string" Hard rock Crystals and music

These photographs of crystals showed incredible reflections of water as being alive and highly receptive to our every emotion and thought. It is absolutely clear that water easily accepts the effects of vibrations and energies, both toxic and polluted, and pristine environment. These photographs of crystals showed incredible reflections of water as being alive and highly receptive to our every emotion and thought. It is absolutely clear that water easily accepts the effects of vibrations and energies, both toxic and polluted, and pristine environment. The extraordinary work of Masaru Emoto is a great showcase and a powerful tool that can forever change the way we perceive ourselves and the world we live in. We now have important evidence that we can heal and transform ourselves and our planet with the power of thought. The extraordinary work of Masaru Emoto is a great showcase and a powerful tool that can forever change the way we perceive ourselves and the world we live in. We now have important evidence that we can heal and transform ourselves and our planet with the power of thought.

Our research: Not being able to observe water crystals, we tried to simply freeze the water from our well in a plastic bottle for 4 days at a temperature of about -8 degrees. Then they opened the bottle and found that in the middle the water was not frozen in a volume of 120 ml. This can be explained by the fact that with gradual crystallization from the sides, all foreign impurities are displaced from the ice crystal lattice and collect in the center, increasing the concentration of impurities in water, which leads to a decrease in the freezing point of water towards lower temperatures. In the center is a cavity with unfrozen water Unfrozen water

Our research After seeing that the water from our well was of poor quality, I decided to investigate the impact of water quality on public health. Turning to the district hospital, I received the following data on the incidence of polyarthritis in the population. Of the 8 surveyed sites in 3 settlements (village of Yadrino, Izambaevo, Poshnary), artesian wells do not work, the rest of the settlements use water from artesian wells. We got interesting (quite expected) results. We got interesting (quite expected) results.

The incidence of the population (in %) with polyarthritis in the territory of the Yadrinsky rural settlement. (polyarthritis is directly related to the quality of water consumed - salt deposition) Yadrino15074.7 Izambaevo40082 Poshnary30062 Yanymovo70050.7 Chebakovo80030.37 Mochary24020.8 Alekseevka15000 N. Yadrino7000 The first 3 settlements consume water from wells, the rest from artesian wells.

Conclusions: 1. The incidence of polyarthritis directly depends on the quality of water used 2. The quality of water from wells is an order of magnitude worse than from artesian wells 3. The lowest quality water in the village. Yadrino Diagram of the incidence of polyarthritis in the population of the Yadrinsky rural settlement

The wonderful properties of water do not end there. It is able to transmit information, "remember" words and thoughts, turn on the mechanism of healing in the human body. Water cleanses not only from physical, material dirt, but also from energy dirt. The most affordable way to cleanse an object from energy dirt is to cleanse it with water. To do this, hold it in water for three days, changing the water every day. The result will not keep you waiting. You can also hold the item in running water for about an hour to cleanse. To remove negative energy programs, you yourself need to take a contrast shower: cool - hot - cool - hot - cool. Required in this order. You can take a bath. To do this, you need to clearly imagine while sitting (lying) in the bathroom that all the energy dirt descends from you into the water. To enhance the cleansing effect, you can dissolve sea salt in the bath - it collects negative energy. The wonderful properties of water do not end there. It is able to transmit information, "remember" words and thoughts, turn on the mechanism of healing in the human body. Water cleanses not only from physical, material dirt, but also from energy dirt. The most affordable way to cleanse an object from energy dirt is to cleanse it with water. To do this, hold it in water for three days, changing the water every day. The result will not keep you waiting. You can also hold the item in running water for about an hour to cleanse. To remove negative energy programs, you yourself need to take a contrast shower: cool - hot - cool - hot - cool. Required in this order. You can take a bath. To do this, you need to clearly imagine while sitting (lying) in the bathroom that all the energy dirt descends from you into the water. To enhance the cleansing effect, you can dissolve sea salt in the bath - it collects negative energy. Our advice:

Water also has a powerful protective potential. If you have troubles, bad mood, poor health (associated not with a physical illness, but with depression), take a shower or bath. Morning shower energizes for the whole day. Strengthen its action infusions of herbs (oak bark, chamomile, lavender, fragrant fees). When you swim in the water (river), you should not spit in it. Water in response to this will punish with diseases. She hears and understands human speech. You can not send curses to the river even during a disaster - the punishment will only increase. Energy-very strong water for Agrafena-bathing (July 6), Ivan Kupala (July 7), Epiphany (January 19) and Pure (Great) Thursday (Thursday before Easter). Water also has a powerful protective potential. If you have troubles, bad mood, poor health (associated not with a physical illness, but with depression), take a shower or bath. Morning shower energizes for the whole day. Strengthen its action infusions of herbs (oak bark, chamomile, lavender, fragrant fees). When you swim in the water (river), you should not spit in it. Water in response to this will punish with diseases. She hears and understands human speech. You can not send curses to the river even during a disaster - the punishment will only increase. Energy-very strong water for Agrafena-bathing (July 6), Ivan Kupala (July 7), Epiphany (January 19) and Pure (Great) Thursday (Thursday before Easter). Our advice:

If you had a bad dream, then hold your hands under running water (an open tap is fine) and remember your dream. The water will take him away. When circumstances are unsuccessful, step over the flowing water (stream, river - over the bridge, ditch). If your relationship with your loved one goes wrong, go to the pond together. Soon you will definitely make peace, and the bad after such visits to the water will definitely go away. If you sincerely love a person, but are afraid or embarrassed to admit it, say a confession to the water. It is necessary to slander the water in such a way that the water oscillates from your breath. Give water to drink to the object of love. Drinking water will definitely convey your feelings to a person. Since water tends to carry away not only bad, but also good, it is not recommended to sing in the bathroom. When you sing, you are not just in a good mood, but in a state of happiness (usually). Water will carry away absolutely any of your sensations and states, including the feeling of happiness. In ancient times, cheerful, soulful songs were never sung over the river. The river was recited. Listed their pain, which the water carried away. It has always been so. It'll be this way forever. If you had a bad dream, then hold your hands under running water (an open tap is fine) and remember your dream. The water will take him away. When circumstances are unsuccessful, step over the flowing water (stream, river - over the bridge, ditch). If your relationship with your loved one goes wrong, go to the pond together. Soon you will definitely make peace, and the bad after such visits to the water will definitely go away. If you sincerely love a person, but are afraid or embarrassed to admit it, say a confession to the water. It is necessary to slander the water in such a way that the water oscillates from your breath. Give water to drink to the object of love. Drinking water will definitely convey your feelings to a person. Since water tends to carry away not only bad, but also good, it is not recommended to sing in the bathroom. When you sing, you are not just in a good mood, but in a state of happiness (usually). Water will carry away absolutely any of your sensations and states, including the feeling of happiness. In ancient times, cheerful, soulful songs were never sung over the river. The river was recited. Listed their pain, which the water carried away. It has always been so. It'll be this way forever. Our advice:

To "zero" water, it must be boiled or frozen (you can also evaporate and condense). So the water loses all the information it has consumed. This is confirmed by photographs of the structure of water, (they said to the water in one glass: I hate you! And to the other water: I love you! Then both samples were frozen ... the structure was naturally different. Then they thawed the same water and looked at the structure, it was found that the structure of water has changed and lost the negative and positive that was invested in it ... To "zero" water, it must be boiled or frozen (you can also evaporate and condense). So the water loses all the information that it consumed. Confirms these are photographs of the structure of water, (they said to the water in one glass: I hate you! And to the other water: I love you! Then both samples were frozen ... the structure was naturally different. Then they thawed the same water and looked at the structure, it was found that the structure water has changed and lost the negative and positive that was invested in it ... Our advice: