Own business: breeding and selling decorative birds. Complete duck breeding business plan

To start your own business, it is not necessary to have huge capitals or connections, you can start with a simple one, for example, to breed ducks for sale. It would seem that this is not a very respectable business, but the income from it can be huge. First you need to understand all the nuances and draw up a business plan with different development options.

Such a big small business

Profitability and benefits

Ducks are one of the most popular poultry, not only because they are tasty, but also because they can bring in quite a tangible income.

Usually sent for sale:

1. Duck meat (usually the age of the bird for slaughter is about 2 months);
2. by-products;

2.1. Eggs (go for sale and incubators);

2.2. Feather and down (in sewing studios);

2.3. Manure (for fertilizer for summer residents);

1. Ducklings.

Thus, it turns out five goods that are in demand among the population. Such a business plan is good because you can vary the size of the initial investment depending on the opportunities. After the investment pays off, the profitability is 50-70%.

The cost of 1 kilogram of duck meat is about 250 rubles, so more than a million rubles can be earned from a population of 1,500 ducks per year. And for offal (pen 150-300 rubles per kg.), On average, there is an income of about 135,000 rubles per calendar year. This is a great income for a home business.

The costs of such a farm consist of:

• Permanent (construction of premises, equipment, feeding and drinking systems, slaughter equipment) - about 2 million rubles.
• Negotiable (buying ducklings, feed, paying employees, unplanned expenses) - about 0.5 million.

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The amount of costs may vary, since each region has its own prices for equipment and duck feed. Approximately in the Moscow region, a ton of feed costs from 7,500 to 8,500 rubles. Before opening a business, you need to look at all the prices in the region and draw up a rough plan.

Breed selection

Today, there are many breeds of ducks and you need to choose which one will be the most profitable and bring the most income. If the main goal of the business is meat, then you should choose a meat breed that gains the maximum number of kilograms in a short time.

These breeds include:

If the goal is to sell eggs, then it is worth choosing an Indian. However, breeding ducks only for eggs is less profitable, since chickens can be kept with the same success. It is much more promising to use meat and egg-bearing: broilers or blue ducks.

The most common ducks:

- Beijing, because she does not eat much and gains up to three kilograms in two months, gives up to 150 eggs annually.

- an Indian who has dietary meat and brings up to 200 eggs a year.

You can buy two drakes of different breeds and 10 ducks for them. With these two families, you can get a higher income.

Conditions of detention

Breeding ducks is quite simple and does not require any supernatural conditions. To breed a minimum of 50 individuals, an area of ​​at least 100 m² is required. In such a territory, you can separately keep ducklings and raise large birds.

From the equipment you will need:

• poultry house for ducks;
• poultry house for ducklings;
• Pond (optional)
• Freezer;
• Incubator;
• Feather removal machine;
• feeder;
• Drinker (nipple or drip);
• heating system;
• Nests.

Part of the shed can be used for the poultry house, making sure the room is free of drafts, dampness and well lit. If an indo-duck is grown, then it is worth making a high corral, since this bird flies.

Poultry houses for ducklings need to be illuminated around the clock and kept warm there at about 28-30 degrees. Also, there should always be clean bedding - hay or cloth.

You will need a place for walking - if the ducks sit in the corral all the time, then they quickly deposit fat, which spoils the meat. A pond will help save money on food - ducks are happy to eat algae, plankton and river grass.

All equipment and maintenance costs must be written into the business plan in advance.

Feeding

Ducks are unpretentious in nutrition and omnivorous, just like geese. In winter they eat three times a day, in summer two. There are two main feeding methods:

• Dry;
• Wet.

The first way is simpler: it is enough to buy food and just sprinkle it on the ducks. The wet method involves mixing various vegetables with chopped grass (tops from carrots and beets, nettles, etc.) and dressing them with whey or broth.

For Peking ducks and others with a fast metabolism, food should be constantly in the feeders. And the chicks will have to be fed and watered for the first week, since they will not be able to do it on their own yet.

Geese and ducks together

Geese can also be kept along with ducks, because they are similar birds. But you need to know some of the subtleties of such a business.

Geese are fed a similar diet, however they require the addition of peas, cereals, salt, industrial fat and powdered milk. Also, for geese, it is necessary to purchase and add mineral components and green additives to their food, while ducks can do without them.

Geese can only be housed with ducks if they were raised together from chickens. Otherwise, you should not take risks and settle the birds separately. Geese are more cocky and can start a fight, so it's better not to keep them together on the run.

Raising ducks and geese together will bring more profit than either species, but you should be prepared for various problems that will arise in the process of cohabitation.

If we compare the breeding of geese and ducks (who is more profitable), then the answer will be - ducks. The cost of goose meat is about 500 rubles, fluff - 150, liver about 500 rubles. For a year, from a livestock of 1500 pieces, you can take a profit of 960-1760 thousand rubles, but you need to look at the capabilities of your region. Ducks grow faster than geese, and that is why the profit from them will be greater.

Business plan

Like any business, raising ducks requires a business plan in which all planned expenses and income must be entered. If an individual entrepreneur is planned, then it is necessary, and if there is no state registration, then a plan “for oneself” is needed, which will help control the business.

In the duck farm plan, the expense section must include:

• Land acquisition costs;
• Equipment purchase costs;
• The cost of ducks;
• Feed for the first months (based on 10 kg/m per bird);
• Costs for electricity, water and transport;
• Employee salary costs.

The business plan should include items such as:

• from whom it is planned to buy ducks,
• who will supply the feed;
• where meat and other products will be sold.

These three points will ensure the smooth functioning of the duck farm and the business with a constant income.

Proper business registration

To begin with, it is worth determining whether the business will be officially registered? It depends on the expected production volumes: if up to 5 tons of meat, then state registration is not needed. But if volumes of more than 5 tons of meat are planned, then it is necessary to register as an individual entrepreneur in state bodies, register the business officially and pay taxes.

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For the sale of meat, regardless of the legal form of business, documents are required confirming the health of ducks and allowing the sale of meat. This happens in 4 steps:

• The veterinarian examines the ducks before slaughter and issues an appropriate health certificate.
• The veterinarian is present at the slaughter of ducks and issues a certificate that it is done correctly.
• At the local veterinary station, you need to obtain a certificate authorizing the transportation of meat to the market.
• At the market, the meat is inspected and a permit is issued for its sale.

Implementation

To maintain a stable income, and in order to increase the profitability of the business, first of all, it is necessary to establish reliable distribution channels. For meat and eggs, these can be:

• Markets;
• supermarkets;
• The shops;
• Restaurants and cafes;
• Neighbors and acquaintances.

To sell feathers and down, you need to find a tailoring studio or open your own. And there will be two home businesses. You can also sell manure to summer residents and gardeners, as duck waste is extremely useful for plants. You can also increase income and build a business at the expense of waste.

There are difficulties in breeding ducks at home as a business, but the right approach to organizing and planning can solve all problems, and income will only inspire you to continue running your own business.

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Video: Home farm Indo-ducks Muscovy ducks

Many poultry farmers who keep on their site for a long time and who are fascinated by the process of breeding and keeping these birds are seriously thinking about organizing a duck farm, which can become not only a source of food for the family, but also the main family income. - this is a great business idea that you will like and will be very captivating in the organization process.

This article will write a detailed business plan for a duck farm, the difficulties you will encounter, as well as the costs. We will also tell you what a duck farm should be like and how to organize it.

This business plan is most suitable for those people who have already been involved in keeping and breeding ducks, who already know many aspects and difficulties in this matter. The purpose of this publication is to prove that you can make great money in this business.

Below is a very clear business plan for a duck farm.

This business plan is based on a government model called "production cell", thanks to which you can make great money selling duck meat, as well as significantly increase your pension.

The production cell just acts as a small duck farm, the organization of which will not require much work from the novice farmer, as well as financial investments. Indeed, such a farm is very small. It can be erected both in the country and in the home garden, because its area is only 100 square meters. meters.

Premises and inventory

For our duck mini-farm, you will need various utility rooms, equipment and inventory. It is necessary to build the following buildings: a duck house for growing birds for meat, a duck house for breeding ducks, a room for growing small ducklings. You will also need a utility room for storing poultry meat and various equipment and inventory.

Equipment that is needed on the farm: an incubator, a plucking machine, a cold store for storing poultry meat.

Duckling on the farm

A duck house for a duck farm should be slightly different from a duck house, which would be better built for smaller-scale breeding and keeping of ducks, that is, for yourself (at home). This is due to the fact that when organizing a more or less large-scale duck farm project, it is necessary to take into account the fact of energy savings. Therefore, for a duck farm, it is best to build duck houses of a slightly different design.

Ducks require quite a lot of space, however, compared to chickens, these birds do not fly, but spend their lives on the floor. Therefore, we make ducklings for the farm low, namely: the height of the front wall is 1.8 meters, and the height of the back is 1 meter. Thus, we kill two birds with one stone: firstly, we save on building materials, and secondly, in the future we will save on electricity and space heating. And heating the duck house is very important for obtaining maximum productivity.

Ventilation will need to be provided in the duck house.

In winter, ducks will need bedding. Litter is stored in the summer. Suitable bedding: hay, straw, sawdust.

The area of ​​\u200b\u200beach duck should be 20-25 square meters. meters. These considerations are based on the calculation of the density of ducks - 2-3 birds per 1 sq. km. meter. That is, for one growing cycle (2 months) we will receive about 50-55 duck carcasses. This planting density is very successful, as it allows you to effectively grow ducks even in winter, without walking.

Corral (walking) for ducks

Without fail, next to the duckling, it is necessary to organize a corral. In the summer, the bird will actively walk there, and this will have a great effect on its growth and development. The corral should be made with an area of ​​​​20-30 square meters. meters. Be sure to adjust the canopy, somewhere in 1/6 of the pen area, this will protect the bird from direct sunlight.

Such a poultry house arrangement is well suited for both breeding ducks and ducks raised for meat.

Duck farm equipment

Incubator. For a duck farm, any home incubator that can hold at least 60 duck eggs is suitable.

Plucking machine. It will need to be purchased. This will greatly facilitate the work of plucking the pen by hand.

Duck farm: choice of breed

This business plan allows you to breed up to 250 ducks annually. You should not buy daily young birds every time, it is much more profitable to breed ducklings in an incubator. This will reduce the cost by almost half.

Naturally, the question is: what breed for a duck farm to choose? The answer is simple: the most suitable breed for farms is the Pekinese. This breed not only grows quickly, but also has excellent egg production. Thanks to this, we will always have a hatching egg available.

Let's summarize the written information:

To create a duck mini-farm you need:

• Duckhouse for young animals + paddock
• Duck house for breeding ducks + paddock
• Incubator
• plucking machine
• refrigerators compartment

Legal obligations

To organize a farm of this magnitude, you only need to be limited to a form of doing business, like a private household plot (Personal Partial Farm). In this case, you do not need to register your business anywhere. It is enough just to come to the governing body at your place of residence and take a certificate stating that you are the owner of the land.

Sales of products from a duck farm

It is quite easy to sell a high-quality and cheap product on such a scale. You can sell to relatives and neighbors. Cafes and restaurants should not be written off either. You can sell meat on the market. However, for sale on the market, as well as in cafes and restaurants, a number of documents will be required that will need to be clarified.

Duck farm expenses and income

Exact income and expenses are quite difficult to calculate. The exact initial investment is almost impossible to predict. This will depend on many factors. For example, if there is some initial building material, then the construction will cost less. In the event that the building material is completely purchased, then the payback of the farm can take up to 12-16 months.

It will take about 2.5 tons of feed to grow 250 ducks for meat.

Preliminary running costs

In order to grow 250 ducks, we need to spend 2.5 tons of feed. The average price of compound feed in Russia is about 8 rubles per 1 kilogram - 2500 * 8 = 20,000 rubles. You should also remember about electricity and other services - add 20 rubles per 1 bird.
We get:
The cost of one bird is 100 rubles = 80 rubles. feed + 20 r. other needs. That is, 250 ducks = 25,000 rubles.

Income

The average price of 1 kilogram of duck meat is 200 rubles. The average weight of a duck carcass is 2 kilograms, that is, 2 * 200 \u003d 400 rubles for one duck. 400*250=100,000 rubles.

The net income will be 75,000 rubles from one duck mini-farm. However, several duck mini-farms can be organized on the site, there are no restrictions. After all, just one hundred square meters can fit 1 full-fledged farm. That is, on 10 acres, you can build 10 duck mini-farms and then the net income will be 750,000 rubles. The profitability of this case is 70%.

Breeding ducks as a business is a promising direction for creating your own business for a novice entrepreneur. This type of activity does not require large investments. The right approach to starting a business will help to avoid initial miscalculations.

In the article, we will consider many questions that help a businessman at the initial stage to properly organize his own business. Experts will give advice on organizing a poultry house and its equipment, how to choose a breed, what to feed. Every year, only one bird can bring about 100 eggs and give birth to up to 50 ducklings, ─ this is about the prospect of a business.

The duck business has its own subtleties, which include regular maintenance of the number of individuals on the created farm. Breeding ducks as a business is profitable or not, when the farm is designed for only 270-300 individuals?

You have two ways to maintain livestock:

purchase of young animals on the side;

organization of their own breeding.

If there is no territorial possibility for organizing the conditions for breeding breeding ducks, ducklings must be purchased annually for 60-70 pieces. It is more profitable for a farmer to grow them himself.

The prospect of developing a farm depends on which duck breed you have chosen. Meat breeds are characterized by rapid weight gain, after 60 days, purchased young animals, provided that they are properly fed, each duck gains 2.5–3 kilograms of weight, and even in the future, lay up to 40 eggs. Experts recommend keeping several breeding ducks to replenish the herd with this breed, they will be enough to reproduce the herd.

Egg-laying ducks do not gain weight as quickly, but they bring more eggs. Common duck breeds can lay eggs and have good quality meat. Be sure to choose high-quality representatives of the selected breed for breeding.

It is recommended by experts to start a business to purchase a Peking duck, as it has good egg production, up to 170 eggs per year, you can maintain livestock in the herd with 2 males (drakes) and 10 ducks for them, this will be 2 duck families.

Beginningduck breeding as a business, you need to define goals for yourself, these are:

Arrangement of a farm for growing and selling duck meat.

Realize additional income from the processing of down and feathers.

Organization of non-waste production, which brings a stable profit.

Each poultry house understands that the organization of a zero-waste farm is the sale of: meat, down, feathers. Duck meat is healthy, has a set of trace elements necessary for a person, and down and feathers are natural fillers. Feeding birds does not belong to a special type of feeding, they can be said to be omnivores, they accept plant and animal feed well. There are disadvantages in business:

in the natural environment, ducks breed and grow faster;

when they are contained in cells, fat is quickly deposited in them, the quality of meat deteriorates;

a large herd can quickly spoil the nearest pond, losing its aesthetic appearance;

the reservoir can be covered with duck down, along the perimeter there will be duck prints, droppings.

For these reasons, the farmer must monitor the nearest reservoir, clean it.

How to choose a breed for breeding

Breeding ducks at home, to organize your own business, begins with the choice of breed:

duck breed	Description
Peking duck	It belongs to the meat breed, quickly gaining weight, the drake has 4 kilograms of weight, the duck is smaller, the breed does not require special care. Ducklings after 60 days can gain up to 3 kilograms of weight. A duck carries up to 140 eggs per year weighing about 85 grams. The color is white, short legs, a small beak, the length of the neck is medium.
Indian runners	It belongs to the egg-laying breed, the weight is only up to 2 kilograms, up to 200 eggs are produced per year. Excellent for crossing with meat breeds. The gait is vertical, the neck and legs are long, the body is also long. The color is different: piebald, black, white, red, and others.
Musk	Among people, this breed is called Indo-duck, it is the most beautiful. They carry up to 120 eggs per year, ducks weigh about 3 kilograms, and males reach 6 kilograms of weight. Good ability to organize the family, they raise ducklings well. This breed is silent, does not grow quickly, can fly, wings need to be trimmed. Color is black and white, brown, black. Paws of dark color, long body.
Black white-breasted	Outwardly, they resemble musky ducks, but less in weight, they belong to egg-meat breeds. The weight of an adult individual reaches 4 kilograms, egg production up to 130 pieces per year.

It is necessary to choose a breed according to the purpose of their breeding. Distinctive features of the group variety of ducks:

the meat breed has the ability to gain up to 3 kilograms of weight in 60 days;

egg breeds, the weight is less than meat, but they carry more eggs, up to 200 pieces per year;

meat-egg breed, gaining up to 2 kilograms of weight in 60 days, carrying up to 130 eggs per year.

Prepare the necessary documentation for opening a farm.

Make the right poultry house or choose the right room.

Buy the equipment required in the work.

Hire hired workers.

Buy the selected breed of ducks.

Carry out feeding and care according to the technological process.

Think about the sale of products.

Starting a business, you need to count everything from building poultry houses to transport costs. Consider why to build a room for young animals?

Breeding ducks, a business plan that was developed in the early stages of the business, recommends keeping young animals in a separate room. For them, it is not necessary to build large premises, it is enough to observe the height parameters: 180 centimeters for the front wall, and 100 centimeters for the back. The area of ​​​​the poultry house is calculated from the livestock, so about 1 square meter is needed for 3 ducks. If we have 300 young animals, then the room should be 100 square meters.

Experts recommend growing ducks in 5 periods, each lasting 60 days, and distributing them in such a way that the initial stage (period) falls on December-January, and the last one in autumn. This can achieve savings in electricity for heating the house of young ducklings. The room for young animals should be well ventilated, therefore it is additionally equipped with exhaust ventilation and warm air supply to the room.

When it gets warmer outside, young ducks will spend most of the day in a paddock (walking aviary). It is necessary to think over the bedding in the room, based on one individual up to 6 kilograms in winter, in summer it practically does not change.

The presence of a paddock for young animals is an important issue, its area is simply calculated, a square meter is needed for 2 individuals, then the territory is fenced, it is undesirable to equip a pond (ducks will trample, and there will be a dirty puddle), it should be located separately.

How to make a room for breeding ducks

Muscovy duck breeding, as a business of 300 individuals on a farm, involves the production of meat breeds, and hence the replenishment of the herd with young animals. Of course, there is nothing easier if you buy them, to regularly maintain such a livestock, you will need to take about 60 ducklings periodically, which will lead to additional costs that will become noticeable at the beginning of the business.

The calculation is simple; The Musk breed is distinguished by its ability to raise offspring, and one duck carries up to 120 eggs per year. Among other things, ─ meat breed.

A distinctive feature of the poultry house for breeding ducks will be the presence of light in it, the longer the light period, the higher the productivity. In terms of overall dimensions, the house is the same as for young animals, except for the area. It is recommended to organize 2 families for breeding ducks, these are 2 males (drakes) and 3 ducks for each, 6 square meters will be needed. They can bring up to 250 ducklings to the farm in a year.

What equipment is needed

A business plan for breeding ducks should take into account the purchase of the necessary equipment. It can be partly made and partly bought. It is necessary to carry out the selection of inventory and equipment competently, avoiding unnecessary expenses. Feeders can be made from a board with a thickness of at least 20 millimeters, an upper bar is required, which will prevent the duck from climbing into the feeder and trampling on the food. The bar has an additional function, it is the handle for which the feeder is transferred, the feeder itself must have 2 compartments, for shells and limestone.

It is necessary to think over a drinking bowl for birds, the water must be clean. It is recommended for self-production to make it wooden or metal and in volume based on the livestock, one duck drinks 600 milliliters of water per day. The height of the drinker is 200 millimeters.

For nests, experts advise using plywood in the darkened corners of the house, based on the dimensions per nest 400 millimeters by 500 millimeters, height 500 millimeters. It is necessary to think over their location so that you can easily collect eggs. Recommended! Equip each nest with a threshold, this will prevent the eggs from rolling, and it will be better to lay the litter. Nests are arranged on the basis of: one nest for 3 ducks.

Equipment that can be purchased additionally:

home incubator;

special machine for plucking;

freezers.

How to register a business

Breeding ducks at home, how a business must be registered, the form by which it is necessary to register depends on the indicators:

Livestock of ducks on the farm.

What is the area of ​​the farm.

What volume of finished products is planned to be sold.

If you are planning your own duck meat production business in large volumes, you can register as an individual entrepreneur. When registered as an enterprise of agricultural importance, these are additional tax benefits that are established at the regional level.

When your business plan is designed for breeding ducks in an average number, it is better to register it as a subsidiary farm (LPS), this will save money at the paperwork stage. To do this, you only need a certificate of ownership of the land. The advantage of this registration is the absence of a tax collection, but the disadvantage is the prohibition of the sale of volumes of finished products, only the sale of surplus from personal use is allowed. You can find out how to register an IP in the material on.

How to combine geese and ducks

A business plan for breeding geese and ducks implies a properly organized farm. It is necessary to exclude the free movement of air (drafts) in the equipment of the premises, to provide for spending on ventilation and heating. It is important, when starting this business, to immediately understand where the feed will be bought, their cost and what types of feed can be harvested on their own.

Geese, like ducks, can forage on their own from spring to autumn. Proper feeding is the presence in the diet of compound feed with elements:

from different types of grain crops, peas, shells, milk powder, salt, industrial fat, premix;

green additive;

mineral constituents.

It should be noted that the goose gains weight 10 kilograms more slowly than the commercial weight of the duck. For this reason, pooled farming provides a steady income, but such a farm requires care and staff. A family business can solve the issue of personnel, if this option is not possible, then third-party workers must be hired.

The staff is responsible for the following:

bird care, observation;

livestock feeding;

cleaning of poultry houses;

transportation of products to the place of sale.

What documents are needed to sell products

Breeding ducks for meat must be confirmed by the necessary documents that allow the sale of meat products. It is recommended to slaughter ducks in the presence of a veterinarian who examines the livestock before slaughter and issues a certificate of health. After the slaughter, a second certificate is issued, which reflects that the event was held in compliance with the rules.

When you sell meat products, it is advisable to put the stamp of the district veterinarian on carcasses, and he also takes a certificate for transporting meat. If the product is placed on the market, the final approval is issued by the market veterinary laboratory. Rarely, but it happens that a doctor in the market, due to doubts, may ask for an additional examination of meat products. It should be noted that the procedure for obtaining the necessary certificates differs regionally.

What are the ways to sell products

Breeding ducks in an incubator speaks of the serious intentions of the entrepreneur in the sale of meat products. It should be noted that this is a popular product. There are several ways to sell, which must be pre-negotiated:

the presence of cafes and restaurants in your region, you need to conclude a supply agreement, usually payment occurs upon delivery of the required volume of poultry;

organization of its own point of sale on the market, profit is higher, but regular checks by the market laboratory of products;

sell products to another seller, wholesale.

There are other types of selling their products on the farm, these include organizing a roadside cafe with a meat menu, barbecue and other dishes. You can rent down or open your own enterprise, a sewing workshop for blankets and pillows, where duck down will be the filler.

Duck farm profitability

Breeding ducks as a business, the profitability of which depends on the organization of the enterprise and the preliminary calculations made. It is impossible to unequivocally answer the question, how much money will be needed for this type of activity? Each region has its own prices for feed and building materials.

how much money will be needed to breed ducks;

what way to sell products, and at what cost;

how many young animals are in demand in the region if they are bred in an incubator for sale.

Consider the approximate profitability of a farm where ducks are bred for sale for meat, the livestock of this farm is 1500 individuals. We take into account winter and summer feeding, we take the average value that one individual will need 10 kilograms of feed for 60 days, a total of 15 tons per herd for 1 calculation cycle.

Planned capital expenditures are about 2 million rubles, which include:

construction of a warm room with an area of ​​700 square meters - 1 million 100 thousand rubles;

equipment for the ventilation system and heating devices - 0.1 million rubles;

systems: hatching birds, cages, bedding, lighting, incubation - 0.25 million rubles;

automatic feeding systems, drinkers - 0.15 million rubles;

downhole room (refrigerators, special equipment) - 0.35 million rubles.

Capital circulating 0.4 million rubles:

purchase of ducklings - 0.15 million rubles;

creation of a forage base - 0.2 million rubles;

unplanned expenses - 0.05 million rubles;

about 5 third-party, hired workers.

Performance calculation:

From the sale of meat products (250 rubles per kilogram) - 3 million 750 thousand rubles per calendar year.

Additionally, the sale of by-products is 135 thousand per calendar year.

The main parameters are:

investment in business up to 2.3 million rubles;

the area for the farm is 700 square meters;

employment of employees, up to 5 people;

monthly planned profit, up to 90 thousand rubles;

payback period of the project is 2 years;

monthly planned revenue from production at the end of the first year of operation, from 330 thousand rubles.

When production is properly organized, the profitability of the farm will be up to 70%, experts say that if you build a farm from “0” (zero), only using new materials, you can achieve its payback in 12 months. The main thing is to make the right choice on the breed and do it at a lower cost (without outside help, family contract).

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At home. A small farm can bring good profits if you make a little effort and properly organize the work.

Breeding ducks as a business is suitable for aspiring entrepreneurs. This occupation does not require large investments and special knowledge. However, some tips will help the farmer avoid mistakes and create a successful business.

In our country, the duck business is underdeveloped, so there is practically no competition in the market. Before the introduction of sanctions, poultry meat was imported from European countries. Now in stores it is rare to find a quality product, despite the high demand. Small farms take advantage of the current situation and supply organic meat to large retail chains.

Duck breeding is a promising occupation that allows an entrepreneur to quickly make high profits. To understand whether it is profitable to keep ducks, it is enough to compare the advantages and disadvantages of this business. The pluses include:

• The ability of birds to actively breed;
• Unpretentiousness in care;
• Small food costs
• Virtually waste-free production - you can sell not only meat, but also feathers, down, eggs.

You can't do without flaws. The most significant are:

• The herd must be constantly monitored;
• Birds require a large area with a pond for comfortable living and breeding;
• Difficulties may arise with the execution and obtaining of permits.

Most farmers are raising ducks for meat. This is due to the fact that young animals are rapidly gaining mass. By the age of three months, ducklings weigh 2-3 kg.

Poultry house arrangement

A duck mini farm should be located outside the city, near a reservoir. If it is absent, an artificial pond must be created on the site. There are three options for keeping ducks on the farm:

• Closed way. Birds live in cages;
• Limited walking, in which the herd is indoors;
• Walking way - birds can move freely around the farm.

The closed way of keeping negatively affects the quality of meat. Individuals quickly gain weight due to adipose tissue.

The construction of the poultry house must be given special attention. It should be warm, as birds do not tolerate the winter cold. It will be necessary to carry out heating, and equip the room with ventilation for air access.

The area of ​​the house depends on the number of livestock. On average, about 0.35 sq.m. is allocated per individual.

The room is divided into several sections for keeping the young and accommodating the broodstock. The floor is covered with hay, which is changed regularly to prevent the spread of disease. Cages are placed at a height of 30 cm from ground level - this will protect the birds from rodents that can enter the house.

The paddock is surrounded by a high fence so that the birds cannot fly outside the farm. Often, predatory animals attack ducks, so the aviary is covered from above with a strong net.

Equipment

It is impossible to get high profit without special equipment. For the normal functioning of the farm will require

Duck mini farm

• Vacuum drinkers and feed containers;
• Nesting boxes;
• Refrigerators;
• Device for incubation of eggs;
• Feather plucking machine;
• infrared lamps.

The poultry house should be well lit, especially in winter. To do this, they buy lamps with a power of about 5 W per 1 sq.m.

diet

Ducks are unpretentious in food, however, in order to produce high-quality and tasty meat, their diet should include:

• Various crops;
• calcium (chalk, sand or crushed shells);
• Mineral supplements;
• Chopped grass, vegetables and plant stems.

Ducklings reach a weight sufficient for slaughter in 2-3 months. During this time, they manage to eat about 10 kg of feed and various mixtures. It is not difficult to calculate that for a herd of 300 individuals, it will be necessary to purchase 3 tons of feed.

Markets

Duck meat is in high demand, so there will be no problems with the sale of goods. The farmer can offer his products:

• Restaurants and cafes;
• large retail chains;
• Farm goods stores;
• Textile factories (down and feather).

In addition, the goods are sold in local markets or rented to wholesale buyers.

Legal registration

If the entrepreneur is limited in cash, the business can be formalized as a peasant farm. This organizational - legal form of the enterprise allows you to save on taxes and simplifies the workflow. In other cases, it is recommended to register as an individual entrepreneur.

Having chosen the form of ownership, the farmer will need to obtain permission from regulatory authorities:

• Sanitary - epidemiological service;
• Rospotrebnadzor;
• Veterinary service.

Each batch of goods must receive a quality certificate. Without this document, it is prohibited to sell food products.

What breed to choose

The choice of breed for breeding is what the duck business starts with. Before you buy the first individuals, you need to decide on the purpose of doing business. If an entrepreneur plans to sell only eggs, they choose egg-bearing breeds, only meat breeds are suitable for meat production.

There are several popular breeds that will bring an entrepreneur a guaranteed profit:

• Peking duck breeding. This is one of the most famous meat breeds. Differs in rapid weight gain and strong immunity. In addition, the bird rushes well and can bring up to 100 eggs per year;
• Muscovy duck breeding. Inexpensive, calm bird, lays about 70 eggs and reaches a weight of 2.5 kg at three months of age;
• Breeding ducks mulardov. The breed was obtained by crossing Peking and Muscovy ducks. The bird eats grass, so weight is gained slowly.

In order for the duck farm to work smoothly, the owner must form a breeding herd. Before slaughtering the first batch of young animals, strong and healthy individuals suitable for breeding should be selected. One drake is able to fertilize about 5 females. Such a "family" brings up to 75 ducklings per year. To maintain a herd of 300 heads, it is enough to leave 20 females and 4 males.

There are two ways to hatch ducklings: incubation and incubation of eggs. The first method has a significant drawback - the female does not always show maternal instinct. In the second case, the birth rate of chicks is 90%.

Business plan for breeding ducks with calculations

The implementation of any business idea begins with planning. At this stage, it is necessary to analyze the sales market, calculate the preliminary costs and evaluate the prospects for activity. A business plan will help an entrepreneur understand whether it is profitable or not to engage in poultry farming. Let's try to calculate how much money you can earn by opening a small duck farm for 300 heads.

Farmers earn income from the sale of meat and eggs. Duck carcass is sold at a price of 300 rubles per 1 kg. A dozen eggs can be bought for 100 rubles. Let's calculate the income from the sale of products.