Washing of engineering systems. Flushing the hot water system

Cost: from 5,000 rubles.

The final price of the work depends on:

1. The complexity of the heating and hot water system.
2. Pipeline lengths.
3. Washing types.

One of the misconceptions about pipes is "if there is no leak, then the pipes are in order." In fact, the internal state of the pipes directly affects the pressure, the quality of the system and its durability. Both rust and various kinds of debris and deposits are deposited on the walls, due to which the useful diameter of the pipe decreases, the pressure worsens, and the load on the pumping equipment increases, due to which it wears out, and the system becomes inefficient. To avoid this problem, it is necessary to regularly clean the pipes of the water supply.

Signals about the need to flush the piping system:

• The taste of water takes on a metallic hue, due to the increased content of rust.
• Red water containing metallic particles
• Extremely bad odor in the water supply
• The heat dissipation of the battery decreases, down to a practically barely warm state.
• Water pressure becomes weak
• Poor drainage of water into the sewerage system

Prolonged inconvenience of such a plan causes not only discomfort, but also harm to the body, because. contaminated water is a source of disease or unpleasant rashes, irritations.

Why is it necessary to clean hot water and cold water pipes

The efficiency of the hot water supply and heating system is directly related to the presence of deposits on the inner surface of the pipelines. In most cases, when operating for more than 5 years, the pipes are covered from the inside with deposits, which are particles of salt and corrosion. For this reason, the efficiency of these systems will be quite low. To remove such deposits, preventive flushing of the system is used, which ensures the restoration of the normal functioning of the system.

Currently, periodic cleaning of heating and hot water systems is mandatory procedure during their operation. In accordance with normative documents it is necessary to flush the heating system annually before the start of the heating period. Due to this, heat losses are significantly reduced, the overhaul period is increased and the efficiency of the entire system is increased.

Methods for flushing the water supply system

Work can be carried out in the following ways:

hydrodynamic way; hydro by chemical means.

The choice of method depends on:

• pipeline material;
• temperature mode of operation;
• the chemical composition of the water used;
• the nature of the deposits.

The hydrodynamic method is based on the simultaneous supply of water and air under pressure into a sealed system. At the same time, the resulting mixture, due to the correctly chosen concentration, thoroughly cleans the inner surface from salt and corrosion deposits.

In the case of using the hydrochemical method, the heating system or hot water supply is filled with a mixture of water with chemically active substances. The resulting mixture qualitatively eliminates deposits without harming the pipes. Thanks to our company, each customer receives professional quality services at an affordable price.

Consider in more detail the types of flushing

The first type is hydrodynamic.

This is one of the inexpensive effective ways, which can clear blockages of varying complexity. In this way, both rust and various salt and fat deposits, debris are removed from the walls of the system. The method consists in passing a hose with a nozzle through the pipeline, from which jets of water are fired under pressure, they knock down all deposits and remove them from the system. Depending on the water supply system, suitable nozzles and pressure should be selected so that the walls are in a safe load. The pressure can reach more than a hundred atmospheres, which will easily remove old rusty growths.

With the hydrodynamic flushing method, no chemicals will be used. The surrounding area will be completely protected from dirt, because. All work is carried out within the system. Thanks to these works, the diameter of the pipes is restored almost to the original, due to which their performance is also restored to the factory. The price is not great.

The second method is hydrochemical.

This method uses chemical substances, which allow you to split and remove even the most difficult deposits. They comply with accepted safety standards and are completely removed from the pipeline upon completion of work. After interacting with waste, they all decompose and become liquid, after which they are simply washed out with water. An important aspect is an right choice reagents, because depending on the nature of the deposits, it is necessary to select the appropriate active substances that will break them down.

Another way is pneumatic.

With the help of hydraulic shock, deposits are knocked down and removed. In the system, with the help of a special device, many impulses are generated, which in turn serve as a source of a shock wave. It is she who cuts off all deposits. Cleaning takes place until the next wave removes all the remnants of dirt and debris and the original diameter of the pipes is restored.

One of the most important requirements that a home heating system must meet is reliability. Unfortunately, regardless of the quality of performance, flushing the heating system at home is an inevitability that sooner or later will have to face. During operation, pipes become clogged, their inner surface is covered with scale and deposits of an organic nature, which, if not removed in time, can cause a complete failure of the system and costly repairs.

When is a heating system flush required?

The frequency of flushing is always regulated by individual technical standards, but you can also talk about emergency situations, which include:

• Increasing the hydraulic resistance of the heating system to critical values. It is possible to diagnose this danger only on special equipment.
• Inefficient operation of the system. This is expressed in an increase in heating costs, uneven heating of appliances, as well as significant fuel consumption. With the formation of deposits inside the batteries and pipes, their efficiency drops significantly.
• Replacement of a single section of pipes or several batteries.
• Preventive flushing of the heating system at home. Ideally, it should be carried out after completion or at the beginning of heating season, once every 3 years.

Features of flushing the heating system at home

Heating flushing is carried out according to one of the following methods:

• The impact of chemistry. The special composition simply dissolves deposits, after which they are successfully washed out of the system. For this, compositions based on alkali or acid are used. This method quite inexpensive and reliable, but it can not be used categorically for aluminum pipes.
• hydrodynamic method. A special nozzle feeds water under enormous pressure into the pipe, which helps to mechanically remove deposits. The pressure of the jets reaches 200 atmospheres, which is enough to reliably remove even old deposits, regardless of their origin.
• Pneumopulse method. The price of flushing this heating system is more than the two listed above, but the effect of it is ideal. The technique is based on the phenomenon of cavitation, that is, the impulse wave contributes to the formation of many cavitation bubbles that form a shock wave. It is this wave that mechanically removes all deposits on the surface of the pipes, and the mixture of air and water reliably dissolves traces of scale.

Flushing of engineering systems

Rusty dirty pipes can not only cause violations of thermal and hydraulic regimes, but also a source of pollution drinking water. Internal fouling of pipes helps to reduce the "live" (flow) section and can lead to complete blockage and stop the flow of water to the points of water intake. Flushing the water supply system is an event that will prevent these problems and significantly increase the life of the entire system. If you ignore preventive work, in the end this will lead to the need to replace pipes, which in some cases is accompanied by the dismantling of the structure and its subsequent restoration.

The sure signs that the water supply and sewerage of a private house are clogged are the appearance bad smell. About blockage water pipes evidenced by the appearance of rust flakes, a metallic taste, a change in the color of the water. If flushing a hot water system using metal pipes, was not carried out in a timely manner, this will not only lead to a decrease in their throughput, but will also negatively affect the circulation of the resource. The result will be an increase in energy consumption for providing optimum temperature, as well as increased consumption.

Flushing water pipes - main types

The most common cause of fouling on the inside of pipes is corrosion processes, as well as pollution caused by unfiltered water. Flushing the water supply system can be of the following types:

• hydrodynamic. It consists in removing scale and blockages from pipes by cleaning the system with thin jets of water that are fed under high pressure through special nozzles. This type cleaning allows you to achieve high results at a relatively low cost. Hydrodynamic flushing of the system will cost half as much as replacing water supply pipes. Thanks to the operation of hydrodynamic cleaning devices, magnesium, sodium, calcium salts, fats, rust, scale are completely removed from the pipes.

instruction - Hydrodynamic flushing of pipes

• hydrochemical flushing is one of the most common non-separable flushing methods water supply and heating systems, which allows you to transfer deposits and scale into a dissolved state and wash them out of the system. Chemical flushing of the water supply system uses products that are approved for use by sanitary and epidemiological supervision. This guarantees their complete safety in relation to pipelines and water heating equipment. Such reagents act only on scale and rust. For flushing the heating system, alkaline and acidic solutions of reagents are used. For example, composite inorganic and organic acids (compositions based on caustic soda, phosphoric acid, solutions with various additives, etc.). The exact composition of a particular flushing agent is kept secret by manufacturers.

Chemical flushing of the water supply system is a reliable and economical method that allows you to clean the system of dirt and scale. With its help, a positive result is quickly achieved. In one cycle, you can wash not only DHW system(hot water supply), but cold water supply, sewerage, heating system, clean heating equipment (DHW boilers and boilers).

• Pneumohydropulse flushing of water supply pipes. This cleaning method allows you to flush the system by multiple pulses that are transmitted using a special apparatus. Under the action of a kinetic impulse wave, cavitation bubbles are created in the liquid filling the pipes, which have a high intensity during the discharge period. Receipt bubbles moving with the current of water towards the area high blood pressure, as well as in the compression period, burst, creating a shock wave. Under its action, deposits come off the walls of the pipes and the subsequent wave carries them away.

The hot water and heating system is much easier to flush than the rest. This is due to the design of the circuit, which is closed or closed. Therefore, all types of washing pass here easily and painlessly. It is better to flush the sewerage system chemically, as it is considered non-pressure, and, therefore, the presence of high pressure can damage pipelines and their connections. The cold water supply system can be flushed with any of the options listed. But at the same time, it is necessary to completely cut off the network from external influence(source, equipment or central line). It is also recommended to leave one of the water points open so that all plaque and rust can freely exit the pipelines.

http://aquagroup.ru

Water supply is a system for the continuous supply of water to consumers, which is necessary for domestic, technical and economic purposes. These are mainly underground pipes or channels. The water purified from mechanical impurities in the filter system is collected in water-lifting towers, and then distributed through city pipes for water supply.

To avoid the formation of deposits of different salts, chemical flushing of water supply systems is used. The article will show you how to do it.

Causes of clogged pipes

Water transported through pipes, due to chemical and biological processes occurring on the walls of pipelines, often forms deposits of iron, calcium, magnesium salts, silt and biological formations, leading to fouling of pipe walls and a change in the organoleptic characteristics of water.

The internal rough surface gradually retains particles of sand, dirt, silt. This promotes the formation of an environment for the development of bacteria.

The use of all kinds of filtration systems often cannot completely retain colloidal substances, the water becomes cloudy and changes color. Many suburban settlements have spare and control tanks with drinking water. These are underground reservoirs and water towers.

Tip: To verify the presence or absence of dirt and carbonate deposits in process tanks for storing and distributing water, it is necessary to drain the liquid and visually examine internal surfaces walls, bottom and all structural elements.

Due to the sharp pressure drop in the pipelines, which is especially noticeable when the water is turned off and then turned on, an unpleasant aftertaste of rust appears. During the cavitation process, clots of dirt with drinking water fall into, and then into human food, which can cause various diseases and poisoning of the body.

True signs of clogging of the water supply and sewerage of a private house are:

• Bad smell.
• The appearance of rust flakes.
• The taste of metal.
• Changing the color of the water.

In case of untimely flushing of the hot water supply system, which uses metal pipes, their throughput, resource circulation will deteriorate. This will lead to increased energy consumption to ensure optimal water temperature, to increased water consumption.

Types of water pipes

Before proceeding with the chemical flushing of water pipes, you need to get acquainted with their types.

The materials of products and their features are presented in the table:

Advantages	disadvantages
Mechanical strength. Relatively low cost. Large selection of assortment.	They are subject to corrosion, which contributes to the narrowing of the lumen of the pipes, which is why it is necessary to regularly clean the water supply. In the event of faulty electrical appliances, there is a possibility of electric shock. Service life up to 25 years. Installation requires welding work or the manufacture of adapters and nozzles.
High strength. Doesn't rust. Wide choice of assortment for installation.	High price. Can conduct electricity. At threaded connection, the zinc layer is removed, which contributes to the formation of corrosion. Service life up to 50 years.
Does not corrode. Has the most long term operation. Beautiful appearance. Withstands large fluctuations in operating temperatures.	High price. Relatively difficult installation. Low strength.
Easy installation. Not subject to corrosion. The outer shell does not conduct electricity. Affordable cost. Good operational qualities.	Withstand a limited number of heating cycles, they must be periodically tightened. You can damage the connection with not too much force. Service life up to 25 years.
Retain their strength at low temperatures. Best suited for country houses with intermittent heating. Easy to mount. The service life is about 50 years. Low cost.	Low technological capabilities. Sophisticated installation technology. Reduced performance under the influence of ultraviolet radiation.

Ways to flush the water supply

After getting acquainted with the materials for the manufacture of water pipes, it becomes clear that metal pipes most often need to be cleaned of metal elements and pollution caused by unfiltered water.

Flushing of water supply systems can be done in the following ways:

• Hydrodynamic.

In this case, scale and blockages are removed from the pipes with a thin jet of water supplied through special nozzles under high pressure. This method of cleaning can achieve great results at not too high costs.

This is two times cheaper than replacing water pipes. When using hydrodynamic cleaning devices, pipes can be completely cleaned of magnesium, calcium, sodium salts, grease, rust, scale.

• Hydrochemical.

With this method of non-separable flushing of water supply systems, deposits and scale can be transferred to a dissolved state, and then simply washed out of the pipes. During chemical flushing of the water supply system, the means approved for use by the sanitary and epidemiological supervision are used.

In this case, the complete safety of the compositions for pipelines and water heating equipment is guaranteed. Reagents affect only rust and scale. Flushing of the heating system is carried out with alkaline and acidic solutions of reagents.

• Pneumohydropulse. This cleaning method flushes the system with multiple pulses transmitted by a special apparatus. Under the influence of a kinetic impulse wave in the liquid, which fills the pipes, cavitation bubbles appear, which have a high intensity in the rarefaction period. Such bubbles, moving with the flow of water into the area of ​​high pressure, in the period of compression, begin to burst, creating a shock wave. After that, deposits begin to come off the walls of the pipes, and then the next wave carries them away.

Chemical flushing of water pipes

Do-it-yourself chemical flushing of the water supply system is a reliable and economical method that allows you to clean any system of dirt and scale. In one cycle, the hot water supply system (DHW), cold water supply, sewerage, heating system is flushed, hot water boilers and boilers can be cleaned (see).

Flushing the water supply can be done with solutions such as oxalic acid or imported Cillit.

When performing the flushing process, it is enough to plug the pipe near the valve and fill it with a reagent for two hours. After cleaning the pipe, and periodically during its operation, it is necessary to disinfect the water supply.

In this case, you can apply:

• Chlorine lime. This is the most popular disinfectant.

• Sodium hypochlorite.
• Chlorine liquid.

You can flush the pipeline:

• Elastic piston. This is usually a foam cylinder with a diameter larger than inner diameter water pipe 1.3 times, length, approximately 2 diameters, as in the photo.

• Water that is distilled for discharge through a section of the water supply.
• Pulp or water-air mixture. This is a hydropneumatic flush, which is performed by the air compressor. The ratio of air and water in the pulp is selected 1:1.

SNiP 3.05.04-85 contains additional recommendations that must be observed when flushing and disinfecting the water supply:

• The foam piston is used in areas where there are smooth turns at an angle of up to 15 °. In this case, it is necessary to fully open the valves, remove the parts protruding inward.
• The speed of movement of the piston should be in the range from 0.3 to 1 m / s, with a pressure in the water supply of 1 kgf / cm².
• The discharge diameter for the runoff of contaminants leaving the water supply can only be one step smaller than the diameter of the pipe being flushed.

Tip: When hydropneumatic flushing, air must be supplied to the pipeline at a pressure approximately 1 atmosphere higher than the water pressure. The pulp must move at a speed of up to 3 m/s.

• Disinfection of pipelines should be carried out in sections up to 2 km long at a time.
• After 500 meters, temporary valves are installed each time, through which samples are taken to determine the concentration of chlorine.

To better imagine the whole process of cleaning and disinfecting water pipes, you should watch the video in this article.

Drawing up an act of flushing the water supply system

After completion of work, it is necessary to draw up an act of flushing the water supply system - a sample of it is presented below.

The document states:

• The composition of the commission, which includes:

1. SES (sanitary epidemiological service).
2. Representatives of the construction and installation organization.
3. Exploiters.

• Object characteristics:

1. His type.
2. Length.
3. Pipe diameter.
4. Its volume.

• The type of reagent used and the concentration of active chlorine in it.
• Time of processing.
• The results of physicochemical and biological analyzes of the liquid after treatment.

Chemical flushing of the water supply system and its timely disinfection allows you to keep pipelines in good condition, without the risk of getting poisoned or other troubles for your body.