Metal box for wooden door leaf. Types of door frames for steel doors

The frame is the backbone of any door that connects it to the doorway. Since a door leaf is installed on the frame, it must have high strength, workmanship and a long service life. Only in this case, you can be sure that the doors will fulfill their purpose and work flawlessly for a long period.

What is a door frame and why is it needed

Both at the entrance to a house or apartment, and indoors, a block is installed in all doorways, the basis of which is a box. This element is a support, and a door leaf is hung on it. Not only door hinges are attached to the box, but also platbands with additional fittings.

The door frame must match the material with the door leaf

The box is made from a material that matches the door itself. It must be massive and resistant to changes in humidity and temperature. This is especially true for doors at the entrance to the house, to the bathroom and to the steam room. For a tighter fit in the frame, it is recommended to install seals.

Rubber seals in the metal door frame do not allow cold and unnecessary odors into the house

The door frame is a connecting link located between the doorway and the canvas. For interior doors, it is made in the form of the letter "P".

A wooden door frame without a threshold is closed with cashiers

For entrance doors, a box with a threshold is used. In this case, the doorway is completely framed. Usually a metal door is placed at the entrance to the house.

The metal frame of the front door is usually not closed with platbands, therefore it is made in the same color as the door leaf.

But if the front door is made of wood, then the box is wooden.

The door frame with a threshold closes the gap under the door and makes the leaf tightly fit

A plastic box is also placed with the threshold. For example, for a balcony door.

A plastic door frame with a threshold is always equipped with rubber seals.

Varieties of door frames

Now in hardware stores there is a wide selection of door frames that differ in material, design and complete set of parts.

Box design

The design of the door frame is of four types:

• angular - is made of timber and surrounds the corner outside the opening with a platband. Used in the design of entrance doors;

  Corner box bends around the corner outside the opening

• end - mounted directly in the opening, platbands are fixed on the box. It is mainly used for interior doors;

  The end box is mounted directly in the opening

• telescopic - a special L-shaped casing. This box covers the entire opening from three sides. Can be installed on any door

  The telescopic box covers the opening on both sides

• hidden - used in offices or entertainment venues. This is an ordinary frame, but without platbands, extensions and a threshold. The box is painted over to match the walls, it is almost invisible.

  Hidden door frame painted to match the walls

Applicable material

To frame the opening, a box beam is used, which is made of different materials.

If the doors are plastic, aluminum or iron, then it is clear that a wooden box will not work, so it is made of the same material as the door leaf.

For wooden interior doors, the box is made of the following materials:

• solid wood is the most expensive option, especially when using exotic woods. For the manufacture of expensive doors, oak, ash, cherry, walnut, eucalyptus, beech are taken. Budget option - pine. When creating wood products, the problem is the presence of knots and other defects in it. If you decide to make a box from an array yourself, choose only high-quality timber;
  

  Natural timber is the most expensive material

• glued laminated timber - at the enterprise, the wood is dissolved into small elements, all natural defects are removed, after which the prepared parts are glued and spliced. It turns out a high-quality and durable timber;

  Glued laminated timber has a high resistance to high humidity

• MDF and HDF - fibreboard, refer to composite materials consisting of sawdust, chips and wood flour. MDF is processed in the same way as natural wood;

  MDF timber is used to create interior door frames

• layered composites - consist of two or more types of raw materials mixed into a common mass or connected in layers. After manufacturing, such a beam is lined with artificial veneer, imitating the appearance of natural wood. As a layer, MDF, plywood or inexpensive wood is placed. This material has high strength. In terms of cost, eco-veneer lumber costs about the same as MDF lumber, and more expensive than unpainted pine lumber. Its advantage: no need to perform finishing. Eco-veneer makes the beam look beautiful and reliably protects it from mechanical damage.

  Due to the multilayer structure, layered composites have high strength

Complete set (additional elements)

There are also differences in door frames in terms of configuration. She may be:

Boxes also differ in the presence of a seal. It is installed along the perimeter of the box, which improves the insulating characteristics of the structure. In addition, the seal has shock-absorbing properties, so the service life of such a door increases. In expensive models, the seal is already installed in the box. It is not available in cheaper options, but you can always install a seal with your own hands.

The presence of a seal improves the insulating characteristics of the structure

Dimensions

Most doorways have standard sizes, you can purchase the appropriate box for them. When choosing a box, it must be taken into account that it freely enters the opening, that is, it is less in width and height by about 3–4 cm.

The maximum standard width of the door frame is 90 cm. It is quite rare, so not all manufacturers produce such products.

Please note that foreign standards differ from ours, so be especially careful when buying such a door frame.

U-shaped boxes have the advantage of being compatible with door leafs of any height, since you can cut the racks to the desired height yourself. And rectangular frames with a threshold are designed for a certain size of the door.

When creating a doorway, builders take into account the purpose of the room and its dimensions. For the kitchen, a door leaf of 65x200 cm is usually used. For a bathroom and a bathroom - 60x200 cm. Even if the opening in such rooms is wider, most people put doors of the indicated sizes, and cover the missing centimeters between the box and the opening with platbands.

Sometimes it is easier to reduce the doorway than to put a wider door in a small room.

If there is a threshold for doors to the bathroom and toilet, then its dimensions must be taken into account. For other rooms, a gap of 5-10 mm is left between the canvas and the floor. And for the kitchen, if liquefied gas is installed in the house, it is 15–20 mm. The gap between the box and the canvas in its upper part and on the sides should always be 3–4 mm.

The gap between the canvas and the box should be about 3-4 mm

Making a door frame

First you need to correctly remove all the necessary dimensions, prepare the necessary tools and materials, and then get to work.

Opening measurements

The height and width of the opening are measured in several places: along the edges and in the middle. Then the smallest value is chosen.

The width of the opening is measured at least in three places

You also need to measure the thickness and diagonal of the opening. If the values ​​of the diagonals are very different, this means that the opening is littered to the side, its corners will no longer be straight. Then you will have to either align the opening itself, or take into account this deviation distance when installing the door frame, substituting bars of different sizes into the gaps. However, in this case, the fastening of the door frame will be short-lived.

When measuring, all irregularities and slopes of the doorway should be taken into account.

Tools and materials

To create a door frame with your own hands you will need:

Self-manufacturing

After preparation, you can proceed to the process of manufacturing the door frame itself:

1. Cutting material - usually ready-made bars are used, in which there are grooves for the blade to enter. The bars are laid on a horizontal surface so that the grooves are on top. The height of the box is measured. If there is a threshold, its thickness is taken into account. Then the top bar is cut to the desired length. When cutting the material, it is necessary to take into account the way in which the parts of the box will be connected.
2. Connection of parts - they can be connected in a single design in different ways:
   • grooved: this option is reliable, but very complex;

     It will be difficult for a beginner to make a groove connection

   • at a right angle: the most common option;

     To create a diagonal connection, it is necessary to use a miter box

3. Processing - to protect untreated wood from mold and insects, the workpieces must be coated with antiseptics. Decorative processing is painting. The frame is painted after its installation, the color is selected to match the door. Instead of paint, stain and varnish can be used. The MDF box is usually veneered or covered with a special film.

   To protect against insects and mold, the timber must be treated with an antiseptic

4. Preparation of the side surfaces - places for loops are marked on the vertical stand. With a chisel or electric cutter, recesses are made corresponding to the thickness of the fittings. After hanging the door leaf on the opposite side of the box, a place is marked and prepared for mounting the lock striker or door latch.

   Places for hinges are cut out on the side rack of the box

Video: how to make a do-it-yourself door frame

Assembly and installation of the door frame

After preparing all the details, you can proceed to the assembly and installation of the door frame:

1. Assembly - performed on the floor, on top of the unfolded cardboard. The prepared parts are combined with each other, holes are drilled with a drill and fasteners are twisted with a screwdriver. It is enough to screw two self-tapping screws into each corner. After assembly, the door is inserted into the box, the presence of the necessary gaps is checked.

   When assembling the door frame, it is enough to screw two self-tapping screws into each corner

2. Installation - the finished box is inserted into the doorway, verticality is checked with a plumb or building level. All corners are checked: they must be straight. If this is not the case, then you need to correct the position of the box using wooden wedges.

   The box is leveled horizontally and vertically with wooden wedges

3. Fixation - in the opening the box is fixed with dowels. Then the door is hung, its free play is checked. After that, the gaps between the box and the opening are filled with mounting foam, platbands are installed.

   The box is fixed with dowels

Video: how to assemble a wooden door frame with a threshold

Doors with a metal frame are used in the design of: hotels; hospitals; industrial premises; shopping centers; office buildings, railway stations. The door leaf is made with the following types of coatings:

HPL plastic	CPL plastic	PVC film		Veneer		Coloring according to RAL

Possible filling options.

Cellular filling	Tubular chipboard F resp. 28 mm. RW 28db	Tubular chipboard Ф bore 18 mm. EI 30 RW 28db	solid chipboard	solid chipboard	Combined chipboard

• Special filling is made from extruded chipboard, which provides additional sound insulation or fire-resistant properties of the door block.
• RW,db- noise reduction index in db.
• EI, min - fire resistance limit in minutes.

The door metal frame is made of thick steel 1.2 mm . The metal box for doors has a collapsible design for ease of transportation and preservation of the presentation. Welded construction is made to order. The door block with a metal box is completed with a sealant. Doors up to 800 mm hung on two loops, over three. The coloring of the metal box is carried out by powder spraying according to RAL. The box is produced in three versions: angular; block; coverage (see below). The additional part of the metal box or the girth is installed after the installation of the main unit.

The main advantages of doors with a metal box: reliability in operation; ease of installation; resistance to moisture.

Wooden doors with a metal frame can have a different purpose, respectively, and different designs.

Examples of doors with a metal frame:

• Door unit with lightweight leaf, leaf filling with honeycomb cardboard.
• Door unit with reinforced leaf, leaf filling with extrusion chipboard. It is used for rooms with increased traffic, as well as in rooms to which increased requirements for sound insulation are imposed. Depending on the materials used to fill the leaf, doors with a metal frame can have the following sound insulation indicators: RW -28; 32; 36; 42db.
• The door block is fireproof, the door leaf is filled with a fire-resistant chipboard. Fire resistance limit EI-30 / EI-60.
• The door block is pendulum or reversible. Depending on the purpose of the canvas can be both lightweight and reinforced. For this type of swing doors with a metal frame, reversible hinges with a closer are used, arranged in the floor. An additional option for swing doors is leaf protection made of stainless steel or brass sheet.

The color scheme and all kinds of textures allow you to solve the most sophisticated design solutions, the coating of the canvas can be made both with a wood grain texture and in plain colors including metallic. The door metal frame has a powder coating, the color closest to the color of the door leaf, it is also possible to use contrasting colors for the manufacture of wooden doors with a metal frame. Door metal frame can be made in three design options:

• Corner metal box, with solid metal casing.
• Block metal frame, without trim, for installing the door block inside the doorway.
• Enclosing metal box, with an additional part made of metal.

The design of the door leaf for doors with a metal frame can be either with or without a fold, depending on the requirements of the customer. Schemes of doors with a metal box are shown below.

	Corner metal box	Round metal box

Metal box for canvases with a straight end.

Block metal box

Steel systems according to GOST 31173–2003 consist of 2 parts: an outer box, which is a static rectangular frame, and an inner leaf, which opens and closes during operation. These structural nodes have many characteristics, including dimensions. If these indicators are important for the sash, when an overall sofa is brought into the house or apartment. - Then the dimensions of metal doors with a frame, more precisely, the width and height play a role at the installation stage - the structure must enter the opening, and with minimal gaps. When choosing a block, these parameters are taken into account first of all, which can be both standard and arbitrary.

Standard sizes

Entrance systems are structures in which the dimensions of the canvas, box and opening are completely dependent on each other. All these parameters are standardized and, if necessary, the width and height of one element can be used to easily calculate the geometry of 2 others. If the standard parameters of a 1-leaf sash are 2.0 × 0.6 / 0.7 / 0.8 / 0.9 m, then the corresponding size of the door frame of a metal door is 2.071 × 0.67 / 0.77 / 0.87 / 0.97 m. It is obvious that the outer element is longer and wider than the inner one, respectively, by 71 and 70 mm. This principle also applies to 2-floor standard models: 2.0 / 2.3 × 1.202 / 1.402 / 1.802 m versus 2.071 / 2.371 × 1.272 / 1.472 / 1.872 m.

Similarly, the geometries of openings and frames are interdependent, between which mounting gaps of 15 – 20 mm are arranged along the perimeter. The former are diverse, since buildings erected both 1 year and 20, and 40, and 100 years ago are in operation - it is not surprising that various building standards were in effect at different periods of time. Modern steel systems, presented in the Dvermet MSK online store, are dimensionally suitable for niches in houses of any age.

On the modern market, the most popular systems are: 0.88 × 2.07 m and 0.96 × 2.07 m. They fit well into most entrances. Or without affecting the reinforcement, they allow you to increase the niche.

Custom sizes

If for apartments it is almost always possible to choose standard sizes of entrance metal doors with a frame, then with private houses the situation is slightly different. These buildings are often built according to special projects, so the geometry of the openings is very different. Such niches are provided both for 1-leaf systems, and for 2-leaf, one-and-a-half, with side blind inserts, with upper transoms. As a result, it is not always possible to find a finished product - all that remains is to apply for an individual order. It is carried out after measurements of the opening, and the final one - without slopes, plaster and other layers.

In order to obtain the results by which a block with a frame is selected, corrections are made to the geometry of the opening. When installing the product, mounting gaps of 1.5–2.0 cm are arranged on all sides. It is these numbers that are subtracted from the previously obtained data.

Dimensions of fireproof metal doors with a frame

The Dvermet MSK online store offers to purchase DMP EI 60 fire protection systems that meet all regulatory requirements, including Federal Law No. 123. Dimensions of metal door frames: 0.85 × 2.05 m; 0.87×2.05 m; 0.95×2.05 m; 1.3×2.05 m. This product has a quality certificate.

The dimensions of metal doors are the determining factors that must be taken into account when choosing and installing them. The quality and durability of the entrance structure depends on how accurately the standard for the production of the door and the preparation of the opening for its installation, taking into account all the technical features, will be observed.

Characteristics affecting the dimensions of the door:

• the material from which the door leaf with the frame is made;
• type of door and its purpose;
• opening size;
• manufacturer;
• weight.

What should be the height and width of the doors

The standard, which the dimensions of the front door must meet, is necessarily confirmed by the standards of GOST and SNiP and determined by the metric system. According to it, the size of the entrance opening for residential houses should be from 700 to 1540 mm wide, 2055-2060 mm high and 75 mm thick.

The optimal width indicator is 900-1000 mm.

According to these data, the size of the door leaf is selected:

• width from 600 to 900 mm;
• height 2 m.

Most of the canvases on the domestic market have standard dimensions of 800 or 900 mm, excluding the box. According to GOST, the parameters of the box should exceed the parameters of the door leaf by 6-7 cm, which means that the dimensions of the entire door block will be 870 or 970 mm wide and 2070 mm high with a tolerance of 10-15 mm.

Also, when calculating the web in relation to the opening, it is necessary to take into account the technical clearance for installation (10-20 mm) and the characteristics of the threshold height (25-45 mm).

Type of door construction

By type of construction doors differ:

• with transom;
• single leaf;
• one and a half;
• bivalve.

Single-leaf are divided into standard and narrow. The width of the narrow ones can reach 600-650 mm. Their installation is permissible only in the case of an atypical layout of the building as an entrance group to a technical or storage room.

Other types of doors are non-standard and large-sized openings are mounted. Double-leaf entrance groups can consist of 2 canvases of the same size or have one wide and one narrow canvas (one and a half).

Width (mm) of one and a half is:

• 1200 (400+800);
• 1400 (600+800 or 500+900).

As a rule, for one-and-a-half structures, the narrow part of the canvas remains deaf and motionless, while for double-leaf structures, both parts of the canvas can be movable. Their width standard in mm is:

• 1200 (600+600);
• 1600 (800+800);
• 1800 (900+900).

The height in this case can vary between 2000-2300 mm. Non-standard designs also include entrance groups with side and top transoms, which are made to order.

Mass indicators: features that affect

It is also important to pay attention to the correspondence of the dimensions of the canvas with the box. The slightest deviations in linear dimensions can lead to difficulties during operation or to a complete replacement of the input group. So, for example, using non-standard height/width doors or purchasing them separately from the frame, there is a risk that the weight of the metal door deforms the vertical support posts of the frame.

As a result, you may experience:

• difficulty opening / closing the canvas;
• distortion of the door leaf;
• the formation of cracks and drafts.

To prevent this from happening, you must adhere to the following rules:

• it is necessary to purchase a door with a frame from one manufacturer and in one set;
• the thickness of the canvas, as well as its height and width, must correspond to the parameters of the box;
• fixing elements to the door and fasteners of the frame to the opening must be used in a certain amount and selected taking into account the characteristics of the leaf mass.

Mass indicators depend on:

• steel thickness;
• number of stiffeners:
• the presence of a filler;
• cladding type.

The optimal weight of a metal door is 70-80 kg with a box. Characteristics such as insufficient thickness and weight (less than 50 kg), as a rule, are found in Chinese manufacturers and indicate poor quality.

Doors weighing more than 100 kg are heavy-duty structures, but also non-standard and because of this can cause problems during operation.

For more information on choosing their dimensions, see the video.

Degree of protection

The specific purpose of the entrance group is also a determining factor when choosing the size or arrangement of the opening. This is how standard and technical doors differ: fireproof, armored, soundproof or moisture-proof. The characteristics of special designs significantly enhance the degree of protection of housing.

For example, the thickness is 7 cm, and the armored one reaches 10-12 cm. The dimensions of fire-resistant structures are more impressive and can reach about 2500x2500 mm, which is due to the requirements for their patency during evacuation. Armored ones can also have non-standard dimensions (1200x1900 mm), but more often they are produced with dimensions of 1200x2050 mm.

When choosing the optimal input design, it is very important to consider how much a metal door weighs, its thickness and other overall characteristics. It depends on this whether it will fit the opening and whether it will be able to protect the house from break-ins, cold and drafts.

VKT Construction uses only metal boxes. The base material is a welded solid-bent profile made of electrolytically galvanized steel (1.5 mm) or stainless steel (1.25 mm). In the first case, the box is covered with polymer paint (the customer can choose a color from the RAL catalog). When ordering a stainless steel structure, you can choose one of the following surface options - polished, matte or mirror. Metal door frames are made in accordance with the size of the opening of the customer and are completed with a seal pressed into a special recess of the profile. So that during the installation of the door, the nests of the lock and hinges are not clogged with dirt, they are equipped with special shields.

Box types

Almost any steel door frame produced by VKT Construction is universal, that is, it is suitable for any type of wall. Also in the range are models designed specifically for plasterboard load-bearing structures. The type of box can be crimp, corner and sliding. After installation in the opening, it may be necessary to additionally process the mounting gaps on one or both sides. The advantage of swaging structures is that they can significantly save on finishing slopes. Similar solutions from our competitors have just begun to appear, and therefore are quite expensive. There are also simplified frames for lightweight door leaves.

Threshold Options

Stationary threshold. Has a height of 20 mm. It is made from the material from which the box itself is made. For thresholds made of galvanized steel, stainless steel linings are provided. transport threshold. Designed exclusively for the safe transportation of steel door frames, it is removed immediately before the installation of the structure in the doorway. It is made of galvanized steel 1.5 mm thick. Attached to the box with screws.