Comfortable room temperature. Do you know what the temperature in the apartment should be in winter? Optimal temperature for preschool organizations

Residents of apartment buildings are often interested in questions - what air temperature should be in the apartment in winter? When does the heating season start and end? In the article we will talk about the rules for measuring the air temperature in a residential area and the standards in accordance with GOST.

Heating rooms in multi-storey buildings in winter is the area of ​​responsibility of the resource supply organization that supplies heat to citizens. Heating is carried out according to special standards. The starting point in the calculations are comfortable living conditions.

What should be the air temperature in the apartment in winter?

The regulatory documents clearly spell out the temperature norm that must be observed in the winter in apartments. In accordance with GOST R 51617-2000, the values ​​of this most important parameter can fluctuate in the range of +18…+25ºС. This plug applies in general to living quarters. The specific meanings within it vary depending on their location and purpose.

If we are talking about a living room, then the air in it should be warmed up to at least + 18ºС. The upper bar at + 25ºС refers to bathrooms. This is due to the high humidity of the air in them. To prevent the accumulation of moisture and the development of various pathogenic microorganisms, the air circulating in such a room should be somewhat hotter.

According to the law, the established norm of temperature in an apartment in winter can fluctuate depending on the time of day. During the day, it is strictly observed. At night, when the activity of residents is much less, slight downward deviations are allowed. If from midnight to 5 o'clock in the morning the air cools down by no more than 3ºС from the standard, then this will not be considered a violation.

Discomfort for a person creates not only too cold, but also an overheated atmosphere. That is why SanPin also indicates the maximum level of air heating. In living rooms, this limit is + 24ºС.

Separately, the regulations prescribe the conditions for corner apartments. This is due to the fact that they have more walls in direct contact with the external environment. In such housing, heat exchange with outdoor air takes place more actively. For this reason, the temperature minimum for corner apartments is slightly higher - + 20ºС.

Comfort while living in an apartment building is provided, among other things, by the warmth of the entrances. They also install heating appliances and modern plastic windows. Otherwise, the entrance doors of the apartment become an additional source of heat loss. In accordance with the standards, the air in the stairwells must be warmed up to + 14 ... + 20ºС. The layout of many houses suggests the presence of inter-apartment corridors. In them, the air should be even warmer - + 16 ... + 22ºС.

There are other regulatory documents that you can rely on when determining the optimal temperature in an apartment in winter. For example, there is GOST 30494-2011. In it, the recommended temperatures in some places may differ slightly from those given above. However, the general principles of comfort remain the same. We give tabular data from this GOST.

Season	Room type
Cold	Living room
	Living room (northern regions)
	Bathroom, combined bathroom
	Inter-apartment corridor
	Children's rooms
	Living spaces

Start of the heating season

If heat is supplied to the houses centrally, then the decision to start the heating season is made at the local government level. For this, the necessary conditions must exist.

According to existing standards, the heating season starts if the average daily air temperature drops below +8ºС for five consecutive days. By the same principle, the date of turning off the central heating is calculated. To do this, it is necessary that during a similar time period the air warms up above + 8ºС on average per day.

Deviations from the general procedure described may be possible under special conditions. For example, in the spring, heating is often returned to city apartments again if the warming is followed by a serious steady cooling.

How is heat measured in a room?

Non-compliance with the parameters of normal temperature in the apartment established according to GOST in winter is the basis for complaints, followed by investigation and elimination of the causes. To defend your position, violations must be correctly recorded. The measurement of heat occurs subject to certain conditions.

Firstly, it is not necessary to record the indicators of warming up the air in the dwelling on a sunny day. Even in winter, the rooms are noticeably warmed up due to directly falling rays. You can postpone measurements, for example, in the early morning, when the sun has not yet risen. By this time, the effect of heating the building by the celestial body will disappear and it will not hurt to get reliable readings.

Secondly, before measurements, the room is carefully checked for tightness. If heat leaks are detected, measurements are suspended until they are fixed. One of the most common causes of leakage is the poor condition of windows. They may be poorly installed or simply old and in need of repair (replacement). Another frequently encountered moment is the destroyed sealing of interpanel seams. Unlike windows, their condition is not the responsibility of the owner of the living space, but the management company.

To make sure that there are no heat leaks, special devices are used - thermal imagers. Previously, they were produced only in the form of separate devices. Today, there are models of thermal imagers that are installed as accessories on modern smartphones. The cost of such models is quite high. However, many specialists have them, as they really make it possible to simplify the implementation of daily tasks.

Temperature measurements in the apartment in winter for compliance with standards are made in at least two rooms. This rule does not work only in 1-room apartments, in which the window occupies 30 percent of the wall area.

The measuring instrument is positioned as follows:

• distance from the outer wall and heating devices - 50 cm or more;
• distance from the floor - 60 cm or more.

If there are complaints about the discrepancy between the actual temperature in the apartment in winter and the norm that is required by law, you should first take measurements on your own. This will make sure that there are indeed discrepancies. This is followed by a message to the emergency dispatch service. In some cases, problems with heat supply can be caused by force majeure, for example, a breakthrough in a heating main. If nothing like this happened, then the dispatcher will schedule a visit to the specified address of the emergency brigade. She measures according to all the rules and draws up the corresponding official act.

Registered instruments are used for measurements. This fact is confirmed by special technical documentation. The act is drawn up with the following information:

• date of measurement;
• general description of the apartment and house;
• list of specialists included in the commission;
• instrument readings;
• measured temperature;
• signatures of the persons who made up the commission.

During measurements, two copies of the act are prepared. The first is transferred to the owner of the living space, the second remains with the specialists of the utility service that carried out the measurement.

Not only well-being, but also the state of human health depends on how comfortable the temperature in the apartment is. That is why scientists have identified certain norms that are considered optimal for room temperatures.

What should be the temperature in the room

In different countries and cities, the norm of a comfortable temperature regime is different, and this is due, first of all, to the climatic features of the area. To determine what air temperature is optimal for a particular room, you also need to consider how humid the air is in it.

In addition, it is worth noting that depending on the season, the microclimate also changes. For example, in winter, the apartment is heated with a battery and the temperature in it is slightly lower than in summer, when heating replaces the warm sun.

In the cold season, the air in the room should be warmed up to +22 degrees Celsius, and in the warm season - up to +25. At first glance, this difference may seem insignificant, but in fact it is not.

Room temperature

Perhaps it is no secret to anyone that the air in the apartment is heated unevenly. The temperature regime largely depends on what is the function of the room?

In addition, it is worth noting that the proper temperature regime must be maintained in all rooms and at the same time try to ensure that when moving from one room to another, you do not feel too strong changes in air temperature. A normal and comfortable temperature regime for a person implies that by moving, for example, from the living room to the kitchen, you will not feel a significant difference, as the temperature will change max 2 degrees to one side or the other.

Temperature regime for newborns

In the development of the baby, the conditions surrounding him play almost one of the most important roles and that is why it is necessary to observe the proper temperature regime in the room in which the child rests and spends most of his time. In order for the newborn not to get sick and his health not to be shaken, it is important not only to avoid hypothermia, but also excessive overheating.

The temperature norm for a baby also depends on its physical data:

1. A newborn born right on time and without any abnormalities will feel comfortable at 19°-21°C.
2. A premature baby requires more attention and therefore the air temperature in his bedroom should be approximately 24 ° -25 ° C.

What causes hypothermia or excessive overheating of the child's body

Room temperature for newborns should be comfortable and comply with the standard according to GOST. After all, heat in infants is released more intensely than in older children and they sweat more, because of this, the child's body loses the water and mineral salts it needs.

In order to prevent this from happening, you need to carefully monitor how much the air in the room warms up. It is also worth noting that there are a number of symptoms indicating that newborn overheated:

• The child's body temperature is slightly higher than normal
• The newborn begins to breathe through the mouth
• The baby's breathing is difficult due to the appearance of hard crusts in the nose
• Redness and diaper rash appear in the folds on the skin
• The baby may have a tummy ache

Due to even a slight hypothermia, a newborn can get sick, so you need to make sure that the temperature in the child’s bedroom does not drop even a couple of degrees.

How to create a comfortable temperature for the baby

Usually the temperature in the apartment does not fall below 18 - 20 degrees. With the exception of the period when the heating in the apartments has only recently been turned off or is about to be turned on.

Therefore, if you notice that the air in the room has become too cold and the newborn is freezing, you need to artificially “warm up” the room. In addition, it will also be useful to additionally warm the baby itself by covering it with a warm blanket or blanket.

We all know what the temperature should be in a baby’s room, but what if in the summer it’s indoors getting too hot? The answer to this question is simple: you need to give the child plenty of water, remove excess clothing from him and wipe with water. All these simple actions will help to avoid overheating.

In conclusion, it is worth noting that, despite the personal preferences of each person, doctors still recommend adhering to generally established norms. This is due to the fact that overheating or hypothermia is harmful not only for the body of a newborn baby, but also for the health of an adult.

Room temperature is the norm that utilities must comply with throughout the heating season. If it is not observed, the apartment owners have the right to write a complaint.

room temperature in winter

When we talk about the norm at room temperature, we mean the winter season. If it is warm outside, then the services of public utilities for additional heating of the apartment will not be required. The temperature regime in a residential building and apartment at this time of the year, that is, in winter, is regulated by SanPiN (indicated in the document "Sanitary Rules and Norms").

The optimum temperature for a residential apartment should be around 20-22 degrees Celsius, and the minimum - from 18 to 24 degrees. These norms are not taken from the "ceiling". The air in the house should be warmed up so that the whole family is comfortable. In this case, additional means of heating must not be used, such as, for example, electric fireplaces.

The beginning of the season should not coincide with frost. The normal temperature is reached with the help of preliminary measures.

Heat begins to flow into the apartments when five days in a row the street does not rise above +8 ° C. This means the beginning of the heating season, which, according to many years of experience, coincides with the onset of stable cold weather.

The end of the heating season - this time, on the contrary, coincides with the arrival of sustainable warming. If the temperature outside for 5 days is more than +8 degrees, then the heat is turned off. Of course, in each individual apartment, the air warms up unevenly. It will always be cooler in corner rooms. If there are gaps in the doors or windows of the apartment, then the temperature there will be lower than that of the neighbors.

And yet, for residential apartments, there are certain standards that our public utilities are required to live up to:

• in corner apartments - +20 o C;
• in living rooms, living rooms - + 20-22 o C;
• in the kitchen - +18 o C;
• in bathrooms - +25 o C;
• in elevators - +5 o C;
• in the lobbies, on the stairs - +16 o C;
• in attics and basements - +4 o C.

You can't measure temperature anywhere. There are special rules for this. If you are not sure that the temperature in your home is normal, then measure it not too close to the floor or ceiling. You also need to move away from windows and walls. Standard check: 1 meter away from the outer wall, 1.5 meters from the floor.

Deviations from the norm

Of course, every apartment cannot have the same temperature. But the difference between normal and real should not exceed 3-4 degrees.

The temperature depends not only on how well your batteries heat up, but also on other factors.:

• location of the house and apartment;
• the presence of heated entrances;
• the presence of windows and doors in the entrances that are not damaged;
• the condition of the house, the absence of cracks in it;
• insulation of the apartment, the absence of cracks in it.

If everything is fine with you, but the temperature is much lower or higher than normal, urgently call the control room and call a specialist. Better yet, pay a personal visit to the housing and communal service and leave a statement.

It must be written in 2 copies, one of them to keep after the secretary makes a mark on it. Measures are usually taken within one day to a week from the time a specialist is called.

On the video about the temperature in the apartment

If the temperature standards are not observed in the apartment for a long time, then after an appropriate check and drawing up of an act, the public utilities are obliged to reduce your payment by 0.15% for each hour of non-compliance with the norm.

Quite often, complaints are heard: “It’s cold at home! Why should we pay for barely warm batteries? What should be the temperature in the apartment in winter? Let's deal with these issues and find out in which cases it is legal to file a complaint with the Housing Office, and in which it is not.

Heating season

For every little thing in Russia there are special regulations. Our legislators did not ignore the climate inside the dwellings. They clearly established what temperature should be in the apartment of an average resident of the country. The law states that the period when the premises begin to be heated centrally begins when the outside temperature is at plus eight for five days. Similarly, the heating season ends. Again, short frosts in the off-season ZhEKi do not oblige to anything.

But what if the heating season has begun, but the house is still cold? Residents can write an application to the housing office. However, the concepts of "cold" and "hot" are very subjective. In order not to be unfounded in your complaint, you need to measure the temperature with a thermometer and give clear numbers of indicators. So, the law meticulously establishes minimum standards for different rooms: in a living corner room it should be +20, in the kitchen - +18, and in the bathroom, where we have to strip naked - and all +25.

At a height of one and a half meters from the floor, and a meter from the outer wall, install a thermometer and record its data. In housing and communal services they know what temperature should be in the apartment. They also know that for every hour you deviate from these parameters, your heating bill should be reduced by 0.15 percent. Now take a calculator and calculate how much you have to pay for barely warm batteries.

There are also clearly defined rules on this issue. All year round, hot water should be supplied to the taps: not lower than + 50 and not higher (to avoid burns) + 70 degrees. During the heating season, such water should also fill the batteries. How to check if hot water in your house is supplied as required by the regulations? Open the faucet, substitute a glass with a thermometer. A deviation of 4 degrees is allowed, but only upwards.

Troubleshooting

Perhaps the housing office is not to blame for anything, and your batteries are simply “airy”. In this case, the tenant writes a statement to the DEZ.

The master must come and fix the breakdown within a week (depending on the complexity of the repair). After checking, the DEZ engineer draws up an act, one copy of which remains in the hands of the tenant and can serve as the basis for recalculating the rent for this period.

Recalculation of payment for heating

If you suffer from a systematic deviation of indicators from accepted standards (and they are determined by special Rules, which describe in great detail how services are provided for which utility bills are taken), you can start a lawsuit. As a result, housing and communal services will either fix problems with heating, or you will pay less for it. Even in the event of an accident or other emergency, it is clearly spelled out how long people can go without hot water. According to section VIII of the above Rules, residents must report in writing to the accident service (ZHEK, housing and communal services, etc.) about all problems, including inadequate indoor climate. A commission comes with a check and draws up an act, which indicates what temperature should be in the apartment, and what it really is. This document is signed by the complainant himself. If the commission did not appear, a similar act can be drawn up by the tenant, who took the neighbors as witnesses. The recalculation of the fee is set for the entire "ice age" - until the breakdown is fixed and your house becomes warm again.

You can't forbid living comfortably. Many want it, but not everyone succeeds. It's not about a convenient layout, the presence of good furniture, a large area. Often the feeling of comfort depends on the microclimate in the room. What is the standard temperature in the apartment set by regulatory documents? What temperature should be in the apartment in terms of comfort? How can it be measured and adjusted? Such questions are often asked by the owners of square meters in high-rise buildings.

In conversations, the number +18 o C is often encountered. What is this number, where did it come from, and is it the same everywhere? GOST R 51617-2000 and SanPiN 2.1.2.2645-10 clearly define what should be the humidity and air temperature in the premises at different times of the year.

Room temperature +18 o C - a very average figure. All people are different.

The Republic of Belarus has its own standards for the level of heat in the house.

Talking about a certain average figure is not entirely correct and correct. This temperature is far from comfortable for most people living in apartment buildings.

If we consider each individual separately, then one in the spring wants to turn on the heater, and another in frosty winter needs to open the window to create the required level of heat.

What are the dangers of high and low room temperatures

The human body does not tolerate the extreme values ​​of any parameters, whether it be air pressure and humidity, the presence of oxygen in it, its purity. This also applies to temperature. An excessive increase or decrease in room temperature is extremely poorly tolerated by young children and the elderly.

Hot doesn't mean good

High temperatures in the house often lead to a decrease in indoor air humidity, which adversely affects human health:

• promotes the development of pathogenic microbes and ensures their spread;
• leads to drying of the mucous surface of the nasopharynx and an increase in the likelihood of microbes entering the body;
• moisture is removed from the circulatory system, due to which blood thickens, the load on the heart increases, blood pressure rises - a consequence - the risk of stroke increases;
• there is an increased sweat secretion, which disrupts the water balance of the body.

It's cold too, not ice

It is difficult to call the optimal temperature in the apartment the one at which a person begins to feel the desire to crawl under the covers or dress warmly. Low digital climate indicators for a long time negatively affect the health and mental state of residents. There is an excessive loss of heat, which is fraught with the development of colds, viral, respiratory diseases.

Before the heating period, you can use economical quartz heaters. The high melting point of quartz sand allows for strong heating of the panel.

What determines the temperature in the living room

The following factors influence the quantitative indicators of air temperature:

• specific coefficient of heat loss through the building envelope (how much heat escapes through the ceiling, walls, windows, floor);
• placement of an apartment in a house in height (on the first and last floors, temperature drops are more significant than on those in the middle);
• the presence of a large number of external walls (corner living space);
• quality and quantity of air exchange;
• temperature and speed of the coolant in the heating system;
• number and condition of heating system radiators.

Each of these factors can be influenced by achieving a favorable air temperature in the apartment.

We change at our discretion

In the absence of individual apartment heating or a house boiler room, it is hardly possible to influence the quality parameters of the coolant, so you should pay attention to other factors affecting the temperature.

When choosing an apartment to buy, evaluate its location in order to reduce heat loss in winter and overheating in summer. Install windows made using new technologies. Increase the number of radiators by providing for the installation of thermostats or taps on each of them. Insulate building envelopes.

We measure correctly

Not everyone knows how to measure the temperature in a residential area correctly. Not only the accuracy of the measurement depends on compliance with a certain measurement procedure, but also the possibility of making a claim against the heat supply organization to reduce payment for heating.

The following conditions must be met:

• measure the temperature in the apartment in cloudy weather, as on a sunny day there is additional air heating through windows and building structures;
• before determining the temperature, ensure the complete tightness of the room (close windows, doors leading to common corridors or stairwells, check that there are no gaps in them);
• take temperature measurements in at least two rooms (with the exception of one-room apartments);
• the temperature should be measured at a distance of half a meter from the outer wall and 60 cm from the floor.

In case of registration of readings below the minimum temperature established by regulatory documents, notify the emergency dispatch service of the heat supply organization. In case of normal functioning of the system (there are no accidents), an emergency team leaves for the place. She is required to draw up an act of measuring temperature. The temperature is measured using a registered and tested device that has the appropriate certificates and documents.

The act of control is drawn up in at least two copies, one of which remains with the owner of the living space.

The act specifies:

• date and time of its compilation;
• the address of the dwelling with indication of its characteristics;
• information characterizing the measuring device (brand, model, certification and verification information);
• fixed values ​​of air temperature;
• signatures of the commission members.

For review, a sample act can be downloaded on the websites of management companies, housing cooperatives, homeowners associations.

We study the norms

After replenishing the baggage of knowledge, it's time to answer the question: "What should be the air temperature in different rooms of the apartment?"

Living spaces

Living rooms include rooms used for rest and sleep:

• living rooms;
• halls;
• bedrooms;
• children's.

This includes the premises of home libraries, study rooms, rooms with hunting trophies. In most of these rooms, a person is either at rest or inactive. In this regard, the temperature norm is 18 - 20 ° C, while the optimum for a person is 20 - 22 ° C (in summer - 20 - 28 and 22 - 25 ° C, respectively). In buildings located in northern latitudes, the quantitative indicator is 1 - 2 degrees higher.

Kitchen

The cooking rooms provide for the installation of a large number of equipment that generates heat during their work:

• gas and electric stoves;
• household appliances for cooking;
• dishwashers and washing machines.

To create a comfortable working area, an expansion of the permissible temperature range from 18 to 26 ° C is provided.

Toilet

This room does not provide for the permanent or long-term presence of people in it. Therefore, heat costs are provided for much less than in residential premises. Comfortable and acceptable indicators are comparable to kitchen temperatures.

Bathroom, shared bathroom

In this room, the human body is in contact with water. At the same time, the heat transfer of the body increases sharply. High humidity is set in the room. In order to prevent diseases of residents, the formation of mold, the destruction of finishing and building materials, the norms provide for a higher temperature than in other rooms. A comfortable temperature is set at 24 - 26 ° C, it can be lowered to 18 ° C.

For storage rooms, winter preparations, tools, the standards do not impose any special requirements. It is allowed to lower the temperature to 12 ° C. The upper threshold of the permissible temperature is 22 ° C.

Big Picture

For convenience and systematization of what has been said, the digital data are listed in the table. The humidity of the air and the speed of its movement has a direct impact on the sensations experienced by a person from a particular temperature. Changing these parameters leads to the fact that human sensations of the temperature of the surrounding atmosphere can differ significantly from those measured by instruments.

Temperature standards for living

Name of premises	Air temperature, °С		Relative humidity, %		Air speed, m/s
	comfort	let-may	comfort	let-may	comfort	let-may
Cold season
Living room	20-22	18-24	45-30	60	0,15	0,2
The same, in areas of the coldest five-day period (-31°С and below)	21 -23	20-24	45-30	60	0,15	0,2
Kitchen	19-21	18-26	N/N	N/N	0,15	0,2
Toilet	19-21	18-26	N/N	N/N	0,15	0,2
Bathroom, combined bathroom	24-26	18-26	N/N	N/N	0,15	0,2
Inter-apartment corridor	18-20	16-22	45-30	60	0,15	0,2
Lobby, staircase	16- 18	14-20	N/N	N/N	0,2	0,3
	16- 18	12-22	N/N	N/N	N/N	N/N
Warm period of the year
Living room	22-25	20-28	60-30	65	0,2	0,3

In most apartments, the doors to the premises, with the exception of the bathroom, toilet, pantry, do not close. Using tabular information, you can set what air temperature should be in the apartment. We get that at a relative humidity of 60% and an air speed of 0.2 m / s, the comfortable temperature in the apartment is 21.6 ° C.

Each of us has different ideas about the comfort of home. Knowing what the temperature in the apartment should be will allow you to make reasonable claims to the supplying organization, get a recalculation within 0.15% of the tariff for each hour of air temperature below normal.