Heroes of the fairy tale the night before Christmas gogol. Encyclopedia of Fairy Tale Heroes: "The Night Before Christmas"

Name: Christmas Eve

Genre: Tale

Duration: 10min 21sec

Annotation:

The villagers are getting ready for Christmas night. Chub is expected to visit the clerk at home, who will leave his arrogant beauty daughter Oksana alone. The blacksmith Vakula is waiting for Chub to leave the house to pay a visit to Oksana. He is hopelessly in love with her, but his love is unrequited. He would get the moon out of the sky for her if he could. For her, he was ready for anything.
And in fact, someone actually removed the moon from the sky that night. And none other than the devil himself. He harbored a grudge against the blacksmith, because he painted the devil on the walls of the church, and even so truthfully. The picture showed that the devil has a great lack of sinners who are destined to go to him, to hell. The devil wanted to destroy the plans of the villagers and stole the light that the moon gave. He hoped that Chub would stay at home, thereby preventing Vakula from spending that evening with his beloved Oksana. And this story will tell what can happen when the devil and people interfere in each other's affairs.

N.V. Gogol - The night before Christmas. Listen to short audio content online.

Gogol N.V. included “The Night Before Christmas” in the cycle “Evenings on a Farm near Dikanka”. The events in the work take place at the time just at the time when, after the work of the Commission involved in the abolition, the Cossacks appeared to it.

"Christmas Eve". Gogol N. V. The Promise of Vakula

The last Christmas day has come to an end. It was a clear frosty night. No one sees how a couple flies in the sky: the witch collects the stars in her sleeve, and the devil steals the moon. The Cossacks Sverbyguz, Chub, Golova and some others are going to visit the clerk. He will celebrate Christmas. Oksana, Chub's 17-year-old daughter, whose beauty was talked about throughout Dikanka, was left alone at home. She was just dressing up when the blacksmith Vakula, who was in love with the girl, entered the hut. Oksana treated him harshly. At this time, cheerful, noisy girls burst into the hut. Oksana began to complain to them that she had no one to even give little slippers. Vakula promised to get them for her, and those that not every lady has. Oksana, in front of everyone, gave her word to marry Vakula if he brought her such slippers as the queen herself had. The blacksmith, discouraged, went home.

"The Night Before Christmas", Gogol N. V. Guests at Solokha

At this time, the Head came to his mother. He said that he did not go to the deacon because of the snowstorm. There was a knock on the door. The head did not want to be found at Solokha and hid in a coal sack. The deacon knocked. It turns out that no one came to him at all, and he also decided to spend time in Solokha's house. There was another knock at the door. This time the Cossack Chub came. Solokha hid the deacon in a sack. But before Chub had time to tell about the purpose of his arrival, someone knocked again. This returned home Vakula. Not wanting to run into him, Chub climbed into the same sack into which the clerk had climbed before him. Before Solokha had time to close the door behind her son, Sverbyguz came up to the house. Since there was nowhere to hide him, she went out to talk to him in the garden. The blacksmith couldn't get Oksana out of his head. But nevertheless, he noticed the bags in the hut and decided to remove them before the holiday. At that time, fun was in full swing on the street: songs and carols were heard. Among the laughter and conversation of the girls, the blacksmith also heard the voice of his beloved. He ran out into the street, resolutely approached Oksana, said goodbye to her and said that in this world she would not see him again.

"The Night Before Christmas", Gogol N. V. Help of the devil

After running through several houses, Vakula cooled down and decided to turn to Patsyuk, a former Cossack who was known as strange and lazy, for help. In his hut, the blacksmith saw that the owner was sitting with his mouth open, and dumplings themselves were dipped in sour cream and sent to his mouth. Vakula told Patsyuk about his misfortune, said that in such despair he was ready to turn even to hell. At these words, an unclean man appeared in the hut and promised to help. They ran out into the street. Vakula caught the devil by the tail and ordered him to be carried to the queen in Petersburg. At this time, Oksana, saddened by the words of the blacksmith, regretted that she was too harsh with the guy. Finally, everyone noticed the bags that Vakula had already taken out into the street a long time ago. The girls decided that there is a lot of good. But when they untied them, they found the Cossack Chub, the Head and the deacon. They laughed and joked about this incident the whole evening.

N. V. Gogol, "The Night Before Christmas". Content: at the reception of the queen

Vakula flies in the starry sky on the line. At first he was afraid, but then he became so brave that he even made fun of the demon. Soon they arrived in St. Petersburg, and then to the palace. There, at the reception of the queen, there were just Cossacks. Vakula joined them. The blacksmith expressed his request to the queen, and she ordered him to bring out the most expensive shoes embroidered with gold.

Retelling. Gogol, "The Night Before Christmas": the return of Vakula

In Dikanka they began to say that the blacksmith either drowned himself, or accidentally drowned. Oksana did not believe these rumors, but nevertheless she was upset and scolded herself. She realized that she fell in love with this guy. The next morning they served matins, then mass, and only after it did Vakula appear with the promised slippers. He asked Oksana's father for permission to send matchmakers, and then showed the girl the slippers. But she said that she didn’t need them, because she didn’t need them ... Then Oksana didn’t finish and blushed.

For changing last day before Christmas comes a clear frosty night. The maidens and lads had not yet come out to carol, and no one saw how smoke went out of the chimney of one hut and a witch rose on a broomstick. She flashes like a black speck in the sky, picking up stars in her sleeve, and the devil flies towards her, to whom “the last night was left to stagger along white light". Having stolen the month, the devil hides it in his pocket, assuming that the darkness that has come will keep the houses of the rich Cossack Chub, invited to the clerk at kutya, and the hated devil blacksmith Vakula (who painted a picture of the Last Judgment and the shamed devil on the church wall) will not dare to come to Chubova's daughter Oksana . While the devil is building chickens for the witch, Chub and his godfather, who left the hut, do not dare to go to the sexton, where a pleasant society will gather for varenukha, or, in view of such darkness, return home, and they leave, leaving the beautiful Oksana in the house, dressing up in front of a mirror, for which and finds her Vakula. The severe beauty taunts him, untouched by his gentle speeches. The frustrated blacksmith goes to unlock the door, on which Chub, who has gone astray and lost his godfather, knocks, deciding to return home on the occasion of the blizzard raised by the devil. However, the blacksmith's voice makes him think that he did not end up in his own hut (but in a similar, lame Levchenko, whose young wife, probably, the blacksmith came), Chub changes his voice, and an angry Vakula, poking, kicks him out. Beaten Chub, having read that from own house the blacksmith, therefore, left, goes to his mother, Solokha. Solokha, who was a witch, returned from her journey, and the devil flew in with her, dropping a month in the chimney.

It became light, the blizzard subsided, and crowds of carolers poured into the streets. The girls run to Oksana, and, noticing on one of them new laces embroidered with gold, Oksana declares that she will marry Vakula if he brings her the laces "which the queen wears." In the meantime, the devil, who has become mellow at Solokha's, is frightened away by the head, who has not gone to the clerk at the kutya. The devil quickly gets into one of the bags left in the middle of the hut by the blacksmith, but the head soon has to climb into the other, as the clerk knocks on Solokha. Praising the virtues of the incomparable Solokha, the clerk is forced to climb into the third bag, since Chub appears. However, Chub also climbs there, avoiding a meeting with the returned Vakula. While Solokha is explaining herself in the garden with the Cossack Sverbyguz, who has come after her, Vakula carries away the sacks thrown in the middle of the hut, and, saddened by the quarrel with Oksana, does not notice their weight. On the street he is surrounded by a crowd of carolers, and here Oksana repeats her mocking condition. Leaving all but the smallest sacks in the middle of the road, Vakula runs, and rumors are already crawling behind him that he either lost his mind or hanged himself.

Vakula comes to the Cossack Pot-bellied Patsyuk, who, as they say, is "a little like the devil." Having caught the owner eating dumplings, and then dumplings, which themselves climbed into Patsyuk's mouth, Vakula timidly asks for directions to hell, relying on his help in his misfortune. Having received a vague answer that the devil is behind him, Vakula runs away from the quick dumpling that climbs into his mouth. Anticipating easy prey, the devil jumps out of the bag and, sitting on the blacksmith's neck, promises him Oksana that very night. The cunning blacksmith, grabbing the devil by the tail and crossing him, becomes the master of the situation and orders the devil to take himself "to Petemburg, straight to the queen."

Having found Kuznetsov's bags about that time, the girls want to take them to Oksana to see what Vakula caroled. They go after the sled, and Chubov's godfather, having called for help from the weaver, drags one of the sacks into his hut. There, for the obscure, but seductive contents of the bag, there is a fight with the godfather's wife. Chub and the clerk are in the bag. When Chub, returning home, finds a head in the second bag, his disposition towards Solokha is greatly reduced.

The blacksmith, having galloped to St. Petersburg, appears to the Cossacks, who pass through Dikanka in the autumn, and, pressing the devil in his pocket, seeks to be taken to the tsarina. Marveling at the luxury of the palace and the wonderful paintings on the walls, the blacksmith finds himself in front of the queen, and when she asks the Cossacks who came to ask for their Sich, “what do you want?”, the blacksmith asks her for her royal shoes. Touched by such innocence, Catherine draws attention to this passage of Fonvizin standing at a distance, and Vakula gives shoes, having received which he considers it good to go home.

In the village at this time, the Dikan women in the middle of the street are arguing about exactly how Vakula laid hands on himself, and the rumors about this embarrass Oksana, she does not sleep well at night, and not having found a devout blacksmith in the church in the morning, she is ready to cry. The blacksmith, on the other hand, simply overslept Matins and Mass, and waking up, takes out a new hat and belt from the chest and goes to Chub to woo. Chub, wounded by Solokha's treachery, but seduced by gifts, agrees. He is echoed by Oksana, who has entered, ready to marry the blacksmith "and without the slippers." Having got a family, Vakula painted his hut with paints, and in the church he painted a devil, but “so nasty that everyone spat when they passed by.”

This story is included in the cycle of stories "Evenings on a farm near Dikanka", recorded and retold by the hospitable beekeeper Rudy Panko. Its very brief content is necessary for the student, because Ukrainian folklore is difficult to understand, and it would not hurt to further clarify the main events of the work. to understand and remember the story.

(275 words) On Christmas night, when the moon has just risen in the sky, and the youth is going to carols, the devil steals the moon from the sky. At the same time, the blacksmith Vakula comes to the daughter of the Cossack Chub Oksana. She taunts the lad in love and says that she will marry him if she only gets little slippers like those of the queen herself.

The frustrated lad goes home. And at home, Vakula's mother, the witch Solokha, receives in turn the devil, the village head, the clerk, and then the father of Oksana Chub. Frightened by the head, the devil climbs into one of the bags on the floor of the hut. The head is hidden in the same bag, with the advent of the clerk. Diak, too, soon finds himself in a sack because of Chub. And with the arrival of Vakula, Chub also climbs into the bag. Vakula takes the bags out of the hut, not noticing their weight, but when he meets Oksana with a crowd of carolers, he drops everything except the lightest. He runs to Pot-bellied Patsyuk, who, according to rumors, is akin to hell. Having achieved nothing from Patsyuk, the unfortunate blacksmith again finds himself on the street, and then the devil jumps at him from the bag. Having crossed him, Vakula orders the evil spirits to take him to the Empress in Petersburg. In the meantime, Chub, dyak and the head are selected from the bags.

Vakula, once in St. Petersburg, persuades the Zaporizhzhya Cossacks to take him with them to an appointment at the Tsaritsyn Palace. There he asks Catherine for her royal shoes, and having received them, he quickly goes home.

There were already rumors on the farm that Vakula had committed suicide out of grief and insanity. Oksana finds out about this, cannot sleep all night, and not seeing the always pious blacksmith in the church in the morning, she realizes that she loves him.

Vakula overslept from fatigue church service, and waking up, he goes to woo Oksana with little boots. Chub gives his consent, as does his daughter, who no longer needs any shoes.

Feedback: Like all Gogol's works, "The Night Before Christmas" is not without mystical themes. Love that either helps or hinders devilry, remains main theme almost every story in this cycle. And all this against the backdrop of the life of a Ukrainian farm, with priceless color. And for a more accurate transmission of the picture - a truly Gogol vocabulary, using "speaking" surnames and folk colloquial speech.

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The story "The Night Before Christmas" was written by N.V. Gogol in 1830 - 1832. The first edition of the work was published in 1832 in the printing house of A. Plushard. The story is included in the famous cycle of the writer "Evenings on a farm near Dikanka". In The Night Before Christmas, Gogol humorously portrayed the poeticized rural life on a holiday, revolving the plot around the love story of the blacksmith Vakula and the daughter of a wealthy Cossack Oksana.

main characters

Vakula- a blacksmith, "a strong man and a kid anywhere", in his spare time he was engaged in "painting", was in love with Oksana and flew to St. Petersburg on the line to get the tsarina's slippers for her.

Oksana- the daughter of the Cossack Chub, beloved of Vakula, she "was not yet seventeen years old", "she was capricious, like a beauty."

Heck- Disliked Vakula because he painted him in a bad light, took the blacksmith to St. Petersburg.

Other characters

Forelock- a rich Cossack, widower, Oksana's father.

Solokha- the witch, the mother of Vakula, "had no more than forty years of age."

Pot-bellied Patsyuk- a healer, a former Cossack who has been living in Dikanka for many years.

Head, clerk, godmother Panas, Empress Catherine.

In Dikanka, a clear winter night came before Christmas. Suddenly, a witch on a broom flew out of the chimney of one of the huts and, rising to the sky, began to collect stars in her sleeve.

On the other hand, a devil appeared in the sky. He hid the moon in his pocket, and the surroundings immediately became dark. The devil did this so that the Cossack Chub would be too lazy to walk in the dark and stay at home, and therefore the blacksmith Vakula could not come to his daughter Oksana. So the devil wanted to take revenge on the blacksmith, who painted him ashamed in the picture with the Last Judgment.

Chub, together with Panas, waiting for a "good drink" at the deacon's, leave the Cossack's hut and see that the moon has disappeared from the sky, and it has become completely dark on the street. After hesitating, they still decide to continue on their way.

While Chub left, Oksana, who was left alone at home, admired herself in front of the mirror. Behind this case, Vakula, who came to her, finds the girl. The blacksmith turns to Oksana with gentle speeches, but she only laughs and mocks him. Annoyed, Vakula decides that the girl does not love him.

Suddenly there was a knock on the door, and the blacksmith went to open it.

The frost increased, so the devil and the witch went down through the chimney to her hut. The witch was none other than Vakula's mother, Solokha. She knew how to charm men in such a way that many Cossacks of the village went to her, while not one of them knew about her rivals. Among all the admirers, Solokha singled out the rich Cossack Chub.

Meanwhile, when the devil was descending into the chimney, he noticed Chub and made a strong snowstorm, thus trying to bring him home.

And indeed - not seeing anything because of the snowstorm, Chub decided to go back and he and his godfather went in different directions. Having reached his hut, the Cossack knocked, but, hearing Vakula's indignant cry, he decided that this was not his house, and changed his voice. Not recognizing Chub in the newcomer, the blacksmith beat the Cossack. Then Chub, reasoning that if Vakula was here, then he was not at home, he went to Solokha.

While the devil was flying out of the chimney and back, the moon flew out of the "ladunka" hanging on its side and rose into the sky. “Everything lit up. Blizzards like never before." Crowds of caroling lads and girls with sacks appeared in the street.

The girls hurried to Chub's house. Oksana noticed new slippers on one of the girls and felt sad that she had no one to get a beautiful new thing. Then Vakula himself volunteered to get "such little laces as a rare lady wears." Jokingly, Oksana said that only those worn by the queen herself would suit her, and if the blacksmith got them, she would marry him.

A hefty head suddenly comes to Solokha, who was sitting with the devil. While the woman was opening the doors, the unclean man hid in a sack. The head had only time to drink a glass of vodka and say that because of the snowstorm he did not get to the deacon, when there was another knock on the door - it was the deacon himself. Solokha hid her head in the second bag. However, the conversation between the woman and the deacon was soon interrupted - the Cossack Chub came to Solokha. The hostess hid the clerk in the third sack, and soon Chub, who did not want to see Vakula, who came to his mother, turned out to be in the same sack.

While Solokha went to the next visitor, the blacksmith takes away all three bags and, saddened by Oksana's bullying, does not even notice their weight.

On the street, Vakula meets carolers. Oksana, laughing, again repeats her condition in front of everyone. Frustrated, Vakula threw the bags on the ground and, taking the smallest one with him, said goodbye to everyone and ran away.

Vakula decides to go to the local healer - Pot-bellied Patsyuk - "he, they say, knows all the devils and will do whatever he wants." Having caught Patsyuk eating first dumplings, and after dumplings, which themselves flew into the owner's mouth, Vakula asks him how to find the devil in order to ask him for help. To this the sorcerer replied to him: "He does not need to go far, who has the devil behind him." Frightened by a quick dumpling flying into his mouth, Vakula runs away from Patsyuk.

Hearing the words of the blacksmith, the devil immediately jumped out of the bag and offered to conclude a contract, signing it with blood. However, Vakula grabbed the devil by the tail. Baptizing the unclean, the blacksmith saddled him and forced him to take him to St. Petersburg to the queen.

Oksana notices the bags left by Vakula and offers to pick them up. While the girls were fetching the sled, the sack with Chub and the clerk was carried away by the godfather who had left the tavern. During a quarrel between Panas and his wife over the contents of the bag, Chub and the clerk crawled out of it, explaining that they decided to joke like that.

The girls took the remaining bag to Oksana. At this time, Chub returned home and, finding an embarrassed head in a bag, was outraged by Solokha's cunning.

Having flown to Petersburg, the devil turned into a horse, and then, at the behest of Vakula, decreased and hid in his pocket. The blacksmith finds familiar Cossacks, and with the help of the unclean gets the consent to go with them to the queen.

In the palace of the Cossacks, Potemkin met Vakula, and then the queen herself. When Catherine asked the Cossacks with what request they came to her, the blacksmith immediately fell at the feet of the queen, asking for his wife the same beautiful little laces as hers. Catherine was amused by his innocence, and she ordered to bring the most expensive shoes with gold. Praising the legs of the queen, the blacksmith, pushed by the Cossacks, stepped back and the devil instantly transferred him already “behind the barrier”.

At that time, rumors were already circulating in Dikanka that Vakula had either drowned or hanged himself. Hearing about this, Oksana was very upset - after all, he loved her, and now, perhaps, he left the village forever or disappeared altogether. Vakula did not appear even after mass.

The blacksmith got back even faster, and, after weighing the devil three blows with a twig, let him go. Entering the house, Vakula immediately fell asleep and slept until mass. Waking up, the blacksmith took with him the queen's shoes for Oksana and a hat and belt for Chub, and went to the Cossack. After her father agreed to the matchmaking, the embarrassed girl said that she was ready to marry Vakula "and without little laces."

Having married, the blacksmith painted over his entire hut, and in the church he depicted the devil in hell - "so nasty that everyone spat when they passed by."

Conclusion

In the story "The Night Before Christmas" Gogol reveals the theme folk life, depicting a number of typical rural characters - the dexterous and strong blacksmith Vakula, the beautiful and narcissistic Oksana, the stupid and rich Chuba, the cunning Solokha and others. Introducing the story mythical characters(witch, devil, healer), the author brings the plot of the work closer to the fairy tale, thus intertwining the techniques of realism and romanticism in the story.

A brief retelling of "The Night Before Christmas" describes the main plot of the work, but for a better understanding of the story, we advise you to familiarize yourself with its full version.