If the child has difficulty writing from dictation (recommendations for parents). How to teach a first grader to write and read correctly

Errors in speech are hard to miss, especially in writing. In order not to become the subject of ridicule, it is important to learn how to write correctly. Literacy is easy for some, while spelling is difficult for some. Does it all depend on the student? How to teach a child to write beautifully and correctly? Should parents do this or only teachers at school?

In adulthood, you will often have to use written language, so the child should learn to write correctly

Why write beautifully?

There is no doubt that even today, despite the presence of high technology, the distinguishing feature of an educated person is the ability to speak and write accurately. Children still get grades in school. The question is different - is it worth it to write beautifully?

There is an opinion that soon the preference will be given to the ability to type quickly. Experts, on the contrary, are sure that beautiful handwriting is used to judge not only that the child is neat and assiduous. Mainly, this indicates a good development of fine motor skills, thanks to which we can talk about the presence of good abilities for intellectual development.

The development of motor skills of the hands

An important point in teaching a child to write is hand training. This will require a lot of effort. The most effective method is modeling. In stores for children, you can find a huge variety of modeling books. By the way, for these purposes, you can use ordinary clay or plasticine.

Working with plasticine improves fine motor skills and develops the child's attentiveness

How to sit at the table correctly?

It is necessary to sit correctly at a desk not only because of convenience, but also because it directly affects the efficiency, productivity of writing, as well as the quality of calligraphy. Table position rules:

• the back should be kept straight, while resting on the back of the chair;
• elbows should be on the surface of the table, especially the elbow of the hand with which you write;
• the chest should be at the distance of a child's fist from the edge of the table;
• the head needs to be tilted down a little so that the arm raised to the top on the elbow can touch the eyes with the help of the fingertips;
• feet should be placed on the floor, while the knees should be bent at an angle of 90⁰;
• the notebook must be placed at an angle of 45⁰ between the upper corner and the edge of the table, and the lower corner faces the center of the chest (it must coincide with the edge of the table opposite).

The first stage of learning to write is to observe the hygiene of child labor. During this period, the child should be taught the correct position at the table.

Correct body position when writing can minimize the strain on the hand

Sequence of learning

List of necessary subjects for teaching Russian:

• a pen, mostly gel, having three edges to form the necessary grip;
• copybook to learn how to write individual letters, phrases and sentences;
• notebook in oblique line.

Training takes place in several stages:

1. Stroke. It is recommended to use copybooks, where letters and words are marked with dotted dots. In addition to letters, you can find different sticks, squiggles, geometric shapes, patterns and pictures in them. Usually they begin to learn to write beautifully with them. When the kid has mastered drawing lines, ovals, roundings, it's time to start learning to write letters, numbers and words. In the process of such a stroke, the baby's fingers are trained in the correct spelling of letters and their connections. Children with great enthusiasm are engaged in such recipes. They are interested in watching how the dots become beautiful letters. After a while, the baby will be able to write beautifully on his own. In addition, it is allowed to engage in graphic dictations with the child, using a notebook in a cage, in which the child is asked to circle two cells to the right, two down, etc.
2. Strengthening the skills of writing letters, syllables and words, based on a sample. It is necessary to use copy-books, where there is an example of writing a letter (we recommend reading:). So the child will always have the opportunity to see how this or that letter is spelled correctly. It is important to remember that you should start teaching a child to write a new letter only after he succeeds in writing the previous one beautifully. For someone it takes 30 minutes, and for someone it takes more than 7 days. Give the child the opportunity to learn how to beautifully display letters, after that syllables and words.
3. Rewriting phrases and texts in their entirety, using the 1st 2nd type of copywriting. Such activities are aimed at preparing for independent work.
4. Consolidation of the gained experience. Every day, have your child rewrite a few lines from a story, verse, or song. This stage is the final and most difficult in the process of teaching a child beautiful writing.

The development of beautiful handwriting requires, among other things, the monotonous work of rewriting the text

Teaching writing in a wide range

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Writing in a notebook with a wide ruler is quite difficult for a baby, since he himself has to determine the width, height and slope of the letters. In doing so, he faces the following problems:

• too big letters
• very narrow letters;
• too small letters.

Tips for avoiding these problems:

1. Before starting to write on their own, the child should ideally master writing in a notebook in an oblique line.
2. Give the child the opportunity to practice writing letters and words in a notebook in an oblique ruler not on the working line, but on the space line. Its size is similar to a line in a wide ruler, however, thanks to the oblique lines, the baby will be able to make the desired slope.
3. You can make a combined type notebook, where sheets will alternate in an oblique and wide ruler. For example, a child writes a letter in a narrow line, and then performs this task in a wide line. So the baby will be able to see a sample of the correct spelling of the letter.
4. At first, all possible assistance in maintaining the necessary slope in a notebook with wide lines can be provided by a zebra sheet, which must be placed under the work sheet.

Until the child began to write confidently, a notebook in an oblique line will help form the handwriting

Ways to teach your child to write quickly

Five Minute

In order for the child to acquire the skills of fast writing, you can use the method called "Five Minute", which is playful in nature. Its essence is that every day the kid rewrites 5 sentences from his favorite book as a workout (we recommend reading:). The task takes only about ten minutes, but the method is very effective.

We write by time

This method is suitable for children who responsibly approach the task. It is based on the use of hours. Before completing the task, you need to ask the kid how long it will take him to do the lesson? For example, it will take him 20 minutes. It is necessary to put a clock near him and clearly explain how much time is at his disposal. When doing work, the baby will look at the clock and know whether he will have time to meet the allotted time or not. Thus, over time, the child will learn to write quickly.

Playful learning

To make the learning process for the child easier and more interesting, you can prepare your own material for didactic games. For example, tasks with uppercase templates are suitable. The desired result can be achieved through the following developmental tasks:

• the child plays the role of a teacher: where did I make a mistake?;

To make the child more interesting, you can sometimes trust him with the role of a teacher.

• try to find the twin letter;
• individual elements are missing: try to guess which letters are missing;
• several letters are missing in the word: try to guess what the word is;
• it is necessary to select a paired element for the sample.

How to deal with dysgraphia?

Sadly, but quite often there are schoolchildren who write with grammatical errors and suffer from dysgraphia. Due to dysgraphia, the child receives offensive statements and baseless reproaches. His problem is that he does not know how to apply his knowledge in practice.

In order for a child to learn to write without errors in a short period of time, it is necessary to organize comprehensive training: at school, at home, and if possible with a speech therapist. If the teacher has extensive experience behind him or the speech therapist is an excellent specialist, then they can cope with dysgraphia even in high school.

Independently at home, it is also possible to at least partially eliminate it.

Parents whose children make a lot of writing mistakes should follow these tips:

1. Let the baby walk more. Staying in the fresh air helps to saturate the brain with oxygen, increase efficiency, and the child will also be able to have a good rest.
2. If the kid does not go to school yet, let him play, do not load him too much with developmental tasks. During the game, the child acquires the skills of self-control, discipline and compliance with the rules.
3. You can enroll your child in any sports or dance club. In addition to the above skills, playing sports also contributes to the development of coordination, which favorably affects the process of learning to write.
4. You can lightly massage the baby's neck and neck. This will help ease the load on the spine, improve blood circulation and brain function.

In order not to fixate the child on one type of activity, it makes sense to enroll him in the sports section

What needs to be done in order for a child to learn literate writing? If your baby suffers from dysgraphia, you should respond in a timely manner by contacting a specialist for help, as well as independently conduct classes on a daily basis. If dysgraphia is a diagnosis, then parents are unlikely to be able to cope with it on their own without the help of a specialist. It is possible to find out how serious the problems in writing in a baby are by certain signs.

Signs of dysgraphia

Children with dysgraphia do not like learning Russian. Their notebooks look sloppy, the handwriting often changes: either it is very ugly, or it is completely impossible to make out what is written. If measures are not taken in time, the baby may develop complexes, because of which he may experience difficulty in writing.

However, smart, highly intelligent children can face such a problem. They are also able to get confused at the sight of a white blank sheet of paper and a ballpoint pen:

• the baby is trying hard to learn the rules, but still makes a large number of repetitive mistakes in the notebook;
• the handwriting is completely sloppy: the baby can mix up the letters, write them in the opposite direction, replace or add too much;
• the mood and well-being of the baby can affect handwriting;
• with such writing impairments, dysgraphics may be good at drawing.

Dysgraphia in a child is characterized not only by poor handwriting, but also by its dependence on the emotional state.

We should not forget that both pedagogical neglect, in which only parents are to blame, and genetic predisposition can influence the occurrence of dysgraphia. In both cases, the student is not to blame, so it is necessary to provide him with all possible assistance and in no case scold him or reproach him.

It may be that the baby simply does not have an interest in learning. In this case, you need to find an alternative. You can try to replace the usual textbook with an entertaining manual, for example, “Secrets of Spelling” by Granik G., in which interesting tasks are attached to the rules to consolidate the material. You can also represent the rules in the form of diagrams, or learn them using mnemonic symbols. Organize a small game for school: you will need a small board, chalk, toy notebooks and diaries.

Work on bugs

Before teaching a child to write, you need to understand what this process consists of, and what qualities of thinking need to be developed:

1. Hand memory based on motor memory. If the kid writes a difficult word many times, then he will remember it, and in the future he will automatically write it without error.
2. Mistakes are not allowed. It is enough for a schoolchild to make a mistake in a word once for it to be deposited in his memory, and another time he will definitely make it in the same word. If the baby doubts the correct spelling of any word, he should better ask for help.
3. Develop hearing. One of the main factors of literacy is the ability to distinguish speech sounds, characterize them and compare them with the rules.
4. Pronounce the word the way it is spelled correctly. In this case, different types of memory will be involved: auditory, motor, spelling. In addition, the baby acquires decision-making skills, which is a good training for the brain processes responsible for competent writing. You can use this technique even in the classroom, pronouncing the words in a whisper.
5. Writing comments are a very effective way to teach good writing. Its essence is as follows: before writing something, the student must tell the rule that he wants to use. This technique will help the baby acquire and improve spelling skills.

The development of hearing is extremely important for the reproduction of written speech.

Other ways to teach literate writing

In order for the kid to be able to master an error-free letter, you can independently come up with exciting and entertaining tasks for him, in which you do not need to sit at your desk:

1. Invite your child to read syllables daily for 5-10 minutes, emphasizing the vowel and pronouncing it as it is written. Let him read slowly at first, and then faster.
2. You can print out a spelling dictionary and add small phrases of 15-20 words to your reading.
3. Twice a week, arrange short dictations of 4-6 words. Let the kid himself check the work done and put a mark.
4. In large letters, you can print several lines from any work. Let the child use a felt-tip pen or red paste to underline all the letters A in the text, next time - E, etc. Each time come up with different tasks so that the baby is still interested in playing. During such classes, the child trains attention and perseverance.
5. At the end of the week, arrange a small test task for the baby: read a little, rewrite the text, while pronouncing difficult words in syllables 2-3 times, check your work.

Currently, in addition to the classics, you can find modern textbooks specially written by authors with extensive experience in teaching children literacy:

• collections of Uzorova O.;
• spelling aids Akhremenkova L.;
• textbook "Texts for cheating grade 2";
• allowance "Control cheating grade 1" Ushakova O.;
• additional allowances Shklyarova T.

Preparing to write a dictation

The teacher prepares the class for the work in advance, as a rule, several days in advance. At the same time, he specifies the topic to which the work will be devoted. Try to get the baby to always tell you about the upcoming test. If he does not remember the topic, you can guess for yourself that it concerns those rules that were studied in the previous chapter. However, sometimes dictations do occur that contain spellings that have long been passed, so it would be better if you check the topic with the teacher.

You can prepare at home for writing a dictation by doing the following:

• re-learn the rules;
• conduct training on their use;
• write a short text under dictation, meeting a certain deadline;
• to repeat words from the dictionary;
• do tasks similar to those to be completed at school;
• check the work done.

It is desirable to create conditions close to the lesson - do not prompt, limit time, nothing superfluous should lie on the table. If the baby has difficulty with any rule, you need to pay more attention to it:

• you need to make sure that the child has not forgotten the rule and understands it;
• let him try to write the text, commenting on why he wrote exactly this letter, what rule he applied, etc.

To prepare for the dictation, it is desirable to create conditions for the child close to school

Do not forget that when checking, the teacher will rate not only for error-free writing, but also for how accurately the work is done. That is why it is important that the baby can correct the flaws correctly.

How to write a dictation for five?

To get a high mark for the dictation, you must follow certain rules. When preparing for writing a test, adhere to the following recommendations given by teachers with many years of experience behind them:

1. you need to listen carefully, focus on punctuation marks;
2. start work only after the teacher has read the sentence to the end;
3. do not rush to write ahead of time, even if you think that you remember everything;
4. when writing, pronounce words to yourself in syllables;
5. do not look in a notebook to a neighbor;
6. always check when the teacher re-reads for the class to check;
7. During self-checking, carefully read all the words syllable by syllable.

Innate Literacy

Innate literacy refers to an excellent visual memory for words. As a rule, this is characteristic of people who are indifferent to classical literature, since they regularly have a sample of literate written speech before their eyes.

Speech errors are always noticeable, especially written ones. And if a mathematical defect is perceived with understanding, then inferior literacy causes indignation or even ridicule. Why do some people find error-free writing easy, while others struggle with spelling? Is it the student's fault? Can you help him? How to teach a child to write correctly so that in adulthood he remains a master of writing?

Teaching literate writing - is dysgraphia victorious?

According to statistics, seven students out of ten write with errors, and three out of ten younger students suffer from dysgraphia.

Dysgraphia becomes the cause of many annoyances and unfair reproaches. A child with dysgraphia may know the rules better than anyone in the class, but he fails to use them.

Learning to write well should be a united front: at school, at home, and possibly with a speech therapist. A competent teacher or a good speech therapist can defeat dysgraphia even in high school. But at home, on your own, it is quite possible, if not to get rid of it completely, then at least reduce its impact. What can parents of children with many writing errors do?

• Walk the child, do not keep him at home. Active games in the fresh air will saturate the brain with oxygen, increase the efficiency of the baby, and provide him with a good rest.
• At preschool age, let the child play, postpone developing intensives for later. The game teaches the kid to follow the rules, self-control, discipline.
• For the same reason, send your child to the dance section or to the sport. In addition to volitional qualities, sport develops coordination, which is an extremely positive prerequisite for teaching literacy.
• Give your child a light massage of the neck and neck, this will unload the spine, activate blood flow and brain function.

How to teach a student to write correctly? To the consolation of the parents of dysgraphics, this "spelling ailment" is correctable. It is important to contact a specialist on time and engage systematically. Can parents overcome dysgraphia on their own? If a we are talking about the diagnosis, the help of a specialist is needed. How to recognize serious violations in the written language of a child? There are some signs of this...

Signs of dysgraphia in illiterate writing

Children with dysgraphia do not like to write. Their notebooks are sloppy, the handwriting is constantly changing: from bad to completely unreadable. If you do not deal with the correction, this violation becomes the cause of complexes and difficulties in writing (during exams, at work, at home). Meanwhile, an illness can strike even an intellectual - often smart, developed children are completely helpless when a blank sheet and a ballpoint pen are placed in front of them:

• Mistakes in notebooks are repeated, there are many of them, although the kid diligently learns the rules.
• The schoolboy has bad handwriting, he confuses the letters, writes them in the wrong direction, replaces, adds too much.
• Dysgraphic handwriting can depend on mood and well-being.
• With all the "written" shortcomings, dysgraphics can draw well.

How to teach a child to write without mistakes? It is important to remember that the causes of digraphia and dyslexia (reading disorders that often accompany dysgraphia) can be different - from pedagogical neglect (and only parents are to blame here) to genetics. As you can see, the student is not guilty in either case, so he needs help and does not deserve reproaches and censures.

Perhaps the kid just does not want to learn, maybe he is not interested. And then an alternative is needed. A boring textbook successfully replaces a fascinating manual, for example, “Secrets of Spelling” by Granik G., where the rules are combined with assignments for consolidation. Try to draw rule diagrams or memorize them using mnemonic symbols. Set up a toy school with real trappings: a small blackboard, chalk, tiny notebooks and diaries.

Correct writing: how to overcome mistakes

To teach a child to write correctly, you need to figure out how the writing process takes place and what qualities of thinking need to be developed:

• Hand memory - this factor is based on motor memory. Having written a difficult word several times, the student remembers it and can remember the spelling automatically without thinking.
• In connection with the rule voiced above, a second premise arises: you cannot make mistakes. Having written a word with an error at least once, we fix it in memory. Next time we will make a mistake in the same place almost certainly. If the student does not know how to write a word, let him ask a question or look in the book.
• Hearing, namely the ability to distinguish speech sounds, determine their characteristics, bind them to rules, is one of the main prerequisites for literacy.
• Spelling articulation, self-dictation, pronunciation of a word as it is written, involves several types of memory at once: auditory, articulatory (motor), spelling. In addition, the child learns to make a decision, trains the brain processes responsible for literacy in writing. The same technique can be used in the classroom, only you need to pronounce it in a whisper.
• A letter with comments is the pinnacle of good writing. Before writing, the student explains the rule he is going to apply. This exercise can bring spelling skills to full automatism.

Unusual methods of teaching literate writing

How to teach a child to write without mistakes? Try to work out with him yourself, but do not sit down at your desk, but offer something interesting and unusual.

• For 5-10 minutes a day (in secondary school - about 15 minutes) let the child read "like a foreigner" - syllable by syllable, highlighting the stressed vowel, pronouncing it as it is written (ko-rO'-va po'-went to the meadow YES tra-woo'). The pace of reading gradually accelerates.
• Print out a spelling dictionary (you will find it at the end of the textbook) and include short passages of one and a half to two dozen words in your “foreign” reading.
• A couple of times a week write dictations of 5-7 vocabulary words. Ask your child to check their work and even rate it.
• Print in large print an excerpt from the classics - Bunin, Tolstoy, Ushinsky. Give the kid a felt-tip pen, a marker, a red pen, a proofreader - let him cross out all the letters O in the text today, another time - U, and so on. Change the “tools of labor”, give feasible tasks - this way you will keep your interest in the game, train your attention and perseverance.
• We prepare printouts, as mentioned above. On one of the days off, we ask a little schoolboy to complete the following task: read; write down, first pronouncing difficult words in syllables 2-3 times; check yourself (since this task is quite voluminous, small texts are taken for copying).

In addition to the classics, there are modern manuals developed by experienced authors to improve the literacy of children:

• collections of Uzorova O.
• spelling "problems" by Akhremenkova L.
• the book “Texts for cheating grade 2”
• textbook "Control cheating grade 1", Ushakova O.
• Auxiliary aids Shklyarova T.

Is there an excellent student in your family? - This is a great merit of adults. The highest score in the subject is an assessment of parental work as well. But do not be discouraged if the first-grader took a not very successful start and fell a little behind in the distance. Almost all violations can be corrected, the main thing is to strive for this and be a purposeful team!

You can learn to write correctly and correctly in a couple of months. Read about the methods in the article.

There is an opinion that in our age of modern technology, the main thing is to be able to print quickly. After all, both work and life outside of it are connected with computers and smartphones.

• We communicate on the Internet and try to quickly type search queries on the Internet or print messages.
• But experts, on the contrary, are sure that you need to learn calligraphic handwriting. Indeed, according to a competent and beautiful letter, one can judge not only accuracy and perseverance.
• Especially in children, this indicates a good development of fine motor skills of the hands, thanks to which one can judge an excellent intellectual development.
• This article contains methods to help teach children and students of middle and high school to write correctly, and tips for adults.

How to quickly teach a child to write dictations correctly: secret number 1

Parents are pleased to hear when their baby begins to coo and pronounce the first words. Also, mom and dad rejoice after a while, when the baby’s speech becomes understandable, and the answers to questions are meaningful.

• When the child grows up a little more, parents send their child to a kindergarten, where they begin to teach him to write.
• Almost all parents demand that the letters be written out accurately, despite the fact that the child is only 5 or 6 years old. This is a big mistake!
• In order for a child to learn to write correctly, time must pass and come.
• Scientists have found that the formation of the level of correct spelling is completed by the 4th grade.
• But intensively you need to start writing in the 1st grade. So, how to teach the grammar of the Russian language to a first grader?

Secret number 1: Development of fine motor skills of hands.

• Hand and finger training- this is important in the process of learning competent and beautiful writing. This is especially true for first graders.
• Sculpting helps to develop fine motor skills of the hands.
• Benefit on learning to sculpt from plasticine or clay mass can be found in any bookstore.

The first stage, which helps to develop calligraphic handwriting, is the proper organization of the children's workplace. It is important to teach the baby to sit at the table correctly. Pay attention to the following:

• Back should be straight, with emphasis on the chair.
• Elbows should lie on the surface of the table, in particular, the elbow of the hand that is working while writing.
• Breast should be slightly moved away from the table. From the edge of the table to the chest of the baby sitting on the chair there should be a distance of one fist.
• Head should be slightly tilted.
• Legs you need to put on the floor, bend your knees at a right angle.
• Notebook should lie at a 45° angle between the top corner and the edge of the table. In this case, the lower corner of the notebook is directed to the center of the chest.

Be sure to prepare everything you need for training: a pen with three edges for a comfortable grip, a special copybook and a notebook in an oblique line.

How to quickly teach a child to write dictations correctly: secret number 2

To learn how to write in calligraphic handwriting without mistakes and blots, you need to make a lot of effort. Parents and the teaching staff of the school must find an approach to the child. The following secret will help teach the grammar of the Russian language to a second grader and a third grader. This method is also suitable for high school students.

Secret #2: Writing dictations regularly

• At first, this may seem like an unnecessary task, but two texts a week, written under dictation - these are excellent results in 2-3 months.
• Be sure to check for errors, and do the analysis with the child. Thanks to this, he will better remember the structure of word forms in which inaccuracies are allowed. Repeat difficult words during the dictation 2-3 times. It is even permissible to prompt if the baby finds it difficult to write this or that word.
• While parsing errors, repeat the rules that will help you remember the spelling of complex word forms. It is important to point out to the child the inaccuracies. You can invite him to write out the word with a mistake, writing it correctly, and write this word for several lines. Thanks to this technique, the baby will think about where he made a mistake and remember the spelling of this word.

Of great importance is the graphic image of words, which is remembered by a person forever. Therefore, it is important in a child to develop the ability to memorize a word and not make mistakes in it.

How to quickly teach a child to write dictations correctly: secret number 3

Everyone knows that writing and reading are closely related. If a person reads a lot, then he will write correctly. Therefore, the next secret is related specifically to reading, but some nuances should be taken into account.

Secret #3: Systematic reading aloud

• Independent reading develops memory and attention. But you need to read aloud, as young children better perceive the information that they pronounce.
• Choose books that interest your child. But remember that the correct literary language is presented only by some classic writers: Tolstoy, Chekhov, Bunin, Turgenev.
• First, let the child read as he writes- by syllables, pronouncing each letter. Then you can move on to reading as we speak.
• Role Reading- it is interesting, entertaining and will help you remember individual words better.

How to quickly teach a child to write dictations correctly: secret number 4

Small children love to play. Even big girls and boys better remember some knowledge gained in the game. Therefore, we continue to reveal the secrets of successful learning to write correctly.

Secret #4: Learning as a Game

• For kids, you can make cards with words in which the child most often makes mistakes.
• Hang them over the table or play a game, in which you first need to write a word, and then a card with it will appear. You can offer to pull out a card and explain the spelling of a word.
• It is better for older children to offer to be a teacher for a while.. Let your child imagine himself at school, but in the role of a teacher who explains to his students a new topic in spelling. The child must also conduct a dictation, and mom or dad must write it, and preferably correctly.

Thanks to this technique, the child will learn to write correctly, but this will take some time. Don't ask for everything at once. The child should not have an aversion to the learning process. It is important to instill a love for books and learning, this will only help to make the positive attitude of teachers, parents and the child himself.

How to quickly teach a child to write dictations correctly: secret number 5

The child should see the parents' interest in his good results. If the kid observes that mom and dad do not care how he studies and what he does at school, then most likely, such a child will not achieve high results. The game, which will be described below, will help teach the grammar of the Russian language to a fourth grader and a fifth grader.

Secret #5: Mutual Verification

• Sit with your child at different tables and dictate small texts to each other.
• Parents need to specifically make a few mistakes.
• Then exchange written dictations with the child and check them for errors.
• If the child himself does not see inaccuracies, then you need to tell him how many words have incorrectly written letters.

This game helps to develop memory and attention. The child will better remember the spelling of words, will correctly put commas and other punctuation marks.

How to teach a primary school child to write correctly: recommendations and advice from an experienced teacher

If you have a question about how to teach the grammar of the Russian language to an elementary school student, then the advice of experienced teachers will help you. Here are recommendations with which a child can achieve good results after 2-3 months of hard work:

Motivate your children

• Teenagers and elementary school children do not yet understand why they need to study well and write correctly.
• Parents and teachers should convey to their children that the correct spelling of the words of the Russian language is the basis of life, by which a child's growing up is judged.
• Let the kid come to your work and see how important it is to be able to write correctly in business papers, when drafting contracts and various legal papers.

If the child has dysgraphia

• See a speech pathologist. Often, parents cannot distinguish whether the child is absent-minded or has serious speech impairments on paper - dysgraphia.
• If a child swaps syllables, invents his own endings in words, does not write capital letters, goes beyond the margins, does not pay attention to the line, then you should contact a speech therapist and psychologist.
• Specialists will give recommendations and help to cope with this childhood illness.

Get a special collection of texts

• For each class there are words to be memorized.
• Ask your teacher for a list of these words and ask him to recommend a dictation book.

Dictation should not be a daily activity

• Enough 2 times a week for the first 2 months, and then 1 time in 7-10 days.
• The dictation should be a control test session, and not a child's daily torment.

Remember: Children do not learn in the same way. Someone begins to write correctly right away, while others need several months and even years to learn good literacy, and this is normal.

How to teach a middle school child to write correctly: recommendations from an experienced teacher

If the child has already graduated from elementary school, and he has a problem with literacy, then it is worth starting to study with him right now. The later you postpone additional classes, the more difficult it will be for your child to learn to write correctly. Here are some recommendations from an experienced teacher on how to teach Russian grammar to a sixth grader and a seventh grader:

• The teacher or parents must dictate texts several times in which gross errors are made. Difficult words - pay attention to them separately. If mistakes are made, then they need to be sorted out with a detailed analysis.
• At this age, children are also interested in learning in the form of a game.. For example, you can offer to make a crossword puzzle.
• Prepare for the dictation: repeat the rules, words from the dictionary, complete the tasks the same as they will be in the class.
• During the dictation, listen carefully to the teacher, and pay attention to punctuation marks. No need to peep into someone else's notebook, as you can write off other people's mistakes. Do not write ahead, even if it seems that you remember the text.
• Innate Literacy is the term we are used to. But in fact, this term refers to a good visual memory for spelling words.

Lovers of reading a lot usually have good literacy, as they see examples of the correct spelling of words. When reading, give preference to classical literature.

How to teach high school students and adults to write correctly: recommendations from an experienced teacher

High school students need to be able to write correctly, as it is important to pass exams well in order to enter a university, and the Russian language is a mandatory exam after the 9th and 11th grades. How to teach grammar of the Russian language to a ninth grader and a tenth grader? Here are some tips:

• hand memory. It has long been proven that our hands have memory, that is, we can do with our hands what the brain seems to have forgotten. Also with words, the hand will write out the word itself. But for this you need to train a lot - write, write and write again.
• Buy a spelling dictionary. If you have any doubts about the correct spelling of a word, you can always check its spelling.
• Write a dictionary of hard-to-remember words. This will help to have a notebook at hand, which you can look at at any time and see the correct spelling of a compound word.
• Exercise regularly. High school students can write dictations at least every day, unlike kids. You need to understand for yourself that literacy is not an innate trait of a person, but the result of hard training. It is important to write a lot and not lose interest in such activities, then the words will be easy to remember.

Many people believe that in the eleventh grade it is already too late to start learning literacy if it has not been mastered by that time. But experienced teachers assure that it's never too late to learn, and if you try, you can improve your literacy in one year and pass the exam well.

Now you know how to teach Russian grammar to an elementary school student, an eighth grader, or an adult. The main thing is to do it with interest, tuning in to a positive wave and an excellent final result.

Video: Dictation. How to write a dictation for 5? Why is it difficult to write dictations?

Sabitova M.K., teacher-speech therapist MBOU secondary school No. 6 of the city of Noyabrsk.

2. "How to accurately write from dictation and check."

3. "How not to make a mistake in words with a separating soft sign." (BLIZZARD CHAIRS SPARROW)

5. How to help a child identify a soft sign in a word.

6. “How to distinguish between a dividing soft sign and a soft sign denoting the softness of a consonant.”

7. “How to teach how to determine the sound-letter composition of a word.”

8. "How to avoid skipping a consonant." (THEN RT STR AUS, etc.)

9. How to prepare a child for studying the topic: “Unstressed vowels in the root”.

The child, coming to school, often already knows how to read. But he is not always properly taught to read, which leads to errors in oral and written speech and to corrective work - the child needs to be retrained! And it is always more difficult to retrain than to teach correctly. Therefore, one of the correct ways of teaching reading is learning to read syllables!

We begin to teach the child with vowels:

(these are vowels of the 1st row)

The child should see the letter (you can ask the child to draw it or show a colorfully written letter), hear the sound (we pronounce the sounds, not the names of the letters) and it would be nice to lay out the letter from grains, sticks, threads, etc.

If there are problems with the study of the letter E, you can postpone it to a later period.

Then we offer the child one consonant. For example, H: with this consonant and with passed vowels we make up syllables. We read and print them.

NA BUT WELL WE NE

Then, in the same way, we compose syllables with another consonant. For example, M:

MA MO MU WE ME etc.

We draw the child's attention to the order of the letters in the syllable. And we explain that we first pronounce the first letter, then the second. First read the syllable yourself correctly, then let the child repeat. Do not be afraid to tell your child how to pronounce correctly at the learning stage! But when the child's reading of syllables becomes automatic, then you can check the child's knowledge. Remember, teach first, ask later!

I wish you success!

3. "How not to make a mistake in words with a separating soft sign." (BLIZZARD CHAIRS SPARROW)

Often the child makes mistakes in such words as BLIND, SPARROW, CHAIRS, etc. The child can be helped!

To do this, we will do the following work. Let the child write and read the syllable. For example:

The child pronounces the sound [L] - softly, then the vowel sound [A] sounds.

We pronounce the consonant sound [L] - softly, then the short sound [Y] (not the name of the letter, but the duration of the sound) and the vowel [A].

Speak the word

Exaggerated (special emphasis in the word LYA)

and with the child we discover that when pronouncing this word, we we hear a short sound [Y].

So, there is a dividing soft sign in the word!

And when writing, you need to pay attention to this!

But if the child wrote with a mistake - CHAIR, it doesn’t matter, ask the child to read what he wrote and pay attention to the soft sound [L] in the pronunciation, then the sound [A]. The sound [Y] drops out and the word sounds wrong.

Teach your child to write syllables correctly from dictation:

compare them in sound and spelling. Then we enter the word CHAIRS in the letter.

Now we fix it, we do the same work with syllables

We pronounce, write down, pay attention to what is in the syllable

The sound [B] is soft, followed by the sound [U].

The sound [B] is pronounced softly, then a short sound [Y] and the next sound [U].

Ask the child to listen carefully and show on the letter that the short sound [Y] indicates that in this place there is a dividing soft sign.

It is not at all necessary that the child at this stage understand the term - a dividing soft sign, he can just hear it and explain that in the future the child will get acquainted with the rule. And now you can write down the word blizzard from dictation, pay attention to where the word has a short sound [Y]!

Then you can work

BEE BEE SPARROW

MYA MYA FAMILY etc.

Now our first grader will hear and correctly write down such words. Good luck!

Next time I will teach you to distinguish between a soft sign denoting the softness of a consonant and a separating soft sign.

This is necessary so that the child does not confuse the pronunciation and spelling of such words. You will see how accessible and understandable it is even for a first grader.

I am Yeo Yu and Ye.”

(with soft consonants)

A first-grader cannot immediately read syllables with soft consonants correctly. For example, the syllable MYA, but you can help a child!

Your child is already reading syllables such as

MA MO MU WE WE

Pay attention to the child that in these syllables the consonant sounds solid.

You could say that's what the big bear says.

He pronounces the syllables firmly!

Now listen to the little bear talking!

He pronounces the syllables softly! Come on buddy, compare!

Pay attention to the difference in pronunciation and spelling!

MA - says the big bear, (firmly).

MYA - says the little bear, (softly).

MO - says the big bear, (firmly).

MYO - says a small bear, (softly).

MU - says the big bear, (firmly).

MJ - says a small bear, (softly).

WE - says the big bear, (firmly).

MI - says a small bear, (softly).

ME - says the big bear, (firmly).

ME - says the little bear, (softly).

Play with your child, pronounce syllables with a solid consonant. You are a big bear and the child is small. Then switch roles. Make up words with these syllables, sentences, compose a fairy tale! Our goal is for the child to hear that there are 2 rows before vowels

consonants sound soft!

(on the letter, pay attention to the child that between the consonant and the vowel

2 rows of soft sign no)

Pay attention to how your child remembers better: visually, by ear, or through tactile sensations (touching, feeling). You can draw, sing, cut out of soft matter or hard paper. Turn on your fantasy. Good luck!

7. “How to teach how to determine the sound-letter composition of a word.”

In order for a child to write correctly, it is necessary to teach him to correctly determine the sound-letter composition of a word!

Using the pronunciation method, you need to teach the child to hear each subsequent sound in the word.

We work with monosyllabic words (with one vowel).

HOUSE MOSH BALL

For example, the word SHAR needs to be pronounced 3 times, each time consistently highlighting the sounds with your voice.

Hear the word. Name the sound I make with my voice.

Find these letters in the split alphabet and put them in front of you in order, read the word.

In the same way we work with words

BEETLE CHEESE MAC MOUTH NOSE.
Then with words consisting of 2 syllables, 3 syllables, and so on.

This work is one of the most important! Do not be lazy, and your child will be the most literate! Good luck!

8. "How to avoid skipping a consonant."

(THEN RT STR AUS, etc.)

If there are two or three consonants standing side by side in a word - this is a confluence of consonants - a dangerous place in the word! You can avoid missing a consonant if you do the following work.

For example:

KEY FLAG TABLE MOLE CAKE BUSH

The word is spoken by the adult, the child repeats. Then, we select a vowel and two consonants standing side by side. We pronounce part of the word, clearly pronouncing the consonants standing nearby, and write it down.

To Best Junior F LA With THEN To RO OR T US T

OSH KA To ry ST RA

The underlined letters are read together, forming a syllable,

not underlined, we pronounce sounds separately, in order.

We write part of the word from dictation, then the whole word.

STRAUSS

Thus, it is possible to avoid missing a consonant in a word.

Wish you luck!

9. How to prepare a child for the study of the topic:

"Unstressed vowels in the root."

In order for a child to accurately determine an unstressed vowel in a word, easily select a test word, master word-formation techniques and expand his vocabulary, it is necessary to carry out the following preparatory work.

Clap the rhythmic pattern of the word, correlate it with the word itself: clap X - loudly, x - softly.

X CHEESE (one syllable, one vowel - stressed)

X x FISH (stressed vowel in 1 syllable), etc.

X - we clap loudly, at the same time we pronounce the syllable RY, the sound Y sounds long, it is percussive.

x - we clap softly, at the same time we pronounce the syllable BA

In the same way, we slap the following words, highlighting the stressed syllable with our voice:

x X HAND (stressed vowel in the 2nd syllable)

x X LESOK (stressed vowel in 2 syllables)

x x x ROCKET (stressed vowel in 2 syllables)

x x x SNOWFLAKE (stressed vowel in the 2nd syllable)

X x x GRANDMA (stressed vowel in 1 syllable)

x x X COCK (stressed vowel in 3 syllables)

x x x x CALENDARIK (stressed vowel in 3 syllables)

Having learned to highlight the stressed syllable in a word, the child will easily find the stressed vowel. And then an unstressed vowel in the root. Pay attention to the child what exactly fundamentally.

Then it is necessary to form a number of related words with the child.

For example:

FOREST FOREST FOREST FOREST

HOUSE

TABLE TABLE WORKER DINING ROOM

GOOSE GINGER GOOSE

SNOW SNOW FLAKE SNOW SNOW SNOW

In the above way, find the stressed vowel and show unstressed vowels. Then find the one at the root. Draw your child's attention to

that an unstressed vowel in the root, we hear and write - in different ways,

that we hear and write the vowel under stress - the same way

For example:

We hear the stressed vowel sound O - we write the vowel O.

We hear the unstressed vowel sound And - we write the vowel letter E, since we checked the word FOREST, in which the vowel E is stressed.

You can take the dictionary “Single-root words” to help, there you will find many examples. Start with the simplest and explain the meaning of unfamiliar words.

Your child will enrich the vocabulary, and from a number of related words, will find a test word.

And now your child will easily cope with one of the important topics of the Russian language “Unstressed vowels at the root”. I wish you success.

10. How to prepare a child for a test.

We are happy with the success of our children! Our kids are the smartest! They have a lot of knowledge! But they must learn to use them! And then, our Love and Knowledge will help them to take their Worthy Place in Life!

Performing control work, the child must demonstrate the knowledge that he has received - in the best possible way! In the future, this is the ability to take exams both at school and at the institute, to take an exam “in life”.

The first and most important thing is to teach your child independence in learning:

a) teach - independently do homework;

c) we adults should wait patiently until the child completes the task on his own;

d) ask them to find their mistakes and correct them;

A good method of developing mindfulness is when a child checks a small text letter by letter that has errors and corrects them. First, the student learns to find other people's mistakes, and then learns to see his own. But, of course, the child must be taught to dictate words to himself - how they are written, and not how they are pronounced. In the same way, check what is written. Only in this way, teaching the process:

how to find an error; how to dictate and check,

the child learns step by step to check his work. And in conjunction with the psychological motivation of the student: to convince him that during the control work you need to be especially collected and be able to show the knowledge gained earlier - this gives a good result.

In the assignment, ask them to explain to you what needs to be done. Wait until the child understands, if he does not understand, let him read it again, etc. until he understands. You can play: you are a student and do not understand the task, and the child is a teacher and tries to explain to you. If you come across unfamiliar words, explain their meaning.

Consider temperament: choleric people can complete the task quickly, but with errors - we develop mindfulness more

(you can ask to underline all letters, for example A, on a given page, etc.)

Phlegmatic - perform slowly, but try to do everything thoroughly. It is important here to automate the work with great patience, because if you immediately demand to write faster, then the child will make mistakes. At first, you will have to wait longer, and then set the time for which the child must complete the task, gradually reducing it.

Rejoice with the child that he himself found and corrected the mistake - "learn from mistakes."

The child must have a motive for what and for what purpose he studies. Often a child tries to study well in order to please mom and dad. The love of parents for a child and a child for parents is the strongest stimulus.

If you regularly helped a first grader, then gradually teach him independence. Let's do some independent work and be sure to encourage the child even for small success.

Our children feel good professional explanation and sometimes they may not agree with your explanation, do not be upset, but ask the child to tell how they do the task at school. And let him do the same.

The most important thing is to teach the child to learn.

Performing a feasible task on his own - the child rejoices at his success and wants to complete a more difficult task, he will have excitement!

What you need to use, without missing a moment - to create a creative atmosphere of independent work!

Having learned independence in studies, your child will successfully cope with any control work!

11. How to help your child write stories.

In the future, the student will have to write essays, presentations, etc. The texts of which consist of sentences related to each other in meaning. And if we teach how to correctly construct a sentence and distribute it, then the student will cope with this task without difficulty. You can help your child with this in the following ways.

Each first grader can make a simple sentence consisting of a subject and a predicate. Most often it is a noun and a verb. For example:

GIRL DRAWING.

draws (WHO?)

GIRL DRAWING A CLOWN.

draws (WHAT?)

A GIRL DRAWS A CLOWN WITH PENCILS.

clown (WHAT?)

A GIRL DRAWS A FUNNY CLOWN WITH PENCILS.

pencils (WHAT?)

A GIRL DRAWS A FUNNY CLOWN WITH COLOR PENCILS.

We have extended the offer! Any simple sentence can be distributed in the same way. First help the child with questions, then let the child do it - on his own.

For example:

The boy is making a boat. (to whom?)

A boy makes a boat for a girl. (what?)

A boy makes a paper boat for a girl. (which?)

A boy makes a paper boat for a little girl.

The squirrel gnaws. (what?)

The squirrel gnaws nuts. (which?)

Fluffy squirrel gnaws nuts. (where?)

On a pine tree, a fluffy squirrel gnaws nuts.

Here you need to pay attention to the correct connection of words in the sentence, that is, the correct endings.

Thus, we teach the child how to construct a sentence correctly, how to ask questions, which is very important, and enrich the child's vocabulary.

The more adjectives the child uses, the brighter and more figurative his speech. You can help him using a dictionary of synonyms, etc. They develop speech well and teach the child word formation - rows of single-root words. For example:

GARDEN - GARDENER - GARDENER - SEEDLING - PLANTING

WATER - VODITSA - DIVING DIVER - WATERFALL - VODICHKA

Synonyms:

good, not bad, not bad, excellent, excellent, enviable,

first-class, standing, high-quality, cool, what you need.

Sensitive, responsive, attentive, etc.

Thus, we give the student a “tool” for expressing thoughts.

Here is such a simple work will help the child develop speech.

On September 8, all countries celebrate International Literacy Day. Unfortunately, not all children can write correctly even in high school. We have prepared some tips to help you learn literacy.

driving factor. Spelling skills are always achieved only with the help of special exercises. The child should develop rhythmic hand movements and do it regularly. With the help of frequent writing, the student not only forms a beautiful and neat handwriting, but also remembers the most difficult words. Here you don’t even need the rules of the Russian language - the student subconsciously stores all the words in his memory, and then automatically writes them down.

Pronunciation of words. Spelling pronunciation of words is also of great importance for the formation of literacy. Such techniques are often used by Russian language teachers. You need to enter this program from the beginning of the first grade, and it will give good results. When a student reads sentences, he must repeat them several times, while the words must be pronounced syllable by syllable and very clearly. Repeating the same word out loud over and over helps you remember it faster. This technique is most suitable for words with difficult spelling and pronunciation.

Commenting. This method allows not only to fix the correct spelling of words, but also to explain why this or that letter is written in the word. This is an exercise that includes explanatory reasoning during the process of writing words and sentences. Commenting will help to avoid gross spelling mistakes, teaches students to apply the rules of the Russian language when writing, and contributes to the development of literacy. In addition, commenting in elementary school students forms attention, thinking, speech and memory.

Copying text from books and textbooks with tongue between teeth. This is the simplest and at the same time unusual technique. It is suitable for children who have poor visual memory. You will be surprised, but many children, even from a textbook, cannot rewrite the text so as not to make mistakes! Such students are called auditory - they write as they hear or perceive by ear. Another type of child is kinesthetic. They write based on their conjectures and assumptions. Letters are often confused. Instead of the word "table" they write "elephant". This is because when pronouncing similar words, the tongue rests on the same place, and children begin to get confused. When the tongue is clamped between the teeth, a person cannot pronounce words, therefore, he automatically switches to visual perception. True, this technique requires perseverance and long practice.

Reading literature. Oddly enough, this method may be the most effective. With regular reading, the child develops a clear idea of ​​what he has read, or rather, about the words he has read. Many elementary school teachers specifically ask a lot of literature not only during the holidays, but also in the middle of the school year. Additional reading will open the child new phrases and words, enrich his vocabulary. You need to start small - with books for preschoolers, so that the student can remember how to write the simplest words. Over time, you need to complicate the task and give the child books for an older age.