The bas-relief on the wall is a stylish interior decoration. Realization of fantasy on the walls inside the apartment or the perfect combination of style and practicality - do-it-yourself bas-relief Making bas-reliefs from which to make a shape

When designing the interior, the emphasis is increasingly placed on the originality and uniqueness of the design style. In this case, preference is given to the bas-relief. This technique of creating three-dimensional images is quite painstaking and time-consuming. However, once you have mastered the technology of how to make a bas-relief on the wall with your own hands, you can bring any design solutions to life.

Types of bas-reliefs

This style of interior design is performed using various techniques:

Low relief bas-relief. The image protrudes slightly above the plane of the wall, has an attractive appearance in all types of lighting, except for very dim.
High relief bas-relief (high relief). The figures protrude above the surface, but at the same time no more than half of their real volume. Looks good in diffused lighting.
Bas-relief made with mixed media. It is a medium option between low and high relief. The image has a moderate degree of three-dimensional figures. Looks advantageous in normal home lighting (uniform and fairly bright).
Reverse bas-relief (counter-relief). Created by cutting contours inwards. It is a carving on a stone surface, not stucco. The counter-relief needs sharp oblique and bright lighting, since the pattern creates a shadow.
shadow bas-relief. The image is formed by shadows from small depressions, slots, protrusions of various shapes. An extremely complex type of bas-relief, capable of changing during the day when changing the direction and angle of illumination. Over time, depressions, slots, protrusions change shape (for example, after cleaning from dust), and the image loses its original image.

The types of bas-reliefs for interior design are varied. Based on the created image, they are:

ornamental, on which there are patterns;
plot-pictorial, represented by the picture.

A self-created bas-relief is always unique and inimitable.

Creation Techniques

Free plastering of individual (not fixed on the wall surface) non-removable models. This method is great for beginners as it is the simplest technique that allows you to edit an image multiple times without having to redo all the work. Using this method, you can create different types of bas-reliefs.
Plastering directly on the wall of non-removable models. Suitable for beginners, it differs from the previous method in that the work takes place immediately on the reference plane.
Reverse casting from plaster according to the model. The model is created using the formed mold. This is a more complicated method, however, it allows you to work with the model for a long time, bringing it to perfection. Using this technique, it is possible to create a sufficiently large number of identical products.
Plaster molding directly on the wall. This artistic method is for experienced craftsmen, as it requires certain skills. It allows you to create paintings, full-wall panels, complex patterns that go up to the ceiling and bend around corners.

When making a whole or prefabricated bas-relief, a drawing or its individual fragments can be created on a sheet of drywall.

Drywall is attached to a leveled wall. Work with it can be carried out both directly on the supporting surface, and separately from it. The joints of the parts are putty with the base composition.

It is impossible to fix drywall with a bas-relief on weak walls, the supporting base must be strong.

materials

To independently create a bas-relief, you can use gypsum, gypsum plaster, papier-mâché, alabaster, clay, and more. For beginners, it is preferable to choose materials, focusing also on the application technique.

Gypsum

The main material in the creation of stucco. It lends itself well to processing, while being durable and light, so it is suitable even for beginners. Gypsum has a noble pure white color, paints and varnishes fit well on it.

Plaster

It is recommended for creating thick layers, and it is necessary to wait for each of them to dry before applying the next. When wet, the plaster is malleable, well adjusted, if necessary, it can be sanded. Material should be purchased, designed for a layer of 5 or more centimeters.

Mixture

This is a composition of architectural gypsum, plaster and PVA glue in a ratio of 1: 1: 0.5. Dry gypsum and plaster are poured with water, based on the required density, and PVA is added.

Putty

For beginners, it is recommended to create a bas-relief from putty, since you can do all the work only with this material. It can also be used for thin layers. In this case, finishing putty or ready-made in buckets is used.

Papier mache

The papier-mâché bas-relief has a greater strength than that of plaster. At the same time, the material perfectly forms the volume, supple, dries quickly.

Styrofoam

Complex figures for bas-relief can be cut out of foam. This material can become the basis of the product due to its low weight, especially in comparison with gypsum.

Instruments

To create a bas-relief, you will need an extensive list of fixtures and tools:

It is important to properly care for the devices for creating a bas-relief. Tools should be kept in a clean state, there should be no residues of the composition on them. After work, the palette knife, brushes and disassembled syringe are placed in water. After soaking, the instruments are thoroughly washed. In the process of work, palette knives and brushes must be dipped in water each time before the next set of composition.

Stages

First of all, when creating a bas-relief, you need to decide on the wall on which the three-dimensional image will be located. You need to choose a reliable supporting surface. It is equally important to evaluate the lighting of this area. The drawing and the order of its creation also need to be thought out in advance.

It is better for beginners to refuse to perform complex figures and picturesque paintings, it is recommended to start with the image of berries, fruits, leaves. The creation of a bas-relief occurs gradually in the following stages.

Preparation

The selected wall must be prepared by cleaning it of old coatings. The surface needs to be leveled (no worse than 2 millimeters per meter), primed. In this case, it is preferable to use a deep penetration primer. After drying, the choice of material is applied: base mixture, decorative plaster, etc.

In the case of a prefabricated bas-relief, drywall does not require alignment. Next, a background texture is applied over the base coat with a roller and the base is tinted. For decorative plaster, these steps are not performed.

Sculpting and installing relief

This stage is the most time-consuming and, based on the skills of the master and the selected image, can be performed in various ways.

Plastering individual models

Consider this method using the example of plastering artificial flowers.

For this, a liquid solution of architectural gypsum is being prepared. Each model flower is dipped in the mixture and laid out on a surface covered with plastic wrap. It is important that their position is the same as it will be directly on the wall.

When the composition sets, the model is dipped into the solution again and so on until the layer of gypsum on it is 1-1.5 millimeters. Install such a bas-relief by gluing to the wall with acrylic glue or PVA.

Plastering individual models on the wall

This method differs from the previous one in that the models are formed on the wall or glued to it, and only then processed with plaster. The solution in this case has the consistency of sour cream.

When working, it is important to pay attention to the material of the model. Soft plastic over time (after 3-7 years) decomposes, which is manifested by the appearance of spots on the bas-relief. It is recommended to use salted dough.

The recipe for making it is simple: mix a glass of flour and salt with half a glass of water. Such models are able to maintain their original appearance for up to half a century. Their installation on the wall is carried out using mounting or acrylic adhesive. The gypsum mixture is applied gradually in thin layers up to 15 times.

Reverse casting from plaster

This method involves the manufacture of a mold with which a model is formed. This method is suitable for depicting a bunch of grapes with identical berries.

To create a silicone mold, a grape and a small container are made from plasticine, where silicone sealant is poured, and a berry is immediately inserted halfway.

After drying, the silicone mold is ready. A gypsum solution is poured into it (sour cream consistency) and after setting, a finished model of grapes is obtained.

This form can be used multiple times. You can install the model on the wall using glue (acrylic or mounting).

flat modeling

This is a painstaking and laborious method. First of all, it requires drawing the contour of the image on the main surface. If the work takes place on a separate material, and then attached to the wall, they make a slab for relief.

To do this, a box with low sides is knocked down from 4 rails and plywood, sometimes you can even get by with a candy box. The form is covered with a film and, having straightened the folds, the solution prepared according to the manufacturer's instructions is poured. After drying, the contour of the desired pattern will be transferred.

To do this, the image is covered with a transparent film and circled with a pen or marker. Then the film is applied to the plate or directly to the wall and a contour is drawn with a pencil, its trace remains on the base surface.

For the same purpose, bas-relief stencils are used, which can be purchased at a hardware store or made independently. Stencils are transparent plastic templates with holes in the shape of various shapes.

After applying the contours of the image, a gradual increase in volume is performed. The mixture in this case has the consistency of dough and is applied in layers. Each next layer is applied to the set, but still wet, previous one. Work begins with the smallest details and gradually moves to the big ones. You can deepen the drawing using a chisel.

When installing a bas-relief, which is made on a separate plate, tile glue is used. With a large weight (more than 2 kilograms of the product per 1 square decimeter of the wall), self-tapping screws or corrugated nails are used. After the seams between the plates and the fastenings, they are covered with grout (putty or alabaster).

The method of deepening into the wall is also used, in which a niche for the bas-relief is previously created in it. When creating an image immediately on the wall, the relief is sanded, dust is removed and covered with a primer.

Modeling in place

This method requires artistic skills. It is used to create vines on the wall. To do this, an image is drawn on the supporting surface with a pencil. In this case, the center of the composition should be more convex, gradually decreasing towards the edges.

A bas-relief depicting branches or vines can be made from ropes or pieces of cloth. To do this, tear the fabric into strips of 4 centimeters. For the most convex part of the image, use the wire, wrapping it with a rope or rags soaked in a plaster solution.

The wire frame makes up the "skeleton" of the protruding figures, ensuring their strength. With a smaller convexity of the branches, the fabric is folded in the form of ropes and, after wetting with a plaster composition, is placed along the contour of the pattern.

Further, with the help of a spatula and gypsum, the irregularities of the pattern are smoothed out on the surface of the wall. Small branches are formed using confectionery and medical syringes. The finished bas-relief must be carefully polished, if necessary, correcting the image. Next, the surface must be primed and painted to give a decorative and water-repellent effect.

toning

It can be carried out even at the stage of forming the basis for the bas-relief or when creating its individual details. In this case, thin layers are superimposed, each of which is tinted with a color for gypsum: the deeper, the darker the shade.

After creating a bas-relief and completely drying, you can paint it on top using acrylic paints or special ones for gypsum stucco. At the same time, the former are more saturated, while the latter can be shaded into halftones with a damp sponge. It is not recommended to use brushes when painting a bas-relief in order to avoid the appearance of stripes.

Final processing

To preserve the original appearance, the dried bas-relief is covered with styrene-butadiene latex. This ensures color saturation, because without such processing, the paint fades and fades.

1-2 weeks after applying the latex, it is recommended to varnish the bas-relief with acrylic varnish.

Gypsum panels - a simple and original way to decorate the interior of a living spaceGypsum panels are often used to decorate interiors in a modern style. From such natural material, you can create various 3D elements, relief drawings, "live" figures of various shapes and sizes. Gypsum panels often decorate apartments and houses, as well as the walls of exhibition halls, halls, restaurants and other premises of a large crowd of people. Often such compositions adorn the walls of mansions. Panels perform an aesthetic function and reflect the financial well-being of wealthy owners.

Gypsum panel: material advantages

It is much more difficult to make a composition from gypsum with your own hands than from other materials. But it is from gypsum that you can make a three-dimensional panel with your own hands. Gypsum is a fairly practical and self-sufficient material. It does not need to be mixed with other impurities and chemical additives, so it is hypoallergenic. A gypsum panel will be an excellent practical decor for any room.

Advantages of gypsum as a material for panels:

The material is refractory;
Serves as an excellent conductor of heat;
Retains its structure for a very long time;
Does a good job of soundproofing.

Gypsum is a durable, natural and environmentally friendly material that is often used to make various souvenirs and decor items.

The end result of a gypsum wall composition is a matter of individual presentation of style and beauty beyond the accepted standards. A luxurious panel can completely change the design of a room.

To highlight the panel against the general background, placing the right accents, you can use some useful tips:

It is better to highlight any composition with a frame or a baguette of an expressive color;
The theme of the panel should harmoniously emphasize the overall interior of the room and directly correspond to a particular room;
You can make it more expressive and lively with the help of lighting;
With the help of a gypsum composition, small wall defects can be hidden;
Gypsum is easy to restore.

It is quite easy to make a small panel at home by purchasing plaster and a mold in advance. All you need to do is dilute the gypsum to the density of liquid sour cream, pour it into the finished form, wait until the solution hardens and take out the product, prime it and, if necessary, apply paint, and fix it with PVA glue on top. That's all, the plaster panel is ready.

The choice of plot for a plaster panel can be very diverse: from abstraction to a specific drawing.

If the gypsum is over during the work, then the elements of the panel can be made of decorative plaster.

Do-it-yourself gypsum panel: master class

Gypsum panel looks great in any part of the house or apartment. Volumetric panels in the size of the entire wall look especially impressive and stylish. Consider an example of creating a plaster flower.

Master class on making a flower from gypsum:

The surface of the wall must be made perfectly flat and then puttied;
Without pressing, apply the future drawing to the wall with a pencil;
Apply the gypsum mixture with a palette knife, accurately highlighting the relief of the flower;
After drying, sand all the irregularities with coarse sandpaper;
Apply a thin layer of finishing putty around the entire perimeter of the flower;
After drying, sand the flower with fine sandpaper;
Cover the flower with snow-white acrylic paint in two layers;
Highlight convex sharp edges with gold paint using a thin brush.

After the panel has completely dried, it can be fixed with a glossy varnish on the stone. Thanks to this finishing touch, the flower will become like porcelain and will have golden tints along the borders.

A decorative panel with three-dimensional gypsum flowers will decorate the bedroom, create a spiritual atmosphere in the place of rest

We make a decorative panel of gypsum on the wall

You can perfectly complement the design of your home thanks to such an amazing and wonderful thing as a decorative plaster panel on the wall. From this material, you can create three-dimensional compositions of amazing beauty.

It is quite easy to make a decorative panel with your own hands. Consider the process of making panels for the kitchen in the form of a cup.

The process should start with:

Preparation of two containers: directly the cup itself and another larger container, let it be a flower pot of a similar shape;
We cover the outside of the cup with soapy water to prevent the solution from sticking;
We immerse the cup exactly in a horizontal position in a pot and fill the free space between them with sand to half;
Pour the gypsum mortar into the original form;
When the plaster is dry, carefully remove the mold from the sand pot and remove the cup.

A beautiful and stylish gypsum panel will help revive a static kitchen interior, reflect your personality and taste.

As a result, we got a cast of half of the cup, repeating its shape. Next, you need to dry the cast well and grease completely with soapy water. After that, you need to fill it again with an even layer of gypsum.

In the process of pouring the solution, the mold should be constantly shaken a little so that all the air comes out and eventually does not remain on the product.

You can make this kind of mold in any quantity. You can paint them with multi-colored paints or cover all the elements with white. You can fix the composition with a frame made of baguettes or other home-made materials. The bas-relief is fixed on the wall with liquid nails. Such products decorate the wall and add zest, make it more voluminous and interesting.

How to make vintage gypsum wall panels

Making a panel of gypsum with your own hands, as we have seen, is not difficult. But not everyone dares to make it unusual and give it an old fashioned look. The main thing is to choose the right material and get a little familiar with the technique of applying special paints of the desired shades. Such vintage panels will have an elegant and special sophisticated look.

With the help of paint and bituminous wax, you can give the panel a certain charm and spirit of antiquity.

Vintage panels are made as follows:

We take bituminous wax and carefully apply it to the surface of the panel with a brush. Thus, an illusion similar to a stone is created.
After application, remove the resulting film with a napkin or paper towel.
Next, sprinkle the surface of the panel with talcum powder, and fill the recesses with wax. Embossed recesses are tinted with dark paint.

You can achieve the effect of "marbled" using paint and a regular sponge. You can add antiquity to the panel with special gold foil or color.

A win-win option to make the panel vintage is to paint the recesses with silver paint.

Decorative plaster panel (video)

Bas-relief is a type of decoration in architecture. Means "low relief" in French. The convex image stands out above the wall by half its volume. Buildings have been decorated with relief decoration since the Paleolithic. Then they were rock carvings. Then the art spread to the Ancient East. Only aristocrats could afford such refinement. Ancient Egypt is considered the founder of the use of bas-relief in decoration. It was used for painting the tombs of the pharaohs. In ancient Greece and Rome, the bas-relief adorned the temples. In Soviet times, it was used in the decoration of buildings, structures, theaters, metro stations, monuments, etc.

Beautiful bas-relief in the interior

Bas-relief on the wall

Bas-relief with a tree in the interior

The bas-relief in the interior looks very elegant and original. The room creates a special charm. This is a great option for decorating an empty wall, or masking its uneven surface. In addition, the composition can be chosen according to your individual taste. And recreate it, right on the wall, with your own hands.

Bas-relief room design

Bas-relief in the interior of the bedroom

What is needed for work

Basically, the material is gypsum, plaster, clay, papier-mâché, polystyrene. They also use a metal or wooden base, which is poured or processed as intended by the composition, and then mounted in the right place on the wall.

Each bas-relief created by hand by the author is exclusive. Even the same pattern in different rooms will look different. The bas-relief is specially created for a specific interior, so you still won’t be able to repeat the masterpiece twice. Such high uniqueness makes each decor unique and unrepeatable.

Beautiful bas-relief with nature in the interior

Bas-relief with dandelions in the interior

Bas-relief in the interior

Bas-relief images are used in many architectural styles, from Gothic to Art Nouveau. However, for Gothic - it is an integral element. On the temples, the images carried not only a decorative function, but also showed biblical stories so that illiterate, ordinary people could see important events from the holy scripture. One has only to look at the main doors of the Milan Cathedral.

In the Baroque, bas-relief images served as an accent to the luxury of the interior. Basically, stories from myths were recreated there. An example of Petrovsky Baroque is the Summer Palace in St. Petersburg.

The Art Nouveau bas-relief can be seen at the Metropol in Moscow. Today, this decor decorates apartments, offices, cafes, country houses, etc. The bas-reliefs in the interior of the apartment in niches decorated with backlight look especially unique. Thus decorate hallways, stairwells, bedrooms. Various lighting options, with spotlights or hidden lights, accentuate the interior.

Bas-relief finishing in combination with wood, metal forging, glass, stone, leather, marble, etc., looks expensive and truly exclusive. Moreover, you can make a bas-relief with your own hands.

Bas-relief with nature in design

Beautiful bas-relief in design

Creating a bas-relief with your own hands

Work begins with the preparation of the wall. It is cleaned, primed and dried. Then the selected image is drawn. The easiest way to make a bas-relief on the wall with your own hands is vegetable prints. Today they are used quite often and are easier to make.

Necessary materials:

a solution of gypsum, alabaster or other material, to choose from;
wood cutters;
stencil or film;
paint, varnish for impregnation;
tile adhesive, self-tapping screws, nails, etc.

First you need to draw a theme. Moreover, the application of the image also depends on the method of work. If this is a finished painting, which is then attached to the wall, then there are some rules.

Bedroom interior with bas-relief

Interior with bas-relief

Beautiful bas-relief in the interior

Assemble the frame with the sides under the picture. For him improvised materials are suitable.
Cover the resulting form with a film. The main thing is that there are no wrinkles.
Pour the prepared mixture into the mold.
After the form dries, mark the outline with cutters. This is where a ready-made stencil comes in handy.

If it is decided to make the bas-relief initially on the wall, then it is cleaned and primed. On the dried wall draw the outline of the picture. You can pre-make a stencil.

Next comes the creation of the relief. If the picture is made separately, then after the form has dried and the outline is marked, a new solution is prepared, which creates the volume of the picture. The work is done in layers in order to notice and remove flaws in time. If the bas-relief is created immediately on the wall, then first a draft layer is made, the necessary zones are filled with mortar, and excess fragments are removed. Then everything should dry up. And only then they complete the decoration, bringing it to an aesthetic appearance.

There is a very easy method of embossing, suitable for both types of work. Based on the drawing, forms are made for its relief areas. These forms are filled with a mixture, and then the finished pieces of the pattern are attached to the wall or picture, the seams are covered with plaster and cleaned with sandpaper.

Bas-relief with a flower in the interior

Bas-relief in the interior

How to attach a custom made painting

To do this, use tile adhesive. A large painting can be attached using nails, self-tapping screws, or deepening it into the wall. For this, a niche is prepared, and an image is inserted into it. All seams are calmly smeared with mortar and rubbed with emery.

The finished wall bas-relief is carefully sanded with sandpaper, all cavities and seams are cleaned of dust, primed with a special brush and painted. Water-based paint is well suited, which covers all protruding parts. Here it is better to use a regular sponge.

Bas-relief with a girl on the wall

Bas-relief in the interior

Beautiful bas-relief in the room

Do-it-yourself plaster mold

Not all forms can be bought in the store. However, if the desired form is not found, you can make it yourself. For example, in the picture there is a bird or some kind of animal. You can buy the desired figurine or toy, and place it in a plywood box. Fill its contents with liquid silicone, which is sold in all hardware stores. A day later, after the silicone has dried, the box is disassembled, the figurine is removed and that's it. The required form is ready. The alabaster mixture is well poured into it. Moreover, silicone molds do not need to be lubricated, unlike children's apiaries made of plastic material. The latter must be lubricated with vegetable oil.

To prepare a mixture of alabaster, it is taken: gypsum - 2 parts, water - 1 part. The prepared mixture is poured into molds and waits for complete drying for about a day.

Bas-relief with a butterfly in the bedroom

Bas-relief with a landscape

Bas-relief with lilies

Image creation takes place in several stages.

Plaster and primer are applied to the prepared surface. Primer paint is great, as it roughens up as it dries, which helps hold the next coat.
One layer of wax is applied.
A transparent polyethylene film is fixed on the entire surface of the picture.
A sketch of flowers is applied to the film.
Under the film, in accordance with the sketch, a second layer of wax is applied.
A bas-relief is created
The surface is painted over and honed.

Bas-relief with flowers in the bedroom

Bas-relief with a waterfall

Beautiful bas-relief on the wall

Before gluing the elements to the wall, it is better to lay them out on the floor and see what happens. So you don’t have to remove and glue fragments several times, and the wall will not be stained with an extra layer of glue.

Antique figures in the image look only in the frame. To do this, the picture frame is fixed on the wall, and its interior space is leveled with putty. Then a pedestal is attached, a figurine is glued to it, all corners and cracks are puttied. The remaining decorative elements are added, and the entire picture is completely covered with paint in several layers.

The bas-relief of putty is very simple. The images on the wall are built up gradually, in layers. And so that there are no cracks in the drawing, you need to add PVA glue to the putty. For 0.5 kg of putty - 1 tbsp. l. glue and 100 gr. water.

Trees in bas-relief

Bas-relief with a landscape

This decor is sensitive to moisture, dust and tobacco smoke. A fresh bas-relief must be carefully protected from this. The varnish layer is updated depending on the amount of dust and light that hits the image. Wipe the bas-relief with a dry or slightly damp cloth. Soft panicles work well. Over time, gaps and cracks still become visible. It is enough to periodically cover up and tint the detected defects.

Video: Bas-relief in the interior

50 photos of bas-relief ideas in the interior of the apartment:

A bas-relief is a conditionally three-dimensional drawing that adorns the internal and sometimes external walls of a house or apartment. Unlike frescoes and sculptures, the bas-relief is made directly on the wall, thanks to which it fits into the interior or exterior of the house much more organically. In this article, we will tell you what tools, knowledge and skills are needed to create a bas-relief, and we will also give detailed instructions for creating such a decoration, which will allow you to decorate your home with various paintings on your own.

What skills are needed to create a bas-relief

To create a bas-relief, you will need the following skills:

draw;
create three-dimensional images;
work with alabaster and gypsum mortars;
create stencils and work with them;
work with wire and create structures from it.

Any bas-relief is a partially three-dimensional picture, which should create a sense of three-dimensional drawing. If these are leaves and flowers, then they should not be two-dimensional, but create the illusion of volume. If this is a more complex image, then it should also create the illusion of full volume. Therefore, without the ability to create three-dimensional images and draw beautifully, it is better not to even try to make bas-reliefs, because later you will have to eliminate the consequences of your creativity. No less important is the ability to work with gypsum and alabaster mortars, because it is necessary to clearly know the life time of the mortar, the optimal density parameters for various jobs, and the possibility of mixing with dyes.

Indeed, to create a bas-relief, solutions are needed, which, although slightly, differ in density. The ability to create stencils is very important, because without them it is very difficult to outline the contours of a future picture, especially if you do not have great artistic talents and a highly qualified plasterer-painter. To create three-dimensional images with a thickness of more than 10 mm, and if the thickness and viscosity of the solution is 5 mm incorrectly selected, it is necessary to create a frame that will prevent cracking of gypsum or alabaster.

Instruments

For work you will need:

paint brushes of various shapes and sizes, including a brush;
palette knives; sculptural stacks of various sizes;
trowel;
measuring spoons;
container for mixing putty;
perforator drill with a set of drills for wood and concrete;
screwdrivers flat and Phillips;
pliers;
clean rags;
powerful light source;
strong goats or forests;
overalls, respirator and goggles.

Wall preparation

Wall preparation includes two stages:

alignment;
Primer.

During leveling, you plaster the wall with a sand-cement mortar, then level with gypsum or alabaster putties to give it the necessary evenness. If you want to make a bas-relief on a wooden wall, you will first have to fix the reinforcing mesh, then plaster it. Be sure to use beacons (guides to help make the surface even). For a primer, use acrylic, alabaster or gypsum compositions with a high content of sand - this will create the necessary surface roughness and improve the adhesion of solutions to create a bas-relief. Use only those primers that say they are suitable for alabaster and clay compositions. It is very convenient to apply the primer with a brush-brush due to the large width. When priming the surface of the wall, do not leave streaks, because after drying they will be difficult to clean, and the left streaks will negatively affect the appearance of the bas-relief.

There are no clear recommendations for creating bas-reliefs, because each master uses the combination of actions that is most convenient for him. Some create a bas-relief directly on the wall, others first cast its elements from plaster or alabaster, then fit them into the overall design of the picture. Some make a pseudo-volumetric image with a thin layer of solution, others create completely three-dimensional paintings with a thickness of 30 centimeters or more. It all depends on the qualifications, artistic taste and talent of the master. Nevertheless, we will give one recommendation - in order to fill your hand and not spoil the wall, create a bas-relief on a piece of plywood, chipboard or OSB, which, after completion of work, can be hung on the wall. If something goes wrong and you ruin the bas-relief, then take a new piece of plywood and train on it.

Below we describe several techniques that will help you create beautiful bas-reliefs:

work with stencils;
use of sculpted stacks, cutters and loops;
mold casting;
fastening the wire frame to the wall;
film work.

Working with stencils

For a stencil, you can either draw it yourself or download it from the Internet by printing it on paper. After that, you need to decide on the stencil material and its thickness, as well as the manufacturing method, so we recommend using ready-made stencils that can be purchased at stores selling decor goods. The stencil is needed to create the contours of the future picture, after which you can use the stacks to give these contours the desired volume. Working with a stencil is not difficult - place it on the wall and fix it in any way, then fill it with thick plaster or alabaster mortar. Remember, the thicker the stencil, the thicker the solution should be. If you use a solution that is too thin, then after removing the stencil, the contours of the bas-relief will be smeared, so it is advisable to practice on the board first so that you do not have to re-prepare the wall.

Using Sculpting Stacks, Cutters, and Loops

These tools can be purchased from the respective stores. If you have well-developed spatial imagination and artistic skills, then you can effectively use these tools without even being a professional sculptor. Indeed, with their help, excess solution is removed, giving a certain area of \u200b\u200bthe bas-relief the desired shape. Using these tools, you can create any volumetric images, it all depends on your imagination, artistic taste and spatial imagination. These tools will not be superfluous when creating three-dimensional bas-reliefs, because with their help you can trim the edges, giving each layer of the mortar the necessary shape.

mold casting

The use of pre-cast molds greatly simplifies the creation of three-dimensional compositions. For example, leaves are cast in molds, which are then attached to the wall and create the trunk and branches of a tree. The result is that the trunk and branches are part of the wall, while the leaves are separate, which improves the visual perception of the bas-relief and the effect it produces. Shops sell silicone and polyurethane molds of any size and pattern. To create a bas-relief, it is necessary not only to cast molds from gypsum or alabaster, but also to make a reinforcing frame inside them - this will prevent cracking of the resulting part and facilitate fastening to the wall, because not only glue or putty will hold the part, but also wire.

Some forms need to be lubricated with castor oil (this should be written in the instructions for the form), other forms do not need such an operation. For pouring into molds, it is necessary to use a much thinner solution than for working directly on the wall. In most cases, the solution is made similar in density to liquid sour cream, which makes it possible to fill the mold with high quality and ensure good strength of the part. The metal frame can be inserted into the mold either before or after casting plaster or alabaster, both methods provide the same strength, so it's all down to personal preference.

Attaching the wire frame to the wall

The wire frame makes it possible not only to fasten heavy hinged decorative elements, but also to prevent cracking of gypsum and alabaster if the layer is too thick (over 7–10 mm), which makes it possible to create figures of great thickness. The thickness of the wire depends on the place of its application and purpose - for fastening external decorative elements, steel wire 2–3 mm thick is used. It has high strength and rigidity, thanks to which it effectively holds the external structure until the gypsum or alabaster coating dries. To reinforce parts of large thickness, you can use steel wire with a thickness of 0.7–2 mm, which has less rigidity and weight, so it is easier to work with. To attach the wire to the wall, it is convenient to use dowel-nails, for which a hole is drilled under the dowel with a puncher, then 1 turn of wire is wound on a plastic clip and the dowel-nail is hammered to the stop. If you attach the wire to a wooden wall, then the technology is different there - 1 turn of the wire is wound on a wood-carved screw, after which it is screwed into the wall until it stops. If necessary (if you have to use a self-tapping screw of a large length / thickness or the walls are made of solid wood), a hole is drilled in the wall with a diameter 2 times smaller than the diameter of the self-tapping screw, which makes it easier to screw it in, but does not weaken the fixation in the wall.

Film handling

The film is used to create pseudo-volumetric compositions on a layer of asbestos or alabaster plaster of small thickness. First, a drawing is applied to the film with a marker on a scale of 1: 1, then a layer of plaster 3–6 mm thick is applied to the selected section of the wall and the film is applied on top, orienting the drawing in space. After that, outline the contours of the drawing with a pen and remove the film, and the drawing remains on the plaster layer. Now you can use stacks to clean up the excess, creating the selected pattern and giving it volume.

Gypsum and alabaster, if it comes into contact with the skin, dry it too much, so it is advisable to work with rubber gloves. In addition, be sure to use safety glasses, this will protect you from getting plaster or putty in your eyes. When dosing the solution, pouring it into a mixing container and stirring, wear a respirator - it is not very convenient to work in it, but if you spill the solution or otherwise raise dust, it will protect your bronchi and lungs from damage.

To create a beautiful bas-relief, you need to properly organize the workflow. A powerful light source will help to detect the slightest flaws, so you can easily fix them before the mixture hardens.

If a defect is found after the mixture has solidified, then it will be much more difficult to eliminate it, because the frozen gypsum or alabaster will have to be processed not with stacks, loops or hooks, but with sandpaper. You must learn to "by eye" determine the amount of solution that you can process before solidification, otherwise you will constantly throw out the frozen excess. The life time of the solution depends on its composition and is indicated on the package, the optimal ratio of the dry mixture and water is also indicated there, so correctly determine the amount of solution required for a particular operation, and also adjust its density by changing the amount of water. A clear understanding of the required amount and density of the solution comes only with experience, so first practice on pieces of plywood or chipboard and don’t worry if something doesn’t work out, you will learn over time.

To create a bas-relief with your own hands, you can use a wide variety of materials: gypsum, gypsum-based plaster, alabaster, clay, etc. It is easiest for beginners to work with gypsum and plaster based on it.

Transferring the image to film

First step

Assemble a box with low walls from slats and plywood, more like a tray. In terms of its overall dimensions, the box must correspond to the dimensions of the future relief slab - this is where the bas-relief will be created.

Instead of a box, you can use other improvised means, for example, a candy box or a suitable frame glued to the glass with adhesive tape.

We make blanks

Second step

Cover the mold with polyethylene. Straighten the film so that there are no wrinkles or there are as few as possible.

Third step

Prepare the solution according to the manufacturer's instructions and pour it into the mold.

If you plan to create an ornament with a high relief, insert wire into the slab for additional reinforcement of the future composition.

Putting putty on the wall

Create a relief

Fourth step

Leave the poured mixture for the initial setting. This indicator is individual for different materials, specify in a separate order.

Laying out blanks

Fifth step

Start creating a bas-relief. First you need to apply the contour of the created decorative ornament to the plate, and then begin to increase the volume inside the decorated contour from the newly prepared mixture.

Build up volume in layers, allowing each layer to harden slightly.

We cover with a film and draw the contours

We remove the film

Working with plaster is quite convenient - while the material is wet, you can easily get rid of its excess with a knife, and adjust the ornament itself with a chisel and cutters for woodworking.

In addition, not completely dried material is simply sanded. It is much more difficult to perform the necessary processing of a hardened surface.

Layer by layer we apply material to the wall, forming a bas-relief

We lay out additional elements from plaster

Coloring

If you plan to create an in-depth image, you can solve the problem in two ways.

The background layer is built up around the image, as a result of which the elements of the ornament appear in a certain recess. Finally, the background plane is polished.
Images are deepened by sampling a certain amount of base material with the help of chisels and cutters already familiar to you.

How to fix bas-reliefs

The high relief with round figures turns out to be quite heavy. If for 1 sq. dm. its supporting area accounts for more than 1.5-2 kg, the bas-relief needs to be reinforced. Corrugated nails 80-120 mm driven into plastic dowels are best suited for this. Attachment points are marked in advance under the thickest places, distributing them as evenly as possible over the area. The nail in the dowel should sit in the wall at least to a depth of 50-60 mm. The protrusion above the wall is 1.5-2 cm, for which the nail driven into the dowel is bitten. The mass of the bas-relief above the protruding fixing pin should be at least 1-1.5 cm.

Superbas-relief

And in conclusion - how to try yourself in the elite technique of shadow bas-relief. All you need is a piece of drywall with a layer of fresh stock solution of approx. 0.5 cm and nail 100-150 mm. From the edges of the tip of the nail, you need to carefully remove the flash to get the correct 4-sided pyramid.

We prepare the sample as follows: we prick with a nail with a slight slope along the still plastic GKL coating even rows of holes in a checkerboard pattern and close to each other. The slope of the nail and the orientation of the edges of its point relative to the directions of the rows must be maintained as accurately as possible so that the holes are equally asymmetrical.

The next step is to take the sample into direct sunlight and, turning this way and that, and somehow, we observe the play of chiaroscuro. At the same time, we try to imagine how it would be necessary to prick the holes in order to get a changing pattern. And, who knows, maybe you will find the ability to this rare, but extraordinarily spectacular art - shadow bas-relief.

Completion of the processing process

When the desired image is achieved, the bas-relief is carefully cleaned of dust and treated with a primer using an appropriate brush. Then comes the coloring. If the use of several colors is not expected, then it is recommended to take a white paint of two shades on a water-based basis, and cover with a lighter paint the parts that need to be highlighted and that carry the main stylistic load. It is advisable to paint using not a brush, but an ordinary sponge, in order to avoid the formation of unsightly streaks that change the dynamics of the pattern. Thus, the decoration can be considered ready.

Posted on06.05.2015byRoman. This entry was posted in Walls and tagged decor, finishing, walls, putty, plaster. Bookmark the permalink.

Varieties of fittings for plastic windows

Execution technology

A bas-relief can be created from various materials, such as stone, clay, gypsum plaster, gypsum, etc. However, it is easier to work with plaster or gypsum at home.

The execution technology consists of the following steps:

From four plywood slats, a box is assembled, which is more like a tray. Its size and height must correspond to the slab of the future relief, since it is in it that manufacturing will be carried out.
The form is covered with plastic wrap. It must be straightened so that there are as few wrinkles as possible.
Close the composition of gypsum, plaster or cement-sand mixture in accordance with the instructions and pour into the mold. The mixture can also be poured into a cardboard box, for example, a candy box, lined with a film or into a frame, which is placed on glass and glued with adhesive tape.
If you plan to make a high relief, then you can insert wire reinforcement into the slab, which will later be inside the relief figures, firmly connecting them and the base.
Next, you should wait until the mixture initially seizes. From cement, no more than 10-12 hours are needed, otherwise the following concrete layers will not set with the base. When using alabaster, this moment occurs during hardening and heating of the hardened surface, which indicates the process of a chemical reaction inside the plate. It can be pulled out of the mold at this stage. The surface on the side of the laid film will be polished, and the opposite, on the contrary, rough.
Then they begin to create an image by modeling, drawing on the slab the outline of the planned three-dimensional image for the bas-relief. After that, they begin to increase the volume inside the circuit with a newly closed mixture. It is advisable to do this in several steps so that each subsequent layer can lightly grab and harden. Alabaster is easy to work with, as it is easy to cut off excess with a simple knife while it is wet, adjusting the material with chisels and chisels designed for woodcarving. Plus, it is easy to level with sandpaper. Once the alabaster or plaster has dried, it will be much more difficult to cut and sand the surface.
If it is necessary to perform in-depth images, there are two methods: deepen the drawing, while selecting a certain amount of material with the help of chisels and cutters, or build up the background layer around the images, after which they will be in the recess, and then sand the background to a flat surface. It is possible to moisten the plate while working. The molding method is more economical than carving.
Another way to create an image is to stick pre-cast parts on the base plate or on the wall, covering the seams between them with plaster and then cleaning them with sandpaper.

The most effective and at the same time complex method is the reverse casting method, invented by the majolica masters who sold "marine" plates in the 17th century. At the same time, they took natural decorative elements, for example, shells, starfish, crayfish shells, dried fish, covered all the cracks and cracks between the background and the decoration, smeared it all with oil, pouring alabaster on top. After the slab hardened, it was taken out of the mold, and an in-depth image (counter-relief) was imprinted on the surface of its front side, which fully reflected the features of the decor. Such a plate could later be used as a decoration or a form, casting new tiles in it. At the same time, the images of all tiles were the same and looked “like alive”.

Bas-relief on the wall with your own hands

What is a bas-relief?
Bas-relief coloring

1. Since ancient times, man has sought to decorate his home. For this, wooden or stone decorations, elegant decor elements, paintings by great masters of painting and sculpture were used.

One of the most refined techniques for decorating the interior of a home is a bas-relief.

You can transform even the simplest apartment if you make a bas-relief on the wall with your own hands What is a bas-relief?

This is a three-dimensional image made of plaster, fixed on the wall or on the ceiling. Moreover, if the image appears
more than half - this technique is called high relief, if less - bas-relief. Of course, the bas-relief is an exclusive work,
which can transform even the most ordinary apartment. This technique has been known since ancient times, however, in our time it is becoming more and more
popular.

It is believed that the application of a bas-relief is the lot of professional craftsmen and artists. However, as we will see in this article,
gods don't burn pots. Mastering the technique of applying a bas-relief is quite accessible to each of us. The main thing is that there would be a desire and knowledge of some of the nuances, which we will discuss below.

On the bas-reliefs, plants, flowers, animals or some plot pictures are most often depicted. A small bas-relief can be made on a tablet, which, in its
turn, already mounted on the wall. Larger images are made directly on the wall.

We apply a relief image master class

If you are fine with drawing and have a desire to become a novice sculptor, then it is not necessary to make molds to apply a bas-relief. Create a three-dimensional flower pattern right on the wall using this technology:

Clean and level the wall surface. Treat it with a deep penetration primer and wait 30 minutes for it to dry.
Prepare gypsum plaster and apply it in an even layer 3-4 mm thick. It is not necessary to make the surface smooth.
Using a simple tool - a plastic spoon, spatula and trowel, complete the desired pattern. The photo below shows an example - an ornament of blossoming roses.
When the plaster hardens, carefully remove the protruding edges of the resulting petals with a wide spatula. If necessary, refine the drawing with a clerical knife.
Cover the bas-relief with a primer. To avoid gaps, it is recommended to add a little dye to it.

The pattern is formed with a regular spoon

Note. Apply the drawing in full, leaving no empty space. The dimensions of the elements do not play a role and can be different, the main thing is that the whole picture looks good.

At the end, the finished bas-relief remains to be painted with a brush - maklovitsa. The ends of the petals can be tinted with a different color using a wide flat brush, as shown in the video tutorial:

Materials for creating a bas-relief

The most common question among beginners: what putty is better to take for making a bas-relief? In principle, any finishing gypsum putty is suitable. Each master has his favorite brands and compositions. Here are a few that we can recommend:

Knauf Uniflot. Very strong and plastic. It is possible to form a deep relief from it - it will not fall off even without reinforcement. Drawback: expensive.
Fugen. A little less strong, a little worse cut. Much cheaper than Knauf Uniflot (almost three times). You can also make a relief without any problems.
PUFAs. This is a gypsum putty with cellulose fiber. Processing time - about 60 minutes, applied with a layer of any thickness, well cut, easy to grind.
"Rotband" for the lower layers and "Shitrok" for the upper.
"Acryl Putz" (Poland). Finished acrylic putty. It is good because it slowly “grasps”, it takes an hour or more to work out the details (depending on the humidity in the room).

In addition, impregnation is required. They are selected based on the starting characteristics of the material. There are compounds that strengthen crumbling materials, penetrating deeply and binding the particles of materials to each other. This is necessary, since gypsum panels weigh decently and create an additional load. Without prior preparation, they can fall off from fragile foundations. You can use a moisture-protective primer concentrate from PUFAS. It is suitable for all mineral substrates, including wood and wood-based panels. Aquastop moisture barrier is suitable for loose substrates.

Impregnation for bas-relief primer

In addition, the following compositions are used:

before starting work - to improve adhesion to the wall (or base) material;
for layer-by-layer processing - when creating a deep relief, when one layer of putty is applied to an already dried one, applied earlier;
for finishing impregnation before painting - to equalize the absorbency and so that the paint lies evenly, emphasizing the relief, and not hiding it.

For layer-by-layer processing, primers are needed that create a sticky rough surface on the surface. In this case, you can put a new layer of putty even on a surface that has already dried up. Ceresit deep penetration primer and PUFAS impregnating primer are suitable for these purposes. They can also be used for finishing before painting.

Sculpting technique

It is carried out on the spot, i.e. directly on the wall. This allows you to get a high artistic effect. Before sculpting, it is recommended to practice on plasticine. It should be borne in mind that when working with gypsum, the time to correct errors and streaks is limited. Gypsum hardens quickly, so work with modeling in one area is completed before work begins on another part of the composition.

Gypsum molding is low flat, high or round. Flat sculpting is made from a thick mixture that is applied in layers. Each layer is smoothed, which allows you to form a relief and trim its contours. Layers are applied to the previous ones when they have not yet dried completely. With each layer, the master must switch to smaller tools.

wall mount

The problems of fixing the bas-relief to the base can be avoided by sculpting it directly on the wall. In other cases, the composition is planted on liquid silicone or a special adhesive. If the relief was modular, then after fixing the joints, they are carefully rubbed with putty. It is not recommended to decorate “flimsy” plasterboard walls with such decor. The base material must be reliable and strong. Also carefully mask the joints of the bas-relief and the wall.

It is important to know. By the way, the modular composition is convenient for beginners.

If unsuccessful, any of the terrain components can be replaced without harm to it.

materials

Gypsum

Plaster

Mixture

This is a composition of architectural gypsum, plaster and PVA glue in a ratio of 1: 1: 0.5. Dry gypsum and plaster are poured with water, based on the required density, and PVA is added.

Putty

Papier mache

The papier-mâché bas-relief has a greater strength than that of plaster. At the same time, the material perfectly forms the volume, supple, dries quickly.

Styrofoam

Complex figures for bas-relief can be cut out of foam. This material can become the basis of the product due to its low weight, especially in comparison with gypsum.

How to prepare a solution for soap bubbles yourself http://woman-l.ru/rastvor-dlya-mylnyx-puzyrej/

Application of stencils

When decorating from stencils, the image of the future bas-relief is transferred to penofol and cut out. A gypsum-fiber sheet of the required size is covered with a primer, on top of which a figure cut out of foam foam is applied. If the bas-relief is made on the basis of a stencil directly on the wall, then the same algorithm is used, but the stencil, that is, the foam foam figure, is glued directly to the wall, wiping unevenness and voids with putty. Smaller elements can also be molded on the stencil, for example, using salt dough, which keeps its shape perfectly and does not dry quickly, giving time to correct.

Cast molds

If molds for the composition are cast in advance, this speeds up and simplifies the work of the master. You can cast leaves, flowers, trunks and branches of trees, bushes. The use of cast forms visually improves the effect of the bas-relief. Forms of various designs and types are sold in special stores, or they are made independently. To do this, use alabaster or gypsum, reinforcing frames should be inside the mold. They are designed to maintain the integrity of the mold and cast parts for which a solution of gypsum or other material is used. The mixture must be liquid to completely fill all spaces of the mold. The metal frame is inserted before or after the mortar is poured, which ensures the strength of the resulting part.

The wire frame is made of steel wire, which has a thickness of 0.7 to 2 mm. Such a mold blank can be used not only for casting molds, but also for making composition details directly on the wall. You can attach the frame to the surface using dowel nails, under which special holes are drilled. One turn of wire is wound around the dowel, after which the nail is hammered all the way.

If the sculptor plans to create large details of the bas-relief, then for additional stability it is better to use wire. The frame will also simplify the sculpting process. From above, the bas-relief can be covered with a layer of primer or water-based paint. Such a coating will only add gloss to alabaster, but for more fragile plaster or sensitive gypsum, it will become an additional protection. While working, it is better to use a professional set of stacks that will help you create even the smallest details.

Choose a bas-relief not only for the style, but also for the character of the room. For the kitchen, a culinary theme is suitable: voluminous still lifes, flower arrangements or panoramas of ancient cities. Stylish images of natural elements will organically look in the bedroom: bouquets, trees, animals. In a children's room, with the help of a relief, you can create a real fairy tale, and the entire perimeter of the room is decorated with its scenes.

Professional decorators recommend not using false walls, arches, or furniture for zoning small studios. For these purposes, bas-reliefs are perfect, which, in combination with color differentiation, without further ado, will make it clear where the functional areas are separated.

Bas-reliefs are not so often used in design. It is much easier to paste over the wall with photo wallpaper with the desired image. Many are afraid of the complexity of the process. If you have patience, you can find hidden talents in yourself and decorate each room of the apartment with three-dimensional paintings, making its design original and unique. For inspiration, you can look at the magnificent sculptural examples that adorn the Moscow Bolshoi Theater or the numerous houses on the streets of St. Petersburg.

Bas-relief on the wall what is it

Many centuries ago, people actively decorated the walls of their houses with all kinds of decorations. It could be stone or wood carving, original plasters, etc. However, among them, the bas-relief has always been positioned as the most refined and status.

The bas-relief is a volumetric decorative element protruding above the surface of the wall. It can be figures of people or animals, plants, patterns, household items, mythical creatures and much more. Often there are family coats of arms or single paintings. Such a wide variety of options allows you to implement the most intricate stylistic ideas, decorating the room in any color scheme.

To translate such projects into reality, special template forms made of transparent polymer are used. Such stencils, after preliminary planning of the future interior, can be made by hand, ordered in a special workshop or bought ready-made matrices. The last option is the worst, because the models are not unique and the choice is limited.

The purpose of the matrix, in general terms, is to apply protruding patterns to the prepared wall surface in the form of an additional plaster layer.

Attention! When a curly element protrudes above the total surface for more than 1/2 of its volume, then this is a high relief (high relief), and if less - a bas-relief!

Modeling on the walls with a stencil

If you need to create a bas-relief with a repeating fragment (for example, a flower, a curl, a leaf), the easiest method is to work with stencils. Anyone can handle this artistic decoration of the room. Even someone who has never been able to draw will design a unique art sculpture without much effort and special skills. The pattern is printed on a conventional printer. The template is made on a suitable material by cutting out those elements that need to be applied to the wall. You can buy factory-made stencils for bas-relief on the wall. They are available in a large assortment in hardware stores.

You can apply a drawing on a stencil

The template is fixed in any convenient way (for example, masking tape). Empty spaces are filled with a thick alabaster or other mortar (the thicker the stencil, the thicker the batch is made) with a cliche-thick layer and left to dry completely. If uneven edges are obtained during separation, they are sanded with fine sandpaper. Subsequent processing is carried out in a manner common to all methods.

The template for the picture can be fixed in any way

From all of the above, we can conclude that everyone can make a beautiful, bright and eye-catching outstanding drawing on the wall with their own hands. Self-creation of a bas-relief in your own home is an incomparable pleasure in the process and a unique decorative element as a result.

It is worth setting a goal and the interior of an apartment, house or public institution (cafe, restaurant, clinic, etc.) will acquire its own unique atmosphere.

The pros and cons of the bas-relief

The bas-relief is made of wood, clay, alabaster, plaster or stone. The latter method is very time-consuming and requires a high level of skill from the sculptor, since any mistake cannot be corrected. Bas-reliefs are created from wood by carving, and clay is the most accessible material that is suitable even for beginners. Modeling was still in school years. Bas-relief products, unlike ordinary sculptures, allow you to maintain a scale of 1: 1 and at the same time save on materials. After all, clay, for example, for sculpting a person in full growth will require almost 60-70% less than for creating a similar full-fledged statue. Previously, any types of reliefs decorated walls and ceilings and at the same time remained part of them, that is, the composition was static and could not be moved. Now you can make a small bas-relief on a special canvas stand and move it around the apartment if necessary.

Volumetric compositions are invariably associated with classical styles. Indeed, such a decor would look appropriate in the design of the same name, art nouveau, modern, baroque, rococo, empire. But here we are talking about traditional sculptures, with soft lines and many small, elaborate details. In the center of the composition, as a rule, people, deities, mythical creatures or complex ornaments appear. A minimalistic bas-relief will organically merge into the modern style:

City panorama;
A piece of forest;
Volumetric "swirls" of the agitated liquid;
Imitation of the "old" layer of decoration or brick under crumbling plaster.

Volumetric images of shoals of fish, seahorses, algae, coral "fields" and fantastic panoramas of Triton's possessions suit the marine style. Of course, a beginner will not be able to make such compositions the first time without errors. It will take a long time to train and fill your hand. This, perhaps, is the main drawback of the bas-relief. It is impossible to create it beautiful without spending a lot of time on learning the skill of a sculptor. The only exception will be abstract reliefs, which are suitable for the style of the same name or minimalism. Unlike decorative painting, bas-reliefs do not need additional color highlighting. The backlight will perfectly emphasize every line. This type of decoration is popular for decorating arches, fireplaces, openings and accent walls. With it, you can competently mask surface irregularities, hide communication lines, or distort the space in an irregularly shaped room.

The bas-relief perfectly emphasizes the peculiarity of the ethnic style, regardless of which country the interior comes from.

Italian motifs are emphasized by vines and decorative columns or a three-dimensional landscape from a false window. The Japanese color will be complemented by a 3D sakura branch dotted with numerous flowers, and the Chinese - a dragon with a grinning muzzle. Thematic elephants on the walls and decorative sculptures of many-armed Hindu deities will harmoniously merge into the house with elements traditional for India.

Materials such as gypsum and alabaster are harmful to human skin. They dry it, irritate it, so the creation of gypsum or alabaster bas-reliefs requires the novice master to comply with the following rules for organizing work:

Use rubber gloves.
Protect your eyes with goggles that prevent dust and small dust particles from getting into your eyes.
Wear a respirator when working with the solution.

Such security measures perfectly protect the lungs and bronchi from dust, plaster and putty. Protective equipment must be on the person during the entire period of work. It is not recommended to remove them until the final touch on the bas-relief is completed.

It is also important to organize the workflow correctly, which is a guarantee of creating a beautiful three-dimensional image on the wall. The following recommendations will allow you to create an original bas-relief on the wall of an apartment or house with your own hands:. Install a powerful light source next to the wall to detect any imperfections and correct them before the material hardens.
Properly dose the components for the solution so that it is enough to create the entire bas-relief.
The density of the solution should be optimal

If the mixture is very thick, then add a little water.
Before working with a wall, a novice master should practice a little with applying the mixture to a wooden surface.
It is worth preparing all the tools and containers in advance so as not to look for them when mixing the mixture or preparing bas-relief parts.

Install a powerful light source next to the wall to detect any imperfections and correct them before the material hardens.
Properly dose the components for the solution so that it is enough to create the entire bas-relief.
The density of the solution should be optimal. If the mixture is very thick, then add a little water.
Before working with a wall, a novice master should practice a little with applying the mixture to a wooden surface.
It is worth preparing all the tools and containers in advance so as not to look for them when mixing the mixture or preparing bas-relief parts.

Types of bas-reliefs

The bas-relief should protrude above the surface no more than half the volume. This type of panel is called a low bas-relief. If the figures protrude by more than half, then it will already be a high relief or a high bas-relief. You can make a three-dimensional image on the wall through the ebb of an integral form, assembling a composition from individual elements. Other types of bas-relief include:

Narrative-pictorial - in the center of the composition is a picture.
Ornamental - patterns and ornaments are depicted.
Flattened - a minimum distance is observed between the volumetric parts and the plane.
Picturesque - flat figures are created with barely noticeable elements of nature.
Multifaceted - various components are used, contrasts are created between them, the effect of shadows is applied, including falling ones.
Facing - used during the work of a facing nature. Usually such images are created as ornamental.

Bas-reliefs are divided into other types and according to the technique of execution:

Simple, which are made in the form of baguettes for paintings.
Baguette or edging. They look luxurious on the wall, but not defiantly. Great for decorating plain walls on which photos or paintings are already hanging.
Wall panels with floral ornaments or paintings with a floral plot. Such a bas-relief should be accompanied by lighting to enhance the individual elements of the composition.
Bas-reliefs that contain images of mountains, lakes, trees, nature, trees.
Story - occupy the entire wall or only a small part of it.

When choosing the type of bas-relief on the wall, which you can do with your own hands, you should take into account the features of the room where the composition will be placed. The following types of volumetric images are great for the kitchen:

Still lifes.
Paintings with pets.
Drawings with kitchen utensils.
Compositions with fruits and vegetables.

In the nursery, bright and light panels will look great, on which it is better to depict magical or fantastic animals, castles, butterflies, cartoon characters. In the living room, bas-reliefs will look great in combination with stone and wrought iron.

Otzhe, how to get a bas-relief on the wall with your own hands

Necessary materials for this have not been found, so here you need primers and putties of a high quality and trellis glue. So spend the first time for all the expenses for zapobіgannya shvidkoї spend the results of the vikonan practice.

Most often, decorate the walls with vicorist, bas-relief ready-made slabs, as they are made independently, or they are made by artists. Such ready-made plates are mounted on the wall. And sometimes the bas-relief is laid out without a middle on the wall, technically using an element of decorative plaster, and more specifically, a monolithic stucco molding with it. The bas-relief on the walls, on the view of other types of decoration of the walls, for example, decorative painting, does not depend on the additional vision of the color. And without seeing the color, the voluminous little ones appear behind the ray of light of the correctly lined piece lighting. This gives Vlasnikov's booth the ability to create accents on decorating elements as needed at a particular hour, including only lighting.

Along with decorative functions, the bas-relief on the wall is also closely related to functional tasks of a different kind. For example, bas-reliefs make it possible to mask unevenness on the surface of the walls, embellish engineering communications, create a visual space for the vlasniks' bajan, and also create smooth transitions between different zones.

With a competent combination of decorative painting and volumetric relief, you can create a truly unique and original effect to the decor. Ale, Tim is not less, do not marvel at the numerical advance, the bas-relief cannot be finished in the popular way of decorating the walls. This is due to the high quality of such a large decoration.

Often, third-party people are sympathetic, respecting that the bas-relief on the wall with their own hands is the chosen design, it is based on plaster, but in the reality of Denmark, the type of decoration is hand-painted, that wine is original and exclusive. In this rank, the shaping of beautiful bas-relief images will require the report of chimalih zusil. So chi іnakshe, yakshcho є bazhannya, then all the robots on the bas-relief can be vporatisya yourself.

Required materials and tools.

Approximate translation of the necessary tools and materials for the creation of general images of offensives:

putty;
putty knife;
glue;
acrylic farbi;
olive; brushes of various rosemaries;
rіzak;
slats;
acrylic contour for stained-glass windows and others.

Do-it-yourself bas-relief on the wall, preparation for the victorious

Before that, how to proceed to the independent creation of a bas-relief on the wall, it is necessary for us to choose the right hand for this wall, as it is necessary to prepare.

The wall, designated for drawing a bas-relief, must be thoroughly cleaned of old coatings, primed and dried.

After that, the wall will be stripped and cleaned, and the surface will be covered with putty, as it has already dried up, images are painted on it, planned vikonati in bas-relief technique.

The image is selected in front, as if it is planned to be placed on the wall. On the wall with an olive scribbled inscription. Do not wart to pick up the folds of the little ones from the first time. It is better to use the navychki, the roblox of the image of the splendor, the stylized birds and other not more foldable figures. Even though there are no feats to the artistic image, then you can put the well-known technique of applying the image for help. At the same time, the child on the wall and the little ones are crossed into squares, in the yak it is transferred along the lines of all the little ones on the sketches. Changing the details, it is necessary to remember about the scale of the image.

It is not obov'azkovo to paint the whole picture in detail, but to do it less to apply the contours and outline the objects and features depicted on the wall.

Brief information about the creative process

It would seem that it is difficult to play voluminous putty paintings on the wall, because no one can control whether the result corresponds to the planned model - it is difficult to manage creativity. But decorating requires extreme concentration, a careful approach and concentration. Nevertheless, an exclusive putty bas-relief is worth the physical and time costs. All paintings from finishing putty cannot be done with a single set of tools - each case requires a special approach. The method of performing work and the tools are determined based on the type of drawing, its volumetric level and the material used.

It makes no sense for a beginner to start with a complex pattern. It is more logical to practice on a simplified drawing, the elements of which are performed both with a spatula and with your hands. This method of finishing will facilitate adaptation to the technique - it is easiest to work out the details by hand. In addition to your own hands, you will need to use:

putty composition;
all kinds of spatulas;
priming;
brushes;
simple pencil.

Often, the master wields two spatulas: one applying the composition to the surface, the second laying the solution on the first spatula and thereby eliminating excess material.

It is better to give preference to a slowly drying solution, which will make it possible to correct deviations from the plan in a timely manner. There is no huge difference whether to buy a ready-made composition or knead it yourself from a dry powder. Although it is preferable for an amateur to opt for a dry composition: if work has to be suspended, then the powder will not lose its physical and chemical properties during the downtime period. When a creative impulse arises, you can knead a small volume of the solution for quick use.

For rooms with high humidity, you should buy primer and putty material that prevents the formation of mold and fungus.

Creation of a bas-relief

1. Preparation

Orientation markings are drawn on the wall, necessary for the symmetrical and even application of decorative details.

It is advisable to make markings according to existing landmarks (corners, joints, edges of openings, etc.), since they are very often not perfectly even. If you place the bas-reliefs on the marks made using the mounting level, they will ideally “lie” on the walls perfectly, and this will visually show the “curvature” of the walls, openings or corners of the room.

2. Fixing the stencil

In order for the bas-relief to turn out to be of high quality, it is necessary to place each template evenly on the wall. There are several ways to do this:

Use adhesives, however, they often leave absorbed stains and surface irregularities, which then need to be removed additionally;

Apply double-sided tape or masking net - they are easy to use and can be easily removed from the plaster.

As a result, the fixative is applied to the stencil no closer than 4.0 mm to the edge of the cut ornament. Carefully, without displacement, the matrix should be attached to the wall.

3. Priming the wall

This step is optional, however, it will only improve the adhesion of the bas-reliefs to the surface to be decorated. The technology of coating a wall section with a primer solution for decoration does not differ from similar preparation of walls before painting or wallpapering.

After each priming (optimally 2 coats) sufficient drying time should follow.

4. Drawing a bas-relief

Spectacular, voluminous drawings will be obtained only from a fine-grained putty mixture. In its ready-to-use form, it is a homogeneous, viscous, pasty mass.

Putty material can be purchased ready-made or as a dry mix for self-dilution (instructions with a recipe are usually attached).

In several layers, putty is applied to the stencil (cut out area), evenly covering it, and each new layer must be firmly compacted.

5. Removing the template film

It is possible to start removing the matrix only after the complete drying and hardening of the plaster composition. There should not be any difficulties during removal - firmly grasping the edge of the stencil, the sheet is separated from the wall without haste with a smooth peeling motion.

No need to be upset if the edges of the pattern turned out to be imperfectly even. Anyway, the bas-relief will be subjected to finishing, after which the defects will be smoothed out with sandpaper.

Bas-relief with a stencil

If you do not have great artistic talent or are not confident in it, it is advised to decorate your home with a bas-relief using a stencil.

Learn all the subtleties and nuances of the work, practice on a small piece of drywall and boldly proceed to the decor.

Templates for bas-reliefs can be made independently from transparent plastic or purchased at a hardware store. If you do not find the desired pattern, feel free to proceed with the independent manufacture of the stencil:

find on the Internet or draw a pattern yourself;
transfer it to plastic using carbon paper for this;
cut the pattern on the stencil without leaving burrs and cuts.

Stages of work:

Preparatory work.

Make markings on the wall so that the pattern is evenly placed on the wall. Prepare several stencils, as they are used once.

Glue masking tape or apply glue to the back of the stencil. Attach to the wall and hold until you are sure that the stencil is firmly stuck to the wall.

Wall primer.

Go over the primer on those areas where the putty will be applied. After priming, the wall should dry well.

Putty application.

Fine-grained putty is best suited for these works. It can be bought ready-made or as a dry mix. In the second option, the mixture is diluted with water to the desired state.

Putty putty on the stencil, completely filling all the holes. Each next layer is applied after the previous one has dried.

Removing the template.

When all layers are dry, you can begin to remove the template. To do this, gently pull the stencil towards you and separate it from the wall.

Clean uneven edges with sandpaper or correct defects with a palette knife.

Bas-relief decoration.

You can start finishing the bas-relief after removing the stencil. Depending on the idea, you can use one color for painting, or several different colors.

For painting, it is better to use a roller with a foam nozzle and a special paint tray.

The pattern will be even more beautiful if you first go through the stencil with darker tones, and then with light ones, leaving a dark outline. Mother-of-pearl or gold paint looks good on such bas-reliefs.

Preparatory stage

Even the simplest stucco molding gives the room an elegant and solemn look.

When developing the design of any apartment or house, from the kitchen to the bedroom, you can use relief images.

Bas-reliefs harmoniously fit into the interiors of any style, from modern to fusion.

To create such paintings, you only need desire, accuracy and perseverance.

Before starting any serious business, you need to properly prepare, watch a master class or consult with your neighbors.

Practice shows that at first the wall or walls on which the bas-relief will be applied are selected.

It is very important to evaluate how the picture will be illuminated, with natural light or with the help of electric lamps. . The next step - among the abundance of paintings, you need to choose the one that will be molded in a specific place on the wall

Such decisions require time to think and choose a specific option.

The next step - among the abundance of paintings, you need to choose the one that will be molded in a specific place on the wall. Such decisions require time to think and choose a specific option.

It is not recommended to take on a genre painting with images of wild animals and brave hunters for a person who intends to make a bas-relief with his own hands for the first time.

The most suitable in this case will be images of flowers, leaves and fruits.

It will be useful to watch the simplest master class from a specialist who is professionally engaged in sculpting bas-reliefs for walls.

It is desirable to choose an image that is not complex, but not primitive either. In its original state, it should please the eye.

Already with a specific picture, you can start working.

To do this, you need to collect the minimum set of tools that is used in this case:

trowel;
brush flat;
palette knife;
maklovitsa;
masking tape;
rubber gloves;
film is transparent.

You will also need a finishing material that is used when leveling the walls. The creation of a bas-relief is carried out in several stages.

Each step requires special primers and plastic materials.

Installation of a bas-relief in stages

On the wall, a pre-prepared picture is attached using wallpaper or tile glue. Apply it to the tile and wall at the same time. Self-tapping screws or nails help to cope with especially heavy structures

It is important that they protrude only 2/3 of the width.
The wall recessing method is the best solution if the structure weighs too much. The panel can be placed in a special niche

The seams must be plastered and covered with a primer.

The following is done with bas-reliefs made directly on the wall:

We carefully plaster the bas-relief when it is ready. The material class does not matter.

Carefully clean all seams and cavities from dust. The process requires a responsible approach and care.

We prime the bas-relief with a special brush.

The relief is covered with high class paint.

The best solution is water-based varieties. White paint is suitable if you do not intend to use several colors at once. It also handles protruding elements.

2Video about creating a bas-relief

Bas-relief of the work (28 photos)

Tool

Making a bas-relief will require you to acquire some special tools. Not very expensive, but you can not count on the success of work without it. First of all, half a rubber ball for kneading the next portion of the working mixture. Everything falls out of it at once, if you turn it inside out, and the dried residues fly off in the same way. The bas-relief will be stronger and more beautiful, the faster it is formed, i.e. the further the working solution is from the start of setting. The kneading ball reduces the wastage of shaking, scraping, etc. to zero. It is also more convenient to collect the solution in small portions from the ball, because. there are no corners inside. For the same reason, the batch turns out to be more homogeneous (homogeneous), and this is one of the most important factors in the final artistry of the bas-relief.

Tools for making gypsum bas-reliefs

Next, you will need spatulas for modeling - palette knives. Set of 6 (pos. 1 in the figure) is enough for a start. For the formation of bunches of grapes, scales, etc. still need convex-concave spatulas. Sets with such are expensive, up to 30 thousand rubles. (!) For a set of 48 items, so lovers often use spoons of different sizes instead (coffee, tea, dessert, table), with rounded and pointed tips. However, you can’t just bring out a low relief with spoons, the bend of the handle interferes. Therefore, for each spatula, take 2 spoons of aluminum and other plastic metal. One is used as is, it will be a convex spatula. And the other handle at the scoop itself is twisted 180 degrees and bent back, a concave spatula is obtained.

Note: good convex-concave palette knives come out of disposable plastic spoons and forks. To get concave spatulas, their handles are heated with a lighter at the scoop itself, twisted and bent back when heated.

You will also need another palette knife - an artistic knife, pos. 2. Painters use them to clean off old paint from the palette, and sculptors trim the edges, cut off the burr, and create a fine texture. A palette knife is perfectly replaced by a wide shoe knife.

The next necessary tool is a confectionery syringe with nozzles (pos. 3 and 4) and, possibly, a 20 ml medical syringe without a needle. It is highly desirable to take a confectionery syringe with a trigger drive (pos. 4). Mixtures for bas-reliefs are far from being as fluid as cream for cakes, and you need to form twigs, roses, leaves with a syringe (well, how cakes are decorated, everyone has seen) holding it with 2 hands; hold the tool at the tip with the left.

Finally, you will need 2-3 flat painting brushes of different sizes and the same number of round, cheapest ones, made of ox-ear bristles. It makes no sense to buy expensive squirrel and kolinsky for a bas-relief "steepness for the sake of", they are too soft. You will also need a very hard and rough children's nylon brush for drawing. Brushes induce texture (see below) and gypsum small areas of the bas-relief.

Working with the tool and caring for it

Palette knives and brushes are dipped in water before a set of the next portion of the mixture. Remains and drips on the working body are a guarantee of spoiled work. After work, the syringe is disassembled and lowered in parts into water; palette knives with brushes are also placed there. When the tool rots, the remnants of working materials are thoroughly washed off with clean water. By the way, a properly cared for confectionery syringe after working on a bas-relief is also suitable for use for its intended purpose. All instruments must be kept absolutely clean.

The main stages of making a bas-relief

2. So, you have firmly decided to place a bas-relief on one of your walls, and you want to do this work with your own hands. First of all, you need to choose the wall on which your bas-relief will be placed.

It is very important to evaluate at this stage what kind of lighting - daylight or electric at what angle will illuminate this place on the wall.

Next, select an image. If you do not have experience in applying bas-reliefs, you should not take on complex plot pictures. The truth is very simple and
boring images, although simple in execution, are unlikely to be of interest to you. Take pictures of flowers or trees. The main thing is that already on
At this stage, the image was pleasant and pleased you. Also, we do not recommend a novice sculptor to take on large images. Start with small ones on the tablet - they can serve as fiberboard or drywall.
Once the image is selected, let's get to work.

The material from which the image is made can be clay, alabaster, gypsum. For beginners, gypsum or gypsum-containing plaster is recommended.
Now we need to make a stencil. By the way, for the first experiments it is quite possible to use ready-made stencils that are sold in hardware stores.
If you decide to make a stencil yourself, then you will need carbon paper and stencil material - it is best if it is plastic.
The image is carefully transferred with carbon paper and a pencil to plastic, and then we cut out the stencil. We cut the holes carefully, leaving no burrs.
Keep in mind that the stencil can only be used once, so if applying
on the wall of an ornament - a repeating pattern, it is necessary to prepare the required number of stencils in advance.

The wall on which the bas-relief will be placed must be flat and smooth. The wall must be primed before applying the bas-relief.
We attach the stencil to the wall, in the previously determined place, using glue or masking tape.
Then we apply fine-grained putty to the stencil. In construction stores, you can buy ready-made putty, or dilute dry putty
independently - it should be a viscous mass. This consistency is most suitable for working with bas-reliefs.
Putty must be applied in such a way that the holes in the stencil are completely filled with putty.
Using a spatula, properly press the putty into the stencil.

When the putty hardens, carefully remove the stencil. If necessary, we grind the resulting pattern with sandpaper.

On this work with the bas-relief can be considered finished.

Bas-relief coloring

3. In order to make the bas-relief more interesting, it can be covered with paint.
The bas-relief is painted before the stencil is removed, especially if the painting is done with spray paints. It is important to
the stencil was intact, otherwise you will also “paint” part of the wall. A bas-relief, especially an ornamental pattern, is covered with gold or mother-of-pearl paint to create a greater effect.

When painting a bas-relief depicting representatives of flora and fauna, you can use an interesting technique in which dark paint is first applied, and then, leaving dark contours,
light. This results in a richer and deeper image.
It is important to remember that painting can only be started after the putty has completely dried. As a rule, a day after applying the bas-relief.

There are many different techniques for applying a bas-relief to a wall, but they all require certain knowledge and skills. Therefore, if you are new to this subject, start with the technique described above.

Video: master class do-it-yourself bas-relief on the wall

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Other ways to create flowers

There are other ways to create relief surfaces. For example, instead of a paper bag, you can use a plastic sponge for washing dishes (brush) to create a relief pattern. The drawing is created in the same way as described above, but the result will be different: the relief will look like flower buds with many small petals.

To create relief drawings, it is not necessary to use only home-made devices. On sale there is a special device for applying images on putty - a textured (patterned) roller. Moreover, if desired, you can choose a model that will create exactly the picture that you need.

Sometimes in stores there are stencils or matrices for decorative plaster. The main difference between such devices and a roller is the ability to create not only small, but also large patterns.

Also, images on decorative plaster can be created using a conventional spatula. The tool is pressed into the fresh coating, and then flower petals are formed with appropriate movements. However, decorating with such a tool requires a certain skill.

Applying patterns to putty or plaster is a rather difficult task, requiring artistic skills. However, if you have patience and practice, everything will definitely work out.

What you need to create a bas-relief with your own hands

Creating a bas-relief is a rather laborious and sometimes time-consuming process. Therefore, the masters of this business ask for a lot of money for their work. If the service of a professional is too expensive, but you really want to decorate the wall, you can try to create a plaster bas-relief yourself. This will require minimal modeling skills, accuracy and perseverance. The list of required materials varies depending on which image and in which area you are going to reproduce. It usually includes the following devices:

Various types of brushes and spatulas, pencil, cutter.
Masking tape, thick transparent film - used to protect surrounding surfaces or transfer the sketch.
Rubber gloves - so as not to stain the skin of the hands.
Putty, gypsum, plaster, alabaster - your choice.
Auxiliary materials - plasticine, polystyrene, cardboard, pieces of decorative cords. All this can be useful in the process of creating a bas-relief.

If this is your first time starting to work on creating a bas-relief, it is better not to take on a complex project of a large size. It will be even easier to create a decoration on a separate sheet of drywall, and then fix it to the wall surface.

Of course, before trying to create a bas-relief with your own hands, it will be useful for beginners to watch the master classes on the video. On the Internet you can find detailed descriptions of the stages of work on creating wall compositions for every taste with a photo.

Preparing for execution

Before proceeding with self-creation, you must first choose a wall that is convenient for this, which you want to prepare. It must be thoroughly cleaned of old coatings, primed and dried.

After the wall is selected and cleaned, and the surface is covered with putty, which has already dried, an image is drawn on it, which is planned to be made in bas-relief technique.

The image to be placed on the wall is preselected. A sketch is made with a pencil. Do not try to complete complex drawings the first time. It is better to practice skills by making images of vegetation, stylized birds and other not too complex figures. If there is no ability for an artistic image, then you can apply the familiar technique of drawing an image using cells. In this case, the section on the wall and the drawing are drawn into squares, into which all the lines from the drawing on the sketch are transferred in turn. When redrawing details, you need to remember to respect the scale of the image.

It is not necessary to immediately draw the whole picture in full, but it is enough just to draw the contours and outlines of objects and personalities depicted on the wall.

Making a mold for plaster with your own hands

Forms or molds can be bought in stores, but their range is not as large as one would like. In addition, a typical mold will no longer be a unique part of the bas-relief. To make a form yourself, you will first have to make a sample element. The technology is the same for all materials, but consider one of the most popular recipes. For him you will need:

Putty;
Water;
PVA glue.

As for the proportions, then 500 gr. putties take 1 tbsp. a spoonful of glue and 100 gr. water. The mass is kneaded with the gradual addition of liquid. The result should be a material similar in consistency to tough dough or hard plasticine. Proportions may vary depending on the composition of the putty. Parts and elements are molded from the mass

In the process, you need to pay special attention to the flaws that will be transferred to the mold. Stucco is given time to harden

12 hours will be enough. Then, to make a mold, take:

A set of self-tapping screws;
Pieces of plywood for assembling the box;
liquid silicone.

From plywood with the help of self-tapping screws create a prefabricated box without a top. A sample of the element is placed in it and filled with silicone. Then the composition is given time to harden. After that, the walls of the box are unscrewed so as not to damage the mold, and a sample is fished out of its depths. The silicone mold is ready for reusable use.

In gypsum products, voids in the form of bubbles are often found. They can be modestly located inside the element or partially go outside, thereby violating the integrity of the surface and spoiling the appearance. They can additionally be masked with a solution from which the main part of the bas-relief will be made.

If gypsum is poured into the mold, then, in order to avoid sticking, the mold is lubricated with vegetable oil.

2 Paintings with a syringe

List of necessary tools for making gypsum plaster paintings using a medical syringe:

wooden blank for a picture;
pictures of flowers on special decoupage cards or napkins;
PVA glue;
scissors;
brushes;
wood putty;
medical syringe;
paints;
palette knife set.

The first thing to do is to prepare the surface of the painting from putty. To do this, you need to prime the blank of the picture with a solution of PVA with water in a ratio of 1: 1. Let dry.

While the blank dries, patterns are cut out of decoupage sheets. A place is determined for decoration with flowers on a wooden surface. The cut out pictures are laid in place and well smeared with a brush with a solution of PVA glue with water. When the glued elements have dried up, you need to take a small can of light-colored wood putty. This is a ready-made composition that you can work with without mixing with a liquid.

The putty is collected in a thin layer on a brush or on a small palette knife (a special tool that can be purchased at art trade points or even in stationery) and applied in a thin layer to the places of the picture free from the pasted drawing and carefully leveled. Putty with a slightly thicker layer should be applied with a palette knife on the decor elements.

To perform thin, contour elements and curls, a syringe is used, or rather its body, into which the putty mixture is drawn, and with the help of a moving rod, the exit of the mixture from the spout (not a needle!), Forming thin and clear lines. Work is given time to dry. Then it is sanded a little with sandpaper and stained with acrylic or other suitable paints.

We create a full-fledged bas-relief

This is the most complex technique, requiring not only the ability to draw, but also some skills in applying textured plaster. You need to start work by choosing a pattern and a place on the wall where it will be applied in bulk. The illumination of the site should be correctly assessed, since the bas-relief looks great in the interior due to the play of light and shadow. If it’s not possible to successfully choose a place, then make a picture on any wall, but subsequently install 2-3 lamps above it, as shown in the photo.

Advice. When applying a large relief pattern, the master is close to the surface and cannot see how the whole picture changes in the process of work

Therefore, it is important for a novice sculptor to learn how to evaluate the correctness of actions and often look at the result of their labors from the outside.

To create a bas-relief, use the following technique:

Transfer the contours of the selected pattern to the surface of the wall. There are 2 ways: just draw them with a pencil or copy them onto a transparent film. The latter is applied to the wall, where a thin layer of putty or Marseille wax has already been applied, and the contour is squeezed out along the lines with a slightly pointed object.
Give the drawing volume by applying gypsum plaster to the surface (thick consistency). This must be done in several layers and without haste, forming the outlines of each part with a spatula or other convenient tool.
Since the mortar hardens for a long time (about 3 hours), give clarity to the bas-relief by removing excess plaster with a clerical knife or a narrow spatula. If you removed too much, then correct it with finishing putty.
After the raised image has hardened, remove the remaining sharp edges and smooth out the pattern with sandpaper.

Advice. Do not use solutions of pure gypsum and alabaster for application, they harden too quickly and do not allow you to adjust the details of the picture. Do not forget to prepare the surface of the wall - level and coat with a primer.

When the bas-relief is ready, it can be painted in the desired color (usually white) or painted, creating a real picture. How the wizard does it is shown in the video:

General technology for creating a bas-relief

To make a bas-relief on the wall, you must first prepare it: clean it, level it. Already on a flat and completely dry surface, you can start working. When you are going to make large-sized bas-reliefs, it is advisable to prime the wall - for better adhesion of the composition to the wall.

The bas-relief on the wall can be of varying degrees of complexity. This one is complex. For beginners, it is clearly unbearable. But you know what can be done in the future

For the first experience, it is better to start with small items - such as medallions (round or square) with simple relief images. As a basis for such products, it is best to take moisture-resistant drywall. Under it, you can make a frame (from a profile, for example). In this form, the volumetric composition can be moved from place to place. This makes it easier to learn the basics of technology.

We find and print the image that we want to transfer to the walls. It must be cut from a durable and waterproof material. Plastic is best for this, but thick cardboard can be used. If necessary, the template can be replicated.
We knead the mixture thickly (usually finishing gypsum putties are used). It should have a pasty consistency, should not flow or spread.
We fix the template on the wall (you can use double-sided masking tape), using a spatula, fill the slots with putty.
After half an hour or an hour, we remove the template, trimming the uneven edges that are torn when the template is removed.
If the relief should be deeper, from above, on the resulting spots of plaster, add another composition.
We wait an hour or more - depends on the composition. The material must still be plastic enough - so that it can be cut with a knife, chisels and other similar tools. We select the excess, forming the desired relief.
We wait until it dries completely, we achieve the desired degree of smoothness using sandpaper of different grain sizes (from medium to very fine).
We paint, after drying it can be varnished (not at all necessary, but possible).
1. Restrained forms, clear relief

This is the whole technology in general terms. There are nuances that are worth dwelling on separately. The first concerns the application of the starting layer of putty on the walls and the transfer of the pattern. In more complex compositions, the bas-relief on the wall begins with the transfer of the contours of the drawing. They do this with a pencil or crayon (if you know how to draw) or with the help of an image printed in the right size and a carbon paper placed on it. Then we cover the places where we will apply putty with soil (for better adhesion), and then with the help of palette knives (small spatulas of various shapes) we apply the first layer of material. Further, the sequence of actions is similar to that described.

Trees in bas-relief

Bas-relief with a landscape

general characteristics

The monument is a building with a wide staircase and a colonnade, under which there is a long panoramic relief. It depicts separate groups of people, animals and giants who came together in battle. The relief is classified into four types:

Bas-relief. Sculptures protrude above the flat background by less than half.
High relief. Sculptures go far beyond the background and sometimes even partially separate from it.
Counter-relief. It is a negative, that is, the composition is not convex, but concave.
Ancre, or koilanaglyph. On a plane (most often a wall), only the contour of the image is cut out, that is, the composition is as concave as the counter-relief, but its depth is the same everywhere. This type is considered more primitive. It became widespread only in ancient Egypt.

Bas-relief in the interior of simple houses was rarely used before. Only very wealthy people who had real palaces at their disposal could afford it. Most often, the exteriors of Gothic-style houses and the interior of cathedrals and churches were decorated with bas-relief. In modern interiors, decorating with such sculptural compositions has become affordable. You can even create a bas-relief yourself. We will talk further about the features of such a sophisticated decor and how to make it with your own hands.

Bas-relief as an interior element

wall panel- a universal solution for all styles. For example, a three-dimensional tree with branches, a climbing vine or an abstract pattern is used when you need to fill an empty wall without overloading the space. The use of bas-reliefs in apartments helps to visually change the room and hide surface imperfections.

The bas-relief can be made in the form of an ornament, decorate the walls with small scattered fragments, or make it a central composition. Volumetric compositions can decorate a niche or any recess in the wall. Additional lighting will place accents and give the interior a sense of completeness.

In the kitchen, bas-reliefs with still lifes, with images of domestic animals, kitchen utensils, fruits and vegetables, are appropriate.

In the children's room, the wall panel should be light and airy so that the child learns the world in bright colors from childhood. Bas-reliefs should be decorated with angels, fairies, magical birds, fairy-tale castles, butterflies, flowers and cartoon characters. Such compositions fill the children's room with charm and a fairy tale.

Bas-reliefs in the living room go well with wrought iron and stone. Therefore, if a fireplace is installed in the living room, then the bas-relief above it will become a real decoration of the room.

Bas-relief in the living room above the fireplace

Flowers, angels, gentle, amorous scenes from the paintings of the Middle Ages look organically on the bas-reliefs in the bedroom. The room is filled with peace and tranquility.

A bas-relief can be created in several ways:

fashioning a bas-relief directly on the surface of the wall;
having made individual elements with subsequent fastening to the surface;
creating a three-dimensional picture on a solid basis.

A novelty in the field of bas-relief creation is new bas-reliefs. They are flexible plates with an already applied pattern.

Distinctive features of the new bas-reliefs:

installation is possible on any surface;
high rates of noise and heat insulation;
plates are flexible, do not break;
increased thermal and moisture resistance;
safe for humans and the environment.
easy installation, using a special adhesive, according to the numbering.

Bas-relief painting

Even the simplest three-dimensional picture will ennoble the room, make it solemn and elegant.

You can try your hand at starting with the creation of a bas-relief painting.

Why from a picture? The advantages of such a voluminous panel:

for a bas-relief of a picture, preparation of a wall is not required;
the decoration in the room will not be spoiled even if the picture is not successful: you can postpone and redo the work later;
bas-relief - a picture can always be moved to another place, donated or taken to a new apartment.

How to start work on creating a bas-relief

The first step is to decide on the interior of the room.
The second step is the choice of the room and the surface on which it is planned to place the three-dimensional composition.
The third step is preparing the sketch.

When choosing a sketch, it is necessary to take into account its dimensions and wall area: the picture should harmoniously and naturally fit into the space

Lighting is also taken into account: the perception of the picture depends on it. In case of insufficient lighting, the bas-relief will need to be additionally highlighted

When choosing a sketch, if you are a beginner, you should not choose too complex and voluminous figures, plot pictures with many characters. For the first bas-reliefs, it is better to opt for simple forms in the form of flowers, fruits or leaves. Although, despite the lack of experience, we do not recommend choosing too primitive sketches: they will be lost on the surface and will not look interesting.

The most accurate drawing of the sketch will help you in further work.

The fourth step is transferring the sketch to film.

The outline of the image must be transferred to paper. Put a transparent film on top and circle with a helium pen or pencil. The main thing is that the contour is not erased ahead of time.

The fifth step is preparing the base.

The surface must be carefully prepared before applying the bas-relief. For this, the wall is treated with putty.

The solution must be mixed well. Gypsum plaster hardens quickly, so we do not recommend preparing a lot of the mixture at once.

You can facilitate the work if you use a screwdriver or a mixer nozzle on a drill to prepare the solution. In order not to splatter the walls, we advise you to add a little water to the dry mix before kneading and mix with a spatula. After that, mix the mixture with an electric tool, let stand for five minutes and mix again.

The sixth step is to draw a picture on the wall.

After complete drying, put a stencil from the film on the prepared surface and trace the outline of the pattern with a hard pencil. A relief image should remain on the surface.

The drawing can be applied directly to the wall. If you are not a very experienced artist, then you can transfer the image to the wall using the old and proven method: by cells.

The seventh step is the formation of the pattern.

This is the longest and most important stage, especially for a person who has no experience in modeling from plasticine or clay. But nothing is impossible. Following our advice, anyone, even without experience, will be able to create a real masterpiece.

Before you start making a relief, you need to mark the voluminous places of the bas-relief and fix the screws in the thickest places.

Gradually begin to add volume to the objects drawn in the figure. This work is carried out in several steps: putty is applied to individual areas layer by layer.

When applying the first layer, pay special attention to the relief areas. No need to try to make the relief even, the ribbing will help to bind the second layer of plaster to the first one more tightly.

Then, using a palette knife, it is necessary to cut through the image so that the details begin to emerge.

We prepare the material for modeling in advance. Beginners are advised to work with gypsum plaster or gypsum. In addition to the fact that these materials are plastic, they still seize quickly enough and keep their shape well.

The eighth step is the coloring of the bas-relief.

Before you start painting, you need to perform a few more steps:

completely dry the fashioned bas-relief;
clean concave and convex elements, sharp, protruding edges and corners with fine sandpaper;
clean and prime the wall panel.

Work at these stages requires caution and accuracy. Try not to overdo it and remove the excess so that the volume is not lost and you do not have to return to modeling again

After the primer has dried, you can begin to apply paint.

If you use paint of the same color, then we recommend using white water-based paint in different shades. Lighter paint is applied to all protruding elements that carry the main stylistic load. For staining, use not a brush, but an ordinary sponge. This will avoid unwanted streaks.

The wall around the wall panel will not look too flat if you apply a layer of plaster on it and make it textured. To do this, you can use crumpled paper or a plastic bag folded into a rose.

Create an invoice

At this stage of work, everything depends only on the imagination of the performer:

One of the options: we apply a tool made from a bag to the putty and, with a little pressure, turn it around its own axis. As a result, the texture will become similar to a flower bud.
With the help of a bag, you can create both separate “bouquets of flowers” and a solid texture over the entire surface.
When the texture is created, let the surface dry for 48 hours. Two days is usually enough for the walls to dry completely.
On a dry surface, apply an acrylic paint composition of a suitable color. And we use only a fleecy roller. We apply the paint carefully, without missing anything, in order to achieve the same color of the entire relief.
When the paint is completely dry, we take a brush with hard and short bristles and remove the pigment from the top points of the created texture with it. The brush can be replaced with a standard spatula. Thus, we get the effect of an artificially aged surface, which visually emphasizes the embossed floral pattern.

Preparation for work

Bas-reliefs are made by hand. Of course, on the market of cheap decorative elements, you can buy ready-made gypsum stamping, but this will not add to the uniqueness of the design. Before you start working on your first full-fledged composition, you need to fill your hand. It is most convenient to train on clay, plaster or plaster. The materials are plastic and allow you to correct oversights until completely dry. Plywood with a low frame of wood will be used as the canvas. In rare cases, you can create a composition directly on the wall section. This option is only suitable for those sculptors who are firmly confident in their abilities. They also create large-scale panoramas right on the wall, which will be simply inconvenient to hang after being made on separate canvases. In advance, you also need to make standard forms for repeating elements in order to reduce the complexity of the process.

For example, each grapevine berry is much easier to make in molds. These elements are often made of gypsum, but alabaster is considered the best material. We'll talk about where to get molds a little later. Instead of a stencil, ordinary cling film will be used. First, it is placed on a hard surface and the outline of individual elements is drawn. Then the stencil will be applied to the composition and the same outlines will be transferred to a still soft and pliable base. And now let's start a short, general master class on creating a bas-relief for interior decoration.

Types and themes of bas-relief

Not every relief pattern on the wall is called a bas-relief, but only one whose elements protrude from the surface by no more than half. If more - this is a high relief.

The wooden bas-relief looks original in the interior, if you choose it according to the design style of the room, the color that matches the color of the furniture. In this case, it will harmoniously fit into the overall style.

Bas-relief ideas can be varied. Depending on the style, these can be plant and animal motifs, abstract elements or antique scenes look aesthetically pleasing. Size, plot and difficulty will depend on:

the volume of the room;
decoration style.

Often a three-dimensional image is made directly on the wall, however, it is possible to install pre-prepared plates with a ready-made relief. We also recommend that you look at the options for finishing with decorative panels on this site http://mirstrojka.ru/dekorativnye-paneli/

Bas-relief techniques

Stucco molding on the wall at home can be done in one of the following ways, in ascending order of technical complexity:

Plastering free, i.e. not initially fixed on the supporting surface, non-removable models;
Plastering non-removable models on the supporting surface. These methods are especially good for beginners, because. allow you to get acc. high and low relief, without risking the need to redo all the work again in case of failure;
Reverse casting from plaster according to the model to be removed. The method is somewhat more laborious, but also suitable for beginners, because. you can pore over the model as much as you like until it is brought to the ideal. In addition, up to 20-30 identical products can be cast in one mold (mould, mold) made according to the model;
Artistic plaster molding in place, i.e. directly on the supporting surface. It requires solid skills, but it makes it possible to create large relief panels on the entire wall, with a contour of corners, going to the ceiling, and complete freedom of creative expression.

In place or on a sheet?

It is possible to make a bas-relief in 2-4 ways both in place and in parts on a table or floor. An excellent basis for fragments of a prefabricated bas-relief is a plasterboard sheet, plasterboard. It is prepared as a base surface (see below), parts of the overall picture or finished compositions are displayed on separate sheets or their pieces of the desired shape (see figure), and mounted on a leveled wall.

Relief panels

The fastener heads and the joints of the fragments are puttied with the base composition, then they are plastered and rubbed under the base texture. Another good thing about prefabricated bas-reliefs is that a piece spoiled by inexperience can be redone without touching the rest. And the bad thing is that the whole composition turns out to be heavy; it is impossible to fasten a prefabricated bas-relief to weak walls (plasterboard, partitions made of PGB, etc.). however, it is generally not recommended to load weak walls with bas-reliefs - the supporting base should be stronger than the material of the composition.

Casting stucco in molds

To sculpt a bas-relief decoration on the entire wall, shown below in the photo, you need to have drawing skills, since its outline is first applied to the surface. If you are talented in another area, then the solution is simple: make silicone molds, pour plaster decorations into them and stick them on the walls.

Reference. Of course, you can go the simpler way: buy at an affordable price decorative molding elements made from modern materials - polyurethane or foam. But it is much more attractive and pleasant to create an individual pattern to your taste, suitable for the design of the room.

Task number one is the manufacture of a three-dimensional prototype - a counter-relief, the basis for a future form. As a rule, various flowers, vines and other elements of nature act as wall details of the landscape, which look equally good in any room - kitchen, bedroom or living room. The prototype of the pattern you like can be made in the following ways:

sculpt from plasticine or clay;
cut from wood;
transfer the contours of the picture onto paper and give them a relief using gypsum plaster, as shown in the video at the end of the section:
Finally, apply ready-made convex images and figures.

This is what the silicone mold looks like.

Note. You can involve all family members in sculpting a counter-relief, including a child who knows how to handle plasticine well.

Now you need to purchase silicone with a hardening catalyst, whose amount depends on the size of the resulting sculpture, and then proceed according to the following instructions:

Make a bath for pouring, whose sides are 1 cm higher than the prototype. The simplest option is to lay the counter-relief on the glass and mold the plasticine sides around.
Mix the silicone with the catalyst in the proportions indicated on the packaging. To control the quality of mixing, a little food coloring can be added to the solution. Pour it into the tub.
After waiting for solidification, remove the silicone mold and remove the burr around the edges with scissors.
Prepare a solution of gypsum or alabaster (the consistency is like that of liquid sour cream) and fill the recess in the mold, remove the protruding part with a spatula. Allow 10-15 minutes to harden.
Remove the finished bas-relief, process its edges and stick it on the wall, ceiling or home fireplace.

Filling the prototype with silicone mortar

Advice. If your pattern has a thin and elongated shape, then after pouring the plaster, carefully lay 1-2 pieces of steel wire along the entire length for strength.

How a bas-relief is cast from plaster with your own hands is shown in the video:

Do-it-yourself plaster mold

To prepare a mixture of alabaster, it is taken: gypsum - 2 parts, water - 1 part. The prepared mixture is poured into molds and waits for complete drying for about a day.

Bas-relief with a butterfly in the bedroom

Bas-relief with a landscape

The art of imitation wood effect plaster

A real master plasterer is able to reproduce with the help of simple tools and plaster composition the structure and texture of any valuable finishing material, whether it is a rare stone or a valuable type of wood.

Decorative wood effect plaster is one of the favorite solutions for designers. Despite the apparent complexity, it is possible to do it yourself.

What we imitate

Wood is a material with a huge number of variations in color, texture and structure. Imitation of wood-like decorative plaster using a variety of devices and techniques involves the creation of:

Textures of wood of different species in a longitudinal section.
Textures in cross section.
Structures of wood eaten by a beetle - wood borer.
Stylization of tree bark.
Structures of petrified wood.

In accordance with the chosen design, material, tools and techniques for performing work are selected.

How do we imitate

Plaster for work can be of any composition - cement - sand, cement - lime, gypsum, acrylic or silicone. For the texture of bark beetle or tree bark, it is better to use ready-made structural plaster with coarse-grained filler, so the pattern will turn out to be especially embossed.

Especially convenient is the use of ready-made masses of acrylic and silicone for beginners, these plasters remain plastic longer than lime or gypsum compounds, which allows you to repeatedly correct the work, and dry faster, unlike cement-sand plaster.

How do we imitate

A tool for performing work will be required not only from the arsenal of the plasterer:

Spatulas, different sizes, shapes and materials - metal, rubber, comb with a straight blade, flexible and hard.
Spatula rakli with different notches on the blade.
Trowel.
Rollers with a relief pattern on the surface.
Hard bristled brushes.

I would especially like to dwell on a Japanese-made rubber spatula, one surface of which is designed to create a relief of a longitudinal cut, the second - to create knots and annual rings.

It is not necessary to use an expensive professional tool if there is a small amount of work to be done: embossed rollers can be replaced with ordinary paint rollers by wrapping them with improvised materials - threads, tape, plastic wrap, foil. Unevenly spaced folds will give a relief resembling a longitudinal cut of wood.

You can often correct or even make a relief under a tree with your hand, fingers, of course, in a glove, so that the chemistry does not damage the skin.

Before performing work, be sure to experiment: apply plaster on a piece of cardboard and complete the intended relief.

How we imitate

One of the technologies for performing plaster with a pattern of a longitudinal cut of wood:

Apply plaster on the wall with a stainless steel trowel, level with a layer of 3-6 mm, smooth the surface with a spatula as much as possible, but without fanaticism.
With any object: with a hard shoe brush, a special brush with hard bristles or a professional rubber roller, apply wavy furrows, pressing unevenly on the tool. The direction of the furrows - vertical, horizontal or at an angle depends on the author's imagination. The tool should be cleaned after each penetration. Before the next operation, the surface should dry for 20-30 minutes.
Rub the surface with a smooth hard trowel in a direction parallel to the relief to create a glossy surface. Dry for half an hour.
Apply the primer tinted in the desired shade to the wall with a roller or, better, with a brush, so that the primer penetrates all the grooves of the relief, leave to dry for the time specified by the primer manufacturer.
Apply a final coat of paint, dry.
Smooth the surface with a special spatula.

In such a simple way, you can make a decorative panel or finish a separate wall, in any case, decorative plaster will be perfectly combined with a smoothly painted wall and wallpaper.

Imitation of wood with decorative plaster is an easy finish to complete. With a complete resemblance to a wooden surface, it has several advantages:

Does not burn.
Easy to do.
Doesn't take up space in your living space.
It costs several times less than wood paneling.

Rubber spatula in your hands, lovers of wood in the interior!

The art of imitation - wood stucco Decorative plaster imitating wood is one of the methods of interior design. Unlike wood cladding, it is easy to do with your own hands, does not burn and is inexpensive.

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The bas-relief on the wall is a stylish interior decoration. Realization of fantasy on the walls inside the apartment or the perfect combination of style and practicality - do-it-yourself bas-relief Making bas-reliefs from which to make a shape

Types of bas-reliefs

​Creation Techniques

materials

Gypsum

Plaster

Mixture

Putty

Papier mache

Styrofoam

Instruments

Stages

​Preparation

​Sculpting​ ​and​ ​installing​ ​relief

Plastering individual models

Plastering individual models on the wall

Reverse casting from plaster

flat modeling

Modeling in place

toning

Final processing

Gypsum panel: material advantages

Do-it-yourself gypsum panel: master class

We make a decorative panel of gypsum on the wall

How to make vintage gypsum wall panels

Decorative plaster panel (video)

What is needed for work

Creating a bas-relief with your own hands

How to attach a custom made painting

Do-it-yourself plaster mold

Bas-relief with lilies

Video: Bas-relief in the interior

50 photos of bas-relief ideas in the interior of the apartment:

What skills are needed to create a bas-relief

Wall preparation

Working with stencils

Using Sculpting Stacks, Cutters, and Loops

mold casting

Attaching the wire frame to the wall

Film handling

First step

Second step

Third step

Fourth step

Fifth step

How to fix bas-reliefs

Completion of the processing process

Execution technology

Bas-relief on the wall with your own hands

We apply a relief image master class

Materials for creating a bas-relief

Sculpting technique

wall mount

materials

Gypsum

Plaster

Mixture

Putty

Papier mache

Styrofoam

Application of stencils

Cast molds

Bas-relief on the wall what is it

Modeling on the walls with a stencil

The pros and cons of the bas-relief

Types of bas-reliefs

Otzhe, how to get a bas-relief on the wall with your own hands

Required materials and tools.

Do-it-yourself bas-relief on the wall, preparation for the victorious

Brief information about the creative process

Creation of a bas-relief

1. Preparation

2. Fixing the stencil

3. Priming the wall

4. Drawing a bas-relief

5. Removing the template film

Bas-relief with a stencil

Preparatory stage

Installation of a bas-relief in stages

Creation Techniques

Preparation

Sculpting and installing relief