The technology of plastering internal walls from gas silicate blocks. Block plaster walls of aerated concrete indoors

Aerated concrete has long been loved by private developers for its excellent performance and very attractive cost. However, before starting construction from it, you need to study all the "pitfalls" in this matter in order to build a high-quality and durable structure. So, when planning the finishing, it is important to know how to plaster aerated concrete inside the house, and what materials are prohibited. What are the reasons for such restrictions and what kind of finish is ideal for gas silicate blocks, we will consider below.

Features of finishing aerated concrete walls

Before you plunge headlong into the issue of finishing the walls, you must first understand the structure of gas blocks, from which the quality of the future home will completely depend.

The main way to obtain this cellular material is the introduction of special additives into the composition of the concrete solution, which, when reacting, form air bubbles that tend to break out. They simply streak the aerated concrete body not only with voids, but also with thin channels, forming a surface that resembles natural pumice in its texture. Such a structure has excellent positive properties with the correct final processing of blocks:

high sound absorption coefficient;
good level of thermal insulation;
"breathing" walls create a unique microclimate in the room, keeping warm in the winter season and cool even in the most intense heat;
the porous structure of aerated concrete is not subject to the emergence and maintenance of colonies of fungal and other microorganisms, which, as a result of their vital activity, destroy walls.

The porous structure of aerated concrete

But despite these wonderful performance characteristics, aerated concrete also has disadvantages due to its structure:

the porous structure is subject to increased water absorption, which is fraught with the rapid destruction of blocks;
products with the highest density index, and, accordingly, strength, do not differ in resistance to mechanical stress, leading to spalls and cracks;
the heterogeneous structure, which retains heat so well, is very sensitive to wind. Unprotected bare aerated concrete walls are strongly blown, and it is cold inside them, even despite a well-organized heating system.

Taking into account all these negative circumstances, we can conclude that aerated concrete walls need to be finished. But it must be done as competently as possible so as not to disturb the microcirculation inside the walls, which can lead to destructive processes.

Vapor permeability

The porous structure, which has been talked about so much, has another property - good vapor permeability, which is the key to the durability of any structure made of cellular concrete.

In the process of life, people release a large amount of all kinds of moisture into the atmosphere. Just imagine how the air is saturated with it when ironing, washing, drying clothes, cooking or taking a bath. Of course, part of the vapors formed is removed using artificial and natural ventilation, but the main volume falls on the walls. In its pure form without finishing, aerated concrete perfectly passes moisture without retaining it inside its body.

Another thing is if there is a facade and interior cladding, and it is required for such wall material. Therefore, both finishes should complement each other, organizing the maximum natural removal of moisture.

For example, a ventilated facade system was chosen as an external finish. In this case, the provided ventilation gap does not disturb the natural balance of moisture in the aerated concrete wall, leaving complete freedom for the vapors to escape. Under such circumstances, any plaster for aerated concrete can be used.

Ventilated facade - the best type of exterior finish for aerated concrete walls

In the case of a wall insulation device, you need to pay attention to the characteristics of the base material. For example, mineral wool fully complies with the requirements - it insulates with high quality and does not prevent the removal of moisture. As in the previous example, the circulation of steam is not disturbed and the wall remains dry, so any plaster mixture can be chosen.

How to maintain natural moisture balance

But often, for one reason or another, facade decoration is arranged to bypass the basic rules, or, even worse, the insulation was made with foam sheets (its vapor transmission capacity is almost zero) without a ventilation gap. This leads to the accumulation of moisture in the thickness of the wall, which eventually manifests itself in damp corners, the collection of condensate in the room - and these are the first harbingers of the appearance of fungal mold.

The consequence of violation of the vapor permeability of aerated concrete walls

Such a serious defect can be corrected only by using materials for interior decoration, whose ability to pass vapors is much lower than that of aerated concrete. This shielding method will prevent the accumulation of moisture inside the walls. Best to use:

paints with a special composition;
waterproof wallpaper;
cement-sand plaster mortars of dense consistency.

But in this case, the importance of a high-quality ventilation device is significantly increased so that the accumulated moisture does not settle on the walls and inside the room, forming a greenhouse effect.

In order not to complicate the construction process, it would be most correct to initially produce interior decoration. After all, the repair involves a large amount of evaporated moisture, which simply needs to go outside, and it is best if it does this through the “bare” gas silicate walls.

And one more small nuance regarding the timing of the processing of walls made of aerated concrete blocks. Any cellular materials shrink well, which, in turn, negatively affects any fine cladding - this usually manifests itself in cracking and peeling of the decorative layer.

Therefore, it is recommended to carry out both internal and facade finishing processes at least six months after the complete erection of the building box and the roof device. It is best to plan this stage of construction in the spring - summer period. As mentioned above, the interior decoration is carried out first, after the end of all processes, in a month you can start processing the facade.

What plaster to prefer for interior decoration

As noted above, aerated concrete blocks are characterized by a high degree of water absorption, which can lead to excessive drying of the applied layer of plaster. This is especially evident on gypsum compositions and cement-based mortars - fast drying, cracking and shedding. If, on the other hand, we go from the opposite, and unnecessarily saturate the wall with water, then it will simply be impossible to plaster it, since the applied layer will not be held on the aerated concrete base.

Choosing the right materials will help solve this problem:

primers of deep penetration with a special composition. When applying them, the main thing is not to overdo it and not oversaturate the surface of the wall with moisture. Therefore, before use, read the instructions and follow them strictly;
special mixtures intended for plastering exactly gas silicate blocks. Their composition perfectly protects such “capricious” porous surfaces. But this is subject to the dilution of the plaster in the correct proportions with water. Only following the instructions for use from the manufacturer will help not to make a mistake in this matter.

But that's not all. The cellular surface does not have good adhesive qualities. For this reason, it is initially necessary to apply a rough layer of plaster with a thickness of at least 5 mm. But even this finish is prone to cracking and flaking. To prevent this, a plaster mesh is used. Fiberglass or polyurethane sheets are best preferred due to their excellent alkali resistance and long service life. Only after applying such a reinforced plaster layer and its complete drying, you can safely proceed to the fine finish.

The best plaster mixes

Having figured out a little about what parameters the finishing mixture should meet, let's look at its most popular and effective types:

plaster compositions based on silicates, namely "liquid glass". They are perfectly combined with aerated concrete surfaces, especially in terms of vapor permeability. But there is a small "but". Such plaster mixtures are incompatible with many types of fine finishes, for example, based on acrylic, latex, silicone;
gypsum plasters with perlite sand. They are ideal for aerated concrete wall surfaces, as indicated on the packaging. Any material for finishing is suitable for them;
plaster mixtures on a cement-lime basis with the addition of optimizing additives. Such compositions were invented specifically for finishing cellular material, even without a preliminary primer. The internal plaster of walls made of aerated concrete of a similar plan has not only excellent adhesive properties, but is also applicable for both rough and finish finishes.

The use of such plaster compositions is ideal for gas silicate walls and, if desired, you can use them to apply a leveling layer yourself. Like all specialized materials improved for one application, these mixtures have a very high cost, which in the end adds up to a decent amount.

But there is an alternative that will economically resolve the issue of internal plastering - the use of a conventional cement-sand mortar in a ratio of 1:5. But it must be used with extreme caution in relation to aerated concrete surfaces and not overdo it with the addition of water to the working mixture.

The process of self-interior plastering

Even if you decide that indoor plastering of aerated concrete walls will be done by craftsmen, it will not hurt to know the process of its implementation. After all, even professionals can sometimes make mistakes, and control from the outside will help to avoid annoying shortcomings.

Preparing for plastering

The algorithm of the process for preparing walls for plastering is quite simple in execution, in which it is impossible to make a mistake. Therefore, you can do it yourself. This will require:

or plastic 100-120 cm wide;
adhesive for ceramic tiles;
deep penetration soil;
notched trowel with 5-6 mm teeth.

Stage 1. Carefully inspect the walls for construction "jambs". For example, cracks and chips are subject to putty with alignment to the general level of the walls. For these purposes, a regular repair mortar is suitable, however, if it is not needed so much, then it is best to use an adhesive specifically designed for aerated concrete.

Stage 2. After drying the restored parts, go over all the walls with a stiff brush to remove dirt and dust.

Step 3. Apply primer in one coat. You can do this in a way convenient for you, for example, using a roller or brush. To reduce the consumption of the primer solution, experienced builders will use conventional sprayers. If there are none at hand, then you can just as well use an old model of a vacuum cleaner, the principle of which is to blow air. Only after high-quality drying of the first layer, you can start applying the second.

Stage 4. When the primer is completely dry, you can safely dilute the glue, according to the instructions and cut the plaster mesh into strips, the length of which should be equal to the height of the walls.

Stage 5. Starting from the bottom, pour the prepared glue onto the wall, gradually moving up. The thickness should be approximately equal to a layer of 5 mm, and the width should be slightly larger than the width of the mesh.

Step 6 Apply a strip of stucco and press it firmly into place on the wall. Now you can level the adhesive layer with a notched trowel so that the direction of the grooves runs horizontally. This improves adhesion to both the wall and future plaster.

Applying plaster

After the reinforced layer is completely dry, you can safely proceed to the main plastering process.

Stage 1. Wielding the building level, profiles are exposed - beacons.

Stage 2. The working solution is mixed according to the instructions. If the choice fell on the traditional cement-sand composition, then it is taken in a ratio of 1: 5, a plasticizer is added and kneaded to a thick consistency.

Alignment of the solution on the beacons

Stage 3. A solution is thrown between the two beacons along the entire height of the wall. Using the rule, the resulting layer is leveled to the required level of smoothness. Once again, attach the rule to the wall and check if there are gaps between them. If there is, add a mortar and level it, no - fine, plaster all the walls in a similar way.

The described plastering technology is quite simple and even an inexperienced master can successfully use it. The main thing is that it is correctly chosen how to plaster the walls of aerated concrete inside the house.

The article popularly talks about widely used building materials, lightweight concrete, the main characteristics and methods of finishing using traditional technologies, plastering house elements.

Aerated concrete wall plastering

Plastering of internal and external structures made of lightweight concrete is the most widely used method of protection from the effects of external climatic conditions and giving the house an original respectable appearance, as well as internal comfort.

The prevalence of technology is due to the ability to inexpensively and on their own to carry out a set of works on the preparation and finishing of structures and achieve the desired results.

Special characteristics of aerated concrete blocks

Aerated concrete refers to cellular concrete, consists of quicklime, cement, sand and aluminum powder that forms gas. When mixing components and water, a reaction occurs with the release of gas, forming voids, the number of which determines the weight, density, thermal conductivity of concrete and areas of use:

Concrete with a density of 300-400 (kg/m3) is used for thermal insulation.
Density 500-900 (kg / m3) allows you to use for the construction of partitions and walls.
With a density of 1000-1200 kg / m3, concrete is used to make load-bearing walls.

Concrete has gained popularity in housing construction due to its properties:

Low thermal conductivity allows it to be used as a heat insulating substance.
Frost resistance can reach 150 cycles, among lightweight concretes only expanded clay concrete has greater durability.
High fire resistance.

Of the negative qualities for construction, hygroscopicity can be noted, which means that aerated concrete needs to be coated.

The hygroscopicity of aerated concrete requires isolation from moisture.

Preparation of gas silicate blocks indoors for plastering

In aerated concrete, the amount of cement is up to 60 percent, in gas silicate - no more than 14, lime is twice as much, the rest is sand. The percentage matters, because the more cement, the higher the strength, and the base must be stronger than the coating, otherwise it will peel off. That is, the decoration of the house must be done with a lime-cement composition.

When finishing, you need to remember that the base must be stronger than the coating.

The main function of plastering surfaces from gas silicate blocks is the formation of a vapor-tight barrier and limiting the absorption of moisture. To improve the adhesion of the coating to the base, the structural elements are coated with a deep penetration primer, the first layer is applied generously, preferably with an airbrush, after drying it is necessary to paint over again.

After priming, given that the gas silicate composition of the base is weak, it is necessary to carry out reinforcement to prevent the appearance of cracks.

The rough layer of reinforcement is made from the glue on which the blocks were laid; experienced craftsmen use tile glue for this, as a cheaper composition.

The use of glue instead of a conventional solution is associated with polymer additives in the composition, which provide strong bonding with a thin layer of the mixture.

After applying a thin layer of glue, 2-7 millimeters thick, a fiberglass mesh is embedded in it, which fixes the blocks and serves as a reliable base for the coating. The grid is superimposed on the applied glue with an overlap and is pressed with a spatula with teeth.

It is desirable to start applying the solution after 5-7 days, when the reinforced layer gains strength.

Plastering of gas silicate blocks inside the building: technologies used

Protection of gas silicate structures occurs in three stages:

1. Plastering with lime-cement mortar.

2. Priming.

3. Putty.

A lime-cement or lime-gypsum mortar with a thickness of not more than one centimeter is applied to the reinforced surface.

The technology of manual plastering is common, if the wall is large and uneven, beacons are installed and the applied layer is equalized with a wide rule.

The solution is kneaded in a bucket, small tank or trough, water is poured into the poured mixture and stirred to the required consistency, you need to cook a little, gypsum sets in 20 minutes, cement needs a little more time, so the amount should be sufficient to produce during this time. You can level immediately after throwing, the last step is grouting.

After finishing with a long rail, the evenness of the surface is checked, irregularities within 5-7 millimeters will be invisible.

Is it necessary to plaster the gas block from the outside

The need to protect the facade of aerated concrete is due to its properties:

Hygroscopicity will lead to the saturation of gas blocks with water, which in case of frost will cause the destruction of the structure.
Mechanical impact will cause chips, dents, cracks.
The material has a porous structure with open pores through which the circulating air carries away heat.
An unfinished aerated concrete house looks unpresentable.

For aerated concrete structures, the danger is the accumulation of moisture inside the blocks, which freezes during temperature changes and destroys the block from the inside. Therefore, the protection of external surfaces is mandatory, the method of protection by plastering is widely used for various reasons, one of which is the low cost of this technology.

Applicable materials for outdoor work

For the application of protective equipment from the outside, substances are required that have the following qualities:

permeable to water vapor;
not wet;
with good grip;
frost resistant.

The main types of mixtures for finishing aerated concrete outside:

Acrylic for aerated concrete, strengthen loaded structures, plinth.
Silicate, include liquid glass;
Silicone, based on organosilicon polymers, well suited for facades, but high price;
Gypsum mixture;
Lime-cement composition.

Do-it-yourself internal plastering of a gas block: a feature of the work

Due to the high hygroscopicity of the material, plastering inside the house has its own characteristics.

Plastering surfaces must necessarily include the process of reinforcement. It is recommended to use a fiberglass mesh that does not collapse in an alkaline environment.

The surface should be painted over with a deep penetration primer twice.

Apply a thin layer of plaster with a thickness of about 5 millimeters and drown the mesh in it. After drying, apply the main layer using beacons.

What is the best plaster

If vapor permeability is required for kitchen, bathroom or sauna rooms, mixtures of gypsum with perlite sand are used. Silicate is also suitable, however, it should be noted that such mixtures are incompatible with acrylic, silicone, latex materials.

For use on aerated concrete, cement-lime mixtures can be used, which do not require a primer on the walls.

Set of tools

Finishing aerated concrete surfaces requires the following tools:

Spatulas.
Scraper to remove dirt and debris.
Metal brushes.
Hammer, for knocking down irregularities, protruding mortar.
Sandpaper.
Brushes, rollers for priming.
Master OK.
Tank for mixing solution.
Mixer for preparing the solution.
Falcon, a shield where the mixture is applied.
Grater for grouting.
Poluterok.
The rule is to align the corners.

How to plaster: work progress

Ready-made mixtures are great for finishing, but have a high cost, therefore, for do-it-yourself work, a wall preparation technology is offered, after which you can safely use any composition.

For preparation, you will need tile adhesive, fiberglass mesh, deep penetration primer. It is necessary to level all the chips and cracks with a composition for laying aerated concrete blocks, then remove dust and debris from the wall with a cheek and paint over with a deep penetration primer twice.

The tile adhesive is diluted and applied to the surface with a thickness of 5 millimeters, the mesh is pressed on top with a notched trowel. When the layer is completely dry, plaster is applied in the usual way, any solution can be used.

The cost of this technology will be an order of magnitude less than when using ready-made plasters.

How long can you move on to the next stages of wall decoration

After the end, the beacons are removed, the resulting dents are subsequently sealed with putty.

To move on to the following types of finishes, you must wait for the walls to dry completely at a constant temperature. Drying will take about a month in the warm season so that temperature changes do not lead to cracking or peeling. It is undesirable to speed up the process; if necessary, a heater is used.

The interior and exterior decoration of the house is an important stage of construction work, the quality of which depends on the durability, comfort of living and the aesthetic appearance of the house. There are many modern materials and technologies for finishing work, but traditional methods do not lose popularity and are still relevant today. These methods allow you to achieve the desired results at low cost and labor intensity.

Useful video

Lightweight, practical, reliable, inexpensive cellular concrete has created competition for traditional building materials. But at the same time, we have to look for new finishing technologies, and the plastering of aerated concrete walls inside and outside the room requires special attention here. Many factors have to be taken into account: the unpresentable appearance of aerated concrete, the non-moisture resistance of foam blocks, shrinkage, and poor adhesion, so special requirements are put forward for plaster.

Next, we will analyze in detail how the technology of plastering walls made of aerated concrete and other cellular surfaces differs from finishing materials of high density, we will give step-by-step instructions, we will tell you what types of mixtures for blocks exist, how to prepare a solution with your own hands. We also picked up a few videos on how to do the plastering of aerated concrete walls with your own hands, video tips will help you avoid major mistakes when doing work.

Types of plasters for concrete, aerated concrete, foam blocks, expanded clay concrete, gas silicate blocks

Plaster is the most rational way to protect, level and finish surfaces made of foam concrete and gas blocks, only it will help to properly optimize the performance properties of the porous material:

improve heat and sound insulation;
protect against harmful chemical, biological and atmospheric influences;
prevent saturation of foam and aerated concrete with dust and hydrocarbon compounds, thereby preventing shrinkage, cracking;
provide good vapor barrier, oxygen exchange is a good prevention against the formation of fungi and mold;
improve hygroscopic characteristics;
protect against large temperature deltas;
prevent wear and mechanical damage to concrete blocks.

Good to know: According to the recommendations of professionals, the plaster of walls made of aerated concrete indoors should be twice as thick as the outer layer, it is better if the layer thickness is 40-50 mm indoors, and 20-30 mm outdoors. If the balance is disturbed, cracks will appear.

Watch how interior aerated concrete plastering is done, a video on preparing the base.

Block to block - discord

At the moment, there are two types of cellular concrete blocks, they differ in manufacturing technology:

Cast foam concrete blocks - the solution is poured into a special molding template-cassette, where it solidifies until completely cured. This method of production has significant disadvantages: when hardening in the open air, bumps and bumps form, and when pulling out their shapes, chips of edges and corners are not uncommon. To facilitate the excavation, the formwork is impregnated with special oil compounds that eat into the foam concrete, without contributing to the adhesive characteristics during plastering.
Saw foam blocks are distinguished by good geometry, as they are made of a large solid slab, which, after solidification, is sawn into segments. The edges are smooth, the surface is rough. Walls made of such blocks are much easier to plaster. Aerated concrete blocks are also made by sawing, but during the production process they are subjected to vibration in order to compact the material, accelerate the reactions inside the mortar and hardening. After unevenness and bubbles, they are carefully cut off from the surface with a string and the concrete block is placed in an autoclave for heat treatment. Plastering on aerated concrete for interior work and exterior decoration is much simpler than other cellular concrete blocks.

To improve the physical and mechanical characteristics of the blocks, expanded polystyrene is added to the working solution; at the output, it has an improved expanded polystyrene block

Good to know: In foam concrete blocks, air bubbles are closed, isolated (each separately), in aerated concrete products they are open, which worsens the resistance to heat transfer, reduces moisture resistance and frost resistance.

Properties of plaster for foam and gas blocks

Plaster for exterior and interior finishing of gas and foam concrete blocks should not interfere with the natural characteristics of the porous material. And first of all, vapor permeability should be taken into account. If this property is overlooked, condensation will accumulate between the wall and the plaster, and as a result, fungus and mold will develop. Therefore, plaster for gas and foam blocks should conduct air flows and water vapor well. And of course, the plaster must have high adhesion, otherwise it will simply peel off even from a well-prepared gas or foam concrete surface.

Important: Interior decoration in houses made of gas and foam concrete should be carried out in the first place, and only for the next season, facade work can be started. It is advisable to start all work only six months after the completion of construction, this period is enough for the building to shrink and the blocks to dry.

Wall plaster made of gas silicate blocks and foam concrete must fulfill two mutually exclusive requirements: be sufficiently vapor-tight to keep the indoor climate comfortable for life, and at the same time, conduct air and moisture well to protect the walls from microorganisms and fungal infection. In addition, if condensate accumulates between the layer of plaster and the wall of foam, aerated concrete, then after several cycles of freezing and thawing, the supporting structure will begin to collapse.

Types of cellular concrete used in modern construction

What kind of plaster for foam and aerated concrete blocks is better to choose

According to experts, for plastering walls made of foam and aerated concrete blocks, it is better to use ready-made dry mixes, sold in bags of 25-30 kg. They include additives and plasticizers that improve the physico-chemical characteristics of the solution, adhesive and vapor-permeable properties.

Table of plaster mixes for cellular concrete walls

Watch the lesson on how to make thin plaster walls from foam blocks with your own hands, the video will help you understand all the technological nuances of the process.

Special plaster for gas silicate blocks and foam concrete, developed by manufacturers taking into account all the characteristics of the material:

Sh-36 is a cement-based dry mix containing synthetic reinforcing fiber.
PROFIT CONTACT MN - cement-sand mortar with special additives, plaster for mechanized application.
Dali - universal plaster for foam and aerated concrete walls.
Mix mask - dry cement-quartzite plaster, improved with polymer additives.
ATLAS KB-TYNK is a lightweight wall mix for cellular concrete.

Aerated concrete wall plaster technology

The difference in the characteristics of gas and foam concrete blocks also implies differences in wall plastering technology. One general rule is that preference should be given to ready-made thin-layer, light plaster mixtures.

Training

In order for the facade and internal plaster of walls made of aerated concrete and concrete blocks to hold well and not peel off, the surfaces must be well cleaned of greasy and bituminous stains. Casting blocks should be treated with a coarse abrasive, while sawing blocks are rougher, so here you can get by with sandpaper only on slopes and corners.

The next step is the primer:

it is better to impregnate gas silicate walls with compounds with water-repellent additives, a primer for aerated concrete for plastering on an organosilicon base and alcohols as solvents;
foam concrete is recommended to be impregnated with emulsions from a mixture of polymers, deep penetration, which reduce the absorption characteristics of surfaces.

The soil must contain additives that prevent the formation and development of fungi and mold.

The grid can be strengthened on a quick-drying solution or on a dubel-mushroom

After processing the walls, we strengthen the reinforcing frame, it is rational to use polymer meshes resistant to an alkaline environment, the cell size depends on the thickness of the mortar layer. We expose beacons, we strengthen the corners with a special profile.

Note: If the plaster layer is up to 15 mm, then it can be applied in one step, but if it is thicker, then the process should be divided into 2 or more stages, 1 layer of mortar should be applied at the same time with a thickness of not more than 10 mm, subsequent - 20 mm each.

Spraying will increase the adhesive properties of the walls

Facade plaster for foam blocks

Optimum external plaster layer for foam concrete 15-20 mm. We moisten the walls well with water from a spray bottle. We dilute the mixture as indicated in the instructions on the package. For the first layer, you will need a solution of the consistency of liquid sour cream. We make a spray, a layer of 5-10 mm, let it stand a little, this will provide better grip.

The second layer is applied with a thick solution, it should not drain from the trowel. We throw the required thickness and draw out the solution with the rule. After 20-30 minutes, we overwrite small irregularities with a spatula.

Plaster for foam blocks inside

For better adhesion, inside the walls of foam blocks should be treated with an additional layer of soil. Remember that the inner plaster layer must be 2 times thicker than the outer layer, this is the only way to bypass the dew point at the plaster / block interface.

From bottom to top we apply the base layer of the solution, straighten the rule according to the beacons. We apply a thinner finish layer when the main one has dried up. It should not be thicker than 10 mm, the surface is leveled with floats, in circular motions, with effort.

Facade plaster for aerated concrete

Vapor-permeable plaster for aerated concrete is suitable here, a special ready-made mixture with a high content of gypsum, which also contains fine-grained perlite sand and lime paste. Mixes are universal, suitable for outdoor and indoor use.

Remember, the outer plaster layer is not recommended to be more than 20 mm. To finish the walls with your own hands, we throw a layer of mortar, level the rule along the lighthouses. When the solution sets, apply a thin layer up to 5 mm, and carefully smooth the surface for painting.

Aerated concrete plaster for outdoor use must be protected from getting wet, in regions with a humid microclimate this is especially true. To extend the life of the finish and the house as a whole, the exterior plaster for aerated concrete walls is treated with a protective layer of water repellent.

Plaster walls of aerated concrete indoors

Aerated concrete internal plaster is made with non-moisture resistant mixtures. In baths, bathrooms, pools - surfaces are treated with waterproofing materials, and only then the walls are plastered with moisture-resistant cement-based compounds.

Rough finish - apply the mixture on the prepared wall, leave for an hour, gently smooth it. Then you can proceed to the fine finish, on a well-prepared base layer, you can safely apply decorative plaster, stick tiles, putty for wallpapering.

The recipe for a plaster mix for aerated concrete from homemade

With large volumes of work, buying a ready-made mixture can be expensive, a do-it-yourself solution will be much cheaper. We offer a recipe for plaster for aerated concrete walls:

1 hour cement, not lower than M400;
3 hours of cut sandstone, fraction up to 3 mm (some craftsmen recommend using perlite sand);
1/3 lime dough.

Mix the dry ingredients thoroughly, add water and lime, bring the solution to a pasty state. Liquid soap can be added to the solution as a plasticizer.

We offer you to watch the final stage of plastering concrete walls with your own hands, the video demonstrates the pre-finishing.

In Russia, suburban construction is gaining more and more popularity. For this, blocks made of aerated concrete are used. Many Russians are attracted by their low price and good construction characteristics. Outwardly, aerated concrete blocks resemble porous rock, but have clear shapes with a smooth surface.

They are characterized by poor moisture resistance. To get rid of this serious drawback, aerated concrete walls are covered with a layer of plaster.

Those who decide to get a house from this material should know that in order to create a normal microclimate, you need to choose the right plaster components and the thickness of its layer applied to the walls.

Aerated concrete blocks

Such blocks are most suitable for low-rise construction. The walls erected from them have a number of significant advantages, for example, a small specific gravity, which ensures a higher construction speed and reduces the labor intensity of work.

Due to the porous structure of aerated concrete blocks, the microclimate in the building can be compared to the atmosphere of a wooden house. This is another property that makes aerated concrete popular. The material has excellent sound insulation.

It is believed that aerated concrete walls breathe. They let oxygen into the house, releasing water vapor and gases from it, formed by the natural processes of human life.

Like any other material, aerated concrete blocks have some disadvantages. The main one is the low parameters of the bending strength of the material, therefore, when building a house, these features must be taken into account. The foundation of the house must be monolithic, so the masonry must be reinforced with reinforcement through an equal number of rows. These works make it durable and more reliable.

The sequence of finishing works

It should be noted that they have a very high vapor permeability. In this they differ markedly from brick and foam concrete. Plastering of aerated concrete walls should be carried out taking into account the individual characteristics of the material.

Aerated concrete was originally used as a heater, and only after some time they began to build outbuildings and residential buildings from it. If the blocks are sufficient, then additional insulation is not needed. As for finishing, the interior walls of the house are finished first, and then the facade.

Many builders do the opposite. Taking advantage of the good weather, they perform on the facade of the house, and then proceed to its interior decoration. Plastering aerated concrete walls in this order is the most common and rather gross mistake that can lead to peeling of the finish from aerated concrete and the formation of numerous cracks.

Internal finishing works

Moisture is the enemy for any design. Aerated concrete walls are no exception. Water falling on them penetrates the porous structure of aerated concrete. Through the walls, it does not get inside the building and cannot damage the interior decoration, but reduces the protective characteristics of the house. Water from the pores of the material evaporates very slowly, and if the weather is rainy, then this process simply stops. Moisture accumulated inside the walls of aerated concrete significantly limits its natural ventilation and thermal insulation parameters. Plastering aerated concrete walls on both sides will help to avoid inconvenience. In addition to the protective function, it will also perform a decorative one.

There are several methods for finishing aerated concrete walls. The most common and affordable is plastering, which belongs to the technology of finishing vapor-proof materials.

The plastering of internal walls is not much different from ordinary finishing works. Before they begin, the wall must be well prepared. It is cleaned, leveled, and then a primer layer is applied, which must dry completely. Only after that you can start finishing work.

There is also mechanized wall plastering. When finishing in this way, the mixture lays down in a dense and even layer, but it is quite expensive and many Russians cannot afford it.

Finishing mixes

Manufacturers produce various ones. Their choice depends on the purpose of the room. For finishing a small living room, a standard mixture is used. Walls in rooms with a high percentage of moisture after finishing work are covered with a special primer, which perfectly resists the influence of water.

Novice home craftsmen need to know that the plaster applied to the aerated concrete surface must meet certain requirements. Some features of the material itself affect the finishing of aerated concrete walls. The blocks are strong, smooth and fit perfectly to each other at the joints, and this complicates the fixing of the mortar on the wall surface.

One of the main ones is vapor permeability. Simply put, the material must take and give away excess or missing moisture.

If the mixture is not properly selected, the following defects may occur:

The appearance of cracks on the internal and external surface of the building.
When the surface of the wall gets wet, a masonry silhouette may appear on it, which will disappear after drying.
Increased humidity in the rooms of the house, the appearance of an unpleasant odor.

The most popular plaster based on gypsum. It is easily diluted and after application and drying forms a smooth matte surface. The disadvantages include poor vapor permeability. Because of this, when precipitation occurs, the surface of the walls quickly gets wet, which dry for a long time. Sometimes yellow spots may appear, traces of which can only be painted over.

The most expensive and most effective is acrylic facade plaster. It is only used in conjunction with fiberglass. It has good adhesion, vapor permeability and excellent appearance. The disadvantages include the fact that only an experienced craftsman can work with this mixture. Only he can create a perfectly flat facade of the building.

How much does wall plastering cost? The price depends on the cost of mixtures and ranges from 236 to 550 rubles per 1 m². An important role is played by the manufacturer and the volume of containers.

The plaster must first be applied to the wall and only after an hour to start leveling. Next, the mixture should dry out during the day. The second layer, which makes the wall perfectly even, is applied to the already dried surface slightly moistened with water. After complete drying, the wall can be painted with a special paint for aerated concrete blocks. Remember that plastering interior walls is a demanding job that requires full concentration and patience. Only then will you get the expected final result.

Developers need to remember that you should not save on building and finishing materials. Cheap aerated concrete blocks made in a handicraft way will not be saved even by very high-quality plaster - it simply will not be able to gain a foothold on them.

Facade finishing

It is necessary to plaster the surface immediately after the construction of aerated concrete walls in order to protect the walls from all external factors. Otherwise, under the influence of temperature differences and precipitation, cracks form.

Cement plaster walls in this case will not work. Outside, aerated concrete walls are finished in the following sequence:

The facade is cleaned of dirt and dust.
A special primer for cellular concrete is applied.
An armored mesh made of fiberglass is attached.
Porous plaster is applied to the walls.

The reinforcing mesh is attached with self-tapping screws. When choosing it, it must be remembered that the mesh must have sufficient resistance to the effects of an alkaline environment. If this is not observed, then during the finishing work, the mesh may dissolve under a layer of plaster.

The mesh made of galvanized steel must be covered with a protective layer, because after a while it collapses under the influence of corrosion.

Plastering walls with gypsum plaster outside the building should protect it from the harmful effects of moisture, so the mixture must have water-repellent properties.

The material used for the construction of walls is gas permeable, so the plaster used must also comply with this parameter. And taking into account the harsh climate in most regions of Russia, it must be frost-resistant and have good compressive strength. To do this, manufacturers add protective synthetic components to the facade plaster, which looks like a dry mix.

Preparatory work

Plastering of walls with gypsum plaster is carried out after certain preparatory work:

Walls under plaster are cleared of dirt and dust.
Existing defects are filled with special glue.
Plastic corners are installed on corners and slopes.
Beacons are installed, which control the evenness of the walls.
The wall is wetted with water.

Facade and internal plastering of aerated concrete walls must be carried out at a temperature not lower than +10 °C.

Solution preparation

Plaster mortar is quite easy to make. A certain amount of water is added to the finished mixture. For optimal consistency, 0.2 liters of water per 1 kg of the mixture will be required.

The solution is thoroughly mixed. You can do this manually or use an electric drill with a special nozzle. After 15 minutes, the prepared solution must be mixed again. If the consistency does not suit you, then you can add more water or a mixture. The prepared solution should be used within an hour, otherwise it will lose all its properties.

Finishing work

The mixture is applied to aerated concrete walls with a trowel or a small straight thin board. Small sections of the wall can be leveled with a 30 cm steel trowel. High-quality, control leveling of the plaster is carried out with a ruler 80 cm long. Excess plaster removed from the wall surface can be reused.

If the estimated layer of plaster exceeds 7 mm, then the work on finishing the wall is carried out in two stages.

According to this scenario, work is underway to apply plaster on aerated concrete walls. Works should not pose unsolvable questions to the home master. The most important thing is to take into account the recommendations of experienced craftsmen and follow their instructions, then the developer will be able to protect his home from adverse consequences. Pay attention to the picture on the left - this is the plaster of the walls. The photo shows one of the moments of work.

Problems Caused by Improper Finishing

If during the work the rules were violated or the mixture was incorrectly selected, after some time various defects will appear on the surface of the wall.

They can appear as small cracks in the finished surface or swelling. Vertical cracks may appear on the facade, peeling of the plaster may begin.

Defects must be repaired immediately. This will increase the final cost of wall plastering and prove once again that it is necessary to use high-quality building and finishing materials from the very beginning.

Mechanical plaster walls

Mechanized wall plastering is the process of making and applying a mixture using special equipment. These machines greatly simplify heavy physical work. With their appearance, there was no need to perform finishing work manually.

The machines not only facilitated the work of plasterers, but also raised the quality of the work performed to a new level. Even an experienced craftsman cannot always prepare a solution of a mixture of a homogeneous consistency, and then distribute it over the entire surface. The work takes place in stages: the solution is mixed, placed on the wall, leveled. As a result, part of the wall has already dried up, another has begun to dry out, and plaster is still being applied to the third. This does not guarantee the final high quality finish.

When mechanizing work, the plaster is applied evenly and quickly. The time spent on work is noticeably reduced. The machine applies the prepared mixture faster, which allows you to use larger rules. Aerated concrete wall is more even.

Mechanized wall plastering allows you to reduce the time to complete the work and save the amount of the mixture.

The advantage of mechanized plastering of walls and facades:

Reduced plastering time.
Savings on material cost.
Loss of material is reduced by 5 times.
High quality.
The service life is increased.

Mechanical plastering of walls, the price of which depends on the amount of work, ranges from 300 to 580 rubles per 1 m². It guarantees a high quality finish. It all depends on the developer and his financial capabilities.

Outcome

Aerated concrete country house can be plastered independently. You should correctly use the advice of experienced craftsmen, choose the mixture correctly, perform all the finishing work, adhering to the sequence described in this article. The result is a beautifully plastered nice house.

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