Also high sound insulation and naturalness. Classification of soundproof materials

Modern soundproofing materials

Room acoustics: sound insulation and sound absorption

Our house is filled with sounds. This is the murmur of water pouring from the tap, and the hiss of a frying pan on the stove, and the creak of doors, and the shuffling of slippers, and the polyphony of working household appliances (refrigerator, vacuum cleaner, washing machine, music center, TV, air conditioning systems and forced ventilation), and much more. . Sounds from the street and from neighbors bring their note to the general choir. All this together forms the so-called household noise. Speaking of it, they mean not individual sounds, each of which is characterized by its own amplitude and frequency, but their whole spectrum in the frequency range perceived by our ear.

The concept of "room acoustics" is firmly rooted in the terminology of architectural and design projects. In practice, it involves solving two interrelated problems: protecting the room from sounds from outside and ensuring the high-quality propagation of useful sounds inside it. Both involve reducing the energy of sound waves, but the first - when they pass through an obstacle (this is called sound insulation), and the second - when reflected from an obstacle (sound absorption).

Until now, the acoustics of housing in Russia have not been dealt with enough. Firstly, for reasons of economy (according to the specialists of the design company "SVENSONS", in this way the cost of construction was reduced by more than 30%). Secondly, due to the lack of control over compliance with regulatory characteristics for the acoustics of residential premises. Moscow city building codes 2.04-97 "Permissible levels of noise, vibration and requirements for sound insulation in residential and public buildings" published in 1997 and accepted for use in the capital can be considered a practical step towards eliminating these causes.

Manufacturers of acoustic materials are intensively expanding their product range. Through the efforts of such companies as the French SAINT-GOBAIN (ECOPHON factories in Sweden and ISOVER in Finland), the Danish ROCKWOOL, the Finnish PAROC, the Dutch THERMAFLEX, the American DOW CHEMICAL Co., the Italian IDEX, the Portuguese IPOCORC, as well as the manufacturers of acoustic false ceilings - American ARMSTRONG , USG, German AMF, domestic "ACOUSTIC MATERIALS", "SILIC", "EST", joint Russian-German TIGI-KNAUF, "FLIDERER-CHUDOVO" and a number of others - our market is gradually filled with building materials of this direction.

Airborne noise and structural noise

There are two types of noise according to the nature of its distribution in the room: airborne noise and structural noise. In the first case, the vibrations created, for example, by the speakers of a working TV, cause sound waves in the form of air vibrations. Outdoors, this type of noise prevails. The first 16 rows of our table list the most common sources in everyday life, the noise from which exceeds the standard level (40 dBA in the daytime, 30 dBA at night - according to SNiP II-12-77).

Noise can also be caused by mechanical action, such as moving furniture across the floor or driving a nail into a wall. Such noise is called structural. It "works" according to the following scheme: the vibration of the floor from our steps is transmitted to the wall, and its vibrations are heard in the next room. The most unpleasant structural noise is shock. It usually propagates long distances from the source. For example, a knock on a central heating pipe on one floor is heard on all the others and is perceived by the residents as if its source were very close by. The last 4 rows of the table contain the characteristics of the sources of just such noise.

Some household appliances are sources of both types of noise. For example, a forced ventilation system. Airborne noise penetrates into the room through air ducts, and structural noise occurs as a result of vibration of the walls of the fan protective casing and the air ducts themselves.

Sources of domestic noise

Noise source Noise level, dBA Music Center TV set Conversation (calm) baby crying Piano playing Vacuum cleaner operation Washing machine operation Refrigerator operation Electric floor polisher operation Shaver operation Operation of forced ventilation Air conditioner operation Water flowing from a faucet 44-50 Bath filling 36-58 Filling the tank in the bathroom 40-67 Cooking on the stove 35-42 Elevator movements 34-42 The sound of the elevator door being closed 44-52 The sound of a closed garbage chute 42-58 Knocking on the central heating pipe 45-60

Sound and noise

In conversations, two words that are close in meaning are often used: “sound” and “noise”. Sound is a physical phenomenon caused by the oscillatory motion of the particles of the medium. Sound vibrations have a certain amplitude and frequency. So, a person is able to hear sounds that differ in amplitude by tens of millions of times. The frequencies perceived by our ear range from 16 to 20,000 Hz. The energy of sound is characterized by intensity (W/m 2 ) or sound pressure (Pa). Nature has endowed us with the ability to hear thunder and the slightest rustle of leaves. To evaluate such different sounds, the sound intensity level indicator L and special units of measurement - decibels (dB) are adopted. By the way, the human hearing threshold corresponds to a sound pressure of 2*10 -5 Pa or 0 dB. As for noise, it is a chaotic, discordant mixture of sounds that negatively affects the nervous system.

The sensitivity of the human ear to very low and very high frequencies is worse than to speech frequencies (500-4000 Hz). When measuring, this feature of hearing must be taken into account. The sound level meter uses a special "A" scale with units of measurement "decibel A" (dBA). In the speech range, they almost coincide with ordinary decibels.

The physiological characteristic of sound is its loudness. A decrease in the sound intensity level L by 10 dB is subjectively felt as a decrease in volume by 2 times, and by 5 dB - as a decrease in volume by a third. The human body reacts differently to noise of different levels and frequency composition. In the range of 35-60 dBA, the reaction is individual (according to the type "interferes - does not interfere"). Noise levels of 70-90 dBA with prolonged exposure lead to a disease of the nervous system, and with L more than 100 dBA - to a decrease in hearing acuity of varying severity, up to the development of complete deafness.

Noise isolation methods

There are two ways to rid your hearing of unwanted sounds: by reducing the noise level of the source or by placing a barrier in the path of acoustic waves. When choosing household appliances, it is advisable to focus on those whose own noise during operation does not exceed 40 dBA.

The level of noise penetrating from the outside is limited already at the construction stage. This is achieved as a result of compliance with regulatory requirements for soundproofing residential premises. "Noisy" areas (kitchen, bathroom, toilet) are combined into separate blocks bordering on staircases or similar blocks of neighboring apartments. If the main sources of noise are outside the dwelling, but there is still no desired silence, special attention should be paid to additional sound insulation of the structures that enclose the premises from the side, top and bottom. These most often include:

dividing walls and partitions;

floors and ceilings, including their joints with walls and partitions;

window blocks, interior and balcony doors;

as well as equipment and utilities built into walls and ceilings that contribute to the spread of noise.

The soundproofing ability of enclosing structures used in construction is estimated by the averaged values ​​of the soundproofing indices R w and L nw . For houses of category "A" (the highest) they should be 54 and 55 dB, respectively, for houses of category "B" - 52 and 58 dB, and, finally, for houses of category "C" - 50 and 60 dB.

Airborne noise protection on the side

Any room is limited by walls, which are barriers to sound waves. These structures are of two types: single-layer, more often monolithic (brick, reinforced concrete, stone and others), and multi-layer, consisting of sheets of different materials. You can increase the sound insulation of fences in the following ways:

make sure that the sound wave cannot make the barrier oscillate, while transmitting sound into the room;

to achieve absorption and dissipation of the energy of the sound wave inside the building envelope.

The first way requires that the barrier be either massive (heavy) or rigid. The second is implemented using multilayer structures made of porous and fibrous materials. The heavier and thicker the monolith and the higher the frequency of sound, the less the wall vibrates, and, therefore, its soundproofing ability is better. However, the relationship between these parameters is not direct. So, a concrete wall of a fairly common thickness of 140 mm provides sound insulation of only 39 dB at a frequency of 300 Hz, and about 60 dB at a frequency of 1600 Hz. Increasing the value of the index R w by increasing the mass of the structure is not as effective as it seems. If a half-brick plastered wall (150 mm thick) gives sound insulation of 47 dB, then a brick-thick plastered wall - only 53-54 dB. In other words, doubling the mass will improve sound insulation by only 6-7 dB.

The multilayer structure consists of sheets of different materials, between which there may be an air cavity. In such a structure, vibrations decay faster than in a homogeneous material. The soundproofing properties of a "layered" partition of relatively low density are comparable to those of a monolithic wall. So, a partition 150 mm thick with a 40 mm layer of mineral wool filler and an air cavity of 100 mm, sheathed on the outside with double plasterboard sheets 12.5 mm thick each, will provide sound insulation R w \u003d 52 dB. This is quite enough to protect against noise generated by sources common in everyday life.

Glossary

Acoustics (in the practical sense of the word) - the doctrine of sound waves in the frequency range perceived by the human ear (from 16 Hz to 20 kHz). In relation to the room, there are architectural acoustics, the subject of which is the propagation of useful sound waves in the room, and building acoustics, which isolates the room from the penetration of sounds from outside.

Soundproofing - reduction of the sound pressure level when the wave passes through the barrier. The effectiveness of the enclosing structure is evaluated by the airborne noise insulation index R w (averaged in the range of the most characteristic frequencies for housing - from 100 to 3000 Hz), and the efficiency of the floors - by the reduced impact noise index under the floor L nw . The more R w and less L nw , the better the sound insulation. Both quantities are measured in dB.

Sound absorption - reduction of the energy of the reflected sound wave when interacting with an obstacle, for example, with a wall, partition, floor, ceiling. It is carried out by dissipating energy, its transition into heat, excitation of vibrations. Sound absorption is evaluated by the average in the frequency range 250-4000 Hz and denoted by the sound absorption coefficient a w . This coefficient can take a value from 0 to 1 (the closer to 1, the higher the sound absorption).

Acoustic materials - building products (most often in the form of sheets, slabs, mats or panels) designed to change the nature of the propagation of sound waves in a room. Contribute to comfortable reproduction of sounds in accordance with the peculiarities of human hearing. They are divided into sound-absorbing and sound-insulating, the latter being intended for isolation from either airborne or structure-borne noise.

Sound absorbing materials

As a filler, glass fiber boards from ISOVER and PFLEIDERER, mineral wool from ROCKWOOL and PAROC, as well as acoustic materials with a layered or cellular structure from other companies are most often used. By themselves, these products do not save the room from the penetration of noise, but included in the partition, they can improve its soundproofing ability. The higher the sound absorption coefficient aw of the material used, the better the insulating properties.

The material can be either natural - mineral origin (basalt wool, kaolin wool, expanded perlite, foamed glass, fireclay) or vegetable (cellulose wool, reed board, peat insulating board, linen tow mat, cork sheet), or synthetic gas-filled plastic (polyester foam , polyurethane foam, polyethylene foam, polypropylene foam, etc.). The most durable mineral wool from rocks (most often basalt). Among its additional advantages, PAROC EXPORT managers name hydrophobicity, fire resistance, vapor permeability and environmental safety. But fiberglass, according to the specialists of the company "SAN-GOBAIN ISOVER", allows you to make much lighter boards than from mineral wool. Mold and pests in such materials do not start. A feature of expanded polystyrene is low vapor permeability (40-70 times less than that of mineral wool). As a result, the movement of steam to the outside is complicated, and when the humidity of the room is high, forced air conditioning is required (to prevent dampening of the walls).

One example of multi-layer structures mounted on an existing wall for additional sound insulation is fairly light ZIPS panels measuring 500 x 1500 mm. In some cases, with their help, it is possible to increase the index R w of the interior partition by 8-13 dB. Each panel consists of alternating, different in thickness layers of dense gypsum-fiber and soft mineral-fiber (fiberglass) sheets. The total thickness of the structure is 70-130 mm. Specialists of ACOUSTIC MATERIALS claim that after installing ZIPS-Super panels on a one-brick wall, the roar of a neighboring discotheque, previously comparable in noise level to constantly slamming elevator doors, will decrease to 40 dBA acceptable for housing in the daytime.

It is better to entrust the selection of sound-absorbing materials, the calculation of the number and thickness of sheets, as well as the size of the air cavity to a specialist. Only in this case, the effectiveness of soundproofing the premises will be maximum with the investment.

Sound-absorbing materials for multilayer sound-insulating structures

Manufacturer	Name	Length, width, thickness, mm	Density, kg/m 3	Coefficient aw	Price 1 m 2, $
ISOVER (Finland)	Plate KL-E (fiberglass)	1220 x 560 x 50 (100)		0,8-0,9	From 1
"FLIDERER- CHUDOVO" (Russia)	Plate P-15-P-80 (fiberglass)	1250x565x50	15-80	0,8-0,9	From 1.2
ROCKWOOL (Denmark)	Mat Rollbatts (mineral wool)	4000x960x50			10,45
PAROC (Finland)	IL board (mineral wool)	1320 x 565 x 50 1170x610x50
"MINERAL WOOL" (Russia)	Plate "Shumanet-BM" (mineral wool)	1000x600x50		0,95
"ECOWAT" (Russia)	Sprayed cellulose wadding layer	Layer thickness 42-70*			From 1.5
DOW CHEMICAL Co. (USA)	Styrofoam Sheet (Styrofoam)	1200x600x20-120			From 8.5

* - the area is not limited.

Protection of the room from the penetration of noise from above and below

The soundproofing of the room from below and from above is determined by the interfloor overlap. However, to protect against structure-borne noise, it would have to be made too thick and heavy. As an additional sound insulator, you can mount a suspended or false ceiling ("Ideas for your home" N 5 for 2001, article "Ceilings for the most practical"). But between the bottom plate and the floor covering (parquet, linoleum, laminate, carpet), an intermediate elastic substrate is usually laid. It will noticeably reduce the noise of your steps, for which, by the way, the neighbor from below should be grateful to you.

Of course, in this case, not everything is clear. Thus, the index of additional sound insulation R w of acoustic suspended ceilings does not exceed 8 dB, and even then without taking into account the influence of structural noise. Manufacturers instead of this indicator give the value of the sound insulation coefficient D ncw, which has a much higher value, but most often is not applicable to residential premises.

A soundproof floor is much more efficient. It can be mounted on logs or on an elastic ("floating") base. Impact noise is reduced by using a substrate made of various materials. For example, from the polymer-bitumen membrane Fonostop Duo (INDEX company), technical cork up to 8 mm thick from IPOCORC or Regupol sheets made of crumb rubber and polyurethane (REGUPEX). A concrete screed 30-50 mm thick is made from above, and a fine floor covering is already laid on it. Due to the low modulus of elasticity of the substrate material, the propagation of impact noise drops sharply.

TIGI-KNAUF offers its soundproof "pie". Various combinations of its layers in combination with a 20-30 mm thick polystyrene sheet make it possible to change the L nw index by 20-30 dB for vibrations with a frequency of 150-3000 Hz. On average, a "floating" floor is able to reduce this index by 8-33 dB for the most common household noises with frequencies from 150 to 3000 Hz.

When escaping the noise, you may encounter many unexpected problems. For example, when laying linoleum with a felt base directly on a reinforced concrete slab 220 mm thick, the sound insulation from below often even deteriorates by 1-3 dB. The culprits of the trouble are resonant phenomena. Professional acoustics take into account such "pitfalls". In multi-storey buildings, cushioning material is always used to combat impact noise. With its help, the joints of the load-bearing elements are protected. Quite effectively, say, rolled Supersil silica fiber 6 mm thick. According to NIISF data, it makes it possible to reduce the L nw index by 27 dB. The fiber is universal, because it also has good sound absorption. It is also convenient to use Regupol synthetic tape as a cushioning material.

When choosing all these products for thickness, strength and durability, you must be especially careful and careful. The fact is that elastic gaskets reduce the rigidity of the fence structure. So that your home does not come close in strength to a house of cards, it is still better to carry out additional measures to isolate impact noise with the help of an acoustics specialist.

Soundproof cushioning materials

Manufacturer	Name	Length, width, thickness, mm	Density, kg/m 3	Index Lnw , dB	Price 1 m 2, $
"SILIKA" (Russia)	Mat Supersil (silica fiber)	30000x920x6-20

Sleep badly and feel uncomfortable? Have you become annoyed for any reason? The best soundproofing materials for an apartment will help you cope with your problems and create the conditions for a good rest.

The reasons for poor sound insulation are:

• inadequacy of the construction of the house to the norms-standards;
• fencing failures. Voids and gaps reduce sound insulation;
• noise beyond measure in the apartments of neighbors or from the street from the outside.

Every owner of an apartment or house makes every effort to solve the inconvenience of everyday life and protect himself from unnecessary noise. Soundproofing is required to create comfortable living conditions, both in your home and to avoid conflicts. Active games for children, home theater, musical instruments - a partial list of objects and related activities for scandals.

To determine the choice of raw materials, it is necessary to establish the type of noise.

Distinguish:

• Air. Sounds transmitted from the outside by air: busy traffic, deafening music, industrial enterprises.
• Shock. Drilling walls, driving nails during repairs. However, specially designed insulation is necessary when carrying out systematic work using a jackhammer.
• Structural. The road transmits vibration to the walls of the apartment, converting it into decibels.

Attention! Noise from the motorway reaches 70 dB.
Soundproofing materials absorb sounds from the outside or prevent the spread from the apartment. It is required to find a suitable material for the interior of the room.

What to look for when choosing sound-absorbing material for your home?

When performing soundproofing work, the following should be taken into account:

• Room dimensions.

For small rooms - a children's room or a bedroom - a drywall sheet is suitable, which will not reduce the usable area. In spacious rooms, sound-absorbing multi-layer structures are installed in a special frame, which occupy a lot of space. Styrene, mineral wool or kraft cardboard.

• The purpose of the room.

Materials suitable for the bedroom should not be used in the kitchen, which is characterized by high humidity and temperature fluctuations. Select stable insulating materials.

• Invoice.

Its use in monolithic concrete houses differs from frame buildings. The quality of sound insulators depends on the price.

• Invoice quote.

It is required not only to correctly combine sound insulators and soundproofing materials, but also to take into account their qualitative properties. The purpose of the texture is the interior decoration of premises, therefore substances harmful to health are excluded from the composition: bitumen and lead, mercury and formaldehydes, volatile resins, EPDM compounds and volatile resins.

• Sealing joints and cracks.

The structures require integrity and solidity. Therefore, eliminate all unnecessary holes and holes. Unsealed connection, uninsulated air pipes, risers and sockets reduce sound insulation. Sealing joints with soft mastic or sealant.

• Qualified installation.

To achieve an effective result, competent mounting is required. Qualified workers in soundproofing, repair and decoration will come to the rescue. It is important that soundproofing based on design ideas matches the interior inside the apartment or house and does not interfere with engineering communications.

Popular firms

They choose soundproofing materials not only for the price, but also, focusing on the distinctive features of the structure, installation. The construction market offers a wide range of products. Particularly popular are the products of domestic and foreign manufacturers:

• MaxForte (Russia);
• Isover Ecophon (Sweden, Finland);
• Wolf Bavaria (Germany);
• Acoustic Group (Russia);
• Acoustic Wool (Ukraine);
• Mappy (Italy);
• Rockwool (Denmark);
• Techno Sonus (Russia);
• Texdecor (France);
• TechnoNikol (Russia).

Rating of high-quality soundproofing materials

Popular with consumers:

Blocks out 95% of noise, especially impact type. It is recommended to cover the walls without leaving cracks and gaps. The main thing is that the dimensions of the room allow installation work.

Advantages:

• Not combustible;
• universal application: for walls, floor, ceiling;
• durable.

Disadvantages:

• Hygroscopicity. Prevents use in rooms that are damp and humid;
• multilayer styling;
• the need to monitor the integrity of the edges.

Price - 773 rubles per pack.

cork cover

A novelty among building materials.

Advantages:

• moisture resistant;
• a variety of shades;
• environmentally friendly;
• antistatic;
• resistant to fungus and mold.

Disadvantages:

• not a budget option;
• flammable;
• subject to mechanical stress;
• burn out;
• difficulty in dismantling.

Price - 360 rubles per pack (2m2).

Termozvukoizol

Three-layer noise insulator. Inside there is a fiberglass canvas, the outer coverings are made of propylene. It is characterized by dense stitching of layers.

Termozvukoizol

Advantages:

• ecologicaly clean;
• easy to mount;
• fireproof;
• not susceptible to moisture and high temperatures;
• low thermal conductivity;
• not afraid of rodents and insects.

Disadvantages:

• makes it difficult to work during installation due to the large dimensions and thickness of the layer;
• installation is time consuming;
• not suitable for the ceiling.

The price for 1 roll (15 m2) is from 2,800 rubles to 4,800 rubles, depending on the brand.

About the advantages of using this material and the features of use - in the video:

polyurethane foam

Good sound insulator. The grooves provide a high degree of adhesion to the tightness of the surfaces.

polyurethane foam

Advantages:

• resistant to burning;
• non-toxic;
• not hygroscopic;
• neutral to the action of acids and alkalis;
• easy;
• long service life.

Disadvantages:

• susceptible to sun exposure;
• applied to dry and warm coating;
• darkens during use.

The price of PPU sandwich panels is from 1,138 rubles per m2.

Natural raw materials. Based on wood fibers. Dimensions 2.7×1. 2 m speed up the mounting process. One side without roughness, completely suitable for processing. The texture is able to make the walls even.

Advantages:

• environmentally friendly, does not cause individual intolerance;
• gives additional strength and rigidity to the structure;
• long service life;
• easy to install;
• easily cut with a knife.

Disadvantages:

• high price;
• you will not find in any store of building materials;
• not resistant to moisture.

Price - 630 rubles per sheet (3.24 m2).

More about the characteristics of the material - in the video:

A variation of kraft board incorporating wax paper and wood fibers. Excellent noise resistance up to 23 dB. A small thickness (1.2 cm) leaves the useful meters of the apartment almost unchanged. Bonding panels to wall surfaces.

Advantages:

• easy;
• high strength;
• cheap;
• convenient to use;
• frame is not required;
• eco-friendly.

Disadvantages:

• not suitable for rooms with high humidity;
• combustible;
• susceptible to attack by rodents and insects.

Price - from 25 rubles per kilogram.

MaxForte SoundPRO

This is the latest soundproofing material, produced in the form of a roll measuring 1.4x5 m. Its thickness is only 12 mm, while it is able to provide a high level of protection against shock and airborne noise. A specially laid aluminosilicate fiber provides such high performance. A significant property of this material is its complete incombustibility, which is confirmed by the appropriate certificate.

MaxForte SoundPRO

Disadvantages:

• Sold in rolls, cannot be bought by the meter;
• It is impossible to buy in retail stores, only through the manufacturer;
• High price.

Cost - 1090 rubles per 1 sq.m.

You can see how the material is mounted in the video:

A system without a frame for walls and ceilings, which includes sandwich panels. Attached to the wall. Models differ in layers: dense, light.

panel zips

Advantages:

• quick and easy installation;
• fire resistance;
• eco-friendly;
• produced from domestic materials;
• vibration neutralizer;
• finishing is possible.

Disadvantages:

• installation only on a flat surface;
• difficulty in wiring and installing sockets;
• inconvenient to use, can not withstand a weight of more than 5 kg;
• a large number of mounts affects the acoustic properties in the worst way.

The average price per panel is 1062 rubles.

Texound

New soundproof popular material. As part of the felt and polymer coating. Looks like rubber. Application: floor, ceiling, walls.

Texound

Advantages:

• a thickness of 3 mm allows you to save the useful footage of the room;
• flexible. Circular insulation is possible thanks to the material in the roll;
• range width from 28 dB. Considered one of the best;
• mass application not only in everyday life, but also in industry;
• is not subject to destruction;
• moisture resistant and resistant to temperature changes;
• long shelf life.

Disadvantages:

• sheet length - 5 meters;
• wall covering requires leveling and priming.

Price - 1320 rubles per meter.

Soundproofing for ceilings

Often it is not enough to stick the roll insulator. Cork or tile wallpaper will help solve simple problems. To soundproof the ceiling, you will have to give up the height of the apartment. The most effective technique is the construction of a ceiling structure.
Distinguish:

• stretch ceiling made of film or fabric, which is installed on pre-fortified brackets;
• false plasterboard ceiling. Mineral wool or other soundproofing material is placed in a metal frame attached to the ceiling;
• suspended ceiling. When installing the frame, soundproof fillers are used: cork, polyurethane foam blocks, coconut fibers, basalt wool cork. Closed with panels.

Practical video tips on installing ceiling soundproofing with your own hands:

Wall soundproofing

Before work, they inspect the wall and close up cracks and cracks. The fastest and most convenient way is to rub with cement. Pull out electrical outlets and check for voids. If necessary, lay with mineral wool, seal the hole with putty or cement before putting the outlet in place.

Soundproofing material and installation methods are selected according to the price, efficiency and quality of sound insulators, as well as the footage of the “eaten up” usable space.

A variety of textures are used for decorative soundproofing of walls. The construction services market provides a wide range of products. Are especially popular with consumers:

• drywall;
• soundproof panels;
• roll material.

Video instruction for working with spare parts panels for soundproofing walls:

Drywall installation

Assemble the frame. If the walls are thin, fix the profile on a rubber lining. Mineral wool or other material as a noise absorber is embedded in the prepared crate. The structure is covered with plasterboard sheets. Shpatlyuyut, finishing.

Assembling the soundproofing panel

With a perfectly even coating, the panel is installed immediately on the wall. Fastening thanks to the notch-protrusion lock or using construction adhesive. The problem of leveling the wall covering is solved in two ways: by assembling the frame, as is the case with mounting drywall or putty.

The panel installation is quite simple. No finishing required as surface coating is available. A variety of materials and colors: paper tapestries, fabric, wood or stone lamination.

Pasting of roll noise insulators

Save money and time. Convenient to use. Glue is used for dense vinyl or non-woven wallpaper. The work is not very difficult, the result is good for an inexpensive material. Rolled sound insulators cope with 60% of noise.

Sound insulation for partitions

As a rule, sheathing is used in two or three layers. Installation is carried out in various variations: drywall, plywood, glass-magnesite or gypsum-fiber sheet. The construction of 2 layers of plasterboard sheets with a sheet of gypsum fiber has not only massiveness, but also positive resonant properties. Vertical fastening of sheets with screws at a distance of 25 cm, so that the layers are connected with a shift. The joining of the plates is sealed with putty or silicone sealant.

More about soundproofing partitions - in the video:

Frameless coating

ZIPS panels, unlike a metal frame, are attached directly to the wall. They present a sandwich consisting of dense plasterboard sheets and a plastic sound absorber made of staple glass wool.

For adhesion of the plates, a tongue-and-groove joint is used, for strengthening - a vibration-proof assembly. Plus: the minimum "eaten" usable space. Cons: expensive.

"Knauf Insulation Acoustic Baffle"

Mineral wool insulation in the form of slabs or mats. Possess the strengthened elastic qualities. The special production technology is reflected in the degree of sound absorption.

The product is an excellent sound insulator. It is used as a soundproofing texture for frame-cladding partitions.

Noise isolation for musicians

Acoustic foam rubber creates sound comfort in music studios at home, apartments, private houses. Copes with strong echo, unintelligible speech, musical accompaniment.

FLEXAKUSTIK soundproofing boards from a domestic manufacturer, Acoustic Group, are in demand among consumers-musicians.

They are made of acoustic foam rubber based on polyurethane foam. The thickness and varied relief surface have a positive effect on the aesthetic appearance of the product, contribute to obtaining the desired sound effect.

Advantages:

• original relief coating;
• safe for health;
• easy to use: gluing;
• comfortable acoustic "stub" of the room.

Disadvantages:

• expensive.

The average price is 1460 rubles per m2.

Soundproofing for a summer residence

Which company is better to choose? Will the purchase affect the family budget? Will it completely solve the soundproofing issues? Consumers are looking for answers to these questions before choosing a quality texture for a country house. It is impossible to answer unambiguously, since each material has its own qualitative characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, and cost.

To avoid mistakes when choosing a product, one should take into account the suitability of the material for the intended purpose: absorption of airborne or impact sound. The first type corresponds to materials with a fibrous or granular base.

Advantages:

• inexpensive;
• lightweight;
• easy to mount.

Noise-insulating structures prevent extraneous noise from entering the apartment.

Disadvantages:

• massiveness;
• heavy weight;
• inconvenience in fastening.

Take into account the size of the rooms. In a small room - ultra-fast propagation of noise. Large-sized structures reduce useful footage.
Top Selling Materials
Do not go out of fashion:

• mineral wool and cork;
• sandwich panels ZIPS and Isoplat plates;
• panels for Kraft and Taxound walls.

Panels EcoSoundIzol

The production is based on quartz sand and a seven-layer cardboard profile. Acoustic mat thickness - 13 mm, weight up to 18 kg, sound insulation index - 38 dB.

Panels EcoSoundIzol

Advantages:

• frameless;
• stick on the wall;
• thin;
• are easily cut.

Disadvantages:

• heavy;
• during operation, the mineral filler may spill out.

Price - from 450 to 1500 rubles.

Mineral slabs Shumanet

Thin heavy soundproof membrane (made in Spain). It is used in soundproof structures of floors, ceilings, walls, partitions in rooms for various purposes.

Thin heavy soundproof membrane with a self-adhesive layer (made in Spain). It is used in soundproof structures of ceilings, walls, partitions in rooms for various purposes.

Combined soundproof membrane with a layer of acoustic felt (made in Spain). It is used in soundproof structures of ceilings, walls and partitions in rooms for various purposes.

price from 1 842.00 rub. FOR M 2

Thin boards made of compressed wood fiber sheet with a corrugated structure, filled with quartz sand. They are used as a layer in the construction of thin soundproof systems of walls, floors, ceilings to increase their effectiveness in rooms of all types.

Soundproofing panel with internal honeycomb structure filled with fine quartz sand. Produced from environmentally friendly natural resources. The Sonoplat Profi panel is used both for direct mounting directly on a leveled surface, and in frame soundproofing systems for rooms of any purpose.

Combined soundproofing panel for thin frameless soundproofing systems. The presence of an elastic light substrate in the composition of the combi-panel allows you to mount it directly on the leveled surface of the insulated wall or ceiling.

price 1 611.00 RUB. FOR M 2

thin soundproof panel for walls and partitions made of light building materials of small thickness (foam concrete, gypsum plaster, etc., 80-120 mm thick). The thickness of the sandwich panel is 30 mm. Additional sound insulation index ΔRw = 9 dB.

2

thin soundproof panel in the TM AcousticGyps line. Great for isolating quiet household noises from neighbors above and behind the wall, as well as for increasing the sound insulation index of interior partitions in an apartment, cottage, office. Sandwich panel provides effective attenuation of household noise. Additional sound insulation index ΔRw = 11 dB.

2

this modification of the panels is designed to enhance the soundproofing ability of walls and ceilings to the standard values ​​presented for residential and public premises. It is the most popular modification due to its high sound insulation performance, ease of installation and small thickness. Also suitable as an entry-level solution for commercial applications: bars, restaurants, home theaters. Additional sound insulation index ΔRw = 14 dB.

modification of panels with the highest rates of additional sound insulation in the line of TM "AcousticGyps". This modification of the panels provides additional sound insulation in rooms with a high level of noise. It is used in rooms that are located near facilities under construction or operating industries, recording studios, concert halls. Additional sound insulation index ΔRw = 18 dB.

price 1 528.00 rub. FOR M 2

an effective solution for additional sound insulation of interfloor ceilings in residential and public buildings. They are high quality floor tiles. In terms of application, they can be compared with traditional solid floor systems. The advantages of floor constructions using AcousticGyps Yoog 30 are low weight, as well as dry and fast laying (no time losses compared to the installation of self-leveling floors).

Versatile and multifunctional material with shock-absorbing and noise-absorbing properties. It is used for soundproofing floors, walls, ceilings and interfloor ceilings.

Mats made of super-thin fiberglass of the highest quality, pressed using a needle-punched method.

A line of thin viscoelastic materials based on elastomeric rubber (made in Italy). It is used in household and industrial equipment, ventilation communications, construction industry, residential and industrial buildings.

Universal material made of needle-punched fiberglass. It is used in soundproofing floors (including floors on logs and floating screeds), walls, ceilings and interfloor ceilings.

Sound-absorbing material in the form of slabs of softened staple fiber glass. It is used as a filler for inter-profile space in standard soundproofing systems: frame wall cladding, partitions and suspended ceilings.

High performance premium sound deadening material. Consists of basalt fiber, produced in the form of plates with a thickness of only 27 mm(density 65 kg / m 3). Due to the small thickness, it does not steal the usable area of ​​the room.

Sound-absorbing material in the form of slabs based on basalt fiber. It is used as a filler of the inter-profile space in standard soundproofing systems for walls, partitions and ceilings.

StopZvuk BP Floor - Professional non-combustible material for soundproofing floors in rooms of any type and for any purpose. Consists of the highest quality basalt fiber with a hydrophobic treatment. Is issued in the form of elastic plates 20 mm thick. (density 110kg/m3).

Sound-absorbing material in the form of plates based on polyester (synthetic) fiber. It is used as a filler of the inter-profile space in standard soundproofing systems for walls, partitions and ceilings.

Thin sound-absorbing material (thickness 20 mm) in the form of plates based on polyester (synthetic) fiber. It is used as a filler of the inter-profile space in standard soundproofing systems for walls, partitions and ceilings.

Acoustic principles are often misunderstood and, as a result, incorrectly applied in practice.

Much of what should be attributed to knowledge and experience in this area, in fact, often turns out to be incompetence. The traditional approach of most builders to soundproofing and correcting room acoustics is based on practice and experience, which often limit or even reduce the overall acoustic effect. Successful acoustic projects are generally devoid of misconceptions and pseudo-scientific conclusions, and their content is directed towards ensuring that the money and effort invested brings value and predictable results.

Listed below are some of the most common acoustic myths that we constantly come across when communicating with our customers.

Myth #1: Soundproofing and sound absorption are the same thing.

Facts: Sound absorption - reduction of the energy of a reflected sound wave when interacting with an obstacle, for example, with a wall, partition, floor, ceiling. It is carried out by dissipating energy, its transition into heat, excitation of vibrations. Sound absorption is evaluated using the dimensionless sound absorption coefficient αw in the frequency range 125-4000 Hz. This coefficient can take a value from 0 to 1 (the closer to 1, the higher the sound absorption). With the help of sound-absorbing materials, the conditions of audibility inside the room itself are improved.

Soundproofing - reduction of the sound level when sound passes through the fence from one room to another. The effectiveness of sound insulation is evaluated by the airborne noise insulation index Rw (averaged in the range of the most characteristic frequencies for housing - from 100 to 3000 Hz), and the interfloor ceilings are also evaluated by the index of the reduced impact noise level under the ceiling Lnw. The larger Rw and the smaller Lnw, the higher the sound insulation. Both quantities are measured in dB (decibel).

Advice: To increase sound insulation, it is recommended to use the most massive and thick enclosing structures. Finishing a room with sound-absorbing materials alone is ineffective and does not lead to a significant increase in sound insulation between rooms.

Myth #2: The higher the airborne sound insulation index Rw, the better the soundproofing of the fence.

Facts: The sound insulation index of airborne noise Rw is an integral characteristic that is used only for the frequency range 100-3000 Hz and is designed to assess household noise (colloquial speech, radio, TV). The higher the Rw value, the higher the sound isolation. exactly this type.
In the process of developing the methodology for calculating the Rw index, the appearance of home cinemas and noisy engineering equipment (fans, air conditioners, pumps, etc.) in modern residential buildings was not taken into account.
It is possible that a light frame partition made of plasterboard has an Rw index higher than that of a brick wall of the same thickness. In this case, the frame partition is much better at isolating the sounds of a voice, a working TV, a phone call or an alarm clock, but a brick wall will reduce the sound of a home theater subwoofer more effectively.

Advice: Before erecting partitions in a room, analyze the frequency characteristics of existing or potential noise sources. When choosing options for partition designs, we recommend comparing their sound insulation in one-third-octave frequency bands, and not Rw indices. For soundproofing low-frequency noise sources (home theater, mechanical equipment), it is recommended to use enclosing structures made of dense massive materials.

Myth #3: Noisy engineering equipment can be located anywhere in a building because it can always be soundproofed with special materials

Facts: The correct location of noisy engineering equipment is a task of paramount importance when developing an architectural and planning solution for a building and measures to create an acoustically comfortable environment. Sound-insulating structures and vibration-insulating materials can be very expensive. Despite this, the use of soundproofing technologies cannot always reduce the acoustic impact of engineering equipment to the standard values ​​in the entire sound frequency range.

Advice: Noisy engineering equipment must be located away from the protected premises. Many vibration isolation materials and technologies have efficiency limitations depending on the combination of weight and size characteristics of equipment and building structures. Many types of engineering equipment have pronounced low-frequency characteristics that are difficult to isolate.

Myth #4: Windows with double glazing (3 panes) have better soundproofing characteristics compared to windows with single pane glazing (2 panes)

Facts: Due to the acoustic coupling between the glasses and the occurrence of resonant phenomena in thin air gaps (usually they are 8-10 mm), double-glazed windows, as a rule, do not provide significant sound insulation from external noise compared to single-chamber double-glazed windows of the same width and total glass thickness. With the same thickness of double-glazed windows and the total thickness of glasses in them, a single-chamber double-glazed window will always have a higher value of the airborne noise insulation index Rw compared to a double-chamber one.

Advice: To increase the sound insulation of a window, it is recommended to use double-glazed windows of the maximum possible width (at least 36 mm), consisting of two massive glasses, preferably of different thicknesses (for example, 6 and 8 mm) and the widest possible distance bar. If a double-glazed window is still used, then it is recommended to use glass of different thicknesses and air gaps of different widths. The profile system should provide a three-circuit seal of the sash along the window perimeter. In real conditions, the quality of the porch affects the sound insulation of the window even more than the formula of the double-glazed window. It should be noted that sound insulation is a frequency-dependent characteristic. Sometimes an insulating glass unit with a higher Rw index value may be less effective than an insulating glass unit with a lower Rw index value in some frequency ranges.

Myth #5: The use of mineral wool mats in partition walls is enough to provide high sound insulation between rooms.

Facts: Mineral wool is not a soundproofing material, it can only be one of the elements of a soundproofing structure. For example, special acoustic mineral wool sound-absorbing boards can increase the sound insulation of plasterboard partitions, depending on their design, by 5-8 dB. On the other hand, facing a single-layer frame partition with a second layer of drywall can increase its sound insulation by 5-6 dB.
However, it must be remembered that the use of arbitrary heaters in soundproofing structures leads to a much smaller, smaller effect or no effect on soundproofing at all.

Advice: To increase the sound insulation of enclosing structures, it is highly recommended to use special acoustic mineral wool slabs due to its high sound absorption rates. But acoustic mineral wool must be used in combination with soundproofing methods, such as the installation of massive and / or acoustically decoupled enclosing structures, the use of special soundproofing fasteners, etc.

Myth #6: Soundproofing between two rooms can always be increased by building a partition wall with a high soundproofing index.

Facts: Sound propagates from one room to another not only through a separating partition, but also through all adjacent building structures and utilities (partitions, ceiling, floor, windows, doors, air ducts, water supply, heating and sewage pipelines). This phenomenon is called indirect sound transmission. All building elements require soundproofing measures. For example, if you build a partition with a sound insulation index Rw = 60 dB, and then mount a door without a threshold in it, then the total sound insulation of the fence will practically be determined by the sound insulation of the door and will not exceed Rw = 20-25 dB. The same thing will happen if you connect both isolated rooms with a common ventilation duct laid through a soundproof partition.

Advice: When erecting building structures, it is necessary to ensure a "balance" between their soundproofing properties so that each of the sound propagation channels has approximately the same effect on the total soundproofing. Particular attention should be paid to the ventilation system, windows and doors.

Myth No. 7: Multi-layer frame partitions have higher soundproofing characteristics compared to conventional, 2-layer partitions.

Facts: Intuitively, it seems that the more alternating layers of drywall and mineral wool, the higher the sound insulation of the fence. In fact, the sound insulation of frame partitions depends not only on the mass of the cladding and on the thickness of the air gap between them.

Various designs of frame partitions are shown in Fig. 1 and are arranged in order of increasing soundproofing ability. As an initial design, consider a partition with a double cladding of GKL on both sides.

If we redistribute the layers of drywall in the original partition, making them alternating, we will divide the existing air gap into several thinner segments. Reducing air gaps leads to an increase in the resonant frequency of the structure, which significantly reduces sound insulation, especially at low frequencies.
With the same number of GKL sheets, a partition with one air gap has the greatest sound insulation.

Thus, the use of the right technical solution in the design of soundproof partitions and the optimal combination of sound-absorbing and general building materials has a much greater impact on the final sound-proofing result than a simple choice of special acoustic materials.

Advice: To increase the sound insulation of frame partitions, it is recommended to use structures on independent frames, double or even triple cladding made of plasterboard, fill the interior of the frames with special sound-absorbing material, use elastic gaskets between guide profiles and building structures, and carefully seal the joints.
It is not recommended to use multilayer structures with alternating dense and elastic layers.

Myth #8: Styrofoam is an effective soundproofing and sound absorbing material.

Fact A: Styrofoam is available in sheets of various thicknesses and bulk densities. Different manufacturers call their products differently, but the essence of this does not change - this is polystyrene foam. This is an excellent heat-insulating material, but it has nothing to do with soundproofing airborne noise. The only construction in which the use of foam can have a positive effect on noise reduction is when it is laid under the screed in a floating floor structure. And even then this only applies to reducing impact noise. At the same time, the efficiency of a foam plastic layer 40-50 mm thick under the screed does not exceed the efficiency of most cushioning soundproof materials with a thickness of only 3-5 mm. The vast majority of builders recommend sticking foam sheets to walls or ceilings to increase sound insulation and then plastering. In fact, such a “soundproof structure” will not increase, and in most cases even reduce (!!!) the soundproofing of the fence. The fact is that facing a massive wall or ceiling with a layer of drywall or plaster using an acoustically hard material, such as expanded polystyrene, leads to a deterioration in the sound insulation of such a two-layer structure. This is due to resonance phenomena in the mid-frequency region. For example, if such a cladding is mounted on both sides of a heavy wall (Fig. 3), then the reduction in sound insulation can be catastrophic! In this case, a simple oscillatory system is obtained (Fig. 2) “mass m1-spring-mass m2-spring-mass m1”, where: mass m1 - plaster layer, mass m2 - concrete wall, spring - foam layer.

Fig.2	Fig.4
Fig.3

Rice. 2 ÷ 4 Deterioration of airborne sound insulation by the wall when installing additional cladding (plaster) on an elastic layer (polystyrene).

a - without additional lining (R'w=53 dB);

b - with additional lining (R'w=42 dB).

Like any oscillatory system, this design has a resonant frequency Fo. Depending on the thickness of the foam and plaster, the resonant frequency of this design will be in the frequency range of 200÷500 Hz, i.e. falls into the middle of the speech range. Near the resonant frequency, a sound insulation failure will be observed (Fig. 4), which can reach a value of 10-15 dB!

It should be noted that the use of materials such as polyethylene foam, polypropylene foam, some types of rigid polyurethanes, sheet cork and soft fiberboard in such a construction, and instead of plastering plasterboard boards on glue, plywood sheets, chipboard, OSB, can lead to the same deplorable result. .

Fact B: In order for the material to absorb sound energy well, it must be porous or fibrous, i.e. purged. Expanded polystyrene is a windproof material with a closed cell structure (with air bubbles inside). A layer of foam, mounted on a hard surface of a wall or ceiling, has a vanishingly low sound absorption coefficient.

Advice: When installing additional sound-proof linings, it is recommended to use acoustically soft sound-absorbing materials, for example, based on thin basalt fiber, as a damping layer. It is important to use special sound-absorbing materials, and not arbitrary heaters.

And finally, probably the most important misconception, the exposure of which follows from all the above facts:

Myth No. 9: You can soundproof a room from airborne noise by gluing or fixing thin, but "effective" soundproofing materials on the surfaces of walls and ceilings.

Facts: The main factor that exposes this myth is the presence of the soundproofing problem itself. If such thin soundproof materials existed in nature, then the problem of noise protection would be solved at the design stage of buildings and structures and would be reduced only to the choice of appearance and price of such materials.

It was mentioned above that in order to isolate airborne noise, it is necessary to use soundproof structures of the "mass-elasticity-mass" type, in which a layer of acoustically "soft" material, thick enough and having high values ​​of the sound absorption coefficient, would be located between the sound-reflecting layers. It is impossible to fulfill all these requirements within the total thickness of the structure of 10-20 mm. The minimum thickness of the soundproof lining, the effect of which would be obvious and tangible, is at least 50 mm. In practice, facings with a thickness of 75 mm or more are used. Sound insulation is higher, the greater the depth of the frame.

Sometimes "specialists" cite as an example the technology of soundproofing car bodies with thin materials. In this case, a completely different soundproofing mechanism works - vibration damping, effective only for thin plates (in the case of a car, metal). The vibration damping material must be viscoelastic, have high internal losses and have a thickness greater than that of the insulated plate. Indeed, in fact, although car sound insulation has a thickness of only 5-10 mm, it is 5-10 times thicker than the metal itself, from which the car body is made. If we imagine an inter-apartment wall as an insulated plate, then it becomes obvious that it will not be possible to soundproof a massive and thick brick wall using the "automobile" method of vibration damping.

Advice: The performance of soundproofing work in any case requires a certain loss of usable area and height of the room. It is recommended that you contact an acoustic specialist at the design stage to minimize these losses and choose the cheapest and most effective option for soundproofing your room.

Conclusion

There are many more misconceptions in the practice of building acoustics than described above. These examples will help you avoid some serious mistakes during construction or renovation work in your apartment, house, recording studio or home theater. These examples serve as an illustration of the fact that you should not unconditionally believe repair articles from glossy magazines or the words of an "experienced" builder - "... And we always do this ...", which are not always based on scientific acoustic principles.

A reliable guarantee of the correct implementation of a set of soundproofing measures that ensure the maximum acoustic effect can serve as well-composed acoustic engineer recommendations for soundproofing walls, floors and ceilings.

Andrey Smirnov, 2008

Bibliography

SNiP II-12-77 "Protection from noise" / M .: "Stroyizdat", 1978.
“Manual to MGSN 2.04-97. Design of sound insulation of enclosing structures of residential and public buildings "/- M .: GUP" NIATs ", 1998.
"Handbook on noise and vibration protection of residential and public buildings" / ed. IN AND. Zaborova. - Kyiv: ed. "Budivelnik", 1989.
"Designer's Handbook. Noise protection” / ed. Yudina E.Ya. - M .: "Stroyizdat", 1974.
"Guidelines for the calculation and design of sound insulation of enclosing structures of buildings" / NIISF Gosstroy of the USSR. - M.: Stroyizdat, 1983.
"Noise reduction in buildings and residential areas" / ed. G.L. Osipova / M.: Stroyizdat, 1987.