Sales of quail eggs. Quail farm: the business plan of the big players as food for thought

Many people say that it's time to start your own business. 25% of people go further than talking. Maybe it's time to move from words to deeds?

As a test, it is worth doing what people need daily. Spiritual food, clothes, appearance - these are all secondary, but you always want to eat. So let's talk about food.

Today, there is no more crowded niche than the production and sale of food products. In order to determine the direction in which it will be profitable to start your business, it is recommended to go shopping and explore what is in demand, but is offered little. And a novice businessman will understand that quail breeding is something that is in great demand, but is offered in limited quantities.

Why quail? Their main value is eggs, their benefits are so great that they will overshadow all similar products combined. Connoisseurs say that only paws and beak are not used anywhere in quails - everything else goes into business.

Products	Application
	contain a large amount of vitamins, are not allergic, activate the immune system, rejuvenate the skin. They are recommended to be eaten without restrictions as a dietary product.
	suitable for stuffing pillows
	it is a healthy dietary product, rich in vitamins, helps to actively work the gastrointestinal tract. If quails are bred specifically for meat, then it is especially in demand due to its high nutritional qualities.
	the most valuable organic fertilizer that can be used on the land
	The bones of the bird that the family ate for lunch can be ground to a state of flour in a mortar and used as a calcium supplement for other quails.

The foundation of an enterprise is the right business plan

It is not enough to know about the advantages of birds in order to run headlong to buy a batch of chicks for breeding. For the successful implementation of the planned plans, a business plan is needed, which will become a guide to action for a successful start.

The business plan does not have any specific structure; it should contain fundamental points and reflect the sequence of actions.

1. Goal setting

The goal of our future business is the production of quail meat and eggs. You can consider the problem on a narrower scale: the production of eggs, but the question remains open: where to put the meat? Therefore, as a trial ball on the first batch of poultry, it is appropriate to produce both eggs and meat.

2. Monitoring of start-up capital

A mature decision to breed quails will require an initial investment of 80,000 - 90,000 rubles. In six months, you can reach a net income of 30,000 rubles.

3. Market analysis for the production of quail meat and eggs from competitors

Analysis is essential to avoid wasting time producing eggs in a crowded market. Today, this niche is about 1/3 filled, so it may happen that in your area of ​​​​residence you will not have any competitors at all.

4. Action plan to complete the tasks

Premises for rent

Quails are considered small poultry, they can be placed in large numbers in a small area, so at the initial stage you need to find a small room. The main requirements: it should be warm and light.

Making or buying poultry cages

Quails can be kept both in specially equipped cages and in adapted or self-made fenced spaces. At the same time, one must remember the ability and constant desire of quails to fly, for this reason the space for them must be closed, but with air access and well ventilated. The place where birds are kept should be well lit and warm. For optimal lighting, it is appropriate to use additional incandescent lamps, they will provide light and heat at the same time. You should not save on the maintenance of quails, they will more than pay for their maintenance.

Video - How to make a quail cage

Video - Making quail cages

Buying feed

Quails are finicky and difficult to keep. For food they need wheat, corn, pearl barley, sunflower cake. Parsley, greens and carrots are eaten by quails in abundance and endlessly. It must be remembered that they eat very often, and you should not limit them to this, otherwise it will affect their egg production and meat quality.

As food additives, it is necessary to add low-fat chopped fish waste, salt, and rye to the diet. Birds love to swim in dry sand, small pebbles are necessary for better digestion of food in the stomach, calcium in the form of ground shells - for the strength of eggshells, protein - to increase productivity. A dry diet requires a lot of water, so the birds must be provided with a continuous drinking regimen.

Acquisition of a bird

All types of quails are divided into decorative and commercial breeds. The ability to distinguish them from each other externally and by characteristics will help you choose the one that can make your business successful.

Breed	Qualities
	it is distinguished by high egg production - 300 eggs per year from quail. Their meat is also used as a delicacy. Bird weight - 200g. This breed reaches production figures in a month and a half. They rarely get sick, almost all birds reach the point of being used for food or laying eggs.
	quail meat breed, an option that is ideal for breeding at the start of a business. Weight - 320 g. Productivity - 200 eggs per year from one quail. This species is readily accepted in restaurants and supermarkets.
	they carry 300 eggs a year, weight - 300 g. They are superior to other breeds for the price of meat, since its quality is indeed a real delicacy

There are several more breeds of quails, in the production of which you can get both eggs and meat, but their productivity is much lower, so it is preferable to use the named specimens at the start.

• Registration of official status.

Any business can exist only if it is legal. Therefore, before resolving issues of product sales, it is necessary to register the status of an individual entrepreneur. With this status, you will have free access to consumers.

Business advertising will be needed after the products appear that need to be sold. In the future, when the production of eggs and meat will be put on stream, it will be possible to create your own website and advertise products on a larger scale.

Building a customer base

Numerous clientele will not appear at the wave of the hand, it must be created gradually, starting with a narrow circle of people. Categories of people who will definitely want to become your customers:

• Relatives, friends, neighbors, acquaintances. You won’t get a lot of money from them, but they will play the role of word of mouth, which will tell about products better than any advertising;
• A grocery market where you can sell products for sale or do it yourself. For trading on the market, certification of goods is not required; for this, it is enough to pass sanitary control in the laboratory of the market;
• Super- and hypermarkets, fresh markets, restaurants, for which delicacies are one of the main sales products.

On the commercial prospects of breeding quails

A separate paragraph of the business plan must provide for all the estimated costs of business development, investments, prospects for payback and income. An approximate breakdown of expenses will help aspiring entrepreneurs to have an idea of ​​​​what awaits them:

1. If you take chickens for breeding, they will cost less, but they will have to be grown to a productive age, which will take money and time. If you start with the purchase of uterine quails, then only funds will be spent on them. A thousand young birds will cost about 30 thousand rubles.

   

2. To buy factory cages, you will need about 50 thousand rubles, but this price is approximate, since it depends on the design of the cages, capacity, manufacturer, manufacturing materials. At first, you can make cells with your own hands, this will save a lot of money.

   

   

3. It will take about 6,000 rubles a month to buy food.
4. Payment for lighting and heating of the premises depends on its area. To pay for the cost of electricity and heat from lamps in a room of 15 sq.m, costs of approximately 3,000 rubles will be required.

   

5. Purchase of an incubator - 5000 rubles.

   

Thus, adding up the estimated costs, we get the amount of 94,000 thousand rubles. There is a guideline, the run-up of expenses can be both up and down, but, based on the resulting figure, you can plan your actions more specifically.

Breeding quails is not only a profitable business, but also quite troublesome. An experienced producer will qualitatively cope with the number of quails from 1000 to 2000. Therefore, in the future, you will have to hire workers if the businessman gets a taste and he has a desire to expand the scale of production.

About the income side of the business

The ultimate goal of starting your own business is its profitable part.

Approximate performance perspectives:

• 500 quails in a month will bring 9000 eggs. By selling the first batch, without raising the price to the real one, for 30 rubles for a dozen, you can get 27,000 rubles, you can get 5 thousand rubles for the meat of extra males. We subtract 6,000 from the income received for food and 3,000 for heating and lighting. According to rough estimates, net income will be 18,000 rubles;
• large eggs can be started to incubate, increasing the number of females. In the fourth month of work according to the plan, incomes will begin to increase steadily from the sale of eggs and meat of extra males. Expenses should pay off in full at the end of 5 months. Until this period, you should not think about expanding the scale of the business. This period will be quite enough to finally make sure that your decision to breed quails is correct and to understand that the business of breeding them requires labor and patience, golden mountains are not immediately and quickly foreseen.

Video - Quail breeding. Business plan

The sphere of agriculture for entrepreneurs has become relevant and promising in recent years. The profile of directions is so extensive that it is difficult for a novice businessman to make a choice in favor of the agricultural sector, animal husbandry or poultry farming. First of all, you need to assess your capabilities - financial, physical and personal knowledge in the specifics of the case. We offer for general acquaintance a business plan for breeding quails, if there are thoughts of investing in poultry farming.

Summary

The quail breeding sector in our country does not have such a scale as the breeding of chickens, turkeys, ducks or geese. Trading networks usually include quail eggs in their assortment. Quail meat on display is rare. You can buy a carcass in the market or in a butcher shop, if there are quail farms in the region.

Low demand among consumers is due to the high cost of the product and the lack of a list of dishes that can be included in the daily menu. Quail is a festive dish. Some restaurants offer quail meat dishes to visitors.

Before starting to implement the idea of ​​​​breeding quails, you need to find a client and determine the volume of orders for meat and eggs, so as not to get a loss-making farm due to the impossibility of marketing.

Quail breeding can be done within the framework of a peasant farm or private household plot and increase volumes as the client base expands.

Our quail farming business plan with calculations is focused on family businesses in which quails are not the main type of commercial stock.

The farm will be able to work as a quail farm only after reaching a turnover that cannot be realized at home in a private farmstead.

Project Options

Kind of activity: poultry farming; raising quails for commercial purposes for meat and eggs.

OKVED: 01.47 "Breeding of poultry".

Form of activity: KFH.

Taxation: ESHN.

Location of the object: a settlement of a rural format, 50 km away from the regional center. There is a highway near the settlement, which allows transporting products to customers without delay. There is room for livestock. It must be equipped in accordance with the living conditions of quails.

The mode of operation of the economy is irregular. The maintenance of the poultry house is carried out by family members who live in the house on the same territory as the subsidiary farm.

Service list:

• Production of quail eggs for retail and small-scale wholesale.
• Cultivation of breeding offspring for personal farming and sale to other farmers.
• Realization of meat on the market and private customers.

Investments in the economy

The main costs of the owner of a quail house are for the arrangement of space, the purchase of the first batch of chicks and the necessary equipment. The room reserved for the bird needs to be insulated, light should be brought into it and options for heating the house during the cold period should be considered.

Quails have a smaller body weight than other poultry. In a small area, a large number of chicks can be placed, given that quails are kept in cages. For 1 sq. m can grow up to 120 individuals, if properly organized bird care. Cages can be made by hand, but for a novice farmer, it is more profitable to buy ready-made quail houses. In the equipment for keeping quails, you need to add feeders, drinkers and compartments for collecting eggs. Otherwise, silence and a comfortable climate are required to prevent the risks of bird death. The quail does not like noise and may panic at any sudden sound or movement. The soundproofing of the structure will reduce the anxiety of the animals and prevent crushing. All expenses at the stage of preparation for the launch of the poultry house will be noted in the table:

To start an entrepreneur in the field of quail breeding at home, you need an amount of about 200 thousand rubles. The main investments will be only at the stage of arrangement. Cages and other attributes of the poultry house can be purchased gradually if the demand for products increases. In the future, expenses will be current - for the purchase of feed, payment of utilities, increase in young animals. It is advisable to have at least 50 thousand rubles in reserve if there are difficulties with sales.

The amount of investment may differ if the cost of cells, offspring, feed is calculated for a particular farm.

Calendar plan

Fans of quail eggs or quail meat dishes buy products at any time of the year. Therefore, there is no seasonal benchmark for the timing of the launch of the poultry house. For the owner, the warm season is favorable in order to reduce the cost of increasing daylight hours and heating the room. Chicks grow quickly and after 2 months they can begin to lay eggs. Quail carcasses should not be heavier than 300 grams, so as not to lie on the counter. The main point in the preparatory stage is given to the arrangement of the poultry house and the purchase of equipment, chicks. Some work can be combined with the process of registering a peasant farm.

If there are no problems with financing, you can prepare for the opening in 2 months. The sequence of actions and the timing of their implementation are noted in the table:

Procedure
	02	03	04	05–07
Preparation of documents, registration of KFH. Search for partners	+
Search for quail cages, poultry farms for the purchase of quail chicks. Application form	+	+
Poultry house arrangement		+
Purchase of chicks, feed, placement in the poultry house		+
Bird care. Passing the certification procedure		+	+
Receipt of the first batch of eggs, sale				+

If there are no delays in the documentary part of the project launch, then at the end of May the farm will begin to bring the first profit from the sale of quail eggs. Bird carcasses can be sold at the age of 4-6 months. There is no need to keep adults for offspring if you buy an incubator or choose the option of replenishing the livestock with day-old chicks from other farms.

Large staff is not required

One or two people can take care of quails. The main work is timely feeding, packaging of eggs, cleaning pallets of cages.

The slaughter of the bird will be gradual so as not to stock up in the refrigerator. For plucking a pen, a machine is provided. Based on the specifics of caring for quails and their fearfulness, there is no need to hire additional people to work. This reduces the amount of running costs.

The entrepreneur makes deductions only for himself, because labor contracts are not concluded.

At the first stage, eggs and meat will be sold in the market and to acquaintances. You can engage in trade personally or donate products to the department of another private economy.

What result will we get

To assess the profitability of quail breeding at home, you need to calculate the profitability of the event for the year. It is unprofitable to grow quails to a large weight. The main weight gain occurs in the first 3-4 months. It largely depends on the breed of bird. Quail is not divided into portions for any type of sale (wholesale, retail). The price per 1 kg is high for many consumers. They prefer a small carcass. Therefore, it makes no sense to feed the bird for a long time in order to make a big profit.

Usually, females are left on the farm for a long time, which can lay up to 250 eggs per individual per year. Let's take into account the fact that the entrepreneur will leave some of the eggs for breeding chicks in the incubator, and send some for sale. Up to 500 quails can be raised per year on the farm, if there are distribution channels.

In the table, we note the number of products sold, the price per unit and the total profitability of the farm:

Product	Price per piece, rub.	Quantity per year	Amount of income, rub.
egg for sale	4	40 thousand	160 thousand
hatching egg	30	2 thousand	60 thousand
Daily chicks	60	3 thousand	180 thousand
Carcass weighing up to 300 g	350	400	140 thousand
Farm annual income	–	–	540 thousand

The annual proceeds from the sale of meat, eggs and chicks can be more than 500 thousand rubles. Let's determine the net profit, taking into account the current costs of the entrepreneur for the maintenance of the economy and taxes. We will enter all the parameters in the table:

Profit from quail breeding in a year will amount to 250 thousand rubles. At the initial stage, 160 thousand rubles were invested in the project. For 7 months, the peasant farm reached self-sufficiency and received a net income in the family budget in the amount of 90 thousand rubles. Of course, this is not a very large amount, but the second and subsequent years will bring greater profitability to the entrepreneur.

Eventually

The considered example of a quail breeding business plan confirms that this niche has a high rate of profitability if the business is properly organized. The only reason for doubt is the search for customers. Quail eggs and carcasses do not belong to mass consumption products, which can significantly complicate the process. Therefore, you should not start with large volumes until a solid customer base has been developed.

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In some countries, quail meat is considered medicinal, but even if this is not true, it is dietary and valuable in terms of taste. It is clear that quail breeding as a business is very profitable, pays off quickly, farms are small, and a large start-up capital is not required to start a business.

How to start a quail business?

It is recommended to start growing poultry with a population of no more than 700 pieces, since quails are very prolific, and besides, chicks quickly grow into adults. In about a year, your livestock will increase tenfold, and the profitability of the business will also increase. To begin with, you will need about 10 thousand dollars, which will be justified in a few months.

When drawing up a business plan, the following points should be considered in detail:

• the cost of equipping a new farm and further keeping the poultry;
• planned profit;
• product marketing system;
• possible risks;
• legal registration of business;
• other questions.

Even with some experience in quail breeding, the main difficulty in this business is non-technical issues, but the ability to communicate with potential customers, convince them, work with contractors and establish the necessary connections.

The main issue in any business is making a profit, so the issue of marketing poultry meat and eggs becomes decisive in doing business. Therefore, the first question that arises in the planning process is how many outlets can you attract to cooperation? To increase their number, it will be necessary to hold preliminary meetings with the owners of restaurants, shops, cafes and eateries. During the negotiations, it will become clear whether this niche is occupied by other manufacturers, what are the prospects for supplies, etc.

The main costs initially fall on the purchase of adult quails and the necessary equipment. In addition, the poultry population has to be periodically updated, since the productivity of a one-year-old animal is halved. To increase the number of eggs are taken from females at the age of two to ten months, and from older individuals they are used as a food product. Quails at the age of one year are slaughtered for meat.

It should be noted that the trade in reared young animals is no less profitable than the sale of meat and eggs, since new farms in the country are constantly springing up, which supports the demand for chicks.

Quail farm building

You should start growing individuals with the construction of a small room for them, the location of which does not play a special role. The main thing is that it should be a calm place and that the bird house meets the basic requirements put forward to it. The optimum temperature in the room is + 18 ° C, air humidity is 65-70% during the entire period of detention. Sharp and significant changes in these indicators should not be allowed, as this can lead to a decrease in quail egg production, diseases and mortality. A steady supply of fresh air should be provided, as they are very demanding in this regard, although at the same time they do not tolerate drafts. Optimal parameters - for 1 kg of bird weight, at least 5 cubic meters are required in summer. meters of fresh air, in winter - 2 cubic meters. meters. Its supply can be ensured with the help of an air conditioner, and the required temperature in winter can be ensured by installing an electric heater with a thermostat.

Bright light in the room is optional - birds do not like it, so a brightness of 35 lux and 16-18 hours of lighting per day is enough. Lamps with a brightness of up to 20 lux are installed above the feeders, and one should not forget that quails become aggressive from bright light. The stability of the parameters is controlled using appropriate instruments.

When breeding the most popular breed, Japanese quail, up to 120 birds per square meter are populated, while the height of the cages should not exceed 30 cm. The cages are installed in several tiers (up to five), taking into account ease of maintenance. It turns out that up to six hundred quails are placed on one square meter of area. Although in practice this number is somewhat less, since maintenance personnel need to constantly monitor their condition and remove dead individuals in a timely manner.

A separate expense item required for raising quails is the purchase of a diesel or gasoline generator, which is designed to prevent freezing or suffocation of the bird in case of possible power outages. The generator must be equipped with an automatic start system; when the light is turned off, its task is to maintain the operation of the electric heater and air conditioner.

The quail business requires the availability of high-quality incubators. Homemade devices for incubation cannot be used, as they are not able to provide the proper quality and reliability of the process.

To obtain eggs, birds are settled in cages at the rate of one male for two or four females. For breeding, young individuals under the age of eight months are used.

On farms, artificial egg incubation is widely used, for which non-standard eggs are removed that meet the requirements for size, color and shell thickness. After that, a check is performed using an ovoscope, on which eggs that are cloudy or with a double yolk, as well as with other defects, are rejected.

In order for the cultivation to be successful, the temperature and humidity in the incubator are maintained in the following parameters:

• 12 first days - temperature 37.2 ° C, humidity 60%;
• from 12 to 15 days - 37.2 ° C and 55%;
• from the 16th day - 37.0 ° C and 70%.

In the first days of life, young animals are given increased attention, since even a small draft or a jump in temperature can kill them. The temperature in the cage in the first week of life of the chicks should not be lower than +35-37°C, in the second week it drops to +32°C, in the third to +26°C. Further, the grown chicks are moved to the cages for the adult stock.

Quail feeding

On average, one Japanese quail eats up to 30 grams of feed daily. So, with a total number of one thousand heads, up to 30 kilograms are consumed daily, for which it is necessary to create a sufficient supply of feed on the farm and ensure their purchase on time.

The feed must be of high quality, balanced, with a set of necessary vitamins and minerals in order to maintain high egg production. In summer, birds need to be fed fresh grass and root crops (cut) daily. In winter, the lack of vitamins is compensated by germinated oats or wheat, and wet food is diluted with fish or bone meal. Periodically, crushed shells, chalk, and fine gravel are poured into the feeders, without which the egg production of the bird is significantly reduced. They are fed at the same time. Violation of this rule can lead to a stressful state of birds.

Realization of meat and eggs of quails

The last stage of the quail breeding business is the sale of meat, eggs and young animals, and this is the main problem for the farmer. Despite not very strong competition in this segment, it is quite difficult to find serious buyers for these products, which is due to the fact that consumers have not yet developed a stable habit of eating quail meat and eggs, unlike chicken. Bad advertising also plays a big role, since the main suppliers are private entrepreneurs who do not have sufficient funds to organize advertising campaigns.

The first customers are most often friends and family of the entrepreneur, but this is a limited sales that quickly fades away as buyers quickly lose interest in the products. Therefore, when growing a flock of several thousand quails, one should look for serious channels for selling their products. Contracts with small grocery stores are also not very promising, since their order volumes are small.

Very lucrative contracts for the supply of eggs are concluded with large supermarkets, although it is very difficult to achieve such an agreement. To do this, you will have to convince the store administration that in your person they will find the most profitable and reliable supplier of products. You will also need to obtain a number of permits that will confirm the quality of your product and its safety in sanitary terms.

When compiling a business plan for opening a quail breeding farm, it is necessary to take into account all the little things and nuances that affect profitability and profitability. For example, in the second year of life, egg production drops sharply in females, so adult birds are slaughtered for meat. Another cost item, invisible initially - to speed up the processing of carcasses, you will have to purchase a centrifuge to remove feathers.

As for the attendants, it makes sense to make quail breeding a family affair, since two people can handle the maintenance of a flock of 1200 goals.

Quail breeding as a business receives mostly favorable reviews, as producers who have found distribution channels have a good income. But we must not forget that this type of activity is associated with constant care for the bird, the absence of days off and holidays, endless worries about the sale of products. Therefore, before you start breeding quails, you need to assess your capabilities and willingness to devote all your free time to the cause. It is on this that the profitability of your future business primarily depends.

Quail rearing as a business
Let's see if it's profitable?

In this article, we will consider raising quails as a business. Breeding these birds usually generates income from the sale of eggs, less often from the sale of meat and chicks. Since quails do not reach large sizes, considerable effort and time will have to be spent on raising birds for meat. It is much easier and more profitable to sell quail eggs, which will be discussed further. Find more profitable ideas in the article:

Quail rearing as a business: preparation

In order to create a business for growing quails with a full cycle of reproduction, you will need to lay some of the eggs for breeding chicks. Therefore, your business equipment should consist of the following three parts:
Incubator for eggs (quails do not incubate them)
Brooder with a heating lamp for chicks
Cages (20 cm high, 180 cm2 for 1 quail)

Cages and brooders must be equipped with a feeding system. One quail needs 34 grams of feed per day. You need to feed young animals and adults with different feeds - for chicks you will need special compound feed, which is better absorbed by the fragile body and stimulates its growth.
Chicks are considered birds under the age of 4 weeks (28 days). Feed the bird at any age you need 3-4 times a day.

Buying young animals and features of the bird

It is better to start breeding with 5-7 dozen quails, no less. For one male, 3-5 females are provided. Moreover, at the very beginning it is better to acquire adults already, so as not to wait for the moment of their maturation. Birds rush already after 40 days of life.
! By the way, the purchase of one individual will cost an average of about 100-150 rubles. That is, 70 birds will need only 10.5 thousand rubles.
With one quail per month, you can get about 30 eggs. Birds live up to 1.5 years on average, but practitioners advise not to keep quails for longer than six months. This is due to the deterioration of the quality of the egg, which loses its beneficial properties. From a quail at the age of 6 months, usually, an incubation egg is obtained, after which it is sold for meat.

Making a profit from quail breeding

In a business like raising quails, the bulk of the profit comes from the sale of edible eggs. The cost of a dozen quail eggs varies from 50 to 100 rubles. In a flock of 60 heads, the proportion of females will be about 50 pieces. Getting 30 eggs per month from each, you can earn about 15,000 rubles from the sale of eggs.

It turns out that the cultivation of 120 heads will bring 30 thousand rubles a month, 240 - 60 thousand rubles, 360 - 90 thousand rubles, and so on.

Conclusion

In quail farming, as in any other similar business, it is important to calculate in advance the required number of heads to make a profit. True, raising 120 birds or more will be too expensive for apartment breeding. Therefore, in order to receive tangible profits from your business, you will need a territory in a summer cottage or a specially designated place for growing a large number of quails.

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In the context of the economic crisis and the high cost of "entry" into existing business niches, one of the promising areas for organizing your own business is the quail business. This type of activity has a number of undeniable advantages that allow you to achieve a stable profit within a few months:

small amount of start-up capital;

quick payback;

ease of care for the bird;

minimum area of ​​industrial premises;

low cost of the necessary equipment;

high consumer qualities of products;

low level of competition.

The disadvantages of quail breeding as a business include:

relative novelty of products for the Russian market;

the need for regular care and feeding;

increased labor costs when harvesting meat for relatively larger poultry.

The production of quail eggs in the Russian Federation does not exceed 400,000 pieces per day, while in Japan with a comparable population, the daily sale of quail eggs rarely falls below 7,000,000. For most regions, quail remains an exotic curiosity and preference is given to traditional chicken.

The Russian consumer is just beginning to get used to the presence of quail eggs and meat on store shelves and in the menu of catering establishments. This opens up impressive prospects for quail farming as a business, as neighboring countries show a steady increase in interest from buyers.

Material and production base of poultry breeding

You should not immediately equip a large poultry farm to make sure that the quail business is profitable. It is enough for a beginner poultry breeder to acquire a herd of up to 500 birds. Quails reach egg-laying age very quickly, 5 to 8 weeks from birth. A herd of 500-600 heads is easily serviced by one person with daily employment of no more than 3-4 hours.

Own business - what you need to breed quail

A small area is required to start a quail business, as the birds are as compact as possible. On one meter, when placing cages in several levels, up to 300 heads can be contained. For keeping, it is recommended to use a separate room with an area of ​​​​about 20 m², in which it will be convenient to care for the livestock, store and produce feed mixtures.

The set of initial equipment will consist of cage batteries, containers for storing feed and eggs, equipment for cutting carcasses. A business plan for breeding quails should include an incubator for breeding chicks and a special container for young animals (brooder).

Business plan: what is how much

The cost of individual equipment and breeding birds may vary depending on the specific region and seasonality. The size of the initial investment depends on whether cages and special containers are purchased ready-made or made independently. An additional expense item may be the registration of a legal entity and the rental of premises in the absence of their own premises.

Based on the size of the herd of 500 heads, corresponding to the business plan for breeding quails at home, the material costs at the initial stage of organizing a quail business will be:

cell battery - 8-12 thousand rubles. (at the same time, the cost of the material is 2-3 thousand rubles);

purchase of quail livestock - 20 thousand rubles. (the cost of quails for breeding is 40 rubles per chick);

food (for the first time) - about 3 thousand rubles;

small-sized incubator - from 7 to 12 thousand rubles;

brooder for young animals - from 3,500 rubles.

If you have the necessary skills and free time, cages for adults and a brooder can be made independently, which will significantly reduce the initial costs.

A business plan for breeding quails should take into account the costs of lighting and maintaining the desired temperature, depending on the time of year and electricity tariffs. For more effective plucking of slaughtered birds, it is recommended to purchase a special centrifuge, since manual processing of small carcasses can be extremely inconvenient.

Income and basic expenses in the manufacture of products

One laying hen, starting from 2 months of age, brings 250-300 eggs per year. After reaching the age of 8-12 months, the productivity of quails decreases and it is recommended to start them up for meat. When slaughtered, one quail carcass gives 200-350 g, depending on the breed.

The profitability of a business is determined by the cost of products and the speed of sales. It is realistic to sell quail eggs at a price of 1.5-2 rubles. per piece, meat - 60-90 rubles. for the carcass. The slaughter of birds can be started from 8-10 weeks, when their growth ends. Meat breeds reach optimal eviscerated weight at 6 weeks.

It is advisable to evaluate the profitability from the 5th month from the date of purchase of the first livestock. By this time, laying hens reach stable productivity, and extra males can be sold for meat. When using an incubator, the poultry population can be increased several times, therefore, for the convenience of calculations, a business plan is used for quail with a herd of 1000 laying hens and 200-250 males.

A thousand quails lay about 300,000 eggs a year. In addition, you can additionally get at least 4,000 meat carcasses for meat with full reproduction of the productive population. Based on this, it is possible to calculate the approximate revenue from the industrial breeding of quails with the timely sale of poultry farm products:

egg - 450-600 thousand rubles;

meat - 240-360 thousand rubles;

total: 690-960 thousand rubles a year.

Separate income items can be:

sale of breeding birds over 1 month old;

sale of bird droppings as a highly effective nitrogen-containing fertilizer;

independent production of cages, drinkers and feeders with their subsequent sale.

From the amount of revenue, it is required to deduct various payments as taxes and fees, subject to the registration of a legal entity or an individual entrepreneur (if we regard quail breeding as a business focused on the wholesale sale of products).

The main obligatory expenses that affect the profitability of the quail business will be to pay for:

poultry feed - 144 thousand rubles;

heating and light - about 25 thousand rubles.

Care for a herd of layers of 1000 heads can be carried out by 2 people with part-time employment. With such a volume of production, it is advisable to use the family business model, when profit and salary, in fact, represent the same thing. The involvement of third-party labor is included in the business plan for quail breeding when it becomes justified: with an increase in livestock to 5,000 layers or more, the availability of reliable distribution channels for products.

Quail breeding - livestock reproduction technology

Quails are unpretentious, capable of the most compact content. It may seem that poultry breeding on an industrial scale is possible even on the balcony of an apartment using boxes and cardboard boxes. This approach is justified only when raising quail as a home business mainly for personal use. Too small a mini-farm area will be physically inconvenient to care for several hundred heads, and excludes the possibility of expanding the quail business at home.

Growing and feeding

Stable productivity of quail livestock requires certain conditions of detention and regular monitoring of the state of the bird. Any farm requires constant human control without days off and holidays. The quail poultry farm as a business requires care, which consists of the following:

maintaining the optimal level of lighting, humidity and air temperature;

creation of conditions for maintenance and reproduction;

providing adequate nutrition and the availability of clean water;

inspection of livestock, culling of birds with suspected disease or aggressive behavior;

timely cleaning of cells;

collection of eggs and slaughter of birds.

With a herd size of 500-600 individuals, the quail business requires 2-4 hours a day to care for, which one person can do very well. For a herd of 1-2 thousand birds, the efforts of two people will be required, for 5 thousand - three or more.

room

A suitable room is where to start a quail business. Quails are kept under moderate illumination of 20-30 lux, which is fully provided by incandescent lamps with a power of 40 watts. With more intense lighting, the birds behave aggressively, and begin to peck at each other. Light day should last 16-18 hours. Humidity in the room should be at least 65%; in dry air, quails begin to peck out their feathers.

The temperature regime is maintained in the range from 18 to 24 ° C, special attention should be paid to the exclusion of drafts. More resistant to diseases than other poultry, quails are extremely sensitive to air currents with high temperature differences.

cages for keeping

One square meter of cage space can accommodate 50-100 individuals, usually multi-tiered batteries are used. The number of floors depends on the ease of care. As a material for the cage, a profile, galvanized mesh and metal sheets are used. Wood materials are inconvenient to clean and they quickly become unusable, contributing to the reproduction of harmful microorganisms.

The height of the cages should not exceed 30 cm so that the bird does not jump, injuring its neck and head. The floor of the cage is made with a slope so that the laid eggs roll into a special chute. Devices for food and water are placed outside.

Feed

Finding ready-made feed intended only for quails is quite difficult. Usually, the feed manufacturer indicates this type of bird when selling universal mixtures. To create the optimal ratio of nutrients and useful trace elements, you can make food for quail. The business plan will only benefit from this.

The production of feed requires crushed grain of wheat, barley and corn, so it is advisable to purchase a special crusher. It is better to buy grain in advance at farmers' markets at the time of harvest.

In addition to grain, feed mixtures should contain a source of calcium: bone or fish meal, crushed shells, shells. Fine gravel and sand are thrown into the feeders, which are necessary for the digestion of the bird. The taste of products and the profitability of breeding quail laying hens for eggs as a business depend on the feed. The composition of the feed can be changed depending on the age category.

For birds 1 to 4 weeks old (as a percentage of the total weight of the mixture):

• wheat - 9.6;
• barley - 7;
• corn - 40;
• bone meal - 3;
• fishmeal - 5;
• soybean meal - 30;
• dry reverse - 3;
• salt - 0.4;
• herbal flour - 1.

For 5-6 weeks of age:

• wheat - 25;
• barley - 7;
• corn - 40.5;
• bone meal - 3;
• fishmeal - 5;
• sunflower meal - 9;
• dry reverse - 3;
• crushed chalk, ground shell - 1;
• salt - 0.5;
• herbal flour - 1
• wheat bran - 5.

For birds from 7 weeks old, including carriers:

• wheat - 15;
• barley - 7;
• corn - 40;
• sunflower meal - 10;
• soybean meal - 10;
• wheat bran - 5;
• fishmeal - 5;
• crushed chalk, ground shell - 1;
• bone meal - 4;
• herbal flour - 2.4;
• salt - 0.6.

In order to enrich the feed with biologically active substances, special premixes (P1-1, P5-1, P6-1) can be added at a ratio of 1:100.

Rearing of young animals

With a compact content in females, the instinct to incubate eggs atrophies, therefore, an incubator must be used to hatch new chicks. For fertilization, males are planted in the cages at the rate of 2-5 pieces per 10 females. The age of the birds most suitable for breeding is 2-7 months.

Before being placed in the incubator, eggs with visible damage, non-standard shapes, sizes and colors are rejected. It is recommended to check the contents of the eggs with an ovoscope in order to select specimens with a double yolk, cloudy contents and other defects.

The incubator must maintain a certain temperature and humidity level:

12 days - 37.7 ° C and 55-60%;

from 12 to 15 days inclusive - 37.2 ° C and 55%;

from the 16th day - 37°С and 70%.

On the first day, the brood should be carefully protected from drafts. The temperature in a special container (cage-brooder) should be maintained within 35-37°C during the first week. Then the temperature gradually decreases to 30-32°C during the second week and to 24-26°C during the third. After the young can be planted in cages with adults.

Breeding quails for meat or eggs which business to choose?

There are breeds specifically designed for both breeding for meat and for increased egg production. Paradoxically, it is not always advisable to breed only meat breeds.

This applies to the sale of carcasses to catering establishments. A standard portion with poultry meat rarely exceeds 200 g, while the weight of a quail meat carcass is 300 g. It is unprofitable for a restaurant or cafe to butcher a carcass, so they are more willing to buy meat from smaller egg-bearing breeds.

Breeding meat breeds is economically profitable with established sales to retail chains or poultry farms that want to expand the range of products without changing production technology. In these cases, the profit from the sale of quail meat will be much lower, because the buyer has to take into account his profit margins from subsequent resale.

The most rational is the breeding of not very small egg-bearing breeds and making efforts to sell both eggs and quail meat. The business, in any case, is that laying hens give eggs, and the bird has to be slaughtered at the age of up to 1 year, and the resulting eggs and meat need to be put somewhere.

Sales of finished products

Any production is constantly faced with the problem of selling products. There is no doubt about the ability of quails to consistently produce eggs and meat, but it may take quite a long time to find a market in modern Russian realities.

Farm managers who have already achieved significant results in quail breeding are advised to start with word of mouth.

At the initial stages of implementing a business plan, you should try to offer quail eggs and meat to your friends and relatives. From them, information can go further, subject to the appointment of a favorable price for buyers. This distribution channel can not be considered truly reliable, but will help to make a profit while working with other potential buyers, such as wholesale and retail chains and restaurants.

You should not seriously rely on small stores that do not have a developed network. Low purchasing power and insufficient traffic of buyers will not allow reaching any significant volumes. In this case, you will need to spend your own funds on shipping and packaging products.

When promoting products to retail chains and catering enterprises, obvious advantages should be brought to the potential buyer. 100 g of quail eggs, with comparable amounts of useful trace elements, proteins and fats, contains half as many carbohydrates and several times less cholesterol. This makes quail breeding products more useful and suitable for dietary nutrition. In addition, the valuable properties of quail eggs allow you to remove radionuclides from the human body.

Sale of quail meat and eggs to poultry farms

Establishing links with major suppliers of farm products in the region can be considered reliable enough. In this case, you will have to give up part of the profit, but the farm will be relieved of the need to obtain most of the permits. In addition, wholesalers free you from having to worry about distribution channels.

Large poultry producers, as a rule, are interested in expanding their own range for their counterparties, but often do not have the opportunity to create an additional production chain. When working with wholesalers who take on work with the end consumer, it is necessary to constantly maintain stable supplies in the required volumes.