Do-it-yourself swivel mechanism for an incubator. How to make an incubator with your own hands: step by step instructions How to make an egg flip system

Any type of poultry you need to know and take into account many nuances. For example, many novice poultry farmers are interested in: how to turn eggs in an incubator. There is no single answer to this question, since each training literature provides different information. However, it should be borne in mind that when incubating eggs, it is important to create conditions that are as close to natural as possible. For example, a laying hen, when hatching, turns eggs several dozen times a day.

The problem of turning over is solved by using a modern automatic device, but you still need to know how often to turn eggs in an incubator.

Experienced poultry farmers recommend turning eggs up to 96 times a day for maximum incubation results and up to 24 times a day for optimal incubation. If the eggs are turned more often, the hatching result may worsen.

It is impossible to turn over manually so many times. So what should those who hatch in conventional incubators without automatic turning do?

The success of the entire incubation process depends on how many times the eggs are turned in the incubator. Eggs are usually turned by hand every 4 hours during the day. The coup is not carried out at night.

How to turn eggs in an incubator

There are several ways to reverse. For example, if the tray has a vertical rotation, then its axis is tilted 45 degrees to one side and the other when it is turned over. This method has a significant drawback - after turning, the upper part of the eggs will heat up to 40 degrees, and overheating, as you know, during incubation is unacceptable. In this case, the temperature in the lower part will be 36 degrees, and in the middle - 38. Still, the method is used, but only by those who have a fan in the incubator.

If the tray has a horizontal position, then it rotates approximately 180 degrees around the axis. With such a coup, uneven heating is also possible. Therefore, additional heating elements are installed in the lower part of the incubator.

How to turn eggs in an incubator manually video

Proper turning of eggs leads to improved metabolic processes, better development of the circulatory system and, as a result, the successful hatching of healthy and active young.

All experienced poultry farmers are well aware that one of the main conditions for the successful incubation of eggs, in addition to properly selected temperature and humidity, is their periodic turning over.

Moreover, this must be done according to a strictly defined technology. All existing incubators are divided into three groups - automatic, mechanical and manual, and the last two varieties suggest that the process of turning eggs will be carried out not by a machine, but by a person.

A timer will help simplify this task, which, with some time and experience, you can do it yourself. Several methods for manufacturing such a device are described below.

What is it needed for

The egg flip timer in the incubator is a device that opens and closes the electrical circuit after the same period of time, that is, in simple terms, a primitive relay. Our task is to turn off and then turn on the main components of the incubator, thus automating the system as much as possible and minimizing possible errors caused by the human factor.

The timer, in addition to turning the eggs, also provides the following functions:

temperature control;
providing forced air exchange;
start and stop lighting.

The microcircuit on the basis of which such a device is made must meet two main conditions: low switching current with high resistance of the key element itself.

The best option in this case is the CMOS electronic circuit technology, which has both n- and p-channel field-effect transistors, which provides faster switching speed and is also energy-saving.

The easiest way at home is to use the timing microcircuits K176IE5 or KR512PS10 sold in any electronics store. Based on them, the timer will work for a long time and, most importantly, uninterruptedly.
The principle of operation of the device, made on the basis of the K176IE5 chip, involves the sequential execution of six actions:

The system starts up (circuit closing).
Pause.
A pulsed voltage is applied to the LED (thirty-two cycles).
The resistor is turned off.
The node is charged.
System shuts down (open circuit).

Important! If necessary, the response time can be extended up to 48–72 hours, but this will require upgrading the circuit with higher power transistors.

Timer, made on the KR512PS10 chip, in general, is also quite simple, but there are additional functionality due to the initial presence in the circuit of inputs with a variable division ratio. Thus, to ensure the operation of the timer (the exact delay time), you need to choose the right R1, C1 and set the required number of jumpers.
There are three options here:

0.1 second - 1 minute;
1 minute–1 hour;
1 hour–24 hours.

If the K176IE5 microcircuit assumes the only possible cycle of actions, then on the KR512PS10 the timer operates in two different modes: variable or constant.

In the first case, the system is turned on and off automatically, at regular intervals (the mode is configured using jumper S1), in the second case, the system turns on with a programmed delay once and then works until it is forced to turn off.

To implement the creative task, in addition to the timing microcircuits themselves, we need the following materials:

resistors of various capacities;
several additional LEDs (3-4 pieces);
tin and rosin.

The set of tools is quite standard:

a sharp knife with a narrow blade (to short-circuit resistors);
a good soldering iron for microcircuits (with a thin tip);
stopwatch or watch with a second hand;
pliers;
screwdriver tester with voltage indicator.

Do-it-yourself homemade incubator timer on the K176IE5 chip

Most electronic devices, such as the incubator timer in question, have been known since Soviet times. An example of the implementation of a two-interval timer for incubating eggs with detailed instructions was published in the Radio magazine, popular among radio amateurs (No. 1, 1988). But, as you know, everything new is a well-forgotten old.

If you are lucky enough to find a ready-made radio designer based on the K176IE5 chip with an already etched printed circuit board, then assembling and configuring the finished device will turn out to be a mere formality (the ability to hold a soldering iron in your hands is, of course, highly desirable).

Let's consider the stage of setting time intervals in more detail. The two-interval timer in question ensures the alternation of the “work” mode (the control relay is on, the incubator tray rotation mechanism is working) with the “pause” mode (the control relay is off, the incubator tray rotation mechanism is stopped).

The "work" mode is short-term and lasts within 30-60 seconds (the time required to turn the tray to a certain angle depends on the type of particular incubator).

Important! At the stage of assembling the device, one should strictly follow the instructions, avoid overheating at the soldering points of electronic semiconductor components (mainly the main microcircuit and transistors).

The "pause" mode is long and can last up to 5, 6 hours (depending on the size of the eggs and the heating capacity of the incubator.)

For ease of setup, the circuit has an LED that will blink at a certain frequency during the time interval setting process. The power of the LED is consistent with the circuit using the resistor R6.

Setting the duration of these modes is carried out by time-setting resistors R3 and R4. It should be noted that the duration of the "pause" mode depends on the value of both resistors, while the duration of the operating mode is set solely by the resistance R3.
For fine tuning, it is recommended to use 3-5 kΩ variable resistors for R3 and 500-1500 kΩ for R4 as R3 and R4, respectively.

Important! The lower the resistance of the time-setting resistors, the faster the LED will flash, and the shorter the cycle time.

Adjustment of the "work" mode:

short the resistor R4 (reduce the resistance R4 to zero);
turn on the device;
resistor R3 to adjust the blinking frequency of the LED. The duration of the "work" mode will correspond to thirty-two flashes.

Pause mode adjustment:

use the resistor R4 (increase the resistance R4 to the nominal value);
turn on the device;
note the time between adjacent LED flashes using a stopwatch.
The duration of the "pause" mode will be equal to the received time multiplied by 32.

For example, in order to set the duration of the "pause" mode to 4 hours, the time between flashes should be 7 minutes 30 seconds. After completing the setting of the modes (determining the required characteristics of the time-setting resistors), R3 and R4 can be replaced with fixed resistors of the appropriate ratings, and the LED turned off. This will increase the reliability of the timer and significantly extend its service life.

Instructions: how to make an incubator timer on a KR512PS10 chip with your own hands

The KR512PS10 microcircuit, manufactured on the basis of the CMOS process technology, is used in a wide variety of electronic timer devices with a variable division ratio of the time cycle.

These devices can provide both a single switching on (turning on the operating mode after a certain pause and holding it until forced shutdown), and cyclic switching on - switching off according to a given program.

Did you know? The chick in the egg breathes atmospheric air, which penetrates the shell through the smallest pores in it. By letting in oxygen, the shell simultaneously removes carbon dioxide exhaled by the chicken, as well as excess moisture, from the egg.

Creating a timer for an incubator based on one of these devices will not be difficult. Moreover, you don’t even have to pick up a soldering iron, since the range of industrially produced boards based on KR512PS10 is extremely wide, their functionality is diverse, and the ability to adjust time intervals covers the range from tenths of a second to 24 hours.
Ready-made boards are equipped with the necessary automation, which provides quick and precise adjustment of the "work" and "pause" modes. Thus, the manufacture of a timer for an incubator on a KR512PS10 chip comes down to the correct choice of a board for the specific characteristics of a particular incubator.

If you still need to change the operating mode time, then this can be done by shorting the resistor R1.

For those who love and know how to solder, and also want to assemble such a device with their own hands, we present one of the possible schemes with a list of electronic components and a printed circuit board trace.
The described timers are applicable to control overturning of the tray in domestic incubators with periodic switching on of the heating elements. In fact, they allow you to synchronize the movement of the tray with turning the heater on and off, cycling the entire process.

Other options

In addition to the considered options for basic microcircuits, there are many electronic components on which you can build a reliable and durable device - a timer.

Among them are:

MC14536BCP;
CD4536B (with modifications CD43***, CD41***);
NE555 etc.

Some of these microcircuits are currently out of production and replaced by modern analogues (the electronic components manufacturing industry does not stand still).

All of them differ in secondary parameters, an extended range of supply voltages, thermal characteristics, etc., but at the same time they perform the same tasks: switching on and off a controlled electrical circuit according to a given program.

The principle of setting the working intervals of the assembled board is the same:

find and short-circuit the "pause" mode resistor;
set the desired blinking frequency of the diode with the “work” mode resistor;
unlock the "pause" mode resistor and measure the exact operating time;
set divider parameters;
place the board in a protective case.

When making a tray flip timer, you need to understand that this is primarily a timer - a universal device, the scope of which is not limited solely to the task of flipping the tray in the incubator.

Subsequently, having gained some experience, you will be able to supply similar devices with heating elements, a lighting and ventilation system, and later, after some modernization, use it as the basis for automatically supplying feed and water to chickens.

Did you know? Many believe that the yolk in an egg represents the embryo of the future chicken, and the protein is the nutrient medium necessary for its development. However, in reality this is not the case. The chick begins to develop from the germinal disc, which in a fertilized egg looks like a small spot of light color in the yolk. The chick feeds mainly on the yolk, while the protein is a source of water and useful minerals for the embryo, which are necessary for normal development.

Thank you for your opinion!

Write in the comments what questions you did not receive an answer to, we will definitely respond!

, topical a question for both amateur poultry farmers and professional farmlands.

Industrial devices often have high price, and their application impractical in conditions small household farms.

For breeding poultry small quantities are fine home. And to construct it with desire will be able every.

Important points in the manufacture of the incubator

At independent manufacturing very important moment is the creation of comfortable, maximum close to natural conditions for breeding birds.

First of all it is worth taking care of the constant maintenance of the necessary temperatures inside the incubator and arrangement in it ventilation.

When mother hen independently incubates eggs, natural temperature and humidity are formed for normal development of chicks.

IN artificial conditions, the temperature in the incubator must be constantly maintained at 37.5–38.6 degrees at the humidity level in 50–60% . For even distribution and circulation warm air is used forced ventilation.

Attention: violation of the temperature regime at any stage of the incubation period (overheating, underheating, excessive or insufficient humidity) can lead to a significant slowdown in the development of chicks.

In particular, excessive humidity in the incubator negatively affects embryonic development in the egg and can lead to the death of the chick before it is born.

Insufficient humidity air in the appliance makes the egg shell overdried and very durable unacceptable when hatching.

We make an incubator with our own hands

To create an automatic incubator do it yourself You will need to craft or purchase from the store the following equipment:

Frame for the incubator itself;
tray system;
A heating element;
Fan;
Automatic turning mechanism.

Incubator body

Corps for a homemade incubator, a washing machine knocked out of plywood can serve box and even unclaimed Bee hive.

To maintain inside the incubator comfortable microclimate(preservation of heat), walls the cases are sealed (most often with foam), and for entry inside fresh air small holes are made.

Size incubator and number in it egg trays are selected based on needs owner.

tray system

As trays for eggs, you can use a strong metal mesh with cells of size 2.5 cm. The trays will be held on special pins, which in turn will automatic flip fixed trays.

L = (H-((N+15)*2))/15

Where L- the number of trays, H- refrigerator height, N– distance of trays from heating elements.

For example: Height incubator 1 meter. To calculate the maximum number of trays for an incubator, subtract from it distance to heating elements with a margin 6 cm(to avoid overheating), multiply on 2 and divide by height required for ventilation. We get:

L \u003d (100-((6 + 15) * 2)) / 15 \u003d 3.86

Maximum amount trays, which will be required to create an incubator is four.

A heating element

To maintain a constant temperature in a large incubator can be used heating iron spirals by connecting them in series.

For small structures, you can get by with several incandescent lamps medium power. You can place them both “above” and “under” the trays at a distance not less than 20 cm.

Note: when installing lamps, a thermometer must be placed in the incubator to accurately control the temperature and a bath of water is installed so that the air inside the device is humid. To control humidity, a psychrometer is used, which can be easily purchased at any pet store.

Fan

IN small a homemade incubator will be enough one fan, for example, from an old computer. Air circulation is very important in the arrangement of the incubator and plays key role in the brood of chicks.

In addition to uniform distribution of warm air, the fan pumps up inside required for eggs oxygen and removes carbon dioxide. For air to flow into the device in the upper and lower parts of the case, it is necessary to make multiple holes size 15-20 mm.

Automatic turning mechanism

Swivel pins, on which the trays will be fixed, must be ideally aligned to prevent distortion of the entire structure. BUT mechanism parts, connecting the trays and setting them in motion rigidly fixed between themselves.

As drive low-power (up to 20 watt) reduction motors And star chain.

Note: for smooth turning of trays with eggs, it is necessary to use a chain with a minimum pitch (0.525 mm).

For complete automation process, the power circuit of the motor is added relay(switch) which will on one's own turn the motor on and off.

It's important to know: before loading eggs and starting incubation, you need to check and test the created system for 3-4 days. Stabilize the temperature and humidity, experimentally find a place for the fan and start the turning mechanism, stabilize the turning speed and the angle of the trays.

so, manufacture of automatic incubator at home without the cost of modern technology, the task is quite doable. The main thing- compliance sequences the actions described above and the utmost care for work.

For construction, you can use improvised means: frame old refrigerator, washing machine, plywood or chipboard box, for wall insulation- Styrofoam or an old blanket will do, a computer fan will provide an even distribution warm air throughout the structure.

Following video talks in detail about the incubator for hatching eggs with your own hands:

Many farmers are experimenting with making their own incubators. The Internet is literally replete with drawings and descriptions - from the simplest techniques to high-tech schemes. Today the topic will be somewhat highly specialized, relating to only one component of the incubator - the egg tray. Do-it-yourself incubator trays can be made in different ways, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages. Consider the most common and effective methods.

Why turn eggs in an incubator?

People of the older generation probably remember N. Nosov's kind and clever children's story about a family of chickens. So, observant young naturalists, having built an incubator with their own hands, tried to solve the problem of exactly how and how often eggs should be turned over (just like a hen does).

Why turn over the material placed in the incubator? There are several reasons for this:

When turning, uniform heating of the nuclei occurs, since the heat source in the device is fixed motionless only on one side.
Uniform flow of fresh air around the eggs. This problem is relevant both in the incubation breeding of chicks, and when using a brood hen.
Periodic turning prevents the embryo from sticking to the shell membrane. If this is neglected, the percentage of hatching of chicks decreases significantly, as the embryos die.

You can track the process of formation and closing of the embryonic membrane using an ovoscope. The complete closure of the allantois is indicated by an increase in the air chamber at the blunt end. From the sharp end, the eggs become dark.

The choice of the mechanism for turning eggs in the incubator:

The minimum turning frequency is twice a day.
For horizontal laying of the incubation material, a half turn is made.
Some farmers practice turning up to 6 times a day.

Turning eggs by hand is very difficult, especially if there are a lot of them. It is much more convenient to use a mechanical or automated turner.

There are 2 types of mechanical turners:

Framework.
Inclined.

Let's consider both mechanisms in more detail.

Framework

The principle of operation of the frame mechanism is based on the rolling of the eggs by the frame, they scroll around the axis.

Important! Such a mechanism is effective only for horizontal laying of incubation material. The frame can simply move or rotate around the axis.

Benefits of a frame turn:

Low energy consumption. In the event of a power outage, you can use a backup power source.
Functionality, ease of maintenance of the mechanism.
Compact, small size.

Cons of the frame mechanism:

For the mechanism to work effectively, the shell must be perfectly clean. Even slight contamination impairs the turning efficiency.
The relationship between turning efficiency and egg size - this problem is completely eliminated in the device with frame rotation.
Risk of damage to eggs when turning - this applies to improperly adjusted equipment.

Inclined

The tilting mechanism works on the principle of a swing. It is used for equipment with vertical loading.

Advantages:

Guaranteed rotation of eggs by a given degree, regardless of diameter. This is a universal technique that is suitable for all types of poultry.
Safety, the risk of damage to the incubation material is small, since the amplitude of the movement of the eggs is small, the eggs do not touch each other so much.

Service complexity.
Relatively high cost.
The technology is large.

Important! The choice of a specific incubator model, in addition to the turning mechanism, depends on many other factors: energy consumption, size, capacity of the trays, the cost of the device, as well as the individual preferences of the poultry farmer.

Specifics of the setter tray

The frame mechanism of the coup is quite convenient and at the same time inexpensive. When choosing trays with a frame mechanism, the following should be considered:

Download volume. This is the most important indicator. You need to choose one or another characteristic, based on the number of poultry houses. If you are not going to increase the population, then buying equipment with a significant margin is pointless.
The cheapest models are made in the form of thin frames. At the same time, their reliability is minimal. The frames are easily bent, causing the mechanism to fail.

Important! The best option is models in which the cells are completely isolated, and the sides are made high.

The size of the cell should correspond to the diameter of the egg. For example, quail eggs should not be placed in a turkey egg cell. The effectiveness of the mechanism depends on this.

Important! If you want to purchase a universal device that is suitable for different types of eggs, then your option is a device with removable partitions in the trays. In such an incubator, you can lay eggs of different sizes at the same time.

Do-it-yourself incubator tray with a frame swivel mechanism

For self-manufacturing of an automated rotary mechanism, you will need to extract knowledge of mechanics and electrical engineering from the back of your memory. The choice of electric motors is quite large, so it is not difficult to choose materials. It is important to observe the following principles:

Transformation of the circular motion of the rotary part of the electric motor into reciprocating movement of the frame in the horizontal plane. This can be achieved by the connecting rod mechanism, when the rod, fixed at one of the points of the circle, converts one type of movement into another.
Since the rotor of the electric motor makes a large number of revolutions, a system of gears with different gear ratios is used to convert frequent rotations into rare movements. In this case, the time for turning the last gear should correspond to the frequency of turning the eggs (4 hours).
The amount of reciprocating movement of the frame in one direction is equal to the full diameter of the egg.

A do-it-yourself swivel tray for an incubator with an electric drive is troublesome, but necessary. So, the principle of functioning of the automated system is as follows.

To breed chickens at home, you will need to either buy an industrial apparatus or make an incubator with your own hands. The second option is convenient in that it is possible to assemble a device of the required size, and for the required number of eggs. In addition, cheap materials such as foam or plywood are used to create it. All egg turning and temperature adjustment work can be fully automated.

What you need to create a homemade incubator

The basis of any type of apparatus for breeding chicks is the body. It must keep the heat inside well so that the temperature of the eggs does not change dramatically. Since due to significant jumps, the likelihood of a healthy brood is noticeably reduced. You can make a home incubator case from a frame and plywood, polystyrene foam, a TV or refrigerator case. Eggs are laid in wooden or plastic trays, with a bottom made of slats or mesh. There are automatic trays with motors that turn the eggs themselves. Or rather, they deflect them to the side after the time indicated on the timer.

To heat the air in a do-it-yourself incubator, incandescent lamps are most often used, with a power of 25 to 100 W, depending on the size of the device. Temperature control is carried out using an ordinary thermometer or an electronic thermostat with a sensor. To avoid stagnation of air in the incubator, natural or forced ventilation is required. If the device is small, then it is enough just to make holes near the bottom and on the lid. For a do-it-yourself incubator made from a refrigerator, you will need to install fans, both above and below. This is the only way to ensure the necessary air movement, as well as an even distribution of heat.

So that the incubation process is not disturbed, you need to correctly calculate the number of trays. The distance between the incandescent lamps and the tray must be at least 15 cm.

The same distance must be left between the other trays in the do-it-yourself incubator so that the air movement is free. Also, at least 4-5 cm should remain between them and the walls.

Ventilation holes are made from 12 to 20 mm in size, in the upper and lower parts of the incubator.

Before laying eggs, be sure to check that the fans are correctly positioned and that the lamps have enough power to evenly heat the incubator. This value should not exceed ±0.5°C in each corner of the machine after it has fully warmed up.

How to make a do-it-yourself foam incubator

Expanded polystyrene is one of the most popular materials for creating an incubator. It is not only affordable, but has excellent thermal insulation properties and low weight. For the manufacture will need the following materials:

foam sheets 2 pcs. with a thickness of 50 mm;
adhesive tape, glue;
incandescent lamps 4 pcs. 25 W and cartridges for them;
fan (the one used to cool the computer is also suitable);
thermostat;
trays for eggs and 1 for water.

Before you start assembling an incubator with your own hands, you should draw up detailed drawings with dimensions.

Step-by-step instruction:

1 - water tank; 2 - viewing window; 3 - tray; 4 - thermostat; 5 - temperature controller sensor.

If desired or necessary, a fan is installed, but in such a way that the air flow hits the light bulbs, and not the eggs. Otherwise, they may dry out.

The heat inside the incubator, assembled from polystyrene with your own hands, will be retained even better if all the walls, bottom and ceiling are pasted over with foil insulation.

Incubators with automatic or manual egg turning

For the process to be successful, the eggs must be constantly turned 180 °. But doing it manually takes a lot of time. For this purpose, flip mechanisms are used.

There are several types of these devices:

mobile grid;
roller rotation;
tray tilt 45°.

The first option is most often used in small incubators, for example, foam ones. The principle of operation is as follows: the grid slowly moves from one side to the other, as a result, the eggs lying in its cells turn over. This process can be automated or done manually. To do this, it is enough to attach a piece of wire to the grid and bring it out. The disadvantage of such a mechanism is that the egg can simply drag through and not roll over. Roller rotation is less commonly used in homemade incubators with automatic egg turning, as it requires a lot of round parts and bushings to create it. The device works with the help of rollers covered with a mesh (mosquito).

So that the eggs do not roll, they are in the cells of a wooden lattice. When the tape starts to move, all the eggs turn over.

A swivel mechanism that tilts the trays is used in larger incubators, such as those made from a refrigerator. In addition, this method performs its task better than others, since in any case each egg leans. There are automatic egg turning trays. They come with a motor and a power supply. There are several smaller ones in one tray. Each rotates separately after a user-set time.

How to make a device for hatching chicks from a refrigerator or plywood

Before you start making an incubator with your own hands, you need to draw up a drawing and a diagram for connecting all the elements. All shelves are pulled out of the refrigerator, including the freezer.

Step-by-step instruction:

In the ceiling, holes are drilled from the inside for incandescent lamps and one through for ventilation.
It is recommended to finish the walls of a home-made incubator from the refrigerator with sheets of expanded polystyrene, then it will retain heat longer.
Old racks for shelves can be converted into trays or put new ones on them.
A thermostat is mounted on top of the outside of the refrigerator, and the sensor is installed inside.
Closer to the bottom, at least 3 holes are drilled for air ventilation, 1.5x1.5 cm in size.
For better circulation, you can install 1 or 2 fans on top near the lamps and the same number below on the floor.

To make it easier to monitor the temperature and eggs, it is necessary to cut a hole in the door for a viewing window. It is closed with glass or transparent plastic, the slots are carefully smeared, for example, with a sealant.

The video shows a do-it-yourself incubator made from a refrigerator.

If there is no refrigerator, then the frame is made of wooden beams, and the walls are made of plywood. Moreover, they should be two-layer, and a heater is laid between them. Bulb holders are attached to the ceiling, bars are mounted in the middle of the two walls for installing the tray. At the bottom, another additional bulb is placed for better evaporation of water. The distance between it and the tray should be at least 15-17 cm. A viewing window with a sliding glass for ventilation is made in the lid. Closer to the floor, holes are drilled along the long walls for air circulation.

By the same principle, incubators are often made from TV cases for a small number of eggs. The process of turning eggs in them is most often carried out manually, as it takes a little time. Trays can be made from rounded rails. Such an incubator does not need fans, since ventilation occurs every time the lid is opened to turn the eggs.

At the bottom of any incubator, a container of water is placed to create the optimal level of humidity required for the eggs.

To hatch a very small batch of chicks (10 chicks), 2 inverted basins can be used. To do this, one of them is turned over to the second one and fastened with a furniture canopy from one edge. The main thing is that they cannot move out of each other. A lamp holder is attached to the ceiling from the inside. Sand is poured at the bottom, which is covered with foil and hay. The foil should have many holes with a diameter of 3 mm in order for moisture to pass through it. To adjust the temperature, a bar with steps is used, which is inserted between the basins.

In order for the hatching of chicks in any incubator to occur at the same time, the eggs must be of the same size, and uniform heating of the entire space of the apparatus is also necessary.