Which fiberglass heating pipes are better. Characteristics of pipes reinforced with fiberglass and methods of their installation

According to its technical characteristics, polypropylene is a universal building material that is used for the installation and reconstruction of industrial facilities, public and residential buildings.

Currently, reinforced polypropylene pipes are widely used for the installation of heating systems, water supply and sanitary facilities. In many respects, they are significantly superior to similar products made from other materials.

The main characteristics of polypropylene pipes with fiberglass

Reinforced plastic pipes are more convenient and reliable in operation than conventional polypropylene pipes. When heated, polypropylene pipes increase and lose the necessary rigidity. Therefore, fiberglass is used to enhance the rigidity and durability of products. Fiberglass products are more resistant to extreme temperatures and aggressive substances.

Polypropylene pipes reinforced with fiberglass by extrusion, in the process of which a three-layer structure is formed. The outer and inner layers are made of polypropylene, the inner layer is made of fiberglass.

Fiberglass reinforces the pipe structure. Such products have increased strength and ductility. They are not subject to stratification, as they have a holistic structure. The fiberglass layer is organically fused into the polypropylene.

Advantages of reinforced polypropylene pipes

• have anti-corrosion properties;
• withstand high working pressure;
• weather resistant;
• low level of hydraulic resistance;
• environmentally safe.

Polypropylene pipes reinforced with fiberglass can be operated at temperatures from -50 to +350 degrees and have a service life of approximately 50 years. Reinforced models are marked as PPP-FB-PPR.

Features of the installation of polypropylene products

There are several types of welding:

• polyfusion (coupling), pipes with a diameter of not more than 63 mm are used;
• butt (flange), diameter not less than 63 mm;
• using electrical fittings.

fiberglass products cannot be bent, therefore, tees and corners are used for connection. Polypropylene pipes are used to create a variety of designs using fittings, which are divided by fastening methods, material of manufacture, etc.

According to the connection methods, there are:

• flanged;
• crimp;
• threaded;
• welded.

Polypropylene fittings are mainly welded and threaded, and have certain notches that set their position when welding. For repair in difficult conditions electric fittings are used having an electric heater.

During the installation of the pipeline, a certain order of work is observed. Since the structure of the products does not contain metal, the elements necessary in size are measured and cut with wire cutters.

In case of insufficient heating joints will be unreliable, and when overheated, deformation of the structure occurs. Installation of the product must be carried out at an air temperature of at least 5 degrees.

To avoid contact of water with fiberglass in the water supply system and possible adverse effects on human health, facers are used during pipeline installation. With their help, the internal reinforced layers are cut to a shallow depth. In the process of heating the pipe and its welding, the outer layers are melted and cover the middle one. As a result contact of fiberglass with water is excluded and at the same time improve the quality of installation.

The disadvantage of fiberglass structures is that they have a lower resistance to internal pressure. Therefore, during the installation process, more fasteners must be used. However, they have low thermal conductivity, which allows you to maintain the temperature of the coolant.

When heated, fiberglass has a greater expansion compared to the aluminum layer (by 5-6%). However, the process of installing such a pipeline is much simpler than for models with aluminum reinforcement and does not require additional processing of products. As a result saves installation time and additional costs without compromising the quality of the work.

The areas of application of polypropylene reinforced pipes are very versatile. The traditional direction is the use in plumbing, sewerage or heating systems.

For sewer facilities, products with a length of about 4 m and a diameter of 16 mm to 125 mm are used, in water supply systems - with a diameter of up to 110 mm. For underfloor heating, products with a diameter of not more than 17 mm are used.

Systems of polypropylene pipelines located under the roads are protected by reinforced concrete boxes. The advantage of reinforced products is that when freezing, the material retains its integrity. Also, they do not form deposits.

Large diameter fiberglass products can be used in ventilation systems, as they are light in weight and do not create large loads on the wooden partitions of structures.

Fiberglass reinforced polypropylene pipes are widely used in agriculture - in drainage and irrigation systems. They are used as technological pipelines for the transportation of liquids and gases that are non-aggressive to the pipe material.

Fiberglass pipes are usually reinforced with fiberglass in various colors - orange, red, blue or green. Such a coloring pigment does not affect anything. A colored strip can be applied on the longitudinal surface, which means that the red one is suitable for hot water supply, the blue one for cold water supply, and two at once - about the versatility of the model.

When choosing polypropylene pipes, you must be guided by the following parameters:

• product diameter;
• maximum temperature value;
• limiting pressure value;
• chemical impact;
• linear extension.

Of great importance is the degree of expected load on the pipes, the type of water supply, the main points of installing the heating system.

Polypropylene reinforced pipes in many respects and characteristics have proven to be the most reliable and easy to use. At the same time, they are affordable, aesthetic and make it easy to create a modern and durable system of engineering communications.

Polypropylene pipes reinforced with fiberglass appeared later than analogues with aluminum foil. But they quickly began to gain popularity in the field of plumbing during the installation of water supply and heating systems.

The technical standards of this type of equipment are in many ways superior to non-reinforced PP pipes and successfully compete with aluminum-reinforced ones.

Design and characteristics

Glass fiber reinforced polypropylene pipes are marked PPR-FB-PPR or PPR/PPR-GF/PPR, where the marking FB (fiber fiber) and GF - glass fiber means the presence of fiberglass, and PPR is a brand of universal polypropylene, successfully used in heating and hot water systems.

According to the marking, the pipes are three-layer products: polypropylene - glass fiber - polypropylene.

But due to the fact that they are produced using co-extrusion technology (combining jets of different materials into a single integral structure almost at the molecular level), layers are not glued, as, for example, with aluminum reinforcement.

That is, with their multilayer the equipment is homogeneous and does not have the ability to delaminate.

Due to this design, reinforced with fiberglass PP pipes are tougher than simple polypropylene. This somewhat complicates the installation procedure, but reduces the risk of sagging and allows the use of samples of a smaller diameter for heating and plumbing systems.

Another nuance - the rigidity of the inner layer contributes significant reduction in linear expansion characteristics for polypropylene pipes reinforced with fiberglass. This is one of the reasons why fiberglass reinforced PP pipes are used in heating systems.

The thickness and amount of the reinforcing composition is calculated in accordance with GOST standards. Fiberglass elements do not penetrate either the outer layer, where they would interfere with welding joints, or the inner layer, which would lead to a violation of sanitary standards. The absence of metal eliminates the appearance of hardness salts– means, all connections become literally monolithic.

In the manufacture of fiberglass, they are dyed in different colors, but they are not an indicator of any operational or technical characteristics. In terms of standard sizes, they correspond to other types of reinforced PP pipes., which allows the use of standard fittings and the replacement of individual sections of pipelines from the material of the old sample.

Advantages and disadvantages

Of the design flaws of fiber-reinforced propylene pipes, it can only be noted that, compared with models reinforced with aluminum, their expansion coefficient is slightly higher - by 5-6%.

But compared to non-reinforced, it is three times lower, by 75%, which allows you to increase the distance between the fasteners and reduce the cost of installation. As well as:

• They are much thinner than non-reinforced PP pipes, which is very important when they are carried in walls, while the conductivity of the coolant is higher by 20%.
• A layer of fiberglass will not allow the pipeline to break through, which ensures wear resistance and increased durability - up to 50 years.
• The strength and tightness of the joints does not require regular maintenance.


• Due to good insulating properties no condensation and heat loss is minimal.
• The slight thermal expansion minimizes the risk of damage.
• In addition, during installation, they do not require calibration and stripping, which is necessary for pipes reinforced with aluminum foil.
• The thermal conductivity corresponds to that of conventional PP pipes and is lower than that of aluminum reinforced pipes.
• Cases of delamination of AL polypropylene products are known, which is excluded during coextrusion with glass fiber.
• All materials are non-toxic and completely harmless.
• Light weight, easy to install. They are connected in any way - socket or butt soldering, threaded or flanged connection.
• Chemical resistance allows you to withstand even low-quality coolant.
• High permeability due to the smooth inner surface, respectively, and the absence of deposits.
• Pipes flexible, abrasion-resistant and quiet, are pressure resistant.
• Withstand temperature values ​​in the range of -10 - +95 Celsius.
• When reaching and even exceeding critical levels FB pipe may expand and sag, but will not burst.

Criterias of choice

Looking at the marking of the pipe, you can immediately understand for what purposes it is intended, since the abbreviation PN means "nominal pressure", and the numbers - its working indicator.

PN-10 with a wall of 1.9 - 10 mm - designed for temperatures up to 45 degrees, that is, they are applicable only in cold water supply systems. Thin-walled, withstand pressure up to 1 MPa or 10 atm. Can be used for arranging a warm floor, but taking into account the temperature regime. Diameter inside and outside - 16.2 - 90 mm, 20 - 110 mm.

PN-20 with a wall of 16 - 18.4 mm are the most in demand, as they are almost universal. Suitable for cold water supply, heating, floor heating equipment. Withstand up to 95 Celsius and a pressure of 20 atmospheres. They have excellent throughput used in private and comfortable homes, public institutions, enterprises. Diameter inside and outside - 10.6 - 73.2 mm, 16 - 110 mm.

PN-25 with a wall of 4 - 13.3 mm - designed for arranging risers, heating and water supply systems, warm floors, for industrial purposes. Working pressure - 25 atmospheres, temperature - 95 degrees. Not subject to thermal deformation. Diameter inside and outside - 13.2 - 50 mm, 21.2 - 77.9 mm.

When choosing polypropylene pipes reinforced with fiberglass for mounting a heating system you need to build on your own requirements and product specifications:

• Indications of the maximum temperature;
• Rated pressure;
• Diameter.

Accordingly, the most suitable polypropylene pipes with fiberglass for heating are PN-20 and PN-25 with d 16 - 40 mm, for warm floors - all three types. For making connections to radiators, models with a diameter of 20 to 24 mm are optimal. When installing smaller pipes, the internal seam formed during soldering can become an obstacle to the free flow of water.

Based on the above, we can conclude that a propylene pipeline with a GF layer - almost ideal option not only for sewerage or plumbing, but also for the heating system.

Besides fiberglass is an anti-diffusion barrier preventing oxygen from entering. Diffusion is fraught with acceleration of corrosion processes of all metal equipment - pumps, boilers, etc.

This happens especially quickly in water systems with high temperatures - hot water supply, heating.

Non-reinforced PP pipes cannot boast of such a property. According to many criteria, they are significantly inferior to fiber-reinforced ones, especially with regard to heating systems - polypropylene pipes without reinforcement are thicker, weaker, prone to deformation.

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What is a reinforced pipe

Polypropylene is an organic polymer that is used to make safe, cheap (compared to metal) pipes with a long service life. A significant disadvantage of pipelines made of simple polypropylene is their sagging and deformation with an increase in the temperature of the transported liquid.

The second quality of polypropylene, which creates problems in the operation of pipelines, is their linear (in length) expansion during operation in heating or hot water supply. Pipe extension reaches 10 cm per 1 linear meter and requires the installation of compensators.

With open installation, this worsens the aesthetics, adds cost. When closed, the circulation of the pipeline can cause the destruction of the plaster.

Reinforcement is the addition of a material reinforcing polypropylene to the pipe wall: aluminum or fiberglass.

Reinforcement of plastic materials with fiberglass is the latest development in this area and takes into account the disadvantages of metal reinforcement. An additional inner layer stabilizes the ductile organics, making the pipes more durable.

Reinforced plastic pipelines approach the capabilities of metal pipelines, while retaining all the advantages of an organic polymer.

Reinforced polypropylene pipe has the following qualities:

• remains inert to chemical attack;
• does not emit harmful substances, suitable for use in the food industry;
• retains the smoothness of the inner wall, does not “overgrow” with precipitation and scale;
• are dielectrics, have low noise and thermal conductivity;
• has a price lower than metal products;
• is light in weight, easy to transport;
• the coefficient of linear expansion is reduced by 5 times in comparison with conventional polypropylene;
• withstands more significant temperature and power loads;
• remains available for self-assembly.

Scope of application

Polypropylene reinforced pipes are suitable for installation:

• heating systems in centralized heating networks, private houses;
• hot water pipelines;
• industrial pipelines for the transportation of aggressive substances and food liquids (without heating).

The main consumer of polypropylene reinforced pipes is a private homeowner. Plastic products best meet the needs and capabilities of consumers. They retain the maximum service life in the conditions of autonomous heating communications, are inexpensive, easily transportable, available for self-assembly, maintenance, and repair.

Note! Polypropylene pipes (even reinforced ones) are not recommended to be installed in central heating systems in cold regions. A significant temperature difference, high loads adversely affect the durability of plastic communications.

Types of reinforcement for polypropylene pipes

There are 2 types of reinforcement of plastic products:

1. Reinforcement with aluminum foil.
2. Fiberglass reinforcement.

metal reinforcement

The essence of aluminum reinforcement is that aluminum foil is embedded in the wall of a polypropylene pipe. The edges of the foil are sealed together (in cheap products this can be done with an overlap, without fixing).

The wall of the reinforced pipe in the section is a three-layer structure, where the metal core is covered by the inner and outer layers of polypropylene.

Types of reinforcement of polypropylene with aluminum:

• the foil can be perforated (with holes over the entire area) or solid;
• the location can be strictly in the middle of the thickness or closer to the outer edge;
• the pipe wall can be three-layer or five-layer.

The five-layer wall contains additional layers of glue (adhesive) between the metal and plastic. Product marking: PP-RCT-AL-PPR (with additional layer) or PP-AL-PPR (without additions).

fiberglass reinforcement

Fiberglass reinforcement looks different. Fiberglass, by itself, is not a solid "piece" of material, but rather disparate fibers. Fiberglass fiber layer is mixed with polypropylene and also added inside the pipe.

Unlike metal reinforcement, here the wall is a monolithic system with embedded fibers. Polypropylene pipes with fiberglass are called fiberglass. Product marking: PPR-FB-PPR.

Comparative characteristics of reinforced products

Having almost the same operational capabilities, fiberglass pipes do not need a special connection method. When installing plastic with an aluminum layer inside, this layer should be removed before welding.

The metal insert mechanically separates the polymer, which during operation can cause destruction and leakage of communications. Qualitatively welding such products for a non-professional is a difficult task.

Fiberglass products are welded in a classic way. You can use any method of connecting simple polypropylene pipes without changing the algorithm of work. The solidity of the joints is the main advantage of fiberglass over aluminum. According to the coefficient of linear expansion, fiberglass loses to metal about 6%.

Note! Polypropylene pipelines with aluminum reinforcement are the most vulnerable at the junctions. This requires constant monitoring during their maintenance and operation.

Technical parameters of operation

Even plastic materials reinforced with an additional layer have limitations in operating conditions. They can be used for cold, hot water supply and for the installation of a heating system that runs on water. Such materials are not suitable for steam heating circuits.

The technical capabilities of the product are encrypted in its labeling. The labeling of the composition of the material is given above. Imported pipes may have the following indications of the material:

• Stabi - aluminum;
• Fiber - fiberglass.

The diameter marking simultaneously indicates the maximum withstand pressure in kgf / sq. cm.

Characteristics and use:

• PN 10. The maximum allowable temperature is up to 45 degrees. Used for the installation of a cold water pipeline and a floor heating device.
• PN 16. Temperature - 60 degrees, pressure 16 atmospheres. It is rarely used in the equipment of private houses. Purpose - cold and hot (limited) water supply.
• PN 20. Hot water supply. The allowed temperature threshold is up to 95 degrees, the recommended 80 degrees. The maximum pressure is 20 atm.
• PN 25 (reinforced). Installation of heating systems of any level. Temperature 95 degrees, pressure 25 atm.

Installation of reinforced polypropylene pipes

Installation of reinforced pipes is no different from welding products from simple polypropylene.

Apply:

• chemical bonding (cold welding);
• threaded connections;
• diffusion welding.

The best fastening of parts is achieved by high-quality diffusion welding.

For products reinforced with aluminum foil, the classic welding algorithm includes the stage of cleaning the welded pipe section from metal. To do this, use a special tool - a shaver.

Algorithm for welding polypropylene pipes:

1. Preparatory: products are cut to size, cleaned, degreased. The welding machine is heated to 260 degrees (do not turn off in operation).
2. Heating: the pipe is inserted into the sleeve of the welder, the fitting is placed on the mandrel. They do this at the same time, with sufficient physical effort, but without scrolling.
3. Connection: both parts are simultaneously removed from the apparatus and connected with force. During the hardening of the plastic, the parts are fixed motionless.

The process of installing polypropylene pipes is not complicated, but it requires practical skills.

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Scopes of polypropylene pipes

• Pipes made of this polymer, as well as fittings, tees, bends and couplings, are used in the arrangement of water supply networks (hot and cold water supply);
• Sewer pipes made of polypropylene stand apart;
• Heating systems of any type.

The use of polypropylene pipes in heating networks puts forward certain requirements for their design. These additional requirements are related to the operating conditions of such pipelines. As you know, the operating temperature of heating networks is somewhat different from the operating temperature, even in hot water networks.

Why reinforced pipes are used in heating systems

Reinforced polypropylene pipes for heating - the characteristics of which, allow them to be used for this, have a low coefficient of thermal expansion.

Therefore, for use in heating systems, such pipes must have a special design. This design differs from simple pipes in that a reinforcing layer is laid between two layers of plastic.

Types of reinforced polypropylene pipes

The reinforcing layer is fiberglass or aluminum foil. Both types are suitable for heating. Although, it is worth noting that fiberglass-reinforced polypropylene pipes for heating have large values ​​​​of thermal expansion coefficient.

Advantages of polypropylene pipes

Polypropylene reinforced pipes for heating have a number of advantages compared to pipelines made of other materials:

1. Long service life.
   Manufacturers of polypropylene systems give a guarantee on their products. The warranty period for such materials is usually 10-15 years. But in practice, polypropylene pipelines can easily withstand three or four warranty periods of operation.

1. Corrosion resistance.
   Polypropylene reinforced pipe for heating is not subject to corrosion, regardless of the type of coolant that is used and the type of boiler - electric or gas for heating).
   With corrosion damage to the inner walls of the pipes, areas are formed with difficult passage of the coolant through the system, which negatively affects the performance.

1. Chemical inertness.
   Water and other coolants are chemicals that, under certain conditions, enter into various chemical reactions. If the material from which the pipeline is assembled is chemically active when in contact with the coolant substance, then its integrity is violated.

1. Ease of connection and installation.
   You can easily install heating using polypropylene pipes with your own hands. For such work, you will need a minimum of special tools and equipment. No special skills or qualifications are required.

1. Connection strength.
   When joining two polypropylene elements, a very strong seam or joint is formed due to the fact that the polymer melts during joining and the joint becomes monolithic.

1. Material gas tightness.
   The walls of polypropylene pipes are absolutely impervious to oxygen and other atmospheric gases, which protects metal elements of heating systems from rust, oxidation and corrosion.

1. Economy.
   The price of polypropylene pipes is lower than copper and metal-plastic ones.

1. Material strength.
   The polymer from which the pipes are made has good mechanical strength and hardness.

Installation of polypropylene pipes

The process of welding or soldering these pipes is simple and efficient. Below is a step-by-step instruction for carrying out such work.

First you need to prepare a set of standard soldering tools. Ready-made kits are available for sale. How they look is shown in the photo below.

This set includes the following tools:

• Welding machine - soldering iron-heater for soldering the socket;
• Nozzles for pipes;
• Nippers or a special pipe cutter;
• Shaver (use it to remove aluminum foil);
• Bevel remover.

Important!
For the installation of polypropylene pipes, despite the ease and simplicity of processing and connecting the material, improvised means cannot be used.
For a quality connection, you need to use special tools.

The process of "welding" work

The parts are connected to each other in the following way. The edges of the two parts are heated until the polymer softens and are tightly connected to each other. At the junction, the molten polymer forms a monolithic joint due to the mutual penetration of material molecules between the parts to be joined.

Preliminary preparation

1. Pipes are measured and cut;

1. A chamfer is removed from the outer edge;

1. The joint is cleaned and degreased.

Soldering iron preparation

1. The welding machine is fixed on a stand;

1. The heater is turned on;
2. The soldering iron heats up to 260°C.
3. Two parts are taken that were previously prepared for connection;
4. One part is mounted on a mandrel (a special cone-shaped metal cylinder);
5. Another part is inserted into the sleeve;

Direct soldering process

1. The parts are heated in the heater (the heating time is determined according to the tables depending on the wall thickness and type of the part);
2. Parts are simultaneously removed from the heater;
3. The removed parts are quickly joined to each other without scrolling along the longitudinal axis (two parts should not be “screwed” into one another).

Heating system installation

Polypropylene pipes (more precisely, welded polymeric joints) do not require regular maintenance (unlike threaded joints of steel pipes and metal valves and fittings). Therefore, it becomes possible to lay the main heating pipes inside the walls by closed laying.

It is clear that such a system is established for a long time. Therefore, before proceeding with the direct work related to installation, it is necessary to develop a thorough plan, as well as a piping scheme with reference to specific rooms and features of walls and ceilings in buildings.

Such a preliminary plan is also useful in minimizing the process of connecting parts to each other “on the fly”. It is best to connect a large number of parts to each other on a special mounting table, and in the end, simply connect them to each other.

If the pipes are not laid inside the walls, then they are attached to the walls with clamps.

Such fastening is carried out in the following order:

• The clamp is screwed to the wall with a screw;
• A pipe is inserted into the clamp mount.

Important!
It must be remembered that polypropylene pipes cannot be directly connected to the nozzles of heating gas boilers for a private house.
For connection, it is necessary to take pieces of a metal pipe 50 cm long and of a suitable diameter, and only then connect them to the boiler nozzles.

Video showing the installation of polypropylene pipelines:

findings

Polypropylene heating systems have proven themselves in operation. They are reliable and easy to install, install and maintain. Cheapness and availability makes them quite popular for use in gas or electric heating installations.

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Pros and cons of polypropylene products

Advantages of conventional polypropylene (PPR) pipes:

• low cost - the price of such products is much less than products from metals and alloys;
• strength;
• light weight - polymer products are much lighter than similar metal products;
• resistance to low temperatures;
• chemical neutrality to most aggressive media - acids, alkalis, oil and gas products, salt solutions;
• no risk of corrosion.

Disadvantages of simple pipes:

1. A small value of the upper temperature threshold - polypropylene pipes begin to melt when they reach 175 ° C, and soften already when the temperature in the system rises to 130-140 ° C. At first glance, this should not be a problem, since the operating temperature in the heat supply system is characterized by values ​​of 90-95°C; however, when two parameters are combined - high pressure and high operating temperature - the damage received by the pipes from the coolant becomes more significant, therefore, the risk of damage to the pipes increases.
2. The tendency to expand significantly with increasing thermal load. To a greater extent, this applies to the length of products: the length of the pipes increases greatly, wavy lines appear on the surface. This is not only ugly, but also poses a threat of depressurization of the circuit or damage to wall or floor coverings, up to cracking of brittle materials - plaster or cement.

This problem is not solved by the usual methods, even the installation of compensators is not quite effective. The most logical solution is to use fiberglass reinforced plastic pipes. Characterized by all the positive properties of macromolecular compounds, and in addition by increased resistance to high temperatures, these pipes can be used in almost any heating circuits and hot water supply systems.

Comparison of pipes reinforced with fiberglass and aluminum foil

To strengthen plastic pipes and give them thermal stability, two types of reinforcement are used:

• aluminum foil;
• fiberglass.

In this case, an aluminum plate can be used in various versions: in perforated or solid form, act as an outer coating or be located in the middle of products, between polymer layers. Fiberglass is placed without fail inside reinforced plastic pipes.

It should also be noted that aluminum reinforcement allows the product to withstand more pressure within the system, so if the working pressure is not known or too high, this is the best option.

Characteristics of foil-reinforced pipes (designated PPR-AL-PPR):

• increased rigidity of products, resistance to mechanical stress and all types of deformation;
• thickness of the reinforcing metal layer - 0.1-0.5 mm (varies depending on the size of the pipe section);
• the method of joining aluminum and plastic is glue, the quality of which determines the quality of products;
• excellent tightness that does not decrease over time.

The installation of pipes with an aluminum layer is associated with some technological difficulties: before soldering or welding individual elements, the metal layer at the ends must be cleaned. Failure to comply with this recommendation will lead to a rapid loss of structural integrity - due, first of all, to the delamination of the polymer and metal during heat treatment, and secondly, due to electrochemical damage to aluminum.

Against the background of the problems listed above, polypropylene pipes with fiberglass look like a more acceptable solution:

• the reinforcing material is similar in nature and characteristics to the base polymer;
• before welding or soldering, there is no need to clean the ends;
• during the heat treatment process, the glass fiber and the alloy not only do not delaminate, but, on the contrary, form a stronger connection.

Based on this, a fiberglass reinforced pipe is in most cases an ideal solution for the design of pipelines of various technological directions.

Characteristics of fiberglass reinforced products

As you might guess, such products have three layers: two polypropylene and one reinforcing, consisting of the same material mixed with fiber fibers (fiberglass). Due to the almost identical composition, such a three-layer structure is almost equivalent to a monolithic one.

Marking of glass fiber reinforced polypropylene pipes - PPR-FB-PPR (that is, polypropylene-fiber-polypropylene). See also: "What does the marking of polypropylene pipes mean - reading features."

Characteristics of glass fiber reinforced polypropylene pipes:

• complete absence of the threat of corrosion;
• remarkable smoothness of the inner surface of the products, which resists the accumulation of deposits and, as a result, the occurrence of blockages;
• increased mechanical strength of products;
• no threat of longitudinal or transverse deformation with an increase in the internal temperature of the system;
• chemical and biological neutrality - both to aggressive environments and to waste products;
• low hydraulic resistance, therefore, the value of pressure losses is reduced to a minimum;
• good noise reduction;
• do not affect the properties of the supplied water in any way, therefore, they are absolutely safe for human health;
• long service life - with proper installation and operation - at least 50 years.

Despite the attractive characteristics of fiberglass-reinforced PPR pipes, they are inferior to products with aluminum in two respects (read also: “Types of PPR pipes and their characteristics”). Firstly, they are able to withstand less internal pressure in the system. Secondly, due to the lower rigidity for sections of pipes or pipelines from 1.5 m, it is necessary to use additional fastening fittings, otherwise they will sag and, as a result, the circuit will begin to deform, and this will create a threat of depressurization. See also: "Characteristics of reinforced polypropylene pipes - types and advantages."

With regard to the dimensional characteristics of glass fiber reinforced pipes, the following diameters are most popular:

• up to 17 mm - used for underfloor heating;
• up to 20 mm - for domestic hot water pipes;
• 20-25 mm - such pipes with fiberglass are used for heating in common areas and when installing sewer risers.

To fix pipes of smaller diameter, plastic clips are enough; for products of large sections, clamps must be used.

Installation of pipes with fiberglass

The connection of such products is carried out in the same way as ordinary plastic pipes.

There are three ways to fasten products:

1. With threaded fittings.
2. With the use of cold welding (that is, special glue).
3. Thermal welding (soldering).

The first option is produced as follows: the end of the pipe is pulled onto the fitting of the connecting element and is crimped in a circle with a mounting nut. The connection in terms of reliability (strength and tightness) is not inferior to the third method, it is permissible to use it even when designing pressure-type pipelines. The only drawback is that with an immoderate application of effort when tightening the mounting nut, it can simply burst.

In the case of cold welding, the adhesive used ensures the speed of creating a joint, but not reliability. During installation, an adhesive composition is applied to the inner surface of the polypropylene coupling, then the end of the pipe to be connected is inserted there; the connection is held motionless for some time so that the glue has time to harden.

When welding using a welding machine, the surfaces of the ends of pipes and couplings are heated; after joining, they form a single polymer mass. Such a connection is the most durable and tight.

In general, the use of pipes reinforced with fiberglass is quite justified, convenient and profitable from an economic point of view.

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Features of reinforced polypropylene pipes

Advantages of reinforced polypropylene pipes

Disadvantages of polypropylene pipes

• Sun rays negatively affect the structure of polymers, so polypropylene pipes cannot be used in open space
• linear expansion polymer reinforced pipes 2 times the expansion of metal pipes

In this regard, reinforced polypropylene pipes are used in the system hot water supply. They are produced by double co-extrusion. A layer of thermoplastic polymer is applied to the reinforcing frame under high pressure from the outside and inside. In air, the plastic hardens, resulting in a strong bond with a solid frame.

This applies to all types of polymers, and PVC, and polypropylene and other varieties. However, the technological properties of reinforcing pipes vary significantly. It depends on what material it is made of. reinforcing frame. Most often, either aluminum foil or fiberglass is used as a frame. Aluminum reinforced pipes have less thermal expansion. The diffusion barrier prevents the penetration of free oxygen through the walls of the pipes, respectively, calcium does not settle, and, therefore, the walls of the boiler and radiators do not oxidize.

Glass fiber reinforced pipes (PPR-FB-PPR) have glass fiber strands soldered into polypropylene as a carcass. These are three-layer structures consisting of an outer layer of polypropylene, a reinforcing layer of fiberglass and an inner layer of polypropylene. As a result of extrusion, all three layers are sintered into a single skin and form a very strong pipe body. Such pipes more plastic than pipes reinforced with aluminum. In addition, the radius of the latter is limited to 63 mm, while the former reach 125 mm in diameter.

The only disadvantage of fiberglass-reinforced pipes is that they are smaller than aluminum-reinforced pipes, resistance to internal pressure. In this regard, for their fasteners, it is necessary to use a larger number of fasteners. It is possible to install polypropylene pipes using glued couplings (glue is applied to the coupling and part of the pipe, and then the glue “grabs” the coupling within 15 seconds), but this method is not considered reliable. You can use press fittings for metal-plastic pipes, but diffusion welding is considered the most reliable way, when the pipe and the melted sleeve form a single body.

Due to the high popularity of reinforced pipes among consumers, some manufacturers, in order to reduce the cost of the final product, use in the production process low quality raw materials. Moreover, in appearance it is almost impossible to distinguish a quality product from a fake. Fiberglass comes in different colors, so you should not focus on its shade. The seller of polypropylene reinforced pipes must have a certificate, and he must also allow the buyer to check the condition of the product by external inspection. Fasteners must also be of high quality, in particular, they must include brass. Only high quality polypropylene pipes have a strong connection and anti-corrosion properties.

Pipe markings and their indicators

The latest development in the field of plastics production is high temperature polypropylene. "Random copolymer"(PPRC type 3). Its main advantages are:

Below are the main physical and mechanical properties of the PPRC material (type 3).

Pipes made of PPRC polymer type 3 can be used as pipeline networks for cold and hot drinking water in residential buildings and office buildings; for the operation of installations using compressed air; in heating networks; as a pipeline for agricultural needs; in an industrial pipeline network.

Consider technical characteristics of PP-R pipes three-layer glass fiber reinforced FIBER (PN 20).

Polypropylene pipes reinforced with fiberglass are ideal for systems autonomous heating and hot water supply. However, in order to maximize the best qualities of this material, it is necessary to follow the manufacturer's recommendations. Also, in order to avoid contact of water with the reinforcing middle layer, a special trimmer must be used during installation.

On the Internet, users leave a lot of positive feedback about polypropylene pipes.

Polypropylene pipes reinforced with fiberglass appeared later than analogues with aluminum foil. But they quickly began to gain popularity in the field of plumbing during the installation of water supply and heating systems.

The technical standards of this type of equipment are in many ways superior to non-reinforced PP pipes and successfully compete with aluminum-reinforced ones.

Glass fiber reinforced polypropylene pipes are marked PPR-FB-PPR or PPR/PPR-GF/PPR, where the marking FB (fiber fiber) and GF - glass fiber means the presence of fiberglass, and PPR is a brand of universal polypropylene, successfully used in heating and hot water systems.

According to the marking, the pipes are three-layer products: polypropylene - glass fiber - polypropylene.

But due to the fact that they are produced using co-extrusion technology (combining jets of different materials into a single integral structure almost at the molecular level), layers are not glued, as, for example, with aluminum reinforcement.

That is, with their multilayer the equipment is homogeneous and does not have the ability to delaminate.

Plastic glues together the fibers of glass, or fiber, located in the center, and subsequently it is they who do not allow deformation of sufficiently soft polypropylene.

Due to this design, reinforced with fiberglass PP pipes are tougher than simple ones. This somewhat complicates the installation procedure, but reduces the risk of sagging and allows the use of samples of a smaller diameter for heating and plumbing systems.

Another nuance - the rigidity of the inner layer contributes significant reduction in linear expansion characteristics for polypropylene pipes reinforced with fiberglass. This is one of the reasons why fiberglass reinforced PP pipes are used in heating systems.

The thickness and amount of the reinforcing composition is calculated in accordance with GOST standards. Fiberglass elements do not penetrate either the outer layer, where they would interfere with welding joints, or the inner layer, which would lead to a violation of sanitary standards. The absence of metal eliminates the appearance of hardness salts– means, all connections become literally monolithic.

In the manufacture of fiberglass, they are dyed in different colors, but they are not an indicator of any operational or technical characteristics. In terms of standard sizes, they correspond to other types of reinforced PP pipes., which allows the use of standard fittings and the replacement of individual sections of pipelines from the material of the old sample.

Advantages and disadvantages

Of the design flaws of fiber-reinforced propylene pipes, it can only be noted that, compared with models reinforced with aluminum, their expansion coefficient is slightly higher - by 5-6%.

But compared to non-reinforced, it is three times lower, by 75%, which allows you to increase the distance between the fasteners and reduce the cost of installation. As well as:

• They are much thinner than non-reinforced PP pipes, which is very important when they are carried in walls, while the conductivity of the coolant is higher by 20%.
• A layer of fiberglass will not allow the pipeline to break through, which ensures wear resistance and increased durability - up to 50 years.
• The strength and tightness of the joints does not require regular maintenance.
• Due to good insulating properties no condensation and heat loss is minimal.
• The slight thermal expansion minimizes the risk of damage.
• In addition, during installation, they do not require calibration and stripping, which is necessary for pipes reinforced with aluminum foil.
• The thermal conductivity corresponds to that of conventional PP pipes and is lower than that of aluminum reinforced pipes.
• Cases of delamination of AL polypropylene products are known, which is excluded during coextrusion with glass fiber.
• All materials are non-toxic and completely harmless.
• Light weight, easy to install. They are connected in any way - socket or butt soldering, threaded or flanged connection.
• Chemical resistance allows you to withstand even low-quality coolant.
• High permeability due to the smooth inner surface, respectively, and the absence of deposits.
• Pipes flexible, abrasion-resistant and quiet, are pressure resistant.
• Withstand temperature values ​​in the range of -10 - +95 Celsius.
• When reaching and even exceeding critical levels FB pipe may expand and sag, but will not burst.

True, some people are concerned about the possibility of fiber particles getting into the water. To avoid such a possibility, pipes can be treated with a trimmer - this will eliminate the contact of the reinforcing layer with water.

Criterias of choice

Looking at the marking of the pipe, you can immediately understand for what purposes it is intended, since the abbreviation PN means "nominal pressure", and the numbers - its working indicator.

PN-10 with a wall of 1.9 - 10 mm - are designed for temperatures up to 45 degrees, that is, they are applicable only in systems. Thin-walled, withstand pressure up to 1 MPa or 10 atm. Can be used for arrangement, but taking into account the temperature regime. Diameter inside and outside - 16.2 - 90 mm, 20 - 110 mm.

PN-20 with a wall of 16 - 18.4 mm are the most in demand, as they are almost universal. Suitable for cold water supply, heating, floor heating equipment. Withstand up to 95 Celsius and a pressure of 20 atmospheres. They have excellent throughput used in private and comfortable homes, public institutions, enterprises. Diameter inside and outside - 10.6 - 73.2 mm, 16 - 110 mm.

PN-25 with a wall of 4 - 13.3 mm - designed for arranging risers, heating and water supply systems, warm floors, for industrial purposes. Working pressure - 25 atmospheres, temperature - 95 degrees. Not subject to thermal deformation. Diameter inside and outside - 13.2 - 50 mm, 21.2 - 77.9 mm.

When choosing polypropylene pipes reinforced with fiberglass for mounting a heating system you need to build on your own requirements and product specifications:

• Indications of the maximum temperature;
• Rated pressure;
• Diameter.

Accordingly, the most suitable polypropylene pipes with fiberglass for heating are PN-20 and PN-25 with d 16 - 40 mm, for warm floors - all three types. For making connections to radiators, models with a diameter of 20 to 24 mm are optimal. When installing smaller pipes, the internal seam formed during soldering can become an obstacle to the free flow of water.

For risers, samples with a size of at least 32 mm should be selected, otherwise the inner diameter will be small for full circulation. Pipes with d 40, due to their massiveness, are more often used for flush mounting.

Based on the above, we can conclude that a propylene pipeline with a GF layer - almost ideal option not only for sewerage or plumbing, but also for the heating system.

Besides fiberglass is an anti-diffusion barrier preventing oxygen from entering. Diffusion is fraught with acceleration of corrosion processes of all metal equipment - pumps, boilers, etc.

This happens especially quickly in water systems with high temperatures - hot water supply, heating.

Non-reinforced PP pipes cannot boast of such a property. According to many criteria, they are significantly inferior to fiber-reinforced ones, especially with regard to heating systems - polypropylene pipes without reinforcement are thicker, weaker, prone to deformation.

Polypropylene is obtained from oil cracking products by subsequent polymerization in the presence of catalysts. It occurs when heated under high pressure.

As a result of polymerization, a mass is obtained, from which plastic products are made, including polypropylene pipes reinforced with glass fiber, which are widely used in heating and hot water supply.

With further an increase in pressure and temperature leads to a more active polymerization of the composition, leading to the adhesion of chains of molecules to each other, creating a semblance of a crystal lattice. This leads to further hardening of the material.

Why reinforced polypropylene is needed for heating

However, polypropylene as a raw material for the production of pipes has its own characteristics. in natural conditions. Pipelines for heating systems from it can sag during operation.

The second negative feature of polypropylene (PP) is its poor resistance to ultraviolet radiation. Under the influence of ultraviolet radiation, a polypropylene water pipe begins to collapse. This effect can be largely neutralized by introducing up to 2% carbon black into the composition of the plastic mass.

But such an impact is often not enough, so the strengthening of the mechanical characteristics is additionally carried out by reinforcing the pipes.

This is done as follows:

1. First of all, the base for the final product is made. It controls the inner diameter parameter.
2. During the production of the outer surface of the product, a layer of glass fibers is wound. They are characterized by high longitudinal strength.
3. Further, the resulting semi-finished product is re-extruded, in which an outer layer of the same polypropylene is applied over the fiberglass.

The mechanical and thermal characteristics of polypropylene pipes reinforced with glass fiber are significantly higher than those of non-reinforced ones.

Consider the characteristics and structure

Therefore, it seems more appropriate to use glass fiber reinforced polypropylene pipes for hot water. Another thing, when it comes to hot water supply, it is more important to have reliable oxygen protection, because oxidation products can hardly be considered beneficial to humans.

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Before purchasing polypropylene pipes for plumbing, you need to carefully read the main properties of the components in order to make a qualified choice.

Consider the main manufacturers

The marking in our case is applied directly to the outer surface of the product and includes the following data in order of location:

1. Logo and trademark of the manufacturer.
2. The designation of the material of manufacture. The letter "B" denotes a polypropylene copolymer, "H" - a homopolymer, "R" - a random copolymer. Such designations are not accepted by all manufacturers, but the designation "PP" is always applied when pipes are made of polypropylene.
3. The value of the nominal pressure for this type of product is referred to as "PN 20 (or 25)".
4. The size of the pipe is indicated by the outer diameter and wall thickness, for example "25x2.8" - that is, in the same format as metal water and gas pipeline counterparts.
5. Operating conditions class: "Class 2".
6. The maximum allowable working pressure is indicated: "5/1 MPa".
7. The last in the list of data is the regulatory document in accordance with which the products are manufactured: GOST or technical conditions.

The presence of a blue or red stripe along the outer surface naturally indicates applicability for hot water or cold water supply.

The color of products from any manufacturer is not a defining feature and may vary. The main colors used are white, grey, green and black.

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After removing the mating parts from the bushings, they are connected by pressing with hands. Turning around the axis after the connection is unacceptable, as it leads to the marriage of the connection. The point is that the surface of the parts melted to a certain depth, but they did not lose their hardness.

The process is simple, but requires attention and concentration. If you decide to do the installation yourself, it is advisable to take a few extra fittings and solder several test joints.

Advantages and disadvantages of polypropylene pipes

The main positive characteristics include the following points:

1. High quality of the internal surface of the products, as a result of which they practically do not have hydraulic resistance.
2. Chemical resistance of the material.
3. Significant margin of safety (almost twice) when used in water pipes.
4. The absence of any precipitation on the walls.
5. Hygiene.

At the same time, there are also disadvantages:

1. The need to use additional equipment during installation in the form of various soldering irons.
2. Difficulty in the repair and maintenance of plumbing systems, since the connections in them are one-piece.
3. The need for constant temperature control, since the material can withstand no more than 95 degrees.

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Polypropylene pipe reinforced with fiberglass is produced in accordance with GOST 32415-2012.

The use of polypropylene pipes in the heating system greatly simplified the installation work. At the same time, the quality indicators did not decrease. Fiberglass used for reinforcement made it possible to create durable products. In terms of its quality characteristics, this material is not inferior to aluminum, but at the same time, installation is as simple and reliable as conventional propylene products.

Characteristics and properties

Reinforced polypropylene has high protective properties and quality characteristics. Reinforcement with fiberglass allows you to create a three-layer structure. The outer and inner layers are polypropylene inserts. Fiberglass is between the main layers. Such pipes have a special marking - PPR-FB-PPR.

The fiberglass layer merges with the main mass, which prevents damage to the integrity of the structure. The material has low thermal conductivity. This makes it possible to maintain the temperature of the coolant.

Products with the use of fiberglass do not delaminate and are distinguished by excellent durability.

Installation work is carried out by welding and does not require calibration and cleaning of segments.

Main advantages

Polypropylene pipelines have excellent properties:

• not subject to corrosion, this extends the service life several times;
• able to withstand high working pressure;
• resistant to biochemical and chemical influences;
• have low indicators of hydraulic resistance, which reduces the pressure loss to a minimum value;
• very strong and reliable;
• completely safe for humans.

In addition, using polypropylene fittings, you can create complex configurations and shapes. In terms of strength, polypropylene is much better than similar building materials. But when heated, it can deform: increase in size and lose the desired rigidity.

It was to eliminate such problems that it was decided to use fiberglass. This is an unusual solid framework, which is designed to keep the polymer in a standard state.

The fiberglass construction is able to withstand significant loads. This increases the ductility and rigidity of the product.

An important advantage of pipes reinforced with fiberglass is a long service life of up to 50 years.

Purpose and application

Due to their unique characteristics, polypropylene pipes are used in various systems: plumbing, sewerage and heating. The possibility of using such pipelines is affected by the value of their diameter.

Pipes with a diameter of 20 cm or more can be used for heating in public areas with a large flow of people: shopping centers, hotels and hospitals. Products with a diameter of 20 to 30 mm are characterized by good throughput and are used for heating in private homes.

20 mm pipelines are used for hot water systems, and products with a diameter of 25 mm are used for risers.
Products with a diameter of less than 17 mm are used for the installation of underfloor heating.

Fiberglass reinforced pipes are also used in agriculture. For example, for the organization of irrigation, drainage systems, as well as for the disposal of soil and wastewater.

Due to the high resistance to chemical aggressive environments, polypropylene pipes are in demand in industrial sectors. They are used to transport chemical solutions and compressed oxygen.

Comparative characteristics

An important advantage of pipelines reinforced with fiberglass can be considered the minimum linear expansion, which contributes to greater strength.

In addition to fiberglass, aluminum is also used to reinforce the structure. Reinforcement with aluminum creates a multilayer structure in which the aluminum layer is under a thin polypropylene layer. It seems to grow into it, as a result, a reliable connection is obtained.

This method of strengthening pipes allows you to get excellent performance. But there are also disadvantages. The installation of pipes with aluminum is complicated due to the need to clean individual areas of the reinforcing layer. This procedure requires a serious approach and certain knowledge.

A fiberglass reinforced structure does not need to be cleaned before welding. This is its main advantage.

The glass fiber layer is used as an oxygen barrier. Therefore, such pipes can be safely used in various heating systems.

Aluminum or fiberglass?

Products with fiberglass have the following features compared to pipes reinforced with aluminum:

• the expansion coefficient is less by 75% in contrast to analogues with aluminum;
• it is possible to increase the distance between the supports, which saves on installation work;
• service life is significantly increased;
• the thermal conductivity of such pipes is lower than that of products reinforced with aluminum;
• increased value of the conductivity of the coolant.

If you plan to install the heating system on your own, then it is better to choose a material using fiberglass.

Pipe selection criteria

When choosing the right option for heating, you should pay attention to the following parameters:

1. diameter value.
2. Maximum temperature.
3. maximum operating pressure.
4. chemical resistance.
5. features of linear expansion.

The lower the load on the pipes, the longer their service life. Before you make a choice, you need to decide on the type of water supply and the functional load. It is also important to familiarize yourself with the main stages of installing a heating system.

Mounting Features

Polypropylene structures are mounted with a special welding machine. During work, a certain sequence must be observed. There is no metal in the composition of the products, so the necessary sections just need to be measured and cut off with wire cutters. Then a chamfer is made for a tight and tight connection, for this a special machine is used.

Pipe welding must be carried out with an inverter designed for this purpose; each brand of polypropylene products has its own temperature for cooking. After the seam has cooled, the communications are ready for operation.