Facts about people who love coffee. Curious facts about coffee (5 photos)

Coffee is called the favorite drink of the modern civilized world. It does not solve our problems, but it helps to make life better. He can have different tastes - hopes, sadness or dreams. Science is still arguing about its harmfulness or usefulness, and coffee lovers are still arguing about how to brew that very perfect cup. Not all of its mysteries have been unraveled, and the myths have been debunked. And interesting facts from the history of coffee are closely intertwined with the history of mankind.

Workaholics are contraindicated

It is believed that coffee helps to wake up and perfectly stimulates a person to work. However, it has been proven that it has such an effect only on people prone to laziness. It has the opposite effect on workaholics. It has also been found that women become more energetic after this, while men, on the contrary, slow down the pace of work, and even become less confident in their own results.

It makes an excellent… tea

True, not the grains of the coffee tree are used for this, but its leaves. Such tea has a rich taste without bitterness, it is less strong and contains less caffeine, but more - useful antioxidants. It is especially considered beneficial for heart patients and diabetics.

If the doctor forbade

For those who, for health reasons or for other reasons, cannot drink coffee, inhaler manufacturers took care of it by inventing a device that makes it possible to take a dose of caffeine by breathing from a portable cartridge, which is enough for 6-8 puffs.

Sales leader on world exchanges

In terms of volumes sold, coffee outstrips only oil. The two dark colored liquids are an interesting coincidence.

The first webcam was created for coffee

Designed and installed at the University of Cambridge so that, without wasting time walking, to be able to see if the university coffee maker is empty.

Five shades of black

Doctors have their own gradation of coffee drinks according to harmfulness. As the benefit decreases, it simply looks like this.

Cappuccino. It is in the first place under the condition of traditional use without sugar and with cinnamon, which improves metabolism.
Espresso. 1-2 cups a day will help the brain work. But it is worth adding sugar, and it will be possible to push the espresso to the last place.
Americano. It is good for its moderation, but it is dangerous for the risk of not calculating the amount due to weak strength and sorting out with caffeine.
Latte. For richness of taste, it is boiled in whole milk, and even in cream. The result is 8g of fat per serving. And if you add sweet syrup ...
Mochachino chocolate. If not for the imitation of chocolate taste with all sorts of flavors instead of real cocoa beans and a large amount of sugar, he could have topped the table. But, alas.

What can coffee do?

Kill. Doctors call a lethal dose 80-100 cups in one day.
Treat. Studies conducted independently of each other have shown that drinking several cups (up to 5) per day reduces the risk of colon and liver cancer, heart attack, diabetes and Parkinson's disease, and also postpones an unwanted meeting with "old man Alzheimer's".
Increase libido in women. With one caveat - we are talking about irregular use, from case to case.
Reduce pain during prolonged muscle exertion or stiff muscles from prolonged immobility.
Relieve a hangover. The reason is the ability to block acetaldehyde, preventing it from being converted to acetate under the influence of ethanol, which is usually the cause of migraine hangovers. However, the method itself is not harmless to the body.
Disrupt the circadian rhythms of the body. Because of this, you can really not receive signals about the desire to sleep and stay awake at night, but the body does not immediately come into order after that.

Failed Experiment

The rejection of coffee and even the hatred of the Swedish king Gust III was so great that a ban was introduced on the use of the drink, and violators were punished with a fine, which, as usual, only increased the popularity of the forbidden fruit.

In order to prove to the people the harm of "narcotic swill", the king decided on a demonstrative experiment. Having chosen two criminals sentenced to death similar in all characteristics (according to some sources, twins), he changed the sentence to life imprisonment, provided that one of them daily consumed tea, and the other exclusively coffee. A doctor and a guard were assigned to the prisoners in order to monitor the cleanliness and the results of the experiment. The irony of fate was waiting around the corner - neither the warden, nor the doctor, nor the king himself saw the results of the experiment before he lived to see its completion. The test subjects both lived safely to a ripe old age. The first to die at the age of 83, spoiling the whole idea, was a tea consumer. A good life span, even with drinks, even without them. How long the second participant in the experiment lived, the history of the data did not save.

The coffee house is the favorite place of the conspirators

No wonder Gustov was afraid of coffee, oh, no wonder. Places of public drinking of the drink for many centuries often became the epicenter of conspiracies and the center of attraction for freethinkers. In this regard, they were repeatedly officially closed in different years in different countries. And they did the right thing, because it is reliably known that it was there that the idea of at least one revolution, the Great French Revolution (1789), matured and hatched.

Coffee Traditions in Italy

Since the Italians are famous for their reverent attitude to everything related to the meal, they have their own special traditions regarding coffee drinking.

Robusta and Arabica

Robusta is the genetic parent of Arabica and is still often used in breeding to produce certain protective genes "for your child". Considering Robusta as a second-rate raw material, producers often neglect the growing conditions that are mandatory for Arabica, not observing even a tenth of them. If not for this fact, its taste would be much higher. Where it is grown according to all traditional canons, the result is an order of magnitude higher, and you can often get rare, very unexpected and very interesting tastes in a cup.

Coffee from ... poop

Divine, elite, prestigious, with a large number of noble epithets and the most expensive in the world today - luwak coffee (luwak) is extracted from musang litter. This little cute animal with sad eyes is a necessary link in the chain to get the "drink of the gods." And all thanks to his love for coffee beans and special enzymes, under the influence of which these beans, leaving the animal's digestive tract in a natural way, acquire their delicious deep taste. The owner of the farm can only pick out the golden product from the musang excrement and sell it to coffee gourmets at a fabulous price.

Coffeedrema - life hack for workaholics

This is a real salvation for those who terribly want to sleep, and there is still no end to the work. And this is not a pseudoscientific duck, but a proven and verified fact. The action is as follows. When the eyes stick together, and there is no strength, but it is necessary, it is recommended to quickly, without fuss, drink a cup of espresso and immediately go to sleep. Paradoxical? Yes, but only at first glance. It takes about 15-20 minutes for caffeine to reach the brain. About the same amount a person needs to fall into a deep sleep, from which it is so hard to get out later. Awakening in the short phase of sleep is usually easy and painless. A cup of coffee will work like an alarm clock, the brain will have enough time to “reset”, and the result will be cooler than from 10 cups of coffee or a two-hour siesta.

Coffee in the lives of the greats

The fact that the biography of many celebrities contains facts about the role of coffee in their lives already says a lot about itself.

It is impossible not to mention this sovereign in the history of the distribution of coffee in Russia, since it was he who began to instill in the Russian peasant a love for an overseas drink. And the reason and the root cause for this was a steaming fragrant cup, presented to him in a deep curtsy by a charming German woman, who later almost became a Russian queen.

Catherine the Great

She preferred a very strong drink, however, like everything else in her life, but she diluted it with a small amount of cream. Also quite in her spirit. She, quite possibly, also owns the first coffee scrub. After drinking her portion, she added soap to the thick and used the mass for face and body care.

Napoleon

Contemporaries claim that all important decisions were made by this tireless conqueror over a cup of coffee. However, during the economic blockade of hostile England and the ban on the import of products from the British colonies, including coffee, Bonaparte deprived himself of his favorite drink in the interests of the state. He endured the deprivation hard, but the opportunity to drink coffee again brightened up the bitterness of defeat on St. Helena. It is known that he added to the cup, in addition to sugar, salt and cognac.

Anna Akhmatova

The poetess had a curious habit of testing new acquaintances in the following way - coffee or tea? Also, the test was supplemented with two more dichotomies: "Pasternak or Mandelstam", as well as the banal "cat or dog". In the answers to these questions, she saw the opposite poles of human nature, a kind of "Yin and Yang", on the basis of which she made decisions with her characteristic simplicity and accuracy. The most "talking" combinations for her were "tea, dogs, Pasternak" and, accordingly, "coffee, cats, Mandelstam." The first she perceived as mentally healthy, optimistic and rustic, but reliable. It was for her "Moscow". The second are charismatic, addicting and refined people, but have little moral (“Petersburg”).

Brodsky

The poet loved coffee madly and treated it with the greatest trepidation. Putting a saucepan with the strongest drink on the fire in the morning, he drank it throughout the day, warming it up from time to time. But the most interesting was his ritual of pouring portions for himself and his guest. It seemed endless: a little for himself, an inch for the guest, again for himself, and again a little for the guest. When, finally, the coffee in the saucepan was over, he long and carefully assessed the result and sometimes began to pour from one cup to another until the level of his attitude of that day and the current situation fully corresponded. When the doctors advised him to give up cigarettes and coffee at least in the morning, he said that then there was no point in waking up.

Beethoven

I always counted exactly 60 grains per cup (1.5 times stronger than espresso). He had a completely unbearable character, but he respected and loved coffee so much that he could offer a cup with the impolite wording "before I ask you to go out."

He drank at least 50 cups a day and could get around half of Paris if he could not find beans of the proper quality.

Working as a scribe and receiving a meager salary, he often agreed to stay on duty instead of others with the sole purpose of earning another serving of coffee.

The soluble analogue was invented in 1910 by none other than George Louis Washington.
Adding milk to a cup began in the 17th century after a doctor from France advised his patients to do so.
Russia in the list of drink consumption per capita is in the 56th place in the world ranking.
Light roasted beans have more caffeine than dark roasted beans.
Its content in grains, among other things, largely depends on the amount of moisture that the growing tree has received. Plants synthesize this substance to protect against harmful insects and attract those needed for pollination.
More than half of the 1200 chemical compounds present in grains are responsible for the taste.
Once at Foynes Airport in Ireland, a local chef decided to help warm passengers who were frozen by adding whiskey to their drink. This is how Irish coffee was born.
American soldiers fighting in Europe during World War II found espresso to be very strong and began to dilute it with water. This is how the Americano was born.
In a drink positioned as “decaffeinated”, it is still present, albeit in a lower concentration. Its quantity in 5 cups is equal to one traditional. At the same time, chemicals are used to wash out this element, in particular, methylene chloride.
In Japan, there is an institution where you can swim in coffee or green tea.

It’s not “harmful” caffeine that makes the taste bitter, but beneficial antioxidants.

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Your body naturally produces the hormone cortisol in the morning, which will help you feel alert and refreshed. This is due to the peculiarities of the human body, the so-called circadian circadian rhythms. So if you have a habit of drinking coffee in the morning to wake up, then it doesn't make sense at all. It is much better to wait until the level of cortisol drops, and this will come after 9-10 o'clock in the morning, and even then.

Coffee does not dehydrate the body

Great news! Caffeine has long been accused of diuretic properties, but this is actually not true. If you do not drink coffee in large quantities (more than 500-600 mg per day, or two cups), there will be no negative effects.

Studies have shown that diuresis does not change significantly from the fact that a person drinks caffeinated drinks. So as long as you enjoy coffee in moderation, there is no big reason to worry.

Coffee was discovered thanks to Ethiopian goats

According to legend, the Ethiopian shepherds were the first to start drinking coffee after seeing how goats behaved, who chewed the berries of this plant with pleasure.

Coffee will help you live longer and healthier

Coffee is high in antioxidants (it's the largest source of antioxidants in the average Westerner's diet!). This helps in the fight against the so-called free radicals, which are the cause of many serious diseases. As a result, coffee drinkers are less likely to contract diseases such as Parkinson's disease, diabetes, and heart disease.

Coffee contains important nutrients needed for survival

Drinking coffee can help you burn fat

Studies have shown that drinking caffeine can increase your metabolism by 3 to 11%. This is one of the few chemicals that actually helps you lose weight!

Coffee is grown in a strictly defined area called the coffee belt of the planet.

The coffee belt unites all regions that have the conditions necessary for the growth of coffee. Since this plant requires a lot of sunlight and heat, all these areas are near the equator.

The entire effect of coffee is caused by tiny 0.0016-inch caffeine crystals entering your body. So small, but they work!

Coffee is grains of berries that are red, yellow or green.

See those berries that grow on trees? This is what the contents of your cup of coffee looked like before!

Caffeine starts to work very quickly

It only takes about 10 minutes from the first sip to the onset of caffeine!

Black Ivory is the most expensive coffee, and it's made from excrement.

The most expensive coffee in the world is made from elephant dung and it's called Black Ivory. It costs $50 for one cup. To get 1 kilogram of coffee of this variety, you need to feed the elephant 33 kilograms of fresh coffee berries. After they have been digested, the wives of the elephant drivers collect the dung, knead it, and take out coffee from it.

Coffee is good for your liver

People who drink four cups of coffee a day are 80% less likely to develop cirrhosis of the liver.

In 1991, a group of scientists at the University of Cambridge pointed a camera at a coffee pot in order to observe the process of making coffee from the next room. The picture above shows photos taken with that first camera.

Caffeine increases your adrenaline levels and releases fatty acids from adipose tissue, resulting in better results for those who drink coffee before a workout.

Do you know more interesting facts about your favorite drink? Write about them in the comments!

Coffee is an amazing drink that people all over the world love to drink. Many people cannot start their day without a cup of morning coffee. Of course, there is a lot of talk about the dangers of caffeine, that coffee reduces the amount of calcium in the bones and negatively affects the functioning of the heart, but this drink also has a number of useful properties.

In particular, researchers recently found that coffee drinkers are less likely to commit suicide than coffee drinkers. The risk of suicide attempt among coffee drinkers is reduced by 50% due to the effects of caffeine, as it affects the body's production of serotonin and dopamine, neurotransmitters associated with emotions.

This is not the only useful property of coffee - we bring to your attention a few more facts about it that we learned.

1. Coffee invigorates only the lazy

Coffee is a great incentive for those who like to be lazy. For such people, coffee is, but for workaholics, on the contrary, it is contraindicated in this capacity, since it produces the opposite effect.

Psychologist Jay Hawking came to this conclusion by experimenting with rats. Just like humans, rats tend to look for ways out of various situations and solve problems they encounter, such as navigating a maze. It turned out that caffeine significantly reduced the activity of the most mobile rodents. The same rats that were initially “lazy” began to behave more actively after caffeine.

An interesting fact is that coffee invigorates women more than men: women become more energetic after several cups, and men begin to work more slowly and doubt the results.

2. Coffee cures hangovers

The most unpleasant thing about a hangover is a headache - the strongest migraines can completely poison your mood and prevent you from concentrating on work. Unfortunately, getting rid of a hangover migraine is sometimes difficult even with the help of analgesics.

However, from a hangover headache coffee. Pain is formed due to the formation of acetate in the body under the influence of ethanol. Coffee also helps to block the conversion of acetaldehyde to acetate and, as a result, get rid of pain. Just do not get too carried away with this method of treatment - for a person with an average body weight, a cup of coffee with a volume of 100-150 ml is enough.

3. You can make tea from coffee

The taste is no less interesting than the taste of the drink from its grains. Tea, which can be brewed from coffee leaves, is not as strong as coffee itself, but it has a rich taste without the usual tea bitterness.

What's more, coffee tea contains less caffeine and more antioxidants than regular black tea, and lowers the risk of diabetes and heart disease due to its high levels of specific compounds.

4. Coffee can be simply inhaled

Especially for people who cannot imagine their life without caffeine, but for some reason cannot drink coffee regularly, a portable inhaler "" was developed, which looks like a plastic cylinder the size of a hunting cartridge. Each such device contains 100 mg of caffeine. In fact, it is a calorie-free alternative to coffee and other energy drinks.

To take a dose of caffeine, you just need to pull the bottom green edge of the cartridge and inhale. The total substance in the inhaler is enough for six to eight puffs. You can not drink everything at once, but close the valve and save some of the caffeine for later.

5. The safe dose of caffeine is 400 mg per day

Each person reacts to caffeine differently depending on their metabolism. It has long been established that the abuse of coffee can adversely affect health, and the safe dose of caffeine for each person is individual and depends on both physiology and the way the substance is consumed.

According to a 2003 study, the safe dose of caffeine for a healthy adult is (approximately 500 mg of coffee). Large doses can cause heart problems or negative mood changes.

However, you should not forget that pregnant women need to reduce this rate by almost half, since with an excess of caffeine in the body, the likelihood of miscarriage increases. In addition, smokers should also consume less coffee than non-smokers because their bodies detox more slowly.

6. Caffeine Helps You Take a Point of View Different From Your Own

Caffeine can: in particular, it helps you agree with a statement that you previously disagreed with, as it increases the brain's ability to perceive the logic of other people's judgments.

True, the stronger during the discussion of a particular issue to be distracted by something not related to the subject of the conversation, the less likely it is to convince the opponent, since he will not be able to focus on the topic and pay due attention to the arguments given.

7. The most expensive coffee in the world is made from elephant dung.

This type of coffee is called "", it is made in Thailand. Thai elephants are fed with coffee fruits, the beans are not completely digested in their intestines and are excreted along with excrement, and due to the digestion process and the effects of gastric acid, the drink from the grains processed in this way has a special rich and mild taste without the usual coffee bitterness. In addition, the taste of grains is influenced by other foods that elephants usually eat, such as bananas and sugar cane. On average, it takes about 15–30 hours for an animal to digest coffee beans.

The cost of this type of coffee is $1100 per kg, but if you just want to try it, then you will have to pay $50 for a cup. The cost is due to the fact that keeping elephants in nature reserves is not so cheap. In addition, elephants are specially fed only Thai Arabica coffee grown at an altitude of 1500 m, and elephants need to eat about 32 kg of coffee fruits to produce one kg of coffee beans.

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1. The coffee bean is actually inside a red berry.

2. Coffee grows on trees that can be up to 30 feet tall. The man decided that it was more convenient to collect coffee fruits from trees, about 10 feet (3 m) high, and made the necessary adjustments to the natural process.

3. One coffee tree produces less than half a kilogram of beans per year, and lives 60-70 years.

4. 70% of coffee lovers drink Arabica, which has a mild and aromatic taste, the remaining 30% - Robusta, this variety has a bitter taste, and caffeine in it is 50% more. "Robusta" is considered a low-class variety, but from the trees that bear these fruits, which are more resistant to disease and drought, you can harvest twice as much. Arabica contains 1% caffeine, Robusta contains 2%. Instant coffee producers often mix Robusta with Arabica.

5. The term "Americano" appeared during the Second World War. The brave American soldiers could not drink strong European coffee and asked to dilute it with water.

6. Espresso has less caffeine than drip coffee. It's in the way. Espresso is made very quickly by forcing water through ground beans under strong pressure. Less contact of water and coffee - less caffeine, but what a taste!

7. Green (that is, unroasted) coffee beans can be stored for a whole year in a cool, dry place and will not lose their taste. After the grains are roasted, their flavor properties begin to disappear after about 48 hours.

8. In 1675, King Charles II of England closed all local "coffee houses" because he considered coffee houses to be gathering places for citizens opposed to him. His example was later followed by the monarchs of different countries and more than once. The trend, however :).

9. Most people drink coffee in… Finland. There are 5 cups of coffee per adult per day. It is strange that Estonia does not share this place with the Finns ...

10. In most countries where coffee is grown, it is still harvested by hand. An experienced coffee picker can collect approximately 7 baskets of coffee beans per day, each basket weighing 50-100 kg. Such work is paid - from $ 2 to $ 10 per basket. After the beans are dried and roasted, the price will increase to $110 per basket.

11. October 1 is the official "Coffee Day" in Japan, which is the world's third largest coffee drinker.

12. Scientists have found more than 800 aromatic compounds in coffee.

13. Coffee is the second best-selling commodity in the world. First up is oil. Cigarettes, apparently, were not taken into account ...

14. Instant coffee was invented by… a Belgian in 1906. And his name was George Washington ... Which fact is the strangest - decide for yourself.

15. Coffee drink is over 700 years old.

16. A cup of black coffee without sugar contains no calories.

17. Caffeine suppresses appetite, accelerates calorie consumption and general metabolic processes in the body. Excess fat burns 20% faster if you drink 6 cups of coffee a day, combining this enjoyable activity with exercise and a low-calorie diet.

18. Caffeine improves mood. This is due to an increase in the production of dopamine, which stimulates the area of the brain responsible for pleasure.

19. One cup of coffee is more than 300 antioxidants that will linger in your body for a month.

20. Caffeine enhances the effect of pain medications, especially aspirin and paracetamol. “Guilty” is the acidity of the stomach, which rises immediately after you take a cup of coffee “on your chest”. Bottom line: after a cup of coffee, the stomach accepts and dissolves painkillers with greater "joy".

21. The word "cappuccino" is the result of several linguistic derivations (mixing of languages). The history of the term began in the 16th century, and began thanks to the order of the Capuchin monks, who after 1525 played an important role in the return of Catholicism to a reformed Europe. The Italian component - capuccio is taken from the "bonnet" - an element of the monk's attire. Then came the French word capuchin, from which the English capuchin had already been borrowed. The first recorded mention of the term "cappuccino" in English refers to 1948 (a book about San Francisco). There is another version of the appearance of this term: the coffee is dark, like a monk’s clothes, the “cap” of whipped cream resembles the color of his hair.

22. Once upon a time, Turkish grooms during the wedding ceremony made a promise that their wives would always be provided with ... coffee. Failure to fulfill a vow could easily lead to divorce.

23. Italians drink espresso with sugar, Germans and Swiss add hot chocolate, Mexicans add cinnamon, Belgians chew chocolate in the process. Moroccans drink coffee with pepper, Ethiopians drink it with a pinch of salt. In the Middle East, cardamom and other spices are usually added to coffee. Cappuccino is popular among Austrians. The Egyptians are very fond of "clean" and strong coffee, they rarely add sugar, milk or cream.

24. The first coffee house in Paris was opened in 1689 and was called Procope. The owner was a lemonade seller, Francois Procope. The cafe was opposite the theater, so its main visitors were actors and artists.

25. In Italy, coffee appeared in 1615, and in 1720 in Venice, on St. Mark's Square, the Florian cafe was opened, which was visited by Casanova, Goethe, Rubinstein, and the Guardi cafe, where Byron and Liszt often went.

26. Coffee lovers visit the dentist less often. The chemical elements contained in coffee prevent bacteria from settling on tooth enamel.

27. The first coffee house in Vienna was opened by a Pole Kolzhitsky (Kolschitzky). He was a real coffee fan who managed to save more than one bag of coffee beans when the Turks, hastily leaving the city, set a huge fire in it. At least Austria received at least one bonus from the Turkish siege. So the Austrians already in 1683 learned what it is to really cheer up.

28. Caffeine is on the list of substances banned by the International Olympic Committee. If an athlete's urine is found to contain more than 12 micrograms of caffeine (per liter) during doping control, he is removed from the competition.

29. In Bedouin homes, coffee is usually prepared with ginger or cardamom. It has a yellow ... color and a very pleasant taste. At the same time, the guest is greeted like this: "My house is your house."

30. In Uganda, green coffee beans are mixed with sweet herbs and spices, dried and hung around the house in bags. It is a talisman and decoration at the same time.

32. The first American coffee trader in America was a certain Dorothy Jones from Boston, she received a license to sell it in 1670.

33. During the American Civil War, when coffee was in short supply, New Orleans used chicory as a substitute. Today, they still add chicory to coffee, as well as high-fat hot milk.

34. In ancient times, the first coffee houses of Constantinople were called "qahveh khaneh" - "schools of wisdom", because men gathered there and discussed art and literature.

35. The main conclusion of a recent study by scientists at New York University is that people need only one hour to understand whether they are compatible or not. Therefore, they suggest that all first dates be spent in coffee shops, where it is difficult to linger if there is no really important pretext.

36. To make a good espresso, the four “M” rule applies: Macinazione (correct grinding), Miscela (correct blending of varieties), Macchina (coffee machine) and, of course, Mano (barista).

37. Beethoven was a famous coffee drinker and he followed the rule of making himself a cup of coffee using 60 coffee beans, no more, no less.

38. Rumors: Louis XV spent 15 thousand dollars a year on coffee for his daughters, and Voltaire drank 50 cups of coffee a day.

39. In Greece and Turkey, seniors are served coffee first. This is a tradition.

40. The world's largest supplier of coffee is Brazil, more than 3970 million coffee trees grow on the plantations of this country. In second place is Colombia, it has an honorable two-thirds of the Brazilian magnificence. However, recently, this monopoly has been broken by… Vietnam, which is considered the largest supplier of “cheap” Robusta beans.

41. A popular tradition to add various aromatic components to a coffee drink appeared in America in the 70s of the 20th century.

42. Drink 4 cups of coffee a day, this minimizes the risk of getting gallstones or cirrhosis of the liver, and possibly both ... In addition, caffeine addicts reduce the chance of becoming a victim of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, and significantly - by 60%!

43. The largest variety of coffee beans is the Nicaraguan Margogipe.

44. Christians were able to enjoy the magnificent taste and aroma of coffee only thanks to Pope Clement VIII, who, having appreciated this drink, lifted the ban on its use. Previously, coffee was considered the drink of infidels.

45. Deeper roasted coffee beans actually have less caffeine. And more of it in grains of medium roast. The longer the beans are roasted, the more caffeine they lose.

46. Until the tenth century, coffee was considered food. For example, the Ethiopians mixed coffee with animal fat, rolled balls from this mixture and were saturated with “food” during long nomadic journeys.

47. The first coffee grinder was invented by a London ... locksmith in 1665, and the coffee grinder was patented only in 1798.

48. The coffee maker was invented in France in 1827.

49. The German physician Leonhard Rauwolf, who returned from a ten-year trip to the Middle East in 1561, gave the following description of coffee: “Drink black, like ink, useful for the treatment of numerous diseases, especially the stomach, served in a porcelain cup, consists of water and the fruit of the tree, called bunnu."

50. Coffee owes its popularity to Islam. This religion forbids believers from drinking wine, but does not forbid drinking coffee. In ancient times, among the Arabs, coffee and wine were denoted by one word "qahwa". Initially, Arab Sufi monks drank coffee, but in the 15th century in the East, the drink became widespread, the first coffee houses appeared - “kaveh kanes”.

51. The Arab monopoly on coffee was broken by a Muslim pilgrim from India - Baba Budan. Around 1650, according to legend, he managed to take out of Mecca, literally "on himself", seven seeds of a coffee tree. He planted them in the southern part of India in the Chickmaglur region. These trees are, in fact, the "parents" of most of the coffee trees that are now growing all over the world.

52. Properly brewed coffee is 98.76% water and 1.24% solids derived from the coffee bean.

53. A lot of books have been written on the history of coffee, much attention is paid in them, in fact, to the historical moment of the discovery of the wonderful properties of coffee beans. Here is the shortest and most common option. According to legend, we should thank an ordinary shepherd for coffee. Around 800 B.C. e. (according to another version - 500s AD) an Ethiopian shepherd named Kaldi (Kaldi), herding goats, noticed that sometimes they become too frisky and mobile. Observing his "wards", Kaldi found that they peel off bushes with dark shiny leaves, or rather, they eat red fruits. The shepherd decided to try the berries and after a short time noticed an unusual stimulating effect. He took the berries to a local monk who boiled them. The drink turned out to be bitter, but after drinking a little, the monk felt the same invigorating effect that Kaldi had told him about. And the drink became popular among the monks because it helped to maintain strength and good spirits in unceasing prayer for a longer time.

54. After harvest, coffee berries should be processed as soon as possible to avoid fermentation. There are two processing methods: dry and wet. Dry processing is also called "natural" because it does not involve washing the berries, which are simply dried in the sun for 15 to 20 days. Then, manually or with the help of a special machine, the dried pulp (pulp) is removed from the berries. Coffee has been processed this way for centuries. "Wet" processing involves the removal of berry pulp just a few hours after harvest with water. This method is considered more correct, since the grains are less damaged during processing and cleaning. The coffee beans are then sorted by size and bagged, and what is not suitable for export, as a rule, is used in the local trade.

55. For the coffee that ends up in your cup to be delicious, the beans must be properly roasted. Proper roasting is both art and science at the same time, a recipe that has been tested for centuries. During the roasting process (temperature 370F to 450F, or about 188C to 232C, time up to 20 minutes), green coffee beans lose approximately 18-23% in mass, decreasing in size from 35% to 60%, and changing color from light to brown to dark brown. The designations Mild (soft), Medium (medium) or Dark (strong) that you see on the packaging of coffee beans are the degree of roasting. Today, on coffee packages, you can also find such designations: American roast, French roast, Italian roast, Turkish roast - from the lightest roast to, practically, coals.

56. Although no one doubts the fact that coffee beans lose their aroma over time, disputes arise about how long they “require” for this. The truth is that coffee beans, provided you open the vacuum pack, will begin to lose their flavor after three weeks, and ground coffee after a week. Hence the conclusion - a coffee grinder should be used only when you really decide to make yourself a cup of coffee, and not grind grains for future use. Do not deprive yourself of a simple, inexpensive and healthy pleasure.

57. If your espresso machine can't grind coffee or you're using a "drip" coffee maker, it's good to know how much time you need to spend on one grind. Coarse grinding (short in time) guarantees clogging of your coffee machine. And if you grind the beans for a long time, you won’t be able to enjoy the high-quality aroma of coffee, it will be weak and “watery”. For a “drip” coffee maker, the grinding time should be from 15 to 20 seconds (do not forget to shake the coffee grinder several times during the process so that all the grains are properly ground), for an espresso machine - 20-25 seconds. For machines with a cone paper filter, a time of 25 to 30 seconds is suitable. For a French press - 10-12 seconds.

58. We remind you that Arabica contains 1% caffeine, Robusta - 2%. When you see 97% decaffeinated on a coffee package, that's 97% from 1% or 2%. And - that's right, this is the so-called decaffeinated or decaffeinated coffee. Today, two methods are used for decaffeination, the so-called. "European" and "Swiss". The “European” method got its name because it was in Europe that “chemical abuse” of noble grains was first committed. The essence of the method: the beans are soaked in water, and then "washed" in ethylene chloride - it is this substance that draws caffeine from the grains. Next, the beans are washed, dried and sent for roasting. The advantage of the "European" method over the "Swiss" method is that this treatment preserves the taste of coffee better. The “Swiss” method or, as it is also called “Swiss water processing”, is a more humane method, no chemicals are used, the beans are washed with hot water and steam, then the resulting water is passed through carbon filters to remove caffeine. Once the active ingredient is removed from the water, the beans are placed in the same "decaffeinated" water so that they soak up everything they gave up except for the caffeine. The method, of course, is environmentally friendly, but along with caffeine, a certain amount of oils is also removed from the beans, so the resulting coffee is less aromatic.

59. “Coffee makes people waste their time and money. And all this because of a small cup of black, bitter, angry, smelly puddle of sick water. - Women's petition against coffee, 1674.

60. “Coffee should be black as hell, strong as death, and sweet as love.” - Turkish proverb.

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