The working surface of the wood after cutting needs special treatment. Grinding will help to eliminate roughness and other flaws for further application of paintwork.

A do-it-yourself wood grinder is able to perform the final technological operations related to calibrating and leveling surfaces. At the same time, the cost of acquiring such equipment will be minimized. Unlike factory models, they are small in size, so they are easy to install in the workshop, in the garage or in the barn. To work with them do not need special qualifications. It is enough to know the functional features of the device and follow the safety precautions. Grinding machines are used in everyday life, in construction and in furniture production.

Design - the initial stage

Different models of grinding devices allow you to process all kinds of wooden materials.

Before you start making a homemade wood grinder, it is important to decide for what purposes it will be needed.

The technical parameters of the tool will depend on this:

• The performance of the device is affected by its power. For home use, 400 watts will be enough. High efficiency is provided by machines with a power of up to 1 kW.
• The quality of grinding is affected by the speed of rotation of the working tool. The maximum figure is 3 thousand revolutions per minute.
• Depending on the type of surface to be treated, the working area is calculated. The width of the drums of the machine depends on it.
• The size of the machine is an important indicator of where the equipment will be used: in workshops or in a small home workshop.

A simple homemade grinder

Types of equipment

Woodworking machines have the same principle of operation - the surface is ground with an abrasive material, for example, sandpaper tape or circles with a rough surface.

Grinding machines differ from each other in structure and scope of use. The purpose of the device depends on which drawings you need to use in your work.

Belt machine

The simplest of all models for domestic use. It allows you to adjust in different planes, clean and give the desired shape to products.

The basis of its mechanism is an abrasive belt stretched between the shafts, which is located in a horizontal and vertical position or at a certain angle. Beneath it is a low-friction work surface against which the tool rests.

During operation of the device, the speed of the mechanism can be adjusted. There are several models of belt sanders. They can be with a stable and movable work table, and with a free belt.

An obligatory element of their design is an exhaust device for removing dust. To make a homemade product, you will need an electric motor that can be removed from an old washing machine, rollers and a strong frame made of metal sheet.

Work items are made of chipboard. The drive shaft is directly connected by an electric motor, while the other is free to rotate on an axle mounted on bearings.

The abrasive belt from the emery cloth is located strictly in the middle of the shaft. It should smoothly touch the surface and not slip off.

To assemble the structure, you may need the following consumables:

• boards and bars made of wood;
• metal pipes;
• bearings;
• electric motor;
• pulley;
• rubber belt;
• fasteners;
• abrasive material;
• working tool for installation;
• welding machine, if the frame body is made of metal.

drum device

Necessary for horizontal alignment and calibration of surfaces. With it, you can process slats and MDF and chipboard materials. The design of the device consists of two rollers with an abrasive belt stretched in a spiral.

Under them is a smooth tabletop on which the workpiece is located. The distance between the shafts and the working surface is adjustable.

Work on the manufacture of a drum machine is carried out in stages. First, a body is made of sheet steel or plexiglass, then the engine is mounted. An abrasive belt or a cone with cutting edges is attached to the drum.

A desktop is installed at the top of the diagram. It must be adjusted in relation to the vertical cylinder. The on and off buttons are used as controls.

disk device

Another simple homemade grinder is a disc grinder. It is necessary for turning large wooden products. As a working tool, an abrasive wheel is used, which is mounted on the axis of the electric motor.

In the center of the disk, a special stand is installed on the hinge mount, which fixes the part at a certain angle. To improve the equipment, experts advise using wooden discs with different types of sandpaper.

Combined variant

Combines circular grinding and surface grinding equipment.

You can make the device in this way. A shaft with a disc with a diameter of up to 230 mm is attached to the increased frame of the belt grinder.

It uses a belt drive. The design is complemented by a support table. The combined technology will save space and provide convenience in work.

Proper operation of the equipment is the key to success

The process of installing a wood grinder with your own hands must meet all the requirements of safety regulations. Every foreman should remember this in order to prevent injuries in the workplace:

• The manufactured machine is made of high quality materials and has a reliable design. During surface treatment, do not touch the working tool and moving parts of the mechanism with your hands.
• Work on homemade grinding equipment should be in protective glasses.
• For woodworking, you cannot use discs designed for metal processing, as they have a different surface structure.
• Before starting work, it is important to check the serviceability of the design details.
• The use of a protective cover for grinding wheels increases the safety of work.

The design of the belt sander

The tree is widely used for the manufacture of all kinds of products and parts. In order to process a wooden blank properly, various equipment is used. Careful high-precision processing of wood is carried out on belt grinders, which, as a working body have an abrasive belt .

The design of the grinding unit provides:

1. Abrasive belt that can be placed horizontally or vertically. It is mounted on a frame and placed between the rotating drums.
2. Leading and driven drums. The rotation of the driving drum is due to an electric motor that transmits torque through a belt drive. The speed of rotation of the leading element, and hence the speed of the belt, can be adjusted by specially set surface treatment modes.
3. The equipment table can be wooden or metal. On a metal base, more complex workpieces can be sharpened.
4. The electric motor should have a power of about 2.8 kW and be able to provide the tape with a normal speed of 20 meters per second.
5. A special assembly hood must be installed so that during the technological process it is possible to remove the dust generated during operation.

The length of the machine and its working tool depends on product length. which will be processed on it. It is much more convenient to work with workpieces that are shorter than the work surface.

What are grinding machines for?

As a rule, the equipment is used for finishing mechanical processing of products at the final stages of production. Belt sanders can work with both wood and metal.

woodworking equipment capable final leveling of surfaces. remove roughness and irregularities in the form of elevations or depressions, peel off burrs, grind curves, do internal grinding, achieve even and smooth surfaces of the product.

Machine tools for metal work with non-ferrous metals in the form of flat, round and quadrangular blanks and with plain and alloyed steel. They are able to grind large-diameter pipes and round timber rationally and in a short time.

In addition, belt grinders intended:

• for grinding products before the procedure of paintwork;
• for processing bar and panel blanks, their side edges and ends;
• for processing flat surfaces;
• for grinding curved surfaces.

Manufacturing instructions

Having studied the design of the equipment, you should decide what its main elements will be made of.

What to make a bed from?

It is best to make a desktop from thick iron. The ideal dimensions of the canvas are 500x180x20 mm. However, the larger the dimensions of the bed, the more options for various parts on it can be processed.

Large work surface it will be much more convenient and functional than a small bed. For its manufacture you will need:

1. Cut off one of the sides of the canvas prepared for the table using a metal milling machine.
2. Make markup.
3. Drill three holes in the end of the cut workpiece.
4. Secure the work platform to the bed using three bolts.

Selection and installation of the engine for the machine

The engine for the unit can be a motor from a washing machine. If this is not available, then you can choose a motor whose rated power will be up to 3 kW, and the intensity of work - about 1500 rpm. The power unit for the grinding machine should be tightly and securely fixed to the frame.

Leading and driven drums

You can make such elements for a grinding machine with your own hands from a material such as chipboard. For this you need:

1. Cut out blanks with dimensions of 200x200 mm from a chipboard sheet.
2. Assemble a package with a thickness of 240 mm from the obtained blanks.
3. Fold everything and grind it to the optimum diameter of 200 mm.
4. Attach the drive drum to the motor shaft. It will set the tape in motion.
5. Mount the driven drum around the machine axle on bearings. In this case, there must be a special bevel on the side of the drum. This will help ensure the tape has a soft touch on the work surface.

When making drums, it is worth considering that diameter of their central part should be a couple of millimeters larger than the outer diameter. This is necessary to ensure the stable operation of the equipment, since the flexible tape will be in the middle of the drum.

DIY sanding belt

As a sanding belt, you can take several emery strips. They will need to be cut into pieces 200 mm long and glued. The ideal option for the basis for the canvas would be a tarpaulin.

Having assembled the structure from all the selected elements, you can safely proceed to the processing of wood.

Grinding machine from a manual grinder

Taking a manual grinder as a basis, the rest of the equipment parts can be made from chipboard, pine and birch bars with your own hands. The U-shaped stop is glued with PVA glue, the remaining elements of the unit are connected with screws.

The base of the machine can serve as hinged two pieces of chipboard. For greater strength, the hinges are fastened with M6 bolts.

The grinder is installed to the base with the help of bars, which are pre-adjusted to the shape of the body and glued with pieces of rubber on top.

In front, the grinder is attached to a suitable size with furniture confirmers. With their help, the grinding plane can be set in the desired position.

Behind the base, the machine is attached with a bar and two screws. In order for the thrust pad to be in line with the grinding plane, pieces of soft rubber can be glued under the body.

In the horizontal part of the U-shaped stop, a groove can be made to move a small carriage, which may come in handy i for sharpening electric planer knives .

After fixing and adjusting the grinder, the machine can begin to operate.

Having studied the options for making a belt grinder with your own hands, and strictly following the instructions, you can acquire multifunctional equipment. Such equipment will be able not only to grind wood products, but also to sharpen any cutting tools.

Do-it-yourself homemade wood sander

During the manufacture of wooden structures, it is imperative to clean their surfaces. Manual labor will take a lot of time and will not be productive. Factory grinding centers are expensive. Therefore, in some cases it is more expedient to make a machine with your own hands.

The design of the drum machine

factory grinder

Manufacturing should begin with a study of the design features of this type of equipment. The drum type grinder is designed for processing wooden surfaces, leveling them and removing burrs.

The device belongs to the type of surface grinders for wood, which perform the function of calibration. There are many models and types of equipment. But the main task before making the unit with your own hands is the choice of the optimal design. The best option is a detailed acquaintance with factory analogues and drawing up a manufacturing scheme based on the data obtained.

Structurally, the machine should consist of the following components:

• frame. The main parts of the equipment are attached to it;
• power unit. Most often, an asynchronous electric motor is installed for this;
• grinding drum. It is important to choose the right diameter, the method of chip removal. With your own hands, you can make the base on which the emery tape is installed. Or order a cylindrical head with a cutting edge from a professional turner. It all depends on the type of work;
• a device for changing the frequency of the motor shaft;
• Desktop. The workpiece will be located on it. Experts recommend that when making a machine with their own hands, this component should be made of fiberglass;

Additionally, in drum grinding equipment, it is possible to provide for a mechanism for removing dust and chips from the processing zone. It is also recommended to make a desktop with a variable height relative to the working drum. This will allow you to process part of the end of the wooden blank.

If it is necessary to grind the outer or inner plane of the board, the drum must be placed horizontally. At the same time, it is possible to adjust its height.

Types of grinding drum machines

Drum machine for wood with horizontal processing

The next step is to choose the design of the woodworking machine. The main parameter is the shape of the wooden blank and the degree of its processing. Homemade drum-type equipment is designed to form even and smooth surfaces with a small area.

Factory production lines require special processing centers. They have complex functionality, they can simultaneously perform several operations. However, their main disadvantage is their high cost. Therefore, it is not advisable to consider them as home equipment.

There are the following types of machining centers:

• surface grinding. Processing is performed in one plane. Can be used as an example for self-manufacturing;
• circular grinding. Are intended for processing of cylindrical surfaces. To do this, the package includes several nozzles with different diameters;
• planetary. With their help, a flat plane is formed on products with a large area.

To complete a small home workshop, surface grinding models are most often chosen. They are characterized by a simple design, availability of components and relatively fast manufacturing.

In addition to leveling with drum sanders, you can remove a layer of paint or varnish. They are used for the restoration of old furniture or wooden interior parts with their own hands.

Self-made grinding machine

Homemade grinding drum

The simplest do-it-yourself machine model is a drill that is mounted on a bed. Grinding cylinders are machined from wood and sandpaper with the required grain size is attached to their surface.

But such a design has little functionality. For processing medium volumes, it is recommended to make wood equipment according to a different principle. First of all, you need to choose the right power unit. Most often, an electric motor with a power of up to 2 kW and a speed of up to 1500 rpm is used. These requirements are met by asynchronous models that can be taken from old household appliances - a washing machine or a vacuum cleaner.

The procedure for the manufacture of a homemade machine.

1. Frame. It must be stable enough. Therefore, it is made of sheet steel with a thickness of 1.5 mm or more. Alternatively, 10 mm thick plexiglass can be considered.
2. The motor is mounted in such a way that the shaft is in a vertical plane.
3. Drum for processing. If it is planned to perform only grinding work, an abrasive belt is installed on it. For deeper processing, you will need to make a steel cone with a cutting edge.
4. Desktop. It is located at the top of the diagram. It is recommended to make it adjustable relative to the stationary cylinder.
5. Control block. Do-it-yourself designs rarely provide for the possibility of adjusting the engine speed. Therefore, the block will consist of buttons for turning the unit on and off.

During the operation of the equipment, chips and wood dust will inevitably form. You can improve the design by installing a branch pipe of a household vacuum cleaner in the processing area.

In the video you can see an example of the work of a structure made by oneself:

Drawing example

How to make a grinding machine with your own hands: instructions, descriptions and recommendations

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Belt sander: we study and do it ourselves

A belt grinder is used in cases where it is necessary to finish the parts, that is, as equipment for finishing technological operations. Most often, such machines are used in the furniture industry, they are used to process parts made from wood of various species. But it is also possible to use a belt grinder for processing metal parts, for which a belt with an appropriate abrasive material is used.

Applications of the machine

The main tasks performed by the belt grinding group are: finishing leveling of the treated surface, bringing the surface roughness to the required level, bringing the treated surfaces to the level of smoothness before coating them with varnish and other finishing materials. Also, the tape machine is used to eliminate minor defects in the treated surface: depressions, elevations and burrs, processing the finish coat: removing primer and varnish deposits, burrs, grinding internal surfaces, processing roundings on the surface of the part.

A factory-made option, the drawings of which can be used to create a similar home-made device.

The belt machine can be used to process parts made of various materials: wood, plain and alloy steel. non-ferrous metals. What is convenient, you can process parts with a belt machine that have a different shape: quadrangular, round and flat. With the help of such equipment, it is possible to process round and tubular parts, which are distinguished by a large diameter of their cross section.

Design features of the machine

The working tool of any belt surface grinder is a belt, on the surface of which an abrasive powder is applied. It is made in the form of a ring and is placed between two rotating drums, one of which is the master and the second is the slave.

The rotation on the drive shaft of the tape machine is transmitted from the electric motor, which is connected to it by means of a belt drive. The speed of the belt mechanism can be adjusted, thereby changing the modes of processing parts. The belt of a surface grinder can be located horizontally or vertically, as well as at a certain angle, which is allowed by some models of equipment in this category.

When choosing a model of a belt grinder for processing a particular part, it is important to consider the length of the surface that needs to be grinded. It is much more convenient to process parts on such machines, the surface length of which is less than the length of the abrasive belt and the desktop. Under such conditions, the quality of processing will be much higher.

A homemade version of the machine is not so difficult to implement in a home workshop

The belt sander can be of various designs: with a movable and fixed work table, with a free belt. A separate category includes wide-belt equipment, the peculiarity of which is that their desktop, which is also a feed element, is made in the form of a caterpillar. In those models of equipment that have a working table in their design, the abrasive belt is located in a horizontal plane, and in equipment with a free belt, in which a working table is not provided, it can have a different spatial position.

An obligatory structural element of any belt grinder, including a desktop one, is an exhaust device, which is necessary to remove dust, which is formed in large quantities during processing. Both professional and any homemade grinder used in a home workshop or garage is powered by an electric motor.

Principle of operation

The main parameters of the belt grinder are the feed rate and the force with which the belt is pressed against the workpiece. Parameters such as the degree of grit of the abrasive belt should be selected depending on what material the workpiece is made of, as well as the degree of roughness that the surface of the machined product should have.

The characteristics of the material to be processed, in particular its hardness, primarily affect the grit size of the abrasive belt. The processing modes that are directly related to each other are the feed speed and the belt pressure. So, if grinding is carried out at high speed, but with a slight pressing force of the abrasive belt, then some parts of the surface of the part may turn out to be untreated. If, on the contrary, you increase the pressing force and reduce the feed rate, then you may encounter the fact that burns and blackening of the material may appear in certain areas of the treated surface.

Another variation of the machine is a view from the side of the working surface of the tape

The results of grinding are also influenced by how well the abrasive tape is glued together. In order to obtain a high quality finish and not to experience a malfunction of the band machine, do not use abrasive belts that are not glued correctly or have torn edges. When putting on the tape on the shafts of the equipment, it should be positioned so that the end of the seam, which is overlapping, does not lift up on the surface of the workpiece, but slips along it. Learn more about gluing the tape in the video below.

Any, including a manual grinding machine, should provide for the possibility of adjusting the belt tension, which is ensured by moving a movable shaft that is not driven. Tape tension is a very important parameter, the choice of which should be guided by the "golden mean" rule. If the belt of the grinding machine is tensioned too much, then this can lead to its breakage during operation, and too little tension will cause slippage and, as a result, its excessive heating. The main characteristic for determining the degree of tension of the tape is the arrow of its deflection, which is measured by lightly pressing on its surface in a taut state.

The manual belt grinding machine of the group can be operated by one operator, who moves the desktop with the workpiece and rotates it so as to bring all parts of its surface under the abrasive belt.

How to make a belt sander

Many home craftsmen and professionals are wondering how to make a grinder with their own hands. The reason for this question is quite simple: the high cost of mass-produced grinding equipment, which, with irregular use, not everyone can recoup. In order to make such equipment, you will need several basic components: an electric motor, rollers and a reliable frame. Naturally, the drawings of such a device or its photo will not be superfluous. Also at the end of the article you can watch videos on assembling a tape machine on your own.

The motor for belt sanding equipment is easy to find, it can be removed from a used washing machine. The bed will have to be made independently, for this you can use a sheet of metal with dimensions of 500x180x20 mm. One side of the frame should be cut very evenly, since it will be necessary to attach the platform on which the electric motor will be mounted to it. The platform for the electric motor should also be made of a sheet of metal with dimensions of 180x160x10 mm. Such a platform must be fixed to the bed very securely with a few bolts.

Another version of the bed

The efficiency of a belt grinder directly depends on the characteristics of the electric motor that is installed on it. If you are going to make a grinding machine with your own hands, then an electric motor with a power of 2.5–3 kW, developing about 1500 rpm, is quite suitable for you. In order to use such a motor to move the sanding belt at a speed of 20 m/s, the drums must have a diameter of about 200 mm. Which is convenient, if you choose an engine with such characteristics, then you do not need to make a gearbox for your grinding machine.

The drive shaft is connected directly to the motor shaft, and the second - the driven one - must rotate freely on the axis, which is installed in the bearing units. In order for the abrasive belt to more smoothly touch the surface of the workpiece, the section of the bed on which the driven shaft is installed should be made with a slight bevel.

It is possible to make shafts for a belt grinder with minimal financial costs from a chipboard plate. You simply cut square blanks 200x200 mm in size from such a plate, drill central holes in them and put them on the axle with a package with a total thickness of 240 mm. After that, you just have to grind the resulting package and make a round shaft out of it with a diameter of about 200 mm.

Drawings and a detailed analysis of some parts of a machine made of wood.

Wood belt sander (click to enlarge)

Table Tilt Adjustment Mechanism Plate Unit Belt Tensioner Complete Machine

In order for the tape to be located strictly in the middle of the shaft, the diameter of its central part must be 2–3 mm larger than at the edges. And in order to prevent slippage of the tape on the drum, it is necessary to wrap a layer of thin rubber around it, for which you can use an old tire from a bicycle wheel, after cutting it along its entire length.

The sanding belt for such a machine, the optimal width of which should correspond to 200 mm, is made from an ordinary emery cloth. The standard cloth is cut into strips of the required width, and an abrasive tape is already glued from them. It should be borne in mind that the material is glued end-to-end; for this, dense matter is placed on the reverse side, which will strengthen the resulting seam. The properties of such a seam are greatly influenced by glue, it must be of very high quality, then the material will not tear along the seam after a short use.

A few more options for manufacturing belt grinders can be seen in the video below.

On a home-made belt grinder, you can not only process wood products, but also use it to sharpen various tools: chisels, secateurs, knives, axes, etc. In addition, parts that have a curved surface can be processed on such machines.

Wood grinding machine - do it yourself or buy it?

One of the main ways to process wood (after sawing, of course) is sanding. The manual method has been known for a long time - a wooden block is wrapped in sandpaper, and with the help of such a simple device, the workpiece is given the desired shape.

The method is unproductive, and requires a fair amount of physical effort. Masters who work with wood regularly use small-scale mechanization.

Types of grinding machines

On sale are a variety of ready-made fixtures with which you can process wooden blanks of any size. To understand the mechanism of work, consider some of them:

Disc grinder

Based on the name, the working surface is made in the form of a disk.


The design is quite simple - a circle with good rigidity is put on the axis of the electric motor. The outer surface has a Velcro coating on which sandpaper is attached. No gearboxes or drive mechanisms are required. The grinding force is small, the rotor axis copes well with the loads.

In the transverse plane, at the level of the center of the disk, a handrest is installed. It can be hinged, which allows you to process workpieces at a fixed angle.

A feature of disk machines is the adjustment of the processing speed without changing the number of revolutions of the axis. You simply move the workpiece along the radius of the circle. With a single angular velocity, the linear velocity at the periphery is higher.

Belt sander

A strip of sandpaper connected in a continuous band is stretched between two shafts.


Moreover, the emery in the working area does not sag under the pressure of the workpiece. A persistent working plane is installed under the tape, made of a material with a low coefficient of friction. Pressing the material being processed to the plane, the operator gets an endless abrasive surface.

The quality, and the ease of processing, cannot be compared with manual fixtures. In the mass production of wooden products, such a sledge is an indispensable attribute of any workshop.

The main feature is a predictable result throughout the entire plane. You can level the ends of a sufficiently large length.

The working surface can be horizontal or vertical, as well as the direction of the tape.

Drum grinder

Such a device can be attributed to grinding units with some stretch. The main application is the horizontal alignment of planes using the jointer method.


The principle of operation is as follows - sandpaper is fixed on one or two drums. The most common method is spiral winding. Below, under the drum, there is a flat table. The distance between the processing surface and the table is adjustable. By setting a fixed height, you can calibrate the same type of products, aligning the thickness of the workpieces.

Grinding machine two in one

To save space (and money), manufacturers often combine two types of fixtures in one design.


This not only reduces acquisition costs, but also improves user experience. When processing one part, you can enjoy the advantages of two grinding units at once: disc and belt. In this case, the engine is used alone, and the load on it does not increase much.

Looking at the finished designs, it becomes clear how to make a grinding machine with your own hands. There are no problems with consumables, so you can immediately design the device for specific tasks. Any universal device loses to a narrow-profile one.

DIY grinding machine

When you have a ready-made (and conditionally free) electric motor, all mechanisms are designed around it. If the engine still has to be purchased, it makes sense to choose it according to its parameters.
The main characteristic is, of course, power. RPMs are not that important, they can be adjusted with a pulley (for tape drives) or a circle diameter (for disk models).

Grinding machine power calculation

Let's take a tape drive as an example.
The motor power is calculated using a complex formula, but if the initial data is available, it is not difficult to obtain the desired value.

• q - pressure of the workpiece on the working surface of the emery (N / cm²)
• S - area of ​​​​contact of the workpiece with emery (cm²)
• K is the coefficient of the working surface of the sandpaper in relation to the workpiece. Depends on the grain size and density of the wood. Limit of values: 0.2 - 0.6
• k - coefficient of friction of the reverse side of the emery on the persistent working plane
• U - speed of linear movement of the tape (m / s)
• n is the efficiency of the system.

Important! Traditionally, in the manufacture of homemade products, calculations are carried out "by eye". Then, when you turn it on for the first time, it turns out that the power is either excessive (we fire sparrows from cannons), or the engine stops at the slightest pressure on the working plane by the workpiece. Therefore, the calculation of parameters should be taken more seriously.

If you decide to create a woodworking machine with your own hands, you will need drawings. The illustration shows how important it is to comply with all standards and sizes.


Even with a slight distortion, the machine simply will not work. The tape will "leave" to the side, and the motor shaft will vibrate. Yes, and the tension unit must be assembled with high accuracy.

You should also take care of safety (the sharp edge of the emery belt, when rotated, can cause serious injury). And sawdust flying in all directions (or even worse - wood dust) require eye protection. Usually an elementary transparent screen above the working area is enough.

Homemade wood grinder - an example of a successful design

Don't forget about job security. On top of the rotating disk we attach an arch - a protective cover. This is not a measure for aesthetics, touching a rotating disk can break a finger or seriously damage the skin.

Important! The surface of the handrest must be sanded to perfect smoothness. The lacquer coating is undesirable, it will be erased unevenly, and the workpiece will move with difficulty.

Similarly, you can assemble a drum machine. It will be useful, for example, when preparing boards for flooring or a wooden table.

The main thing is a massive frame. Support bearings and a wide drum are taken from a decommissioned belt conveyor, as well as the engine.


The main task is to provide an ideal horizon between the axis of the drum and the tabletop. The working surface is ground down to the final polishing. The material for the table is better to take harder.

Oak boards are too expensive, so beech can be used. A mandatory element of the drum grinder is the table height adjuster. The screw mechanism must have a lock, from spontaneous unwinding during vibration.

If the bed turned out to be not very heavy, you should fix the legs on the floor. Otherwise, the machine may tip over during work. When processing thick and uneven boards, the effort is applied serious.

Output:
It is not necessary to spend your savings on the purchase of industrial machines. All the considered designs can be made independently.

And the grinder is also called a grinder, which translates from English grinder as a crusher.

There are crushers for stones, crushers for meat - we have meat grinders, there are garden crushers that produce wood chips. But if the word is used on its own - just a grinder, it means only one thing: a grinding machine in the field of metal processing.

The grinder is good and useful everywhere, including in the household - from competently sharpening a high-quality knife or tailor's scissors to grinding a complex part made of metal or other "difficult" material. In other words, the tool is necessary, it will come in handy on the farm.

Moreover, it is quite possible to make it with your own hands. To do this, it is not necessary to have special equipment and solid professional experience.

Of course, you will have to tinker, but then you will do exactly what you need and, which is very important, save a serious amount of money up to several thousand US dollars.

Are we doing with a disk or with a tape?

Grinder drawing.

In terms of the breadth of the product line with grinding machines, only lathes can argue. There are a huge number of grinders on the market - of all stripes and sizes.

The most famous and primitive in the form of the famous emery is a pair of grinding stone circles with a screwed motor. These machines are sold with a wide variety of schemes and principles of operation.

But if you're planning on making a homemade grinder, it's best to stop and choose between two options: disc or belt.

• Disc grinder - a grinding layer of abrasive is applied to the disc, which rotates when turned on.
• Belt machine, in which the abrasive is applied to a tape wound on rollers.

Which one is better is a misunderstanding. The correct criterion would be “which is more necessary”. The choice should depend on what exactly you are going to grind. If these are relatively simple parts made of, say, wood, disc wood sanders are more suitable for you.

If you have serious sanding work ahead of you to fine-tune fine details with complex details, choose a belt.

It is necessary to take into account the difference between a suit and a tape, not only in terms of their functional features. Another important factor is drive power. Grinding small wooden workpieces - you will have enough power in the range of 160 - 170 watts.

This will calmly give out an elementary motor from a washing machine or even from an old drill.

For a belt grinder, old household motors will not work in any way. There you will need an engine with a power of at least 400 - 500 W, and not a simple one, but a three-phase one with starting and running capacitors.

For grinding massive and dimensional parts, the power will be needed higher: up to 1200 watts. We note right away that buying capacitors for the machine will cost you a little cheaper than the motor itself.

Choosing a tape

The machine with a tape is more versatile in terms of functionality: it does everything that the disk models, plus much more. Immediately, we note that there are a great many options for amateur models of belt grinders.

The fact is that the nature of this machine is very plastic, allowing the use of a variety of improvised materials, up to finds in scrap metal dumps.

The main thing is to know and adhere to three rules:

1. The abrasive side of the belt must be set very precisely so that only the workpiece that is being sanded touches it.
2. The tape must be uniformly tensioned at all times and regardless of the type of work.
3. The speed of movement should be different and should depend on only one thing: the type of part and the nature of the grinding.

Designing a homemade belt sander

The device of the grinding machine.

The main ones are:

• A motor or motor driven by electricity.
  It is better to install the drive next to the main diameter drive roller.
• Base or bed.
  It is often fixed directly on the floor, sometimes this thing rides on wheels - this is what is more convenient and necessary for you.
• Two tension rollers - leading and driven.
  Made of metal or very strong wood with a thin layer of cushioning rubber to prevent slipping of the tape on the roll or drum.
• Spring and lever for belt tensioning system.
  The spring is clamping, and the lever is attached to the base and the driven roller.
• The basis for placement of the motor with the drive.
• For a tape with an abrasive, paper or cloth should be used.
  Its width can be very different - in the range from 5 to 30 cm. Grain level - from 80.
• Metal pipes with a thickness of 2 mm or more.
• Metal corners in accordance with the dimensions of the machine.
• Special magnetic stand for metal parts.
• Rail type guides.

Scheme of the device of the grinding machine.

Stages of work:

1. We make the frame of the base or bed.
   - cut corners according to the size of the bed;
   - We weld the frame and corners;
   - we fix a chipboard plate at the bottom of the frame to reduce vibration during operation.
2. We make a work surface.
   - cut the steel sheet to size and weld it directly to the base;
   - We weld rail guides to the upper part of the frame;
   - we make a carriage from corners with wheels for moving along the guides of the bed;
   - on both sides of the working surface we mount and fix bearing supports;
   - fix the screw with the handle on the carriage;
3. We fix the electric motor system for lifting the working area.
4. We fix the gear mounts.
5. Install abrasive tape.
   - cut the tape with a margin of several centimeters at an angle of 45 °;
   - we glue it with an overlap with a glue coating of the side with an abrasive washed off with water;
   - dry the place of gluing with a hair dryer;
6. Getting ready for a test run of the machine.
   – we process all parts of the machine with machine oil;
   - supply electrical power;
   - do a test run.

Safety precautions when working on a grinding grinder

Like any other work on any other machines, grinding on a homemade belt sander is subject to fairly strict safety rules that must be strictly adhered to.

The principle of operation of the grinder.

These rules are:

• It is strictly forbidden to touch everything that moves and the working surface with your hands.
• Wear protective goggles during work to protect against hot abrasive particles.
• Carefully check that the connections and fastenings of all moving parts of the grinder are tight.
• Monitor the condition of the braid of electrical wires.
• A protective cover is mandatory, even though it slightly narrows the viewing angle.

The grinding machine is very common and in demand among the tooling available in the workshop, so its manufacture will be practical and justified. With it, you can process not only wooden blanks, but also some types of other materials, such as plastics and some metal blanks, of course, without fanaticism (not a grinder!). In this article, we will describe the process of creating such a machine.

Introduction

There are a huge variety of design options. And all these options have their application and purpose. With the help of a grinder from a grinder, you can grind and sharpen large workpieces and give them the desired shape - the master holds it in his hands. The second option is a grinding machine, in which, like y, the abrasive material is a sanding belt (sandpaper), but it is stationary and it is convenient to process small workpieces on it, while observing the feed angle, since there is a perpendicular table.

The version of the grinder that will be described in this article is much simpler than the two previous options; the abrasive element is a grinding wheel with sandpaper installed on it. The advantage of this option is obvious - it is:

1. Ease of manufacture;
2. The grinding surface is much larger than that of;
3. The grinding plane is rigid, in contrast to where the skin can sag under the pressure of the workpiece;
4. This machine is universal, that is, it is one of three machines that are made on the basis (total, from a total of 4 pieces).

Here are three articles that describe their manufacture:

Such a constructive solution, which allows to assemble four variants of machine tools on one base, is a universal and very practical solution, as it saves material, time and space in the workshop, and also has one power tool as a drive - Drill.

The grinder is perhaps the simplest, since only the grinding table needs to be made. Everything else is already done.

Preparation for work

Preparation for work is important, since it is at this stage that the full composition of the required tools, mechanisms, materials, accessories and fasteners is determined. It is at this stage that you need to make sure that you have everything you need so as not to interrupt or stop work. Therefore, before starting, we recommend that you review the material in full and make sure that everything is in stock.

Instruments

In the process of work, you will need some hand and power tools, check the list:

1. Direct sawing tool: Circular saw or .
2. Electric jigsaw.
3. Additional hand tools: hammer, clamps, square, screwdriver, marking pencil, etc.

Materials, accessories and fasteners

To make a grinder based on a drill, you will need:

1. Plywood 15 mm thick. Also can be used.
2. Wing nut - 2 pcs.;
3. Bolt M6 and self-tapping screws.

Main structural elements

The main structural elements of the grinding machine are:

1. Base:
   • Frame;
   • Spindle box;
2. Drill (or);

Making a grinder with your own hands

The process of creating a machine tool consists of creating its structural elements, and we will analyze each creation of each element in detail, dividing it into successive technological operations. We will attach a photo to each operation, and at the end of the article we will place a video of the entire process of creating a grinding machine with our own hands.

Base (frame and spindle box) of the machine

As noted earlier, this machine is made on the basis of an already existing (created earlier), therefore, in order not to duplicate information, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the technology and process in the corresponding one, everything is described in detail there. Thus, we consider that the frame and spindle box are already ready. Here is their appearance.

The grinding table has an inverted U-shaped design and is quite easy to manufacture. It is necessary to cut the following blanks:

Detail	Width x Length x (Height)	Material
Side wall	120 x 120	Plywood 10 mm
Bottom part	120 x80	Plywood 10 mm
Stiffeners	120 x 25 x 20	array
guide	200 x 30 x 40	array
table top	200 x 200	Plywood 10 mm

Now let's start assembling.
Then we assemble the base of the table. To do this, we fasten the side walls with self-tapping screws to the end of the lower part of the table. It turns out an inverted "U-shaped" design.

Now it's time to install the guide. It is a power element, so the place of its connection must be smeared with glue and additionally pressed with self-tapping screws.

Then you need to install this table on the base using clamping elements (in other words, a plate with a bolt in the center).

We install them from the bottom of the base, bolts up. We install the grinding table on the base (guide down) and fix it with nuts.

Conclusion

Outcome

This article describes the complete step-by-step process of creating a grinding machine based on a standard drill, all the necessary materials are attached - these are photos and videos. We hope that after studying the reader will have no questions about manufacturing and assembly technology.

Machine dimensions

We place a table with the overall dimensions of a do-it-yourself grinding machine:

Drawings of blanks of the grinding machine

We give drawings of parts that are used to manufacture the machine.

Video

Video on which this material was made:

Drill grinder. The variant was proposed by Pavel Ivanov from Tomsk.

This grinder was designed from memory (on the Internet I once stumbled upon a similar design), and assembled at the first opportunity - I was visiting a friend in a furniture workshop, dragged scraps and twisted right on the spot.

At the base is a rigid box with a base, which houses the drill. The box is assembled at confirmations. The tool itself is fixed with a kind of clamp.

Consider this clamp in more detail, since it is the most complex structural element. It is represented by a pair of parts: the lower, rigidly fixed in the U-shaped box and the upper movable, which is attracted to the bottom by a pair of wing screws.

In the center, using a core drill (you can use a Forstner cutter of a suitable diameter), a hole was selected for the drill gearbox (fixation is carried out by the platform for attaching the handle).

A pair of holes with a diameter of 10 mm are drilled in the lower part, which are connected in a T-shape with vertical channels for studs from the "lambs". M10 nuts with a pair of washers are inserted into them. I think that and as it is clear from the photo.

Assembled it looks like this:
What should have been done differently:
1. Instead of M10 nuts and washers, it is better to use cylindrical "keg" furniture nuts.
2. The axis of rotation should be lower, flush with the table. (Mistake in calculations).
3. We need a "back" for the drill - during long-term work from vibration, it warps a little, which is very noticeable on thick parts.
In the plans:
1. "Back" (plate-support).
2. I want to cover the area from the "clamp" to the table with a casing, close the front end and make a pipe for a vacuum cleaner.
3. "Guide" - limiter. So far, I'm getting by with a rail and clamps.
I sharpened kitchen knives, a cutting board (plywood 12 mm), chipboard 16 mm, plastic on this grinder. It is necessary to select sandpaper according to the work.
I have an impact drill (as in the photo in the first post about such grinders). The disadvantages of this option are a large backlash of the cartridge, it is difficult to sharpen small parts. The advantages of using a drill are speed control, there is less chance of "burning" the part.
If you have a router, you can adjust the height of the drill above the table. And this is already a dolbezhnik, and a small circular grinder (instead of a grinder, you can put a thin cutting disc and cut profiles, pipes, plastic, cable channels, thresholds, plinths).
Another significant minus of such a grinder is large and heavy, you can’t drag it to the “coven” 🙂