What is a two-part sentence examples. Simple sentence

Sentences whose grammatical basis consists of two main members (subject and predicate) are called two-part.

Sentences whose grammatical basis consists of one main member are called one-part sentences. One-piece sentences have a complete meaning, and therefore the second main member is sometimes not needed or even impossible.

For example: In the summer I will go to the sea. Dark. It's time to go. magical night.

One-part sentences, unlike incomplete ones, are understandable out of context.

There are several types of one-part sentences:

Definitely personal
vaguely personal,
generalized personal,
impersonal,
naming (nominative).

Each of the types of one-component sentences differs in the features of the meaning and the form of expression of the main member.


Definitely personal suggestions- these are one-part sentences with the main member of the predicate, conveying the actions of a certain person (the speaker or the interlocutor).

In definite personal sentences the main member is expressed by the verb in the form of 1 and 2 persons of the singular and plural of the indicative mood(in present and future tense) and in the imperative mood ; the producer of the action is defined and can be called personal pronouns of the 1st and 2nd person I , you , we , you .

For example: I love thunderstorm in early May(Tyutchev); We will endure trials patiently(Chekhov); go, take a bow fish(Pushkin).

In definite personal offers the predicate cannot be expressed by the verb in the 3rd person singular and the verb in the past tense. In such cases, the proposal does not indicate a specific person and the proposal itself is incomplete.

Compare: Do you also know Greek? - Studied a little(Ostrovsky).

Indefinitely personal sentences- these are one-part sentences with the main member of the predicate, conveying the actions of an indefinite subject.

In indefinite personal sentences the main member is expressed by the verb in the form of the 3rd person plural (present and future tenses in the indicative mood and in the imperative mood), the plural form of the past tense of the indicative mood and the analogous form of the conditional mood of the verb.

The producer of the action in these sentences is unknown or unimportant.

For example: In home knocked stove doors(A. Tolstoy); On the streets somewhere far away shoot (Bulgakov); Would give man relax in front of the road(Sholokhov).

Generalized personal sentences

Generalized personal sentences- these are one-part sentences with the main member of the predicate, conveying the actions of a generalized subject (the action is attributed to everyone and everyone individually).

The main member in a generalized personal sentence can have the same ways of expression as in definite personal and indefinite personal sentences, but most often expressed by a 2nd person singular and plural present and future tense verb or a 3rd person plural verb.

For example: Good for bad do not change (proverb); Not very much older now respect (Ostrovsky); What sow, then and reap (proverb).

Generalized personal sentences are usually presented in proverbs, sayings, catch phrases, aphorisms.

Generalized-personal sentences also include sentences containing the author's generalization. To give a generalized meaning, instead of the 1st person verb, the speaker uses the 2nd person verb.

For example: you go out sometimes outside and wonder air transparency.

impersonal proposals

impersonal proposals- these are one-part sentences with the main member of the predicate, conveying actions or states that occur regardless of the producer of the action.

In such proposals it is impossible to substitute the subject .

The main member of an impersonal sentence may be similar in structure to a simple verbal predicate and is expressed:

1) an impersonal verb, the only syntactic function of which is to be the main member of impersonal one-part sentences:

For example: It's getting cold / getting colder /it will get colder .

2) a personal verb in an impersonal form:

For example: It's getting dark .

3) the verb to be and the word no in negative sentences:

For example: Winds did not have / No .

The main member, similar in structure to the compound verb predicate , may have the following expression:

1) modal or phase verb in impersonal form + infinitive:
For example: Outside the window it began to get dark .

2) the linking verb to be in the impersonal form (in the present tense in the zero form) + adverb + infinitive:
For example: It's a pity / it was a pity to leave with friends.
It's time to get ready on the road.

The main member, similar in structure to the compound nominal predicate , is expressed:

1) linking verb in impersonal form + adverb:
For example: It was a pity old man.

On the street. became freshly.

2) linking verb in impersonal form + short passive participle:

For example: In the room it was smoky .

A special group among impersonal sentences is formed by infinitive sentences .

The main member of a one-part sentence can be expressed by an infinitive that does not depend on any other member of the sentence and denotes an action that is possible or impossible, necessary, inevitable. Such sentences are called infinitive.

For example: him tomorrow be on duty. Everyone get up! I would like to go to Moscow!

Infinitive sentences have different modal meanings: obligation, necessity, possibility or impossibility, inevitability of action; as well as an incentive to action, a command, an order.

Infinitive sentences are divided into unconditional (Be silent!) And conditionally desirable (to read).

Denominative (nominative) sentences- these are one-part sentences that convey the meaning of being (existence, presence) of the subject of speech (thought).

The main member in the nominative sentence can be expressed by a noun in the nominative case and a quantitative-nominal combination .

For example: Night, the outside, lamp, pharmacy .Senseless and dull light (Block); Three wars, three hungry pores, what the century has awarded(Soloukhin).

Descriptive sentences may include demonstrative particles out , here , and for the introduction of emotional evaluation - exclamation particles wellAnd , which , like this :

For example: Which weather! Well rain! Like this thunderstorm!

The distributors of the nominal sentence can be agreed and inconsistent definitions:
For example: Late autumn .

If the distributor is a circumstance of place, time, then such sentences can be interpreted as two-part incomplete:
For example: Soon autumn . (Compare: Soon autumn will come .)
On the street rain . (Compare: On the street it's raining .)

Denominative (nominative) sentences can have the following subspecies:

1) Self-existential sentences expressing the idea of ​​the existence of a phenomenon, object, time.
For example: April 22. blue. The snow melted.

2) Demonstrative existential sentences. The basic meaning of beingness is complicated by the meaning of indication.
For example: Here mill.

3) Estimated-existential (Dominance of assessment).
For example: Well day! Ah yes...! And character! + particles well, then, also to me, but also.

An evaluative noun can act as the main member ( the beauty . Nonsense .)

4) desirable-existential (particles only, if only).
For example: If only health. Not just death. If happiness.

5) incentive (incentive-desirable: Attention ! good afternoon ! and incentive-imperative: Fire ! etc.).

It is necessary to distinguish constructions from nominative sentences that coincide in form with them.

The nominative case in the role of a simple name (name, inscription). They can be called properly-named - there is absolutely no meaning of beingness.
For example: "War and Peace".

The nominative case in the function of a predicate two-part sentence ( Who is he? Familiar.)

The nominative case of the topic can be attributed to isolated nominative ones, but in terms of content they do not have the meaning of beingness, they do not perform a communicative function, they form a syntactic unity only in combination with a subsequent construction.
For example: Moscow. How much has merged in this sound for the Russian heart ... Autumn. I especially love this time of year.

The opposition of two-part and one-part sentences is connected with the number of members included in the grammatical basis.

    Two-part sentences contain two the main members are the subject and the predicate.

    The boy is running; The earth is round.

    One-part sentences contain one main member (subject or predicate).

    Evening; It's evening.

Types of one-part sentences

Main member expression form Examples Correlative constructions
two-part sentences
1. Offers with one main member - PREDICT
1.1. Definitely personal suggestions
Verb-predicate in the form of the 1st or 2nd person (there are no forms of the past tense or conditional mood, since in these forms the verb has no person).

I love the storm in early May.
Run after me!

I I love the storm in early May.
You Run after me!

1.2. Indefinitely personal sentences
The verb-predicate in the form of the plural of the third person (in the past tense and the conditional mood the verb-predicate in the plural).

They knock on the door.
They knocked on the door.

Someone knocks on the door.
Someone knocked in the door.

1.3. Generalized personal offers
They do not have their own specific form of expression. In form - definitely personal or indefinitely personal. Distinguished by value. Two main types of value:

A) the action can be attributed to any person;

B) the action of a particular person (the speaker) is habitual, repetitive or presented as a generalized judgment (the verb-predicate is in the form of the 2nd person singular, although we are talking about the speaker, that is, the 1st person).

Without effort, you can not take the fish out of the pond(in the form of a definite personal).
Do not count your chickens before they are hatched(in form - indefinitely personal).
You can't get rid of the spoken word.
You will have a snack at a halt, and then you will go again.

Any ( any) without difficulty will not take the fish out of the pond.
Everything do not count your chickens before they are hatched .
Any ( any) counts chickens in the fall.
From the spoken word any won't let go.
I I'll have a snack at a halt and then I'll go again.

1.4. impersonal offer
1) Verb-predicate in impersonal form (coincides with the singular, third person or neuter form).

but) It's getting light; It was dawning; I'm lucky;
b) melts;
in) to me(Danish case) can't sleep;
G) blown by the wind(creative case) blew off the roof.


b) Snow melts;
in) I am not sleeping;
G) The wind tore off the roof.

2) A compound nominal predicate with a nominal part - an adverb.

but) It's cold outside ;
b) I'm cold;
in) I'm sad ;

a) there are no correlative structures;

b) I'm cold;
in) I am sad.

3) A compound verbal predicate, the auxiliary part of which is a compound nominal predicate with a nominal part - an adverb.

but) to me sorry to leave with you;
b) to me Need to go .

but) I I don't want to leave with you;
b) I have to go.

4) A compound nominal predicate with a nominal part - a brief passive participle of the past tense in the form of a singular, neuter gender.

Closed .
Well said, Father Varlaam.
The room is smoky.

The store is closed .
Father Varlaam said smoothly.
Someone smoked in the room.

5) The predicate no or the verb in the impersonal form with the negative particle not + addition in the genitive case (negative impersonal sentences).

No money .
There was no money.
No money left.
There wasn't enough money.

6) The predicate no or the verb in the impersonal form with the negative particle not + the addition in the genitive case with the intensifying particle neither (negative impersonal sentences).

There is not a cloud in the sky.
There wasn't a cloud in the sky.
I don't have a penny.
I didn't have a penny.

The sky is cloudless.
The sky was cloudless.
I don't have a penny.
I didn't have a dime.

1.5. Infinitive sentences
The predicate is an independent infinitive.

Everyone be silent!
Be thunder!
To go to the sea!
To forgive a person, you need to understand it.

Everyone be quiet.
There will be a thunderstorm.
I would go to the sea.
To could you forgive a person, you must understand it.

2. Offers with one main member - SUBJECT
Denominative (nominative) sentences
The subject is a name in the nominative case (the sentence cannot contain a circumstance or addition that would relate to the predicate).

Night .
Spring .

Usually there are no correlative structures.

Notes.

1) Negative impersonal sentences ( No money; There is not a cloud in the sky) are monosyllabic only when negation is expressed. If the construction is made affirmative, the sentence becomes two-part: the form of the genitive case will change to the form of the nominative case (cf .: No money. - Have money ; There is not a cloud in the sky. - There are clouds in the sky).

2) A number of researchers form the genitive case in negative impersonal sentences ( No money ; There is not a cloud in the sky) considers part of the predicate. In school textbooks, this form is usually parsed as an addition.

3) Infinitive sentences ( Be silent! Be thunder!) are classified as impersonal by a number of researchers. They are also discussed in the school textbook. But infinitive sentences differ from impersonal ones in meaning. The main part of impersonal sentences denotes an action that arises and proceeds independently of the agent. In infinitive sentences, the person is encouraged to take active action ( Be silent!); the inevitability or desirability of active action is noted ( Be thunder! To go to the sea!).

4) Nominative (nominative) sentences are classified by many researchers as two-part with a zero link.

Note!

1) In negative impersonal sentences with an addition in the form of the genitive case with an intensifying particle neither ( There is not a cloud in the sky; I don't have a dime) the predicate is often omitted (cf.: The sky is clear; I don't have a dime).

In this case, we can talk about a one-part and at the same time incomplete sentence (with an omitted predicate).

2) The main meaning of denominative (nominative) sentences ( Night) is the statement of being (presence, existence) of objects and phenomena. These constructions are possible only if the phenomenon is correlated with the present time. When changing tense or mood, the sentence becomes two-part with the predicate to be.

Wed: It was night ; There will be night; Let there be night; It would be night.

3) Nominative (nominative) sentences cannot contain circumstances, since this minor member usually correlates with the predicate (and there is no predicate in nominal (nominative) sentences). If the sentence contains a subject and a circumstance ( Pharmacy- (where?) around the corner; I- (where?) to the window), then it is more expedient to analyze such sentences as two-part incomplete ones - with an omitted predicate.

Wed: The pharmacy is/is located around the corner; I rushed/ran to the window.

4) Nominative (nominative) sentences cannot contain additions that correlate with the predicate. If there are such additions in the proposal ( I- (for whom?) For you), then it is more expedient to analyze these sentences as two-part incomplete ones - with the predicate omitted.

Wed: I am walking/following you.

Plan for parsing a one-part sentence

  1. Determine the type of one-part sentence.
  2. Indicate those grammatical features of the main member that make it possible to attribute the sentence to this particular type of one-component sentences.

Sample parsing

Show off, city of Petrov(Pushkin).

The offer is one-part (definitely personal). Predicate show off expressed by the verb in the second person of the imperative mood.

Fire lit in the kitchen(Sholokhov).

The sentence is one-part (indefinitely personal). Predicate lit expressed by the verb in the plural past tense.

With a gentle word you will melt the stone(proverb).

The offer is one-sided. In form - definitely personal: predicate melt expressed by the verb in the second person of the future tense; in meaning - generalized-personal: the action of the verb-predicate refers to any actor (cf .: With a kind word and a stone will melt any / anyone).

Smelled wonderfully fishy(Kuprin).

The offer is one-part (impersonal). Predicate smelled expressed by the verb in the impersonal form (past tense, singular, neuter).

soft moonlight(stagnant).

The offer is one-part (named). Main member - subject light- expressed by a noun in the nominative case.

When speaking construction proposals plays an important role. This determines not only the competence of the speaker, but also the general intelligibility of what he wants to convey.

The utmost attention should be paid to the construction of artistic proposals.

They are actively used in magazine and newspaper articles, heard in the news and theatrical productions.

The collected artistic proposal is able to arouse the sensuality and interest of the listener, or to confuse him.

Two-part sentence

In the standard version, the legend should contain both main members of speech: adjective and predicate. You clearly indicate what or whom you are talking about and accurately talk about the action of the indicated person.

Then the expression sounds full, easily perceived by those to whom it goes. Such a sentence is two-part, because it has two parts - an adjective and a predicate. Let's take a look at these types of phrases with examples.

  • Evening touched the city. (The proposal is simple. Both compositions are clearly visible).
  • Maria Ivanovna's previously unconstrained eyes reflected the light of a dimmed lamp, and a tremor suddenly arose in her voice. (This is a complex sentence that contains 2 simple ones. There is a coordinating union “a” between them).
  • I looked into the aquarium: the tortoise moved its paws briskly. (A complex non-union proposal. Both parts of it are two-part).
  • Oliver had been looking out the window of the shop where his comrade worked for several hours. (A complex subordinating sentence, where the main part is clearly visible: “Oliver has been looking out the window of the shop for several hours” and the subordinate clause: “in which he worked ...”. Both parts are two-part).

One-part sentence

With one-part phrases, it is somewhat more difficult. They belong more to free, poetic tales than scientific ones. contain such proposals. one composition: either the predicate or the subject. Let's take a look at a few specific examples.

  • I will pick flowers in the spring. I'll take a walk. See mesmerizing nights.
  • Sweep purple foliage.

One-component legends are not whole, but understandable without context. When studying, they are more difficult for schoolchildren, because they have own classification. The types of one-part expressions are:

  • generalized-personal;
  • indefinitely personal;
  • impersonal;
  • nominative or denominative;
  • definitely personal.

generalized-personal

In such an expression is mainly a verb. Who performs the role of the subject is unclear. This becomes clear from the context. Also, a generalized personal sentence is often used to build proverbs and other folk tales.

  • What goes around comes around.
  • Dreaming about the future - forget about the past.

The predicate is used in the second person. Both singular and plural are allowed. When talking about future events, they use the verb of the third number in the plural.

Indefinite-personal

The main member here is also the predicate, and subject remains unknown. The verb is in the third person, plural or singular. Both present and future tenses are allowed. The mood can be imperative or indicative.

  • Played with a puppy in the yard.
  • Let her think about tomorrow.
  • They sang songs until the evening.

To distinguish the indefinitely personal from the generalized, it is important to understand one semantic nuance. In generalized personal sentences, it is all at once. Who exactly is involved does not matter - the phrase is universal.

Let's say the proverb: "What you sow, so you reap" is not aimed at a specific person, it can really be applied to any person. In definitely personal sayings, the subject is also not mentioned, but the phrase affects a specific group of people.

Impersonal

Unlike the above varieties, the impersonal phrase is characterized by the complete absence of even a hint of a face. The vast majority of the sentence is short, it can consist of one word.

  • It got cold.
  • It's getting light soon.
  • Silence in the night garden.
  • It got cold every morning.
  • Would like to go to America.
  • Shut up!
  • Would remember.

nominative

To learn this type of one-part sentence is somewhat easier than others. The composition here is expressed as quantitative-nominal combination, or a nominal noun. In such sentences, only the presence of the essence is indicated and nothing is said about the action.

  • Here is the crosswalk sign.
  • There is a pharmacy around the corner.
  • Outside the window is the sun.
  • It's going to rain soon.

Definitely personal

Mainly here is predicate. It is also not difficult to distinguish it, because the verb appears in the first or second person in all tenses, except for the past. Both singular and plural are used.

  • Try to express yourself.
  • Don't be sad anymore.

The opposition of two-part and one-part sentences is connected with the number of members included in the grammatical basis.

    Two-part sentences contain two the main members are the subject and the predicate.

    The boy is running; The earth is round.

    One-part sentences contain one main member (subject or predicate).

    Evening; It's evening.

Types of one-part sentences

Main member expression form Examples Correlative constructions
two-part sentences
1. Offers with one main member - PREDICT
1.1. Definitely personal suggestions
Verb-predicate in the form of the 1st or 2nd person (there are no forms of the past tense or conditional mood, since in these forms the verb has no person).

I love the storm in early May.
Run after me!

I I love the storm in early May.
You Run after me!

1.2. Indefinitely personal sentences
The verb-predicate in the form of the plural of the third person (in the past tense and the conditional mood the verb-predicate in the plural).

They knock on the door.
They knocked on the door.

Someone knocks on the door.
Someone knocked in the door.

1.3. Generalized personal offers
They do not have their own specific form of expression. In form - definitely personal or indefinitely personal. Distinguished by value. Two main types of value:

A) the action can be attributed to any person;

B) the action of a particular person (the speaker) is habitual, repetitive or presented as a generalized judgment (the verb-predicate is in the form of the 2nd person singular, although we are talking about the speaker, that is, the 1st person).

Without effort, you can not take the fish out of the pond(in the form of a definite personal).
Do not count your chickens before they are hatched(in form - indefinitely personal).
You can't get rid of the spoken word.
You will have a snack at a halt, and then you will go again.

Any ( any) without difficulty will not take the fish out of the pond.
Everything do not count your chickens before they are hatched .
Any ( any) counts chickens in the fall.
From the spoken word any won't let go.
I I'll have a snack at a halt and then I'll go again.

1.4. impersonal offer
1) Verb-predicate in impersonal form (coincides with the singular, third person or neuter form).

but) It's getting light; It was dawning; I'm lucky;
b) melts;
in) to me(Danish case) can't sleep;
G) blown by the wind(creative case) blew off the roof.


b) Snow melts;
in) I am not sleeping;
G) The wind tore off the roof.

2) A compound nominal predicate with a nominal part - an adverb.

but) It's cold outside ;
b) I'm cold;
in) I'm sad ;

a) there are no correlative structures;

b) I'm cold;
in) I am sad.

3) A compound verbal predicate, the auxiliary part of which is a compound nominal predicate with a nominal part - an adverb.

but) to me sorry to leave with you;
b) to me Need to go .

but) I I don't want to leave with you;
b) I have to go.

4) A compound nominal predicate with a nominal part - a brief passive participle of the past tense in the form of a singular, neuter gender.

Closed .
Well said, Father Varlaam.
The room is smoky.

The store is closed .
Father Varlaam said smoothly.
Someone smoked in the room.

5) The predicate no or the verb in the impersonal form with the negative particle not + addition in the genitive case (negative impersonal sentences).

No money .
There was no money.
No money left.
There wasn't enough money.

6) The predicate no or the verb in the impersonal form with the negative particle not + the addition in the genitive case with the intensifying particle neither (negative impersonal sentences).

There is not a cloud in the sky.
There wasn't a cloud in the sky.
I don't have a penny.
I didn't have a penny.

The sky is cloudless.
The sky was cloudless.
I don't have a penny.
I didn't have a dime.

1.5. Infinitive sentences
The predicate is an independent infinitive.

Everyone be silent!
Be thunder!
To go to the sea!
To forgive a person, you need to understand it.

Everyone be quiet.
There will be a thunderstorm.
I would go to the sea.
To could you forgive a person, you must understand it.

2. Offers with one main member - SUBJECT
Denominative (nominative) sentences
The subject is a name in the nominative case (the sentence cannot contain a circumstance or addition that would relate to the predicate).

Night .
Spring .

Usually there are no correlative structures.

Notes.

1) Negative impersonal sentences ( No money; There is not a cloud in the sky) are monosyllabic only when negation is expressed. If the construction is made affirmative, the sentence becomes two-part: the form of the genitive case will change to the form of the nominative case (cf .: No money. - Have money ; There is not a cloud in the sky. - There are clouds in the sky).

2) A number of researchers form the genitive case in negative impersonal sentences ( No money ; There is not a cloud in the sky) considers part of the predicate. In school textbooks, this form is usually parsed as an addition.

3) Infinitive sentences ( Be silent! Be thunder!) are classified as impersonal by a number of researchers. They are also discussed in the school textbook. But infinitive sentences differ from impersonal ones in meaning. The main part of impersonal sentences denotes an action that arises and proceeds independently of the agent. In infinitive sentences, the person is encouraged to take active action ( Be silent!); the inevitability or desirability of active action is noted ( Be thunder! To go to the sea!).

4) Nominative (nominative) sentences are classified by many researchers as two-part with a zero link.

Note!

1) In negative impersonal sentences with an addition in the form of the genitive case with an intensifying particle neither ( There is not a cloud in the sky; I don't have a dime) the predicate is often omitted (cf.: The sky is clear; I don't have a dime).

In this case, we can talk about a one-part and at the same time incomplete sentence (with an omitted predicate).

2) The main meaning of denominative (nominative) sentences ( Night) is the statement of being (presence, existence) of objects and phenomena. These constructions are possible only if the phenomenon is correlated with the present time. When changing tense or mood, the sentence becomes two-part with the predicate to be.

Wed: It was night ; There will be night; Let there be night; It would be night.

3) Nominative (nominative) sentences cannot contain circumstances, since this minor member usually correlates with the predicate (and there is no predicate in nominal (nominative) sentences). If the sentence contains a subject and a circumstance ( Pharmacy- (where?) around the corner; I- (where?) to the window), then it is more expedient to analyze such sentences as two-part incomplete ones - with an omitted predicate.

Wed: The pharmacy is/is located around the corner; I rushed/ran to the window.

4) Nominative (nominative) sentences cannot contain additions that correlate with the predicate. If there are such additions in the proposal ( I- (for whom?) For you), then it is more expedient to analyze these sentences as two-part incomplete ones - with the predicate omitted.

Wed: I am walking/following you.

Plan for parsing a one-part sentence

  1. Determine the type of one-part sentence.
  2. Indicate those grammatical features of the main member that make it possible to attribute the sentence to this particular type of one-component sentences.

Sample parsing

Show off, city of Petrov(Pushkin).

The offer is one-part (definitely personal). Predicate show off expressed by the verb in the second person of the imperative mood.

Fire lit in the kitchen(Sholokhov).

The sentence is one-part (indefinitely personal). Predicate lit expressed by the verb in the plural past tense.

With a gentle word you will melt the stone(proverb).

The offer is one-sided. In form - definitely personal: predicate melt expressed by the verb in the second person of the future tense; in meaning - generalized-personal: the action of the verb-predicate refers to any actor (cf .: With a kind word and a stone will melt any / anyone).

Smelled wonderfully fishy(Kuprin).

The offer is one-part (impersonal). Predicate smelled expressed by the verb in the impersonal form (past tense, singular, neuter).

soft moonlight(stagnant).

The offer is one-part (named). Main member - subject light- expressed by a noun in the nominative case.

What is a two-part offer? Let's deal with the terminology together. As you know, all of them, according to the composition of the main members, are divided into one-part and two-part. a two-part sentence has two main members: a subject and a predicate, a one-part sentence has only one, which is called a special term - "the main member of a one-part sentence."

Types of two-part sentences

In turn, two-part, in accordance with the type of predicate, are divided into nominal and verbal, which are further divided. So, among the two-part verb sentences there are conjugated verbs (for example, "Baby laughed") and infinitives ( "Child - laugh!"); among nominal sentences stand out with a predicate, a pronounced adjective ( "The night is amazingly bright"; "This noise is forest") or a noun in any case ( "He seemed to be in his twenties").

Incomplete two-part

In order to accurately determine what it is, one should understand the difference between incomplete and one-component.

One in which one of the members (major or minor) is omitted. They are often used in colloquial speech. Examples of sentences of this type are common in dialogues.

- What did they give him?

- Kitten.

In this dialogue, the second sentence is incomplete. Its meaning is understood by us from the context. The addition "to him" and the predicate "gave" are missing here. would look like this: "He was given a kitten."

Signs of an incomplete sentence

If a predicate or subject is omitted in a two-part sentence, then it can be confused with a one-part sentence. To prevent this from happening, you need to know the signs of an incomplete sentence.

1. It feels the omission of a certain word, which at the same time can be restored from the situation of speech or from previous sentences.

So, the presence of a dash can tell us that one of the terms is missing. Consider, for example, the following sentence: "My sister wants to go to the theater, and I want to go to hockey." The second part of this sentence - with the omission of the predicate ("I want to go"). However, not all occurrences of dashes are incomplete sentences. For example, "Bug is a dog", - complete.

2. The proposal contains minor members that can only be attributed to the missing member.

- Where are you going?

- I'm shopping.

In this example, the circumstance "(for) shopping" can only refer to the missing predicate "I'm going" or "I'm going", so this is an incomplete two-part sentence.

3. There is no subject, and the predicate is represented by the verb in the form of the third person singular in the future or present tense, or in the singular form of the past tense. Exception - (such as "forbidden", "required", "dawn"), as well as personal in an impersonal sense ("darkens"). We give the following two-part sentence with the omission of the subject as an example.

The athlete was well prepared for the competition. Immediately defeated all competitors.

Here, in the second sentence, the subject "he" is omitted. This example is an incomplete two-part sentence.

Context value

Sometimes it is only by context that one can determine whether a sentence is two-part incomplete or one-part. So, consider, for example, a typical case that is used in two different situations.

- What is the music like?

- They play the piano.

Here the second sentence is indefinitely personal, one-part, since it is impossible to determine the person performing the action.

- What do your students do?

- They play the piano.

In this case, an incomplete two-part is presented, since it refers to specific students of one of the interlocutors. What is a two-part sentence was defined by us at the beginning of the article.

Predicate - verb in plural past tense

A sentence with a predicate, which is expressed by a verb in the past tense and plural, can also be either an incomplete two-part or an indefinite-personal one-part, depending on the context.

Your house is dark because another one was built opposite it.

In this, the second part is an indefinitely personal one-part sentence, since it is impossible to determine the person who performed the action.

- What have you done this year?

- Built a house.

In this context, it is clear that the speaker (and perhaps his family) did the action, so this sentence cannot be called vaguely personal. This is an example of an incomplete two-part.

We hope we have clearly explained what a two-part sentence is and how to distinguish it from a one-part sentence. More detailed information can be found in any Russian grammar textbook, in the "syntax" section. You can also find examples of these two types of sentences there.

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