How to process wooden floors in the steam room. Treatment of wooden and concrete floors in the bath: what and how is better

If wooden floors are made in a residential or non-residential building, then it would be wrong to leave them without a protective finish coating. Without it, the surface will quickly become dirty, worn out, moldy or spoiled by microorganisms. Wooden floors are processed using different materials. They not only protect the surface and prolong its service life, but also enhance the aesthetic performance, giving a matte or glossy sheen, a certain color or shade, emphasizing the beauty of the wood grain. To understand how to process a wooden floor, you need to take into account the purpose of the room, the characteristics of the temperature and humidity conditions in it, and the properties of the coating.

Why is wood flooring done?

The plank floor in a private house, apartment, on a balcony or in a non-residential premises is treated to protect against:

spoilage by microorganisms;
moisture;
sunlight;
mold;
exposure to high and low temperatures.

Wood is particularly susceptible to microbial and mold damage in wet conditions, so protection against moisture absorption is especially important. When the temperature and humidity in the room change, the wood absorbs and releases moisture, due to which the material shrinks, swells and deforms. Protective impregnation and lacquering to some extent reduce the impact of these negative factors on the material and make the product more stable.

It is necessary to cover the floor on an unheated balcony, loggia or veranda to protect it from moisture and sunlight. In addition, any coating reduces the degree of surface contamination, increases its wear resistance and strength.

Types of materials for processing and protection

The following materials are commonly used to process a wooden floor:

an antiseptic is necessary for all wood products to protect against damage by microorganisms;
varnishes increase wear resistance and surface strength, protect from moisture;
oils should be chosen if you want to protect the floor from the absorption of dirt, increase its aesthetic characteristics, protect it from moisture and damage by microorganisms;
after treatment with oils or antiseptic impregnations, wax is often applied, it gives the surface shine, eliminates minor irregularities and defects, protects against moisture and damage by microorganisms;
if you want to cover the surface with a dense color composition, then choose paint, under a thick layer of paint the board is reliably protected from moisture, sun and other negative influences.

Antiseptic impregnations

Primary treatment with antiseptic impregnations is carried out at the stage of lumber harvesting. After that, during the operation of the finished product, such processing is periodically repeated to extend the service life.

An antiseptic for a wooden floor is needed both for preventive purposes and for visible wood damage by mold and bacteria. In this case, the following types of impregnations are used:

Water soluble formulations they are distinguished by the absence of smell, quick absorption and ease of application (even a wet surface can be treated). The ingredients are completely non-toxic. They are used in residential and commercial buildings for processing doors, frames, fences and other lumber. The disadvantages include the following:

water-based antiseptics are not suitable for boards in contact with water;
penetrate deeply.

Organic Based Blends have deep penetration. They contain many useful additives. But they have a pungent odor and require preliminary surface preparation before application. They are used in damp rooms, for example, cellars or baths.
Combinations are also on sale.

Important! All antiseptics are divided into transport, which are designed for temporary processing of wood for the period of its transportation and installation, and long-term, designed to protect the product for many decades.

Lucky

This transparent agent, after being applied to the surface and drying, forms a strong transparent film that gives the product a shine, increases the wear resistance of the floor, protects against moisture, decay and mold.

Varnishes are produced on the basis of different resins, which are dissolved by volatile compounds. Acrylic copolymers, polyurethane, synthetic and natural resins are used as the basis.

For the treatment of wooden surfaces, the following types of varnishes are used:

Water-soluble one- and two-component formulations. The most durable and expensive two-component varnishes. They are odorless and dry quickly. Such varnishes increase the wear resistance of the floor.
Alkyd compounds emphasize the natural beauty of the tree, increase the strength of the product. They are not suitable for work at high temperatures, are difficult to apply and take a long time to dry.
Polyurethane-based mixtures the strongest and most durable. After their application, the wear resistance of the floor increases significantly. The disadvantage of these compounds is that they are applied only to well-dried boards. Otherwise, defects in the form of blisters and bubbles appear on the surface.

Dye

This opaque durable coating is made on the basis of acrylic, polyurethane or tetrachlorvinyl. Most often, alkyd and acrylic paints are used in houses, which have the following advantages:

they are very easy and simple to apply;
the floor surface is easy to care for;
do not need the use of special cleaning products;
each consumer can choose an affordable product;
a large selection of colors, which facilitates the selection of coatings for the color of the interior;
the paint layer, subject to proper care and gentle mechanical action, will last for more than one year.

Important! The disadvantage of paint is the low aesthetic appeal of the coating in comparison with varnish, oil and wax. Moreover, the paint hides the beauty of the wood, and the coating loses its natural look.

Oil impregnations

Oil impregnation for a wooden floor differs from varnish in that it does not form a dense impermeable layer on the surface. The oil is absorbed into the upper layers of wood and increases the moisture resistance of the material and its resistance to wear.

If you have wooden floors in the nursery, it’s easy to guess how to treat their surface if you study all the features of oil impregnation. The oil fills all the pores of the wood and reduces the possibility of penetration of moisture and dirt. But at the same time, the natural look of the material and the beauty of its texture are completely preserved.

Important! There are colorless oils that preserve the natural color of the material, and compounds that give the product a certain shade.

Oil impregnations allow you to get a pleasant to the touch, non-slip surface. This coating option is suitable for living rooms with low traffic, for example, for bedrooms and children's rooms. But keep in mind that oil treatment will have to be renewed periodically.

Wax

On sale there are special waxes for impregnating wood. They are applied to the surface with the help of special rollers, after which they are carefully rubbed and polished with a soft cloth. Waxing is needed to increase the moisture resistance of the floor, giving it beauty and a beautiful shade.

Important! The main disadvantage of wax is its low resistance to mechanical stress.

However, the wax coating is ideal for floors with defects in the form of small cracks, crevices and irregularities, since after its application all these problems are eliminated. It turns out a flat, smooth and shiny surface.

What determines the choice of means of protection?

Now let's figure out the best way to cover the wooden floors in the house. The use of varnishes should be abandoned in the following cases:

If the wooden surface has previously been treated with oil formulations. They cannot be removed even with the help of scraping, since the oil penetrates deep into the structure of the tree. If you apply varnish on such a surface, it will swell and peel off.
Varnishes are not suitable for rooms with high humidity (bathrooms, verandas, balconies).
Lacquer compositions are not used to treat the floor on an open balcony, terrace, veranda or in the gazebo.

A wooden floor is an environmentally friendly and safe coating that maintains a comfortable indoor climate. Unlike synthetic materials, natural wood exudes a pleasant forest aroma and does not emit toxic substances. The tree is distinguished by strength. Durability and aesthetic appearance. It is pleasant to the touch and has a beneficial effect on the well-being of a person.

Advantages of a wooden floor:

Promotes the renewal of oxygen and maintains a comfortable atmosphere in the house;
Durable and reliable coating;
Long service life;
Safety and environmental friendliness. The material does not emit hazardous substances and does not cause allergies. Wood, on the contrary, has a positive effect on the state and mood of a person;
Availability;
Good heat and noise insulation;
Wear resistance and suitability for repair. If necessary, you can easily replace damaged areas of the floor yourself.

Despite the positive properties, wood needs protection and processing. Natural raw materials are subject to the negative effects of moisture and insects. Without special tools, the coating will gradually crack and rot. Protective compounds will protect living material from such problems. They will not only extend the service life, but also improve the appearance of the floor.

Today there are many different means, including varnishes, paints and wax. Wax is rarely used today. It contains beeswax, linseed oil and other additives in small amounts. Such a composition is resistant to moisture, but at the same time it does not provide effective protection against mechanical damage, including heel strikes, traces of furniture, etc. Therefore, we will take a closer look at paints and varnishes and find out how the wooden floor is processed correctly.

Lucky

Varnish is an effective tool that will protect the coating from mold, fungus and insects. It perfectly preserves the structure and emphasizes the original appearance of wood. Varnishes are transparent (glazing) and opaque (cover). A transparent coating will retain the natural color of the wood, but will last only 3-5 years. The opaque composition can be updated every 6-7 years, while it will allow you to achieve the desired shade or shine of the wooden floor.

In addition, the following types of varnishes are distinguished:

Water-soluble - the most environmentally friendly and safe composition that dries quickly and adheres to the floor surface. But such a varnish can only be applied with special rollers, and the coating will have to be updated at least once every three years;
The alkyd type characterizes resistance, durability and a high degree of wood protection. But be prepared that such a varnish dries for two or three days;
Polyurethane material is wear-resistant, so it is suitable for rooms with high mechanical stress. This varnish is used to treat the floor in the hallway, living room and even in a cafe;
Formaldehyde varnish guarantees a durable and reliable coating that is resistant to various temperatures. But when painting, it releases dangerous chemicals, so it is important to work only in a respirator;
Oil products are more susceptible to the negative effects of precipitation and humidity, so such varnishes cannot be used to treat the floor in the gazebo or on the terrace. However, they are suitable for interior decoration of a wooden house. Oil varnishes are often used to update an old coating. They revitalize the wood and make the surface shiny;
Acrylic varnish forms a transparent shade without yellowness. It is a safe, odorless product with a long service life. They are moisture resistant and offer a wide range of gloss options. It is advisable to use such funds for rooms with low traffic, including a bedroom, a nursery, etc.

Regardless of the type of varnish, it is important to read the instructions before use and, if necessary, consult a specialist. It is important to understand whether this or that product is suitable for your type of room, type of wood and type of flooring. It is important to know how to apply varnish, whether protective equipment is needed when working with the material. Compliance with the rules of selection and staining will achieve the desired result.

Paints

If you want to give wood a certain color or shade, choose paints. They also protect the wood from moisture and decay, harmful bacteria and insects.

Today, manufacturers offer the following types of paint:

Vinyl paints are used for both exterior and interior woodworking. They are resistant to moisture, have a wide range of colors and inexpensive cost. However, such products are not popular among the owners of wooden houses, since when they evaporate, they release toxic substances that are harmful to health. In addition, the vinyl composition fades and cracks quite quickly;
Oil products are characterized by rich colors and a uniform structure, resistance to temperature extremes and low price. Such paint will create a bright and fashionable image of a wooden floor. However, such a coating dries for 24 hours. In addition, after 2-3 years you will have to paint the floor again;
Polyurethane paints, like similar varnishes, are distinguished by wear resistance and long service life. Such materials effectively protect wood, but they are toxic and expensive;
Alkyd compounds, when stained, spread an unpleasant odor that will persist for several days even after drying. Among the advantages of such a paint, resistance to moisture and precipitation, temperature extremes and other negative factors are distinguished;
Water-based acrylic paints are in great demand today due to their resistance to high humidity, frost and ultraviolet radiation. They are distinguished by a long service life, which is up to 10 years! Manufacturers offer a wide range of colors, which includes two thousand different shades. It is a safe and environmentally friendly composition that does not fade. Therefore, acrylic materials are effectively used for painting facades.

Paint for processing a wooden floor, first of all, is chosen according to the degree of environmental friendliness. Therefore, water-based alkyd formulations will be the best tool. They will protect the wood and give the floor a noble look. Moreover, due to the stability and durability, it will not be necessary to paint the coating more than once every 8-10 years!

How to paint a wooden floor

A rational option would be to paint the wooden floor first with paint and then with varnish. Coating with one varnish will not provide adequate protection for wood from mechanical damage. But a varnish of a better quality finish will fix the coating with paint, give the desired shine and look of a new, fresh floor.

Before painting the floor, you need to prepare the surface. Clean the wood from dust and dirt. If the floor has been painted before, remove the old coating with a spatula or sandpaper. Then the surface is polished, cracks and gaps are eliminated with putty. A new wooden floor can be treated with drying oil or a primer before painting to enhance the protective properties and reduce paint costs.

Apply paint only on a completely dry surface! Paint the floor with a roller, spray gun, use a brush for hard-to-reach places. Please note that the spray gun and sprayer do not always allow you to achieve an even layer. In addition, it can leave unpainted areas.

Start painting from corners, baseboards and other hard-to-reach places. When painting, stir the paint composition regularly and do not forget about ventilation. The paint is applied in two layers parallel to the direction of the boards. The second layer is applied only after the previous one has completely dried!

When the paint dries, the floor can be covered with two or three layers of varnish. Do not forget that you can apply each new layer only when the previous one dries! Apply paints and varnishes with smooth strokes to avoid bumps and bumps.

Masters of the MariSrub company will help you choose the right products and answer any question of interest! They will paint inside and outside the house, provide a full range of services for the construction and decoration of log buildings.

Treatment of the floor with protective compounds is one of the key stages in preparing the bath for operation. The comfort and hygiene of the bath room, as well as the service life of wooden structures, depends on how competently and efficiently this work is carried out. How to process the floor in the bath will be discussed in this article.

Why process the floor in the bath

A sauna room made of wood provides a number of undeniable advantages:

environmental friendliness of the material;
favorable microclimate;
in summer the room is cool, and in winter the heat is kept inside the bath.

However, wood is not without its drawbacks:

This is a flammable material.
The tree is subject to the destructive influence of moisture, which means that a fungus forms on it, and rotting processes develop.
Wood is food for many insect pests.

Thus, impregnation is designed to level the above disadvantages of wood. Proper impregnation will preserve the wooden product from negative external influences and extend its trouble-free operation up to 10 years or more.

In addition, the treatment of the floor with a protective composition increases the dirt-repellent characteristics of the material.

Impregnation is often used to increase the attractiveness of the material. Some formulations include pigmenting components that can emphasize the natural wood structure.

Types of impregnation for the floor

According to technical regulations, wood processing should be carried out even before the material has come under the negative influence of external factors. However, even when processed during operation, the wooden product becomes much more protected. Below is a table with information about the functionality of the impregnating compositions.

Impregnation function	Description
Moisture protection	As a result of penetration into the pores of the material, the impregnation clogs the natural channels for moisture access. This is the basis of the mechanism for increasing the moisture resistance of wood. At the same time, there is a dependence: the deeper the protective substance penetrated into the wood structure, the higher the degree of protection. When choosing an impregnation, it is recommended to check with the seller the suitability of the composition for processing the bath floor.
Protection against microorganisms	In conditions of high humidity, an attractive environment is created for the development and reproduction of all kinds of microorganisms harmful to the tree. After some time from the beginning of their activity, the process of decay develops in the wood. As a result, the service life of wooden structures is drastically reduced. In addition, a room with a rotting moldy floor is not the most attractive place for bath procedures. Special antifungal agents in the composition of the impregnations will help prevent the development of the fungus.
fire protection	Fire-resistant compositions are very relevant for baths, especially in the area of \u200b\u200ba stone oven. Fire-resistant solutions are not used in dressing rooms and rest rooms. Flame retardant impregnation cannot completely protect against fire, however, it will significantly reduce the likelihood of a fire.
Surface pigmentation	Such solutions allow you to change the natural color of the wooden surface. They are usually used for decorative purposes. Often added to a protective composition as an additional component. The color range of impregnations in this category is quite diverse: even ordinary pine can be made to look like a highly valuable wood species.

Four varieties of impregnations are produced:

Waterborne formulations. Produced on the basis of an acrylic component. Give wood resistance to moisture and biological damage. The surface treated with a water-borne composition acquires dirt-repellent properties. Such impregnations are best used to protect coatings in the dressing room and rest room.
Organic based formulations. Differ in high resistance to the increased humidity and durability of a protective film. Organic impregnations are used for both external and internal processing.
Oil formulations. They are deeply absorbed into the wood and perfectly resist moisture. However, the oil solution emits a sharp unpleasant odor due to the presence of a solvent in its composition.
Mixed compositions. A characteristic feature of such impregnations is increased resistance to fire.

Surface technology

The work on processing the floor in the bath consists of a number of successive stages and includes three steps:

First, you need to process the surface with a grinder. The purpose of this step is to achieve a flat floor, on which there will be no roughness, prominent places and other defects. If a grinder is not available, you will have to level the floor manually. Sandpaper will do for this, but this processing method should be classified as very labor-intensive.
Secondly, before you cover the floor in the bath, you need to remove all the debris that has formed on the surface. To do this, you need a vacuum cleaner or a broom. Remaining dust should be removed with a damp cloth.
Thirdly, the surface must be treated with impregnation. Impregnation should begin as soon as the floor is completely dry after cleaning it. Impregnation is applied with a brush or soft roller. In large areas, it is more convenient to work with a roller, but in small, narrow, curved spaces, a paint brush is more suitable.

If several coats of impregnating agent are to be applied, or finishing materials differ greatly in their characteristics, work intervals must be observed. Specific parameters for proper surface treatment are indicated in the manufacturer's instructions. The drying time of different impregnations can also vary significantly, depending on the type of composition and environmental parameters.

When purchasing an impregnating composition, you need to pay attention to the following indicators:

Manufacturers produce mixtures designed for use in different situations: for fresh wood, for uninfected lumber, for partially affected and heavily damaged wood products.
Impregnations can be aimed at both external and internal use. These compounds are not interchangeable.
It is best to purchase a specialized impregnation made for processing the floor of a bath or sauna. An example is an impregnation such as "Supi Laudesuoja" from the Finnish company "Tikkurila". Specialized compositions are well adapted to a high level of humidity at a simultaneously elevated air temperature.
Each product must be accompanied by a conclusion of the sanitary and epidemiological station indicating the safety of products for people and animals.
Often, impregnations are available in a colorless version, but if necessary, you can purchase a composition with a wood-colored pigment.

The choice of a specific impregnating composition depends on the goals. The minimum set of characteristics of a good impregnation is the ability to withstand moisture and pests.

The strengthening of the natural finish, its decorative treatment and the application of a glossy finish are the main stages of working with wooden floors in order to preserve their integrity for a long time.

Naturally, the goal of all work on a wooden floor is to protect it, ensure the durability of the created coating and give the surface a more aesthetic appearance, pleasing to the eye and touch. Thinking about what you can cover first of all with a new wooden floor in a house, it should be understood that a natural coating requires not only decorative finishing, but also a competent approach to processing the deep layers of wood. Protective treatment, which increases the strength and density of the wood coating, is carried out in order to preserve it, increase its wear resistance and resistance to mechanical damage, such as, for example, abrasion, trauma from impacts and many other accidents.

How to protect the floor surface in the house

The used paints and varnishes, oils and wax for wood have a positive effect on the elimination of the disadvantages inherent in this type of coating. The problems with the high hygroscopicity of all natural materials that really complicate the process of decorating the surface are. This means that the wooden layer can absorb a certain amount of moisture, and this process will further lead to its swelling, deformation and increase the vulnerability of the coating, to damage to the new base.

Another major problem is the susceptibility of untreated wood materials to decay, insect infestations that are difficult to get rid of. Processing with appropriate means will solve this problem, but it must be done in a timely manner and the condition of the wood covering should be monitored during its further operation. Lacquer coatings reliably protect the wooden floor from pests and fungal infections. Lacquering is the most common method of processing precious woods. The choice of type of varnish and the method of processing depends on the structure of the wood species used and on the operating conditions of the floor.

High-quality protection can also be carried out with the use of oil. The compositions of modern oil products make it possible to produce floors with bright rich colors, well protected from mechanical influences and bacteriological invasions. The technique of applying the oil and preparing it is not more or less complicated than varnishing, one must choose according to the appearance, according to which one seems more pleasant. It will no longer be possible to varnish a wooden floor covered with oil or a pro-oiled base.

Wax products can also protect the upper wooden layer from cracking, from moisture, from the influence of ultraviolet rays, but they are not able to protect it from aggressive mechanical influences. Wax cannot be considered durable, waxing must be done quite often, at least twice a year and, depending on the degree of wear of the coating, even more often with high traffic in the house.

How varnish is applied

The means used for such protection are developed on various bases, there are:

water-soluble varnishes distinguishable by the composition of the components;
more delicate alkyd, emphasizing the structure of wood;
providing greater strength than other types of coatings, polyurethane multicomponent;
acid varnishes on wooden surface view.

On sites subject to precipitation, varnishing is not done, the paint and varnish composition will necessarily suffer from excessive moisture, the surface will become cloudy and crack, other compositions are used for outdoor woodwork.

When working with new floors, preparing them for varnishing, you should carefully examine the attachment points of the floorboards, achieve the same level of the entire surface, if necessary, carefully level the existing defects, nail heads. After polishing the floor, a primer varnish is used, which dries quickly, in almost a few hours, and allows a further layer of varnish to lie better on the smoothed surface. The priming varnish must correspond to the brand of the future varnished coating. In addition to priming varnishes, there are other stains and impregnations that allow you to protect wood from fungi and decay, as well as strengthen the surface wooden layer. Then, drying in layers, varnish is applied. These manipulations can take a long time, up to several weeks. The drying rate largely depends on the initial moisture content of the wood. Heavily damp floors can dry for more than three months, so experts recommend starting varnishing in the fall, since the likelihood that the wood has dried out over the summer is higher, and the floor can be put into operation faster. Old floors are first cycled, removing the dilapidated top layer, then the gaps are eliminated and then varnished like new ones.

Floor scraping

Lacquering a wooden floor

Lacquered floor

Varnish selection

Having decided to use a water-soluble varnish as a protective layer, you need to read the instructions that came with the product and understand how often it will have to be reapplied. The service life of single-component and multi-component varnishes differ. Water-soluble varnish dries faster than all other types of varnish and therefore is most often used in the treatment of wood floors.

Coatings treated with polyurethane varnishes are considered the longest serving and resistant to mechanical stress in the house. They are used in crowded places if there are animals in the house that can damage the surface.

Long-drying alkyd varnishes treat wood, carefully emphasizing its structure. The appearance of such floors seems the most natural, with a pronounced wood structure.

Acid curing varnishes give the surface special strength, such a coating is not afraid of temperature changes, resistant to moisture.

Floor protection with wax or oil

Wax can protect wood from moisture, scratches and insects. Wax does not save wood from mechanical injuries. The wax surface is obtained with a very beautiful noble sheen, thoroughly emphasizes the structure of the wood species, it turns out pleasant to the touch, and is not afraid of temperature fluctuations. This coverage needs to be renewed twice a year. Modern oils with hard waxes are easy to apply, have a pleasant smell and perfectly restore the surface.

Oil formulations do not give the surface such a shine as varnishing. The oils work well with the structure of the wood, penetrating and enriching the layers. When choosing a composition for processing, it must be taken into account that metal furniture cannot be placed on oily surfaces, the coatings will react and blackening marks from furniture legs will remain on the floor. Oily surfaces are also afraid of sudden changes in temperature and are not suitable for holding a warm base.

Wax does not save the wooden floor from mechanical damage

Is it possible, after laying a wood flooring, not to cover it with anything

Modern wooden floors have a high quality finish. Sooner or later, moisture, temperature changes, household use will do their job, and the surface will lose its initial gloss and good texture, so experts recommend treating the floors in order to protect them. As an option, in which varnish, paint, wax are not applied to the coating, the Scandinavian method of wood processing is used. During processing, the coating is carefully ground, cleaned of the resulting dust and washed with water and soapy components. The cleanliness of the surface cannot last forever, such a coating will have to be washed quite often, it will have a high tendency to become dirty, and it will also need to be spared from mechanical stress, chipping and abrasion.

The smoothness of the floor surface, its gloss and resistance to moisture increases due to the processing, but the wood flooring should always be washed with a minimum of moisture, this will help to keep any flooring longer.

Logs are one of the most important components of the floors in the house. According to their purpose, these are the supporting elements on which the floor boards are laid. Thanks to the lags, the rigidity of the entire floor structure is ensured. Therefore, it is important to ensure their resistance to decay and microorganisms. Moisture resistance can be achieved by special processing of wood. About what and how to process lags will be discussed below.

Lags and external environment

Theoretically, lags should not be directly affected by aggressive environmental factors. First of all, we are talking about moisture. The fact is, if the logs are laid on the foundation of the building, they do not have direct contact with the environment, since the material is vapor-insulated and waterproofed. However, in the subfield, due to temperature differences between the upper and lower levels, condensate still accumulates.

It should be understood that builders do not always strictly follow the technological process when laying floors, and if this was the case, then the wooden structure will also begin to rot.

The scheme of the wooden floor on the logs

Another enemy of wood is harmful microorganisms. Due to natural factors, any unprotected wooden structure is susceptible to pests. Therefore, the processing of any wooden structures is an urgent need.

There is no one - the only right way to handle lags. In each case, many circumstances must be taken into account, for example, the type of tree. After all, each type of wood reacts differently to moisture. Nevertheless, a number of general recommendations can be given that will allow you to get an idea of \u200b\u200bthe correct approach to processing the log floor.

The main way to protect wood from decay and microorganisms is the treatment with chemicals.

Classification of compositions for processing lag

Chemical preparations for protecting wood during flooring, according to building codes and regulations, are divided into several types:

surface antiseptics;
impregnation;
film forming compounds.

According to the norms of SNiP, surface compositions are divided into three types:

water soluble;
organic;
oil.

Water-soluble compounds include fluorides, borates (washable antiseptic substances), as well as complex compounds containing chromium, arsenic and copper (hard-to-wash antiseptics). Organics include compositions based on alkyds, urethanes and acrylics. A large group of oil compositions includes substances based on coal, anthracenes and other compounds of this kind. Oil preparations also include compositions based on vegetable oil, tar, and rosin.

Glazing compositions are used for surface treatment. Surface application means a depth of 1-3 millimeters. Impregnations are able to penetrate into the structure of the tree by 15-35 millimeters.

Note! Leave-in preparations are used to protect parts subject to heavy rainfall and regular wet cleaning.

By functionality, antiseptics are classified as follows:

preservative;
fireproof;
transport;
bleaching.

Chemicals can be divided into factory-made compositions and folk remedies.

Branded compositions

They are divided into fire-bioprotective and bioprotective agents, as well as indelible antiseptics.

Fire bioprotective substances

This method of protection is one of the most effective, because it allows you to protect wooden materials not only from microorganisms, putrefactive processes, but also protects from fire. The latter quality, due to the fire hazard of wood, is of considerable importance.

Fire-bioprotective substances preserve the lag structure for many years: fire protection is provided for 3 years, and biological protection of the material - for 25 years. Although if the wood product is not used in extreme conditions, the actual duration of the drugs will be longer.

Fire-retardant compositions are environmentally friendly, have no unpleasant odors and are completely safe to use. The environmental friendliness of the preparations is ensured by their composition: there are no components dangerous to humans, including allergens.

Any legally sold drug must have the conclusion of the sanitary and epidemiological station, fire regulations and a quality certificate.

Bioprotective compounds

Preparations of this group improve only the bioprotective qualities of wood materials. Bioprotective compositions protect wood from turning blue, mold, rotting, material-destroying fungi and wood-boring beetles. Preparations provide bioprotection for 25-30 years.

Most often, antiseptic drugs are sold in the form of concentrates. In some cases, pigmenting agents are added to the formulations. The pigment allows you to visually control the quality of the coating of a wooden surface.

Bioprotective agents are characterized by a slight odor, environmental friendliness, do not contain allergens. They are easy to prepare - just dilute in water. Surface treatment can be carried out in various ways, including roller, brush, spray, dipping.

Are applied to protection of the designs operated in the conditions of the increased humidity. For example, indelible antiseptics are relevant at high levels of precipitation, temperature fluctuations, as well as in buildings where wood is often moistened due to operating conditions (baths, saunas).

Working with indelible antiseptics is not difficult, but it takes a lot of time. The approximate consumption of the substance per square meter is 350-400 grams. Surface application is achieved after 3-4 coats. If we are talking about dipping, you will need to withstand the material for 20-30 minutes.

This group of antiseptics gains adhesive qualities after final drying. The color of the wood usually becomes pistachio, thanks to the pigments added to the composition.

Folk remedies

Wooden floor logs can be processed not only with factory compounds, but also with all kinds of folk remedies.

When choosing a specific composition to protect the lag, one should be guided by the goals set. Of all the options described above, the ideal choice is a bio-flame retardant substance that has the maximum spectrum of action.