State Standards and SNiPs for stair railings. Types and arrangement of fencing

It has already become a habit. It does not matter - when climbing or descending the stairs, all people at the level of instincts do it. They reach for the railing - an integral element of most flights of stairs. Therefore, the height of the railing on the stairs is of considerable importance, which should be the most convenient for all categories of people. Young and old, children and the disabled. This article will discuss how to organize the fencing of stairs, what should be the railing and how best to put them.

Basic requirements for the fencing of stairs, fencing

Attention! An important help in the design of staircase fences should be legal acts that regulate the optimal values for these operations.

In particular, all the necessary information about what the height of the railing of a wooden staircase should be can be found in SNiP IV-14-84. There are many other literature with prescriptions, but for your first, individual construction, this one will be enough. If the staircase structure is being built under someone's order, then it is better, of course, to take into account all existing standards and recommendations in your work, and not just the personal wishes of the customer, so that later there will be no problems.

When to make fences

Firstly, according to SNiP, it is necessary to protect all stair structures with a height of more than three steps with a railing, with the exception of external (or any located on the street) stairs-lifts. In fact, even if the lifting structure is outside the house, it is better to protect it with railings in order to surely avoid accidents.

Secondly, for flights of stairs, the width of which does not reach 1m 20cm, and a wall or some partition comes close to it from the left or right edge, you can save money and install only one handrail.
Thirdly, if the width of the stairs is between 1m and 20cm to two and a half meters, the railing must be arranged on both sides. In wider cases, a central handrail can also be used, dividing a large staircase into two small ones.
Fourthly, all of the above principles are relevant for both curved and spiral staircases, but in the case of spiral staircases, on one of the sides, the axial column perfectly copes with the role of the fence.

The design of railings and fences

Such elements of stairs as railings and railings can have a very different structure:

Solid - the most reliable and durable. These are prefabricated or monolithic variations. Most often they can be found in various public buildings. It is also used at private construction sites in outdoor formations, but not always, and the height of the railing of the stairs is taken small.

Latticed - the most popular among fences today. They look like handrails mounted on top of vertically mounted rods that serve as a support for them. Between the bars, the fence is built up with white-posts or inclined elements. They not only support the railing, but also perform a protective function, preventing people from falling down the stairs.

Combined - are a hybrid of the previous two options. At the same time, their handrails are mounted to vertical posts, and the space between them is filled with various materials, such as glass, foam, wood or metal.

What should be the railing

The height of the railing on the stairs in the house is the leading indicator, the values \u200b\u200bof which must be taken into account and carefully calculated.

Attention! The standard height of the stair railing should not go beyond the GOST, not only because you can run into penalties for neglecting its standards. First of all, you should think about the health and safety of your loved ones. Moving along flights of stairs organized with an ill-conceived railing height is simply uncomfortable and, moreover, life-threatening.

Railing dimensions

What should be the height of the railing on the stairs? With regard to the optimal, minimum and maximum values of the height of the railing, the regulations state the following:

The height of the railing on a wooden staircase in a residential building must be at least 90 cm.

As for inter-march platforms, here the height of the fence should also start from 90 cm.

What is the height of the railing on the stairs outside the house? For external, street stairs, this indicator should not be less than 120 cm.

In residential buildings and institutions where internal flights of stairs are used daily, mainly by children of all ages, the minimum height of the fences should be 110cm.

Attention! To make it more comfortable for both children and adults to use the stairs, you can make height railings for parents and add another row of railings lower for kids.

Not only the height matters, but also the angle at which the railing is made. It should fall in the range from 20 to 45 degrees and in no case go beyond it.

Library

This section contains general requirements for handrails. The features of their installation along stairs, ramps and in toilets can be found in the relevant sections.
The handrails of stairs and ramps must have sections on both sides that extend beyond the length of the flight of stairs or the inclined section of the ramp: at least 300 mm at the bottom and 300 mm at the top. The indicated sections must be horizontal (Fig. 7.1 and 7.2).

For a person with disabilities, the most difficult to overcome are: when going up - the last top step of the flight of stairs, when going down - the last bottom step. This is due to the fact that before starting to climb the next step, the hand is always placed in front of the human body (Fig. 7.1). And after climbing the step, the hand should be at the level of the body. When descending the stairs, the actions of a person are similar. If there are no horizontal sections of 300 mm beyond the length of the flight of stairs, then after a person rises to the top step or descends from the first step, the hand resting on the railing will be behind him. In this situation, some disabled people will need outside help.
In the same way, a disabled person in a wheelchair moves up and down the ramp. When climbing up, he grabs the handrails on both sides of the ramp just ahead of the stroller with his hands and pushes the stroller up with a sharp movement. When descending from the ramp, the disabled person slows down the stroller, holding on to the railing slightly in front of him.
The surface of the handrails of the ramps must be strictly parallel to the surface of the ramp itself, taking into account the horizontal sections adjacent to it.
On fig. 7.3. 300 mm protruding ends of handrails are not horizontal. On fig. 7.2 handrails are made correctly.

Similarly, the protruding sections of the handrails of stairs of 300 mm, extending beyond the length of the flight of stairs, must be made horizontal.
The handrails must be of round section with a diameter of at least 30 mm (handrails for children) and no more than 50 mm (handrails for adults) or a rectangular section with a thickness of 25 to 30 mm (VSN 62-91*: no more than 40 mm).
The shape and dimensions of the handrails should provide maximum comfort for their grip with the hand. Both the very large size of the handrails and the very small ones are inconvenient. It is better and safer to grip the hand with a rounded handrail. In my opinion, a handrail with a diameter of 50 mm is somewhat too big, since the hand cannot wrap around it completely. Such handrails can be installed in a situation where a large texture is required by design. In other cases, a handrail diameter of 40 mm is preferable (besides, such a pipe will cost less, and it is easier to bend it).
The recommended handrail diameter for adults is 40mm.
I would like to draw your attention to the fact that we are talking not about the inner, but about the outer diameter of the handrails. Sometimes builders purchase a water and gas pipe to make cheap handrails. In this situation, you can unknowingly make a mistake. The size of water and gas pipes is determined by the inner diameter (the nominal diameter used in calculating the movement of water or gas through the pipes). Therefore, the outer diameter of a 50 mm water and gas pipe will be larger by the thickness of the pipe walls.
On fig. 7.4 shows uncomfortable handrails. Not so long ago they were very common.
In fact, these are not handrails, but fences.
On fig. 7.5 - a possible solution for these handrails in accordance with regulatory requirements.
The clear distance between the handrail and the wall must be at least 40–45 mm (Fig. 7.5).
Handrails must be securely and firmly fixed. They must not rotate or move relative to the mounting hardware. The design of the handrails must exclude the possibility of injury to people. It is necessary to ensure that there are no protruding elements that can injure or catch when touched. The ends of the handrails must be either rounded or firmly attached to the floor, wall or posts, and if they are paired, they must be interconnected.

On fig. 7.6 the end of the handrail is fixed in the ground. It is safe for visitors, but in practice, landscaping workers do not really like this fastening. Rack on the pavement retains dirt and snow. It also complicates the cleaning of the territory adjacent to the stairs. Mechanical cleaning of the area is impossible, and it is more difficult to clean it with a broom and a shovel compared to an open area.
To avoid these complications, you can fix the end of the handrail at the bottom of the first leg of the stairs (in the form of an arc) or closer to the top of the post (in the form of a horizontal loop).
A simple rounding of the end of the handrail (Fig. 7.7) is undesirable in this situation, since a bag, a pocket of clothes, etc. can catch on the end of the handrail.
On fig. 7.8 shows a common error in projects.
This rounding of the ends is used only for single handrails (usually mounted on a wall). The ends of the paired handrails must be interconnected (Fig. 7.1 and 7.2).
The height of the covered surface of the handrail should be:
- for the upper handrail - 900 mm (handrail for adults);
- for the lower handrail - 700–750 mm (handrail for teenagers and children).
For preschool children, the handrail is set at a height of 500 mm.
The surface of the railing handrail on the inside of stairs accessible to the disabled and the surface of the handrails of ramps must be continuous along the entire length. The gripping surface of the handrail must not be blocked by posts, other structural elements or obstacles. A stable fixation of the hand for each specific situation in the process of use must be ensured.

On fig. 7.9 we see a staircase equipped with a railing. In fact, it's just a fence. There are no handrails here. Even the top of the railing cannot be considered a handrail, since it is not continuous along the entire length of the flight of stairs, taking into account the adjoining horizontal sections (as it should be shown by the dotted line).
On the handrails of stairs and ramps, various architectural decorations (“balls”, “knobs”, etc.) cannot be installed, as they interfere with the continuous sliding of the hand along the handrail. Their installation is not only inconvenient for users, but even dangerous in the event of a descent or ascent of a disabled person in a wheelchair. The hands of a wheelchair user inextricably “slide” along the handrails. It is difficult for him to intercept them, as the stroller immediately begins to slide down. When descending a ramp or stairs, the sliding speed of the hands is sufficiently high, and the slightest roughness of the handrails can lead to damage to the hands.
It should be noted that in Russia it is common for people with disabilities to go up and down stairs in a wheelchair. They are forced to do this, since ramps are still rare. Most wheelchair users rely on outside help to get up and down stairs. A few have learned to climb and descend on their own, but this is already the level of circus art. Handrails on stairs not only help the wheelchair user, but also insure him from serious consequences if the assistant slips or accidentally falls.
Handrails at the break of a staircase or ramp at the places of turning and transition from one march to another should not be interrupted. The handrails of two adjacent flights of stairs or flights of ramps must be continuously connected to each other (Fig. 7.10).
Consider the safety and stability of fixing the hand using the example of different ways of attaching handrails.
On fig. Figure 7.11 shows a cross-section of the most typical method of attaching paired handrails to posts.
Please note that the surface of the upper handrail is free to grip the entire length of the hand. This handrail is basic and intended for adults. Top rail attachment is compliant.
The surface of the lower handrail is not comfortable for the user, as it overlaps with posts and does not provide a stable fixation of the hand along the entire handrail during use. It will be necessary to intercept the hand all the time, sliding along the handrail. The handrail at this height is intended for teenagers and children.
On fig. 7.12 both handrails are welded to the inside of the uprights on the side. This option for attaching handrails to racks is not acceptable. During the movement of the hand on both the upper and lower handrails, the continuity of “sliding” is not ensured. In addition, at the junction of the handrail with the uprights, there is a high risk of injury to the fingers.

On fig. 7.13 handrails are attached to the wall with direct connections. On fig. 7.14 shows the same way of attaching the handrails, only not to the wall, but to vertical posts. In this situation, the surface of the railing handrails is covered with direct joints. Therefore, when sliding the hand along the railing, the fingers of the hands will hit the mounts. On ramps with a large slope, the use of this method of attaching handrails is not safe for the hands of a wheelchair user. May be left without little fingers.

Recommended way to attach handrails
On fig. In Figures 7.15 and 7.16 you see an ideal way to attach handrails that satisfies all regulatory requirements and can be used on both stair railings and ramps. I remind you that these handrails must have protruding horizontal sections (300 mm on each side), the ends of single handrails must be rounded, and the ends of paired handrails must be interconnected. The recommended handrail diameter is 40 mm.
On fig. 7.17 shows a combined method of equipping ramps with handrails: on the one hand, they are mounted on the wall, on the other, on racks.
When designing handrails on ramps, I advise you to focus on fig. 7.17 or in fig. 7.11.
There is another very convenient way to attach handrails to the wall (Fig. 7.18). It is usually used in cases where a short handrail length is required (on stairs with three steps, in bathrooms, etc.).
An interesting solution for a similar fastening of handrails to racks is shown in fig. 7.19. With this solution, it is convenient to use both the upper and lower handrails.
It is important to remember one thing: with this method, only two places for fastening the handrail are allowed - at the beginning and at the end. The appearance of an intermediate attachment point between them breaks all harmony, and a variant arises, as in Fig. 7.14, with all its shortcomings.

Paired handrails installed at different heights should be located in the same plane parallel to each other.
On fig. 7.20 and 7.21 we see just examples of the illiterate installation of paired handrails. In the first case (Fig. 7.20), the lower protruding handrail prevents adult visitors from using the upper handrail and does not allow them to come close to the railing for convenience. In the second case (Fig. 7.21), the upper protruding handrail will prevent anyone from using the lower handrail, which has actually turned from a handrail for teenagers into a regular railing guard.
✔ How to combine the flight of an architect's imagination and strictly regulated requirements for handrails?
As it is done in Fig. 7.22.
An architect can make railings on stairs or ramps in any style, without limiting his imagination, using any large texture, unusual ornaments, gratings, retaining walls, etc. It is important that at the same time, normative handrails (I call them “doublers”) must be provided on the inside of the railing. Then the city will be beautiful, and people will be comfortable.
The height of the railings may be higher than 900 mm. But the "understudies" must be installed at the required height - 900 and 700 mm.

In cases where the staircase is fenced on one side by the wall of the building, it is on the wall that you can install standard railings, and fantasy fences can be made on the open side of the stairs.
The same approach can be used when renovating existing stairs so as not to break the old railing. Although this should not be abused, since, according to BCH 62-91 *, "stair flights are equipped with handrails on both sides."
On fig. Figure 7.23 shows how an existing large diameter handrail can be "fixed" without dismantling it, although this is not ideal.

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Height of railings and railings

When planning railings, strict standards must always be observed. After all, the primary purpose of stair railings is to ensure the comfort of people moving up the steps and their protection from unforeseen injuries.

The height of fences and railings in accordance with the requirements of SNiP and GOST

Regardless of the design idea, when designing any staircase, you should remember the requirements that are specified in GOSTs and SNiP. They stipulate that structures with more than three steps must have a railing. From the data specified in the GOST, you can find out how high the railing should be, depending on the purpose of the structure, the frequency of its use and the type of building in which it will be located. The height of the railing on the stairs according to GOST must be at least 900 mm. It is possible to have handrails only on one side, when the width of the march is not more than 1.25 m and there is a wall on the second side of the structure. And in cases where the width of the march is more than 2.5 meters, it is mandatory to install additional enclosing elements in the center. The height of the stair railing in these cases should also not be less than 900 mm. The requirements of SNiP regulate not only the dimensions of the stairs, it is also indicated that the elements of the handrails must be without any sharp protrusions and edges. The load that the structure must carry is at least 30 kg / cm3.

Fences in residential buildings

A certain height of the railing on the stairs in a private or apartment building should ensure the most convenient operation of the structure and comply with fire safety standards. When arranging ramps for moving people in wheelchairs or with other additional means of transportation, the height of the railing of the fence should be at the level of 700-900 mm.

Height of fences in public buildings

The standard height of railings when installing ladder structures in public buildings and educational institutions is above 900 mm, since in such buildings the stairs are designed for maximum traffic and constant intensive use. For the safety of children in preschool, school and other educational institutions, the height of the protective fence is from 1.2 m to 1.8 m (a distance of no more than 10 cm should be observed between the balusters to eliminate the risk of injury to children).

Height of other fences

Various fences are installed on the platforms on the roof of buildings, as well as on balconies.

The height of the railing on the stairs according to GOST

The minimum allowed height of the roof and platform fencing is 0.6 m (if the building is higher than 30 meters, then the minimum height of the platform fencing is 1 m). When designing non-standard curved stair structures, designers must not only select corrosion-resistant high-strength materials as for standard stairs, but also calculate the parameters for installing railings on both sides (this is a mandatory requirement, since curved structures are more dangerous than traditional ones).

Such architectural parts of the building as podiums and elevations must be equipped with handrails and fences. What height of the fence is necessary in each specific case should be specified in the GOST and SNiP standards.

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Memo to the railing designer: dimensions, rules, GOST requirements

design railing it is quite realistic for your home, it is enough to take into account the basic requirements for size, design features and values \u200b\u200bin accordance with GOSTs.

1. We design racks on the first and last step of the march. Only this way and nothing else. We place all the other racks between the extreme ones, trying to find an equal distance.

2. Norms of height stair railing according to GOSTs - at least 900 mm for internal stairs and at least 1200 mm for outdoor stairs and children's institutions. Please note that the overall height fences calculated by the formula - the height of the rack (900 mm) + the height of the pin (100 mm) + the height of the handrail itself (50.8).

3. Turn handrail is designed on two posts at a distance of 300 mm from a right angle. In no case can the rack stand in the very corner, since in this case the stiffening arm of the structure will be lost!

4. To calculate the bending radius handrail it is necessary, first of all, to find the two extreme points of the fence. In the middle of the segment, find the point of maximum bending of the plane handrail. These three guides are enough for AutoCAD to automatically calculate the radius of the arc.

5. Handrails for the disabled must have an offset of at least 300 mm parallel to the floor plane.

7. When designing wall handrail holders are spaced 300 mm from the edges of the straight section and then evenly along the entire length handrail. The optimal pitch is 900-950 mm.

9. The most difficult moment of design stair railing– calculation of the glass filling angle between the uprights. To determine the dimensions, it is necessary to calculate the internal angle of the future filling with an accuracy of 1 degree. Keep in mind that theoretical design in this case will not be able to help you. The actual irregularities of the flight of stairs can give an error of more than 1 degree, which at a length of 4600 mm will give a curvature that is very noticeable to the eye. An easy way to achieve a great result is to make mock-ups of a glass sheet from cardboard. You will be able to align the angle on the spot, achieving the ideal flatness of the stair railing. Do not forget to mark each layout so that the panes made on it take exactly their places.

The height of the stair railing according to GOST: standards, requirements and recommendations

For rigidity handrail at least three attachment points are required. You can not put the structure on two racks - under the influence of vibrating loads, it will not withstand. finish handrail you need either to the floor, possibly with a turn to give rigidity to the shoulder, or to the wall. Remember, the more turns on stair railing, the stronger the structure, it is enough to make handrail continuous.

You can always order railings, handrails, stair railings and accessories for them atRailing Factory.Measurement and design for free! Call now 8-495-210-98-68!

Climbing or descending the stairs, few people think about its design features. Even less often, the population is worried about the height of the railings and their structure. And in vain, because this is quite an interesting question. The fact is that in construction nothing is done just like that, “by eye”. All dimensions are justified and clearly regulated by law. Even if it concerns, it would seem, such an insignificant thing as a railing.

The height of the railing for stairs is clearly regulated by law

The main functions and structure of the railing

Although many people do not attach much importance to the railing, this element of the stairs performs several important functions. These include:

Help to the population. Young and strong people rarely lean on the railing while going up or down the stairs. What can not be said about pensioners. They, just like people with poor health, cannot easily get to their apartments. The railing makes life a little easier for them, performing a supporting function.
Security. A person may trip while climbing stairs. And only the presence of handrails will save him from the inevitable fall. Since a person automatically grabs the railing, these elements of the stairs have a standard size, regulated by GOST.
Creating a harmonious environment. Often the railings are made in such a way that they resemble works of art. With their appearance, they can compete even with the architecture of the Renaissance.

In this video you will learn the GOST requirements for stair railings:

Given these functions, all stair railings have the same structure. They consist of the following elements:

Balusters. These are vertical posts on which handrails are installed.
Handrails. These are the bars on which a person leans during movement. They should be smooth, even and narrow, that is, comfortable.
Main supports. These are pillars, between which balusters are located.
Mounts. They fix the railing strictly vertically.

If you pay attention to the structure of the fences, then, instead of balusters, you can see bowstrings (crossbars). They perform the function of vertical pillars, but are located horizontally between the main supports.

Material for the manufacture of fences

Although the height of the stair railings is controlled by inspection organizations, the choice of material for the construction of fences remains with the owner of the premises. So, for the construction of stairs and their protective elements use:

Tree. This material is most often used for the manufacture of stair railings. Several factors speak in its favor: relatively low cost, beauty, environmental friendliness. However, the tree is short-lived, in addition, this material is highly flammable. But all these shortcomings can be easily eliminated by treating the wood with special compounds.
Metal. It is also quite often used at work. Preference is given to steel, cast iron, iron, brass, aluminum. Metal constructions are strong and durable. And forged products - weightlessness and unique beauty. But aluminum structures are not very durable. They don't corrode though. Products from them are most often installed indoors. But steel handrails are more durable and less capricious, so they are used both inside and outside buildings.
Metal stair railings have high strength, but are difficult to mold and difficult to install.
Plastic. Used to make handrails. Quite often, plastic imitates wood. The fact is that this material is much lighter than wooden structures, and it is easier to care for it.
Glass. Hardened, reinforced, multi-layered. It is highly durable and is used to create very unusual railings.
Concrete. It is used less often and mostly in conjunction with other materials.
Combination of several materials. This method is used quite often. Stair railings look good, for example, consisting of wooden handrails and steel supports or metal handrails and glass infill.

All of these materials are approved for use in construction. And if the height of the railing is observed according to GOST, then the owner usually does not have any problems when checking the handrails by third-party organizations.

Legal height of handrails

According to sanitary standards, handrails are installed when the height of the stairs is more than three steps. That is why not a single porch of an apartment building is equipped with a parapet. In addition, the “railing height” indicator is established, documented and must be strictly observed during construction. Its meaning is spelled out in documents such as SNiP and GOST.

The vast majority of stairs for any purpose, as well as platforms located at any significant distance above ground level, are equipped with handrails. What should be the height of the railing in this or that case, determine the state norms from the relevant documents (GOST and SNiP). They also regulate the parameters of the terrace fencing or on the balcony of any floor. It is important to know and observe these requirements for specialists involved in the design and installation of such structures.

The device and purpose of railings

The installation of handrails on various flights of stairs and platforms is carried out in order to:

Ensure the safety of ascending and descending people.
Create additional support for the hands.
Give the interior or exterior of buildings a remarkable appearance.

In order for the listed points to be fulfilled, the height of the railing of the stairs or platform must comply with the established standards. This is achieved by selecting the dimensions of all structural details and observing the installation technology. Fences of any shape and configuration consist of 3 main elements:

support posts located at the beginning and at the end of the flight of stairs;
intermediate racks - balusters;
handrails.

In a wooden staircase, the railing will be complemented by an installation bar, on which the handrail is attached. It performs the function of a support and perceives vertical loads, while balusters must be designed for lateral impact. The design of stairs may include the installation of racks at some distance from each other. The gaps between them are filled with sheet or lattice elements made of various materials, which must also withstand lateral loads.

It is unnecessary to talk about the need for fencing on a balcony or loggia, this is understandable by default. The only question is what should be the height of these railings. No less interesting is the question of the height of the handrails installed along the edges of the open terrace area.

General requirements for fencing

The first thing that the norms require in relation to flights of stairs is that fencing must be done on any marches that have 3 steps or more. The remaining requirements relate to the number of railings and their parameters:

The minimum width of the stairs, determined by the distance between the railings, is 900 mm.
The height of the railing on a public staircase located in a residential or public building must also be at least 900 mm. This requirement applies to indoor flights of stairs.
The minimum height of the handrails of street stairs is 120 cm.
If the span reaches 1.25 m or more, then according to the standards, a fence should be installed on both sides. With a width of more than 2.5 m, additional handrails are required in the middle of the stairs in order to separate the flow of people and ensure a safer climb.
A wide flight of stairs (from 1.25 m), running along the wall in the house, must be equipped on one side with a special wall handrail.
Curvilinear stairs and those that do not adjoin closely to the wall are always fenced on both sides, regardless of the width of the span.
The railing protecting the ascent to the attic or attic and the descent to the basement must also have a height of 90 cm.

Practice shows that the height of the railing on flights of stairs that is most convenient for people is 110 cm. At the same time, their surface should be smooth, without any drops and protruding parts that can injure the hand.

There are also requirements for the load: a handrail resting on balusters must withstand at least 30 kg per 1 m of its length. This means that structures with large openings between balusters and infills will have to be reinforced so that the railing can withstand the load. For the same purpose, the brackets for attaching wall handrails are located no further than 50 cm from each other. For special fire escapes, the standard load value is even higher - 54 kg per meter of length.

Fences for various purposes

These include the following types of railings:

providing convenience of movement and safety in preschool institutions;
blind railings on the balcony or loggia;
railing separating the area of the open terrace;
support structures installed on ramps for the disabled.

For buildings of ordinary children's institutions, the standard height of handrails of 90 cm around flights of stairs and platforms is not allowed. In accordance with regulatory documents, the fence must be raised to a level of at least 1200 mm. In addition, for children and adolescents, it is necessary to arrange a second row of railings - at a level of 500 mm from the floor.

Balconies and loggias of high-rise apartment buildings are dangerous for both adult residents and small children. Therefore, they are tightly fenced to a height of at least 120 cm. There is another option: panoramic continuous glazing is arranged on the balcony, which simultaneously plays the role of a fence. An important condition: the lower part of the translucent structure must withstand a significant lateral load in order to prevent a person from accidentally falling out.

If the floors on the open veranda are raised above ground level by 0.3-0.5 m, then it is customary to enclose such a structure with a wooden fence. It serves as insurance against accidental falling out of the terrace and related injuries. There are no strict regulatory requirements for these structures, which means that their height is selected based on ease of use. It is not advisable to put a fence that is too high, and it is useless and inconvenient to put a low fence. In order for the homeowner resting on the terrace to comfortably lean on the fence, it is necessary to maintain a height of 110 to 120 cm from the floor.

Railings for ramps

This type of fence is installed with the expectation of an increased load of 50 kg applied at any point. When designing and building such structures, the following rules must be observed:

handrails of ramps at the entrance to public and residential buildings are carried out at one or two levels parallel to the slope of the rise;
the upper handrail should be made at a level of 90 cm from the ramp, the lower one - 70-75 cm;
the supporting part is carried out with a projection of 300 mm beyond the last rack;
the ends of two-level fences are securely connected to each other;
single-level railings are additionally attached to walls or other building structures.

When it comes to fencing ramps at the entrance to preschool institutions or schools, then for disabled children, an additional handrail should be installed at a height of 500 mm from the lifting surface.

A railing is an element of a ladder that will ensure safe ascent and descent. When designing, special attention must be paid to its calculation. There are many requirements for fences to ensure their safety. We will tell you what the correct height of the handrails on the stairs should be.

What are fences made of?

Fences consist of the following elements:

support posts;
balusters;
railing.

Railing height according to GOST

The support posts are functional, other parts of the fence are attached to them. They can be decorated with decorative elements, such as balls.

They act as a barrier. They can be interestingly decorated.

They are handholds.

What are the railings

By design, these types of railings are distinguished:

classic - on support racks;
solid - in the form of solid panels;
artistic - the space between the racks is filled with decorative elements.

metal railing

Railings are made from:

tree;
metal;
stone;
glass.

Forged railing for stairs

The most common options are wood or metal.

Handrails made of wood are pleasant to the touch. This is an environmentally friendly material. It is used for railings in private houses and apartments, as wood is sensitive to changes in temperature and humidity.

Metal railings are strong and durable, they last up to 30 years. Most often, fences are made of stainless steel. This material is not subject to corrosion, it does not need to be additionally painted. Such railings are resistant to shock, explosion or fire.

Metal railing

Often in stair railings you can find a combination of two materials. The support posts and balusters are made of metal, and the railings are made of wood.

The design of the railing depends on the design of the stairs.

In traditional mid-flight stairs, the railings consist of straight structures.

At spiral staircases, the prila have a curved shape.

General requirements for the size of the railing for stairs

Handrails as part of the railing must be on all stairs that have more than three steps. They should also be on open staircases. If the ladder is installed close to the wall, railings are optional, but it is desirable to make wall railings.

The round handrail must be at least 5 centimeters thick in cross section. Railings of rectangular section will be from 2.5 to 3 centimeters thick.
At the bottom and top of the stairs, the railing should protrude 30 centimeters. The protruding sections must be horizontal.
The distance from the wall to the railing is 5-7 centimeters.
Handrails for ramps must be strictly parallel to the ramp.
The ends of the railings are recommended to be rounded.
The surface should be smooth, with no parts to catch on.

Wooden railings according to GOST

The height of the railing on the stairs according to GOST and SNiP

The standard height of the stair railing is regulated by the standards. It is different for different types of premises.

The standard height of the stair railing in a private house

The height of the handrails on the stairs in a private house is determined based on the average height of a person. The height of the railing on the stairs in a private house should be such that a person does not fall, leaning over the fence. At the same time, it should be comfortable - neither too high nor too low.

Railings in a private house

The height of the handrail surface should be:

upper handrail for adults - 90 centimeters;
lower handrail for school-age children - 70–75 centimeters;
for preschoolers - 50 centimeters.

The size of the railing for stairs in children's institutions

Railings in institutions for children (kindergartens, clinics) are installed at a height of 50 centimeters. You can make an additional handrail for adults at a height of 90 centimeters.

An additional requirement is that the distance between the balusters should not exceed 15 cm.