Connecting a thermostat to a warm floor. Connecting a warm floor to a thermostat How to connect a heating cable to a thermostat

The heat output in the apartment is determined by the difference in the temperature of the floor covering and air masses. For the convenience of exercising control over the heating of the premises, during the installation work, the underfloor heating is connected to the thermostat.

Thermoregulation in the heating system "warm floor" plays a major role. With the help of a thermostat, a stable temperature regime in the system is maintained, the heating elements are turned on and off. The device recognizes the readings of the temperature sensor and automatically de-energizes the system when it warms up to the desired limit. At the same time, the device continues to maintain the operating mode, controlling the situation.

As soon as a signal is received from the sensor to lower the temperature, the thermostat again activates the system by supplying electricity. The floor covering will start to warm up again. The most popular are reliable mechanical and simple electronic devices. Electronic programmable thermostats are considered more complex. But differences in design features do not have a particular effect on the scheme for connecting a warm floor to a thermostat and an electrical network.

Varieties of thermostats for underfloor heating

So, in order for the floor heating system to function efficiently and with good economic performance, it must be properly managed. To this end, experts advise without fail to connect the underfloor heating not only to the mains, but also to the thermostat, using any type of device.

Electromechanical

They are considered the simplest, in terms of their functionality they resemble the regulator of a simple iron, they help to ensure the required temperature in the room.

Electronic

Their second name is digital. This type of device provides the ability to monitor the temperature of the floor covering on the existing display.

Programmable

With their help, you can lay different heating modes at a certain time. Every day in the morning the floor will be heated, during the working day the system will automatically turn off, but by the time you return home it will be activated again.

General connection principles

When installing a floor heating system of any electrical variety, you must first decide where to install the thermostat. It will control the entire system, maintain the desired temperature and connect the heating devices to the mains. Devices with built-in sensors that record the temperature in the room are mounted on the wall at a height of at least one and a half meters from the floor. The place for the device must be removed or protected from heat sources.

Before connecting the thermostat and the subsequent installation of an electric underfloor heating, it is necessary to decide how this will be done. There is the possibility of a stationary connection from the electrical panel, or a regular socket is used to turn on.

Many models of thermostatic devices on their cases have circuits that connect the underfloor heating to the thermostat. With their presence, the installation process is simplified, all work can be done on your own, without involving electricians for this.

After installing the thermostat, phase, zero and ground are output to the junction box. A groove is cut in the wall into which plastic tubes are placed. One contains the power wire of the heating cable, the other contains the wiring of the sensor located under the floor covering. As soon as all work is completed, it is allowed to proceed to the installation of heating, acting in accordance with the scheme for connecting a warm floor to a thermostat.

By the way, a video with a thermostat connection sequence can be easily found on the Internet today.

Wiring diagram

Consider the most common options for connecting an electric underfloor heating to a thermostat.

To begin with, the surface is leveled, after which a damper tape is strengthened along the walls, a heat-insulating layer is laid. The cable can also be installed on the subfloor, but only if the room located one floor below is heated. Before laying the cable, power wiring is pulled to the thermostat box. As a result, the coupling should be inside the concrete screed.

A thermal floor is mounted, which is connected according to a certain scheme: a mounting tape is located along the subfloor or the heat-insulating layer. It is necessary to fix the cable. The most convenient way to device - "snake". Here one important condition should be observed - the line is laid in such a way as to exclude the intersection of cables.

Fasteners of the mounting tape will allow you to place the conductor evenly. As soon as the cable laying is completed, the sensor is mounted, placed in a tube of plastic material. The final stage of all works is the quality control of their execution. Using a tester, you need to make sure that the cable resistance indicator fully corresponds to the values ​​stated in the passport. Everything is ready, you can proceed to the screed device.

Before you connect the underfloor heating system to electricity, make sure that the screed has completely hardened. As soon as the floor covering has gained sufficient hardness, the wires of the heating elements and the sensor are connected to the electrical wiring that powers the entire system, everything is output to the thermostat and fixed with screw clamps. This stage is considered the most difficult, and it is recommended to entrust it to professional craftsmen. Otherwise, it would be better if, before performing this working step, you find a video on the Internet with a story about connecting a warm floor to a thermostat.

Thermal mats

The scheme for connecting such an electric floor heating system to a thermostat is nothing complicated. The principle of installation is similar to laying cable heating. So let's just talk about the differences that will arise at the time of the work.

As you know, thermal mats are represented by thin heating cables fixed on a heat-resistant film. Since the laying step has already been determined, it remains to clarify the area over which the system should be placed, having previously calculated its specific power indicator.

Until the film floor heating is connected, the film with the cable fixed on it is laid out on a concrete surface, a thin screed is poured or a layer of tile adhesive is applied, covered with a material selected for finishing the surface. The heat-insulating layer is not used in this case, because it can cause overheating of the entire system.

The thickness of the entire structure will not exceed one and a half centimeters, so a recess in the floor will have to be provided for the placement of the sensor.

If in the process of connecting the film underfloor heating to the thermostat, the cold ends are not enough, it is allowed to cut out part of the cable from the mat. The coupling is placed in the screed.

Since the thermal mat is a type of heating cable, the installation of these two systems is almost the same. The difference is that the mats are mounted easily and quickly. The absence of the need to install a heat-insulating layer and a thin screed create a certain benefit. The cost of such a floor will be lower by reducing the need for materials and working volumes. Another plus is that the system is better suited for rooms that have restrictions on increasing the thickness of the floor.

Film floors

This is a relatively new type of underfloor heating, for the manufacture of which a heating film is used. Before connecting such a system, it is recommended to study its device. The composition includes heating elements sealed in a thin heat-resistant material. A copper conductor runs along the edge of the film material, which must be connected to the mains.

The film floor is connected according to the typical scheme for connecting warm mats. The difference is that a special substrate is used, spread over the entire surface. Its role is played by a material that has a foil surface, capable of reflecting infrared radiation, directing it into a heated room.

The sensor is placed in a plastic tube in a specially prepared recess. There is an option to mount this device on the surface of the film itself.

When connecting the infrared floor heating to the thermostat, the film can be cut into pieces. Cuts are made along special lines marked by the manufacturer. They are applied in increments of 20 - 30 cm. The strips that conduct current are insulated only at one end, the second remains open, because in this place the floor IR system is connected to the power wiring.

Film sheets are laid out, connected to each other in a parallel way. Finally, one wire from the pair is connected to the adjacent sheet, and with the help of the second, the infrared thermal floor is connected to the thermostat.

The peculiarity of such a warm floor is that it is suitable for almost all types of coatings, among which laminate is popular. It is not recommended to lay carpet on top, as the likelihood of damage to the film material from the pressure created on the floor increases.

Common Connection Mistakes

Typical schemes may differ slightly, depending on the model and type of thermostat. In order to avoid mistakes during the installation process, each contact is registered on the body of the device.

Slight differences in connection may be dictated by the characteristics of the cables of the heating system. According to the structure and number of cores, they are single-core and two-core, which creates nuances when connected.

A two-core cable under its sheath has a pair of current-carrying conductors. This type is considered more convenient than with one core, because it is connected to the thermostat from one end.

The connection diagram looks like this: there are three wires in a two-core cable. Current flows through the brown and blue wires, the yellow-green wire acts as a ground. Brown and blue wires are brought to the contact, green is allowed to the "ground".

Let's see how the single-core cable of the underfloor heating system is connected to the thermostat. In this case, the white wire is considered the current conductor. The second (green) is used for the grounding device.

The scheme for connecting a single-core cable of a warm floor to a thermostat is as follows: white wires are connected to two adjacent contacts of the thermostat - two ends of a single-core cable. A green ground wire is output to the third.

You made sure that connecting the thermostat is easy. The schemes are simple, no special skills are required. It is necessary to strictly follow the manufacturer's recommendations and observe the requirements of safety rules for working with electrical equipment during operation. The main condition that must be strictly observed is disconnection before connecting the circuit breaker.

Warm floors are increasingly used in private houses and apartments. They help to get the temperature that is optimal and comfortable for a person. The stores sell both separate components for underfloor heating, and ready-made kits. Mounting a warm floor is not so difficult. This task can be handled by a home master. One of the most important stage of installation is connecting the floor to the control system - the thermostat. We will tell you how to connect a warm floor to a thermostat correctly.

Underfloor heating can be water or electric. In water heated floors, the heating element is pipes with hot water supplied from the heating system. The power source of electric floors is one, however, they are distinguished by the heating elements used: cable or film.

The heating element can be:

• one- or two-core heating resistive cable;
• thermal mats;
• self-regulating cable;
• heating film (bimetallic or carbon);
• carbon rods.

Temperature controller: purpose, types and methods of connection

The underfloor heating system is controlled by a thermostat. Manufacturers offer two types of thermostats:

1. Mechanical. The temperature that they want to maintain in the house is set using a mechanical rheostat.
2. Electronic. They work on the basis of a programming device. There are touch and push buttons. The operation of the system through such a thermostat is initiated at a specified time and according to specified temperature indicators.

Thermostats are installed at a height of about 1.5 meters from the floor surface. The place where the thermostat is to be installed must be protected from direct sunlight and any additional heat sources. The thermostat is connected permanently, powered from the electrical panel or through sockets already in the room.

Usually, the manufacturer draws a connection diagram on the thermostat housing. This allows the home master to connect this device himself.

Regardless of the type, thermostats are designed to control the following types of electric heating elements:

• heating cable. This is a high resistance conductor. It is placed in reliable isolation. When current is passed through, the cable heats up.
• Thermal mat. This device uses the same high impedance cable, but it is attached to a matte film with a pre-set pitch.
• Special film that emits infrared rays. The thickness of such a film is not more than 5 mm. A semiconductor flat heating strip is installed in its layer.

If underfloor heating is installed in several rooms, then it is more advisable to put thermostats on each heating circuit. This will protect the electrical network from overloads, allow you to use different operating modes for different rooms and turn on the systems independently of each other.

After installing the thermostat, a phase is connected to the junction box, and zero and ground are also connected. A groove must be made in the wall into which plastic tubes are placed. The power wires of the heating cable are laid in one of them, and the wire from the sensor is placed in the other. The sensor is placed under the floor finish. After that, you can proceed to the installation and connection of the electric floor.

The difference between the connection scheme for a single-core underfloor heating and the two-core scheme

Scheme of connecting a warm floor to a thermostat

The scheme for connecting a warm floor is selected depending on the type of floor.

Cable floor connection

Before installing the cable, the floor is leveled by one of the methods, depending on its type. Before laying the cable, it is necessary to stretch the power wires to the thermostat. The diagram below shows that the coupling will be in the floor screed after installation is completed. A mounting tape is laid out on the surface of the subfloor, which will help fix the cable. Most often, the cable is laid with a snake or snail.

Should be taken into account! When laying a warm floor, the intersection of cable sections should not be allowed.

After laying the cable, the sensor placed in a plastic tube is installed. Using a special tester, the quality of the installation and the compliance of the cable resistance with the passport data are checked. Underfloor heating ready for screed.

Floor temperature sensor

Depending on the type of screed used, the floor is kept until completely hardened. Only after that it is possible to attach all the wires to the thermostat. Screw terminals are used for connection.

Connection of thermal mats

The principle of connecting thermal mats differs little from a similar process for a cable floor. Let's just focus on the differences.

A thermal mat is the same cable, but fixed with a certain pitch on a heat-resistant film. This makes installation easier. The film with the cable is laid out on the prepared floor base and poured with mortar or tile adhesive. After that, the finish coating is mounted. Thermal insulation for this type of floor is not used to avoid overheating of the system.

In finished form, this design has a thickness of no more than one and a half centimeters. In order to place the sensor in such a floor, it is necessary to make a recess on the surface.

Sometimes there are not enough so-called cold ends to connect the mats to the thermostat. In this case, a piece of cable is cut out of the mat. The coupling is filled with a coupler.

Installation of this type of floor provides significant savings in materials: thermal insulation, screed, fasteners. In addition, the amount of work is also significantly reduced. Such a system has practically no restrictions in use, since it slightly raises the floor surface and can be used in rooms with low ceilings.

Film floor connection

The basis of the film floor is carbon or bimetallic heating elements sealed into a heat-resistant film. Along the edge of the heating film are copper conductors, through which the system is connected to the mains.

A foil-coated substrate must be laid under the heating film, which will reflect infrared rays towards the room. In this case, a plastic tube with a sensor is placed in a recess made or attached to the surface of the film.

Infrared floor heating connection diagram - standard installation

If necessary, the film can be cut along special lines. On the one hand, the conductive strips are insulated, and on the other, they are left open for the possibility of connecting to wires. The film strips are laid out and connected to one another in parallel.

Such a warm floor is the most versatile, as it can be mounted under any floor covering.

Connecting a water heated floor

The scheme of a water heated floor is slightly different from an electric floor. First of all, you need to determine the connection method.

• Connection to main heating. This method is used in apartment buildings. However, with such a connection, excessive heat consumption is possible, and you will leave the neighbors' apartments cold. You can avoid such problems in apartments where the heating is on the return line. In this case, you will get a comfortable, not too hot temperature in the floor heating pipes. The main disadvantage of this connection method is the inability to smoothly regulate the temperature in the coolant.
• Connection to an individual heating system. This connection method can only be used in private housing construction. The wiring diagram is shown below.

Wiring diagram for a warm water floor

It shows the following circuit elements:

1. control valve. This part receives a signal from a sensor installed on the floor surface. As soon as the system reaches the desired temperature, the valve closes.
2. Valve balancing device. This device does not allow idle passage of the coolant. If the coolant supply is turned off, the valve allows it to run in an economical circle, without a boiler.
3. Circulation pump. This device maintains a certain coolant pressure in the heating circuits.
4. Safety thermostat. Designed to control the temperature in the system. It is installed on the inlet pipe of the coolant.
5. The drive is electric. Controls the valves of all heating circuits.
6. The collector distributes the coolant along the circuits.
7. Bypass (manifold gate valve) is responsible for the circulation of water in a small circle of the system.
8. Temperature controller. If necessary, there can be several of them, which allows you to set a certain temperature in each room.

Connection via low loss header. The hydraulic separator is a container filled with coolant.

Underfloor heating with hydraulic separator

An important stage in the installation of a warm water floor is the installation of a water collector. All circuits of the system are connected to this device. The manifold arrangement allows for individual regulation of pressure and temperature in each circuit.

Scheme of connecting a collector of a warm floor in a private house

A warm water floor can be an additional source of heating or used as an independent option. In the first option, radiators are installed on the forward stroke, and a warm floor is connected on the reverse.

The diagram below shows:

1. Circulation pump.
2. Heating radiators.
3. Boiler.
4. Storage tank.
5. control device.
6. Stopcocks.

Connecting a heated floor according to a combined scheme

Underfloor heating is increasingly being used in the residential sector. This pleasure is not cheap, but by doing the installation yourself, you can save a lot. The advice of our site will help you to perform a competent installation.

Video: connecting a warm floor to a thermostat

Connecting a thermostat to a warm floor

In underfloor heating control systems, the role of the control unit is played by a thermostat - a device that processes information received from a temperature sensor and, in accordance with a given mode, turns on or off the floor heating.

With an electric floor heating system, thermostats are installed without fail. Installation of a thermostat in a water-heated floor system is not required. But, if the floor is an additional measure of heating, and at the same time the temperature of the coolant at the entrance to the circuit is above 50 degrees, installing a thermostat will solve the problem of overheating the room.

Types of thermostats

Thermostats for any underfloor heating system can be:

• programmable, working according to a pre-installed, including a complex program;
• without software control.

Changing modes on non-programmable thermostats is done manually, using a rotary knob (mechanical adjustment) or buttons (electronic digital).

Programmable thermostats are more expensive and more difficult to manage, but at the same time they can significantly save energy by turning off floor heating or lowering its temperature at night or during the day when floor heating is not needed.

Mechanical non-programmable thermostats are controlled by simply turning the knob to the indicated mark. Electronic-digital - using buttons, touch panel or remote control. The price of non-programmable thermostats is lower due to the extremely simple logical part.

According to the installation method, thermostats are:

• built-in - they are installed in a special recess in the wall;
• overhead - they are mounted on the wall with screws or self-tapping screws.

The choice of installation type is a matter of taste, but it does not affect functionality.

Temperature sensors

The sensors are a two-wire thermocouple that changes the resistance of the circuit when heated. The wires are connected to the corresponding terminals of the thermostat. Sensors are:

Remote are subdivided into floor or air temperature sensors. The first ones are mounted simultaneously with the laying of the heating elements directly under the finish coating, the second ones - in a place convenient for measuring the air temperature. Built-in sensors are located right inside the thermostat. Some models of thermostats have both types of sensors.

In the bathroom and in the kitchen, it is better to install thermostats with a floor temperature sensor - the air in these rooms can be heated by a stove or hot water, while the floor will remain cold.

Connecting the thermostat to electric underfloor heating

Electric underfloor heating is performed using a high-resistance heating cable or infrared film. They are laid on a specially prepared base, after which they make a floor screed and lay the finish coat.

Thermostat connection technology:

1. Before installing the floor, it is necessary to determine the place where the thermostat will be located and plan its connection to the electrical network. To connect the thermostat, you need 220 V AC, that is, you can connect it to a regular outlet or to a separate cable through a circuit breaker.
2. When laying the floor, choose a place for the temperature sensor. It should be located near the thermostat, on a floor area free from furniture.

1. For infrared floors, the sensor is placed on the wrong side of the film and connected to the wires going to the thermostat.
2. For cable underfloor heating, poured with a concrete screed, the sensor must be laid in a metal corrugated pipe, insulating it from concrete. This measure is necessary for easy removal and replacement of the sensor in case of failure. A sensor immured in concrete cannot simply be removed. The pipe is led to the wall on which the thermostat is installed.
3. After laying the floor, proceed to install the regulator. In the selected place, a recess is prepared in the wall according to the dimensions of the body of the built-in thermostat or markings are made for attaching the invoice. Remove the front panel and secure the regulator in place.
4. Compare the permissible switching power of the thermostat contacts with the power of the heating cable or infrared floor. If it is less - additionally install a magnetic starter with a coil rating

220V. In this case, the heating cable circuit is connected to the 220 V power supply through the contacts of the magnetic starter, and the starter coil circuit is connected to the thermostat output.

If the switching power of the thermostat contacts is sufficient, then the heating cable is connected directly to the outlet from the thermostat.

Connect the sensor circuit to the terminals specified in the passport or instructions.

Connect 220 V power to the appropriate terminals: they are usually marked as L or F - phase and N - zero. Phasing must be observed. You can determine it by the color of the wire: if the cable is new and laid according to the rules, then the phase wire has black, brown or white insulation, and the zero wire is blue. If you connect the thermostat to a common outlet, the phase is found using a voltage indicator or an indicator screwdriver.

• Check the operation of the thermostat:
• They supply 220 V power;
• Set the minimum temperature value on the thermostat;
• Turn on the floor heating with a toggle switch;
• They change the temperature regime to the maximum by turning the knob or using the buttons - at the same time, a click should be heard, indicating that the heating circuit is closed.

Connecting the thermostat to water heated floors

Thermostats for floor water heating systems are a device for controlling a servo drive that regulates the supply of coolant to the heating circuit. They can be both electronically and manually controlled, while in such control systems sensors are usually used to measure the air temperature, and not the floor, due to the large inertia of heating.

1. The sensor is installed at a height of about 100-120 cm above the floor on the wall, next to the thermostat. The wall must not be subjected to additional heating from heating radiators.
2. Mount the power supply circuits of the temperature controller and the sensor circuits.
3. If a thermostat with electrical connection with a servo drive is used, a cable is laid to its control circuits.
4. When using a radio controlled controller, adjust it.
5. The operation of the control system is checked using an external thermometer: the desired mode is set on the regulator and the temperature is measured at the sensor installation site for several hours. The temperature should not fluctuate significantly.

All work on connecting electrical circuits must be carried out with the circuit breaker turned off - this is a guarantee of your safety!

Connecting an electric single-core cable underfloor heating to a thermostat

The temperature regulator is an important element of any electric underfloor heating. It improves the efficiency of the entire system and significantly reduces energy consumption. The installation scheme of this device is quite simple. Even a non-specialist who has basic skills in working with electrical appliances will be able to install it.

Single core heating cable for underfloor heating

How does a thermostat work?

The main purpose of the thermostat is to maintain stable operation of the electric underfloor heating. Depending on the set parameters, it turns on and off the heating elements at a certain time. This action allows you to reduce energy consumption without compromising the quality of heating. The temperature controller receives information about the system using a special sensor. It is installed inside the structure, where it captures changes in the specified temperature regime.

Connecting a warm floor to a thermostat

There are the following types of devices for regulating the operation of an underfloor heating system:

mechanical. It works due to the presence of a special mechanical type rheostat that controls the temperature of the heating system;

Mechanical thermostat IMIT-TA3n

Color schemes of thermostat for underfloor heating Thermoreg TI 970

Programmable thermostat Menred E51

Preparatory work

Scheme of cable underfloor heating with a thermostat

Before installing the thermostat, sensor and other elements of the system, it is necessary to calculate the number of devices of this type that will ensure the efficient operation of the underfloor heating. If the floor type of heating is provided for the whole house, then for each room it is recommended to carry out an independent connection to the mains.

Also, for different circuits, it is necessary to install a separate thermostat. This approach will allow you to get a more efficient system, where you can set certain operating parameters in each room.

Before installing the temperature controller, it is necessary to carefully inspect its body and read the passport. Usually the manufacturer describes the installation scheme in detail. It must be understood that the power cable can be connected to the device either directly through the wiring or through a socket. Also, manufacturers recommend additionally using a separate circuit breaker when installing the thermostat. This will allow more efficient operation of underfloor heating.

Installation of temperature sensor for cable mat

The thermostat is installed on the wall near the electrical wiring. It is best to choose a place near the outlet, but where there is no exposure to direct sunlight. The installation height of the thermostat is about 1.5 m. A small recess is made in the selected area, which will allow you to install the device box. You also need to make a groove in the wall where two plastic tubes will be placed.

They are designed for the power wires of the heating cable and the temperature sensor, which will be installed inside the underfloor heating structure. It is imperative to bring the phase, ground and zero to the thermostat box. After all the preparatory work, they begin to install a single-core cable.

How to connect a cable underfloor heating to a thermostat

Installation of a single-core cable

The installation diagram of the main elements of an electric underfloor heating is as follows:

• If necessary, the surface of the base is leveled.
• With the help of an adhesive tape, a heat-insulating substrate with a foil coating is installed.

Laying a single-core heating cable, connection diagram

Connecting system elements to the network

After installing the temperature sensor, the underfloor heating is connected to the thermostat. The scheme for connecting all elements of the system is as follows:

The design of the thermostat for underfloor heating

• The mains wires with a voltage of 220 V are connected to the first and second sockets of the device. The connection diagram must be strictly observed. The wire L (phase) is connected to the first socket. It is most often dyed white, black or brown. The wire N (zero) is connected to the second socket. It is marked in blue.
• To the third and fourth sockets, a cable-type warm floor is connected. The connection diagram is as follows: the third contact is N (zero), the fourth is L (phase).
• The fifth slot is for grounding. This cable is dyed green.
• The temperature sensor is connected to the sixth and seventh sockets. The principle of polarity in this case does not need to be observed. The sensor is connected in any order.

Scheme of connecting a single-core cable for underfloor heating Teplolux

Advantages of Urie thermostats

After these manipulations, it is necessary to set the maximum heating temperature, which the cable-type warm floor should reach. The correctness of the action should be confirmed by a characteristic click. It indicates the short circuit of the heating circuit.

Features of connecting different types of underfloor heating

Depending on the type of underfloor heating, the connection of its elements to the thermostat, including the sensor, is carried out in the following way:

• when connecting a heating system, which is formed using a single-core cable, it is necessary to install the main white current-carrying wire to contacts numbered three and four. Both ends of the heating element are connected to the sockets. A green wire is connected to pin number five - grounding;
• the connection of a two-core cable is carried out to the same contacts, but according to a different scheme. Three wires come out of its end, where brown is phase, blue is zero, green is ground. They are connected in sequential order to each socket.

Scheme of connecting a thermostat sensor to a warm floor

The principle of connecting all elements of the system to the thermostat and the mains is the same. Depending on the instrument model used, some features may appear during installation. In order not to make a mistake and do everything right, you should carefully study the instructions, where each step is indicated. Also, a schematic plan for connecting all elements is drawn on the device itself.

Video: Installation of single-core and twin-core heating cables

Connecting a warm floor to a thermostat and power supply

Laying and connecting a warm floor is not a difficult process if we are dealing with its electrical varieties.
Unlike a water floor that is rather cumbersome to install, electric models are suitable for any room. There are practically no restrictions on their use. The arrangement of the system consists in the correct arrangement of the heating elements. Then follows the connection of the warm floor to the thermostat and to the source of electricity. Features of the installation scheme depend on the type of heating element and the configuration of the room.

Varieties of electric floors

Electric floors have a common power source, but differ in the arrangement of heating elements. To figure out how to properly connect a warm floor, you need to clarify what kind of it you plan to install.

As a heating base can be:

• resistive heating cable (one- or two-core);
• self-regulating cable;
• thermal mats (thin conductor laid on a grid);
• heating film (carbon or bimetallic);
• carbon rods.

There is a scheme for connecting an electric underfloor heating for each of the above options.

When installing the cable floor, it is necessary to correctly calculate the laying spacing in order to avoid excessive heat generation or uneven heating of the surface.

Heating mats and film are purchased according to the manufacturer's recommendations, which are usually indicated on the packaging.

Connecting a thermostat

Before connecting a warm floor (any of its electrical varieties), you need to determine the installation location of the thermostat.
This device is designed to control the system and maintain the required temperature in the room. In addition, heating elements are connected to the network by means of a thermostat. The range of temperature controllers is quite wide - from simple mechanical devices to smart devices.

Types of thermostats

Thermostats with a built-in sensor that registers the air temperature in the room are installed at a height of at least one and a half meters from the floor surface and in places where they will be protected from heat sources (for example, direct sunlight).

Before connecting a floor heating thermostat, you should decide which of the two existing methods you will perform this operation. You can make a fixed connection from the electrical panel or use the existing outlet.

Most models of thermostats are equipped with a diagram, which is usually depicted on the case. This greatly facilitates the procedure and allows you to carry it out yourself, without the help of a professional electrician.

After the thermostat is installed, we bring the phase to the junction box, as well as grounding and zero. We cut a groove in the wall to accommodate two plastic tubes. One of them is designed to accommodate the power wires of the heating cable, the other is for wiring the internal sensor, which will be located under the floor covering. When all these activities are completed, you can begin the installation and connection of the electric floor heating.

Installing a thermostat

We connect the cable floor

First, we level the surface, then we attach a damper line along the wall and lay the thermal insulation. The cable can also be mounted on the subfloor, provided that there is a heated room below. Before laying the cable, we stretch the power wires to the thermostat box (the connector will eventually have to be in the body of the concrete screed).

An example of installing a heating cable for underfloor heating

Further, the installation and connection of a warm floor is done according to the following scheme: we place a mounting tape on the surface of the subfloor or thermal insulation. It is needed in order to fix the cable. The most convenient way of laying is the so-called. snake.

Important: when laying the cable lines must not cross!

Fasteners on the mounting tape will help to position the conductor evenly. After the cable is laid out, we install the sensor by placing it in a plastic tube, which was described above. The final stage of installation is to check the quality of its implementation: using a tester, we make sure that the cable resistance corresponds to the passport value. Now everything is ready for pouring the screed.

Temperature sensor installation

Before connecting an electric underfloor heating, you must make sure that the screed has hardened. When the cement-sand mortar becomes solid enough, we connect the power wires from the heating sections and the sensor, as well as the electrical wiring that feeds the entire system to the thermostat using screw clamps.
This stage is the most difficult, so it will be best if a professional takes care of it.

Connection of thermal mats

It is not difficult to understand how a warm floor made of heating mats is connected. The principle of operation in this case is the same as when installing a cable system. Therefore, it makes sense to talk only about the existing differences.

A thermal mat is a thin heating cable fixed on a heat-resistant film. Since the laying step is predetermined, it remains only to determine the area on which the system will be located and its specific power.

Applying screed to thermal mats

Before connecting a warm floor, the film with the cable is placed directly on the rough concrete surface, poured with a thin layer of screed or tile adhesive and covered with the material chosen for finishing. The use of thermal insulation in this case is unacceptable, as it leads to overheating of the system.

The thickness of the finished structure is only one and a half centimeters, so to place the sensor, you have to make a recess in the floor surface.

If the so-called. is not enough to connect the warm floor to the thermostat. cold ends, then a part of the cable is cut out of the mat. The coupling is placed inside the screed.

Since the thermal mat is a type of heating cable, the installation of both systems is very similar. The difference is that in the case of heating mats, this work is done easier and faster. The lack of thermal insulation and a thin layer of screed makes it profitable to connect a warm floor, the price for it will be lower due to savings on materials and the amount of work. Also a plus is the ability to install the system in rooms that have restrictions on raising the floor height.

Film floor connection

One of the relatively new varieties of underfloor heating are models made from heating film. To understand how to connect a warm film floor, you need to understand the features of its device. The system consists of heating elements (carbon or bimetallic) sealed in a thin layer of heat-resistant material. Along the edges of the heating film are copper conductors that are connected to the network.

A film underfloor heating is connected in the same way as the installation of thermal mats. The difference lies in the use of a special substrate, which is laid out over the entire insulated surface. For the substrate, a material covered with a foil film is used. It has the ability to reflect infrared radiation and direct it to a heated room.

For laying the sensors, a plastic tube is used, which is placed in a recess made in the floor. It is also possible to fix the device on the surface of the film.

The film, unlike mats, can be cut entirely. This is done along the lines specified by the manufacturer. They pass over the surface with an interval of 20 - 30 centimeters. The conductive strips are insulated from only one end, and the other remains open, since the connection to the power wires will be made here.

Film floor heating

Sheets of film are laid out and connected to each other in a parallel way. At the end, one wire from the pair is connected to the adjacent sheet, and through the other, the infrared floor heating is connected to the thermostat.

The versatility of the film underfloor heating is that it is compatible with almost any coating. A particularly good choice is laminate. Worst of all is carpet because of the high probability of damage to the film when pressure is applied to the floor surface.

Scheme for connecting a warm floor to a thermostat: recommendations from experts

Recently, during the construction of private houses, heating systems began to include the so-called warm floor.

Underfloor heating usually complements conventional heating systems with hot water. boiler and batteries.

However, some owners of country houses completely switch to heating from below. This is explained by the fact that heating the dwelling from below creates more comfortable accommodations.

When heating a home traditional batteries the warmest air accumulates under the ceiling of the room and slowly mixes with the cold air near the floor.

When heating from below the floor is always warm, and the heated air is formed in the lower part of the room, where people are constantly located. Such a heating system not only creates comfortable conditions, but also saves on heating.

Installation of a warm floor does not differ in complexity. Heating elements are laid on the floor before pouring the screed. After the cement-sand mixture has hardened, the screed is laid with a floor covering.

It remains to connect correctly heating elements to the energy source through the thermostat - and the heating system is ready for operation. Connection is the most crucial moment of installation, so you should pay due attention to it.

Types of warm floors

You can heat your home from below in a variety of ways. Currently using two types of underfloor heating:

In the first case, pipes are laid in the screed through which hot water circulates. In the second - electric heating elements that are connected to the household power supply. Electric heating elements vary in design and materials:

• heating cable from one or two strands of wire with high electrical resistance;
• thermal mat (cable pre-fixed on a grid that serves as a frame when pouring the screed);
• heating heat-resistant film, between the layers of which there are tapes of heat-releasing semiconductor materials.

For each type of heating elements there is own installation and connection system.

Types of thermostats

In the underfloor heating system it determines the temperature from the signals of the sensor located in the screed between the heating elements. The instrument then compares the sensor reading with the temperature set by the user.

If the temperature exceeds the set temperature, the thermostat turns off heating. When the temperature drops below the set limit, the device reconnects the current. The household thermostat maintains the temperature with an accuracy of ±1°C.

Distinguish two types of thermostats:

Mechanical equipped rotary knob to set the desired temperature. Switching the current on and off in it is carried out by an electromechanical relay, which emits a characteristic click during operation.

In electronic thermostats no mechanical moving parts. Turning the current on and off in them produces an electronic relay that does not make sounds. Some of these devices have push-button control and a liquid-crystal display, which indicates the set temperature, the current temperature and the operating mode (heating or cooling).

State of the art thermostats are equipped with a touch-sensitive display and do not have buttons. Mechanical thermostats are not programmable. They maintain the temperature set by turning the knob constantly.

Electronic appliances are divided into two groups:

• without program control (maintain a certain temperature);
• programmable (automatically change the heating mode during the day according to a given program).

Programmable thermostats reduce heating costs regardless of user forgetfulness.

Connection diagram for a thermostat for a water heated floor

In urban apartment buildings connecting a warm floor to central heating is quite difficult. This is only possible on the return pipe, as the pipe coming from the boiler contains too hot water. In this case, it is almost impossible to regulate the temperature in the rooms, since the heating of the coolant depends on the operation of the boiler house.

In a private house with an individual heating system, water from the boiler is distributed according to a collector scheme: from a common pipe, water flows through separate pipes to each room, and then on the way back to the boiler it is also collected in a return collector.

Water supply to each pipe is adjustable separate valve, which opens or closes depending on the readings of a temperature sensor mounted on the wall in each room.

Thermostat installed in the boiler room. The control commands coming from it actuate the servomotors of the coolant distribution valves. The water heated floor system is quite complicated, so only a specialist can independently mount and adjust it. Much easier installation and connection of electric heating.

Scheme of connecting an electric underfloor heating to a thermostat

To get started, choose how the system in each room will be connected to the intra-apartment network. It can be connected to a common shield or in each room to the nearest outlet. More often they choose a connection with an outlet, since in this case additional communications are not needed.

Thermostat mounted on the wall on which sunlight does not fall so that the device does not overheat. The distance to the outlet should be as short as possible.

Draft floor before laying the cable need to isolate from heat. For this, polypropylene sheets laminated with lavsan are laid on it. If a heated room is located below, thermal insulation is not needed. A single-core heating cable is placed on the mounting tape with a snake, a two-core heating cable is placed with a snake or a spiral.

When laying the cable is fixed on the mounting tape. After that, the tester checks the resistance of the conductor. It must correspond to the value indicated in the data sheet.

Between turns of the power cable, lay and fix the cable with the temperature sensor in a corrugated plastic tube with a plug. It also should not intersect with power. The conductors lead to the thermostat through a strobe in the wall.

Power cable and sensor cable connect to the thermostat according to the instructions described below, and then connect the thermostat to the network. This is necessary to test the performance of the system.

After turning on the thermostat you need to set the desired temperature and check if the cable heats up. If the preliminary tests were successful, the thermostat is disconnected from the mains, and the cables are poured into the screed. When the screed is completely hardened (for M400 cement after 28 days), you can connect the thermostat to the mains and heat the room.

On the back of the thermostat there is a panel with 6 or 7 contacts. Contacts have symbols and are numbered. Connect cables like this:

1. A screwdriver with an indicator determines the contacts in the socket, to which phase and zero are output. After that, the outlet is turned off.
2. To contact 1 on the thermostat panel with the designation L, connect the wire from the contact of the socket with the phase, to contact 2 with the designation N - the neutral wire. Polarity must be observed. If grounding is connected to the euro socket, then its contact is connected to the grounding contact in the thermostat.
3. A single-core heating cable (white conductors) is connected to pins 3 and 4. Polarity is not important in this case. The green wire is connected to the zero terminal of the network or to the ground terminal, if any.
4. Thermoregulators are produced with built-in and remote temperature sensors. Built-in is built into the body of the device. A remote temperature sensor is sold complete with it. It is poured into the screed and connected to contacts 5 and 6 of the thermostat. Polarity is not important. For some thermostats, the numbering of the contacts is reversed, but the designations for the devices are also indicated.

Slightly different from single core connecting two-wire cable. It has conductor leads on one side only.

two-core cable it is convenient to lay both a snake and a spiral.

Inside it are three conductors with different colors. Brown and blue are current-carrying. They are connected inside the cable. Green is ground.

Attach them Thus:

1. Brown the wire is connected to pin 3 (phase with the designation L).
2. Blue the conductor is connected to terminal 4 (zero with the designation N).
3. Green connected to the zero contact of the network (in our example 2) or to the ground contact, if any.

After connection and installation thermostat in the wall turn on the current, set the operating mode and monitor the operation of the system. Relay clicks signal the operation of a mechanical device. The electronic thermostat shows the set and actual temperature on the display, as well as the heating mode.

Infrared warm floor differs in some installation features. It is placed on foiled polypropylene, which is placed with the foil up. The foil layer reflects infrared rays into the room.

Strips of infrared film are laid end-to-end on a layer of thermal insulation and their contacts are connected in parallel. infrared film do not pour into the screed and covered with laminate. The connection to the thermostat is the same as for other types of underfloor heating.

The water heated floor is distinguished by a complex adjustment system and is mounted simultaneously with the installation of an individual heating system. Install it yourself without special knowledge and skills.

Electric underfloor heating is sold as a self-installation kit. His easy to install and connect by following the instructions.

How to lay and connect an electric underfloor heating to a thermostat, look at the video:

A thermostat for underfloor heating is a special-purpose device that allows you to control and regulate the degree of heating of the floor and air in the room. Basically, every room where underfloor heating is installed is equipped with a thermostat.

The thermostat serves as a guarantor of maintaining the desired temperature in the room. However, manufacturers successfully produce multi-channel type devices, in which each of the channels is responsible for maintaining the heating of its own zone.

The main purpose of the device is to maintain a given temperature regime, which is expressed in the process of fulfilling its functional duties, namely:

1. Switching the heating on and off as the temperature of the floor covering changes (possibly taking into account the air temperature in the apartment).
2. Switching on the economical heating mode at night or during periods when the owners of the property are absent.
3. Connecting or disconnecting the system within a given period of time.

Connecting thermostats to electric underfloor heating

connection diagram

This type of floor implies the presence of heating elements in the form of infrared films or a cable that has high resistance and gradually heats up.

Step by step connection guide:

1. First thing the location where the thermostat will be located is determined.
2. We draw up a connection diagram.
3. We consider the layout of all elements. It is recommended to carry out installation in places with access to wires, since the working process of the system requires the presence of a voltage of 220 V.
4. Laying warm material, you should first consider where the temperature sensor will be placed, since its installation is impossible under furniture or in the minimum proximity to the regulator. The use of infrared film involves mounting the sensor from the wrong side.
5. After the flooring process is completed you can start with the installation of the thermostat. In a pre-selected location, make a recess in the wall for built-in appliances or make markings on the wall surface when installing an outdoor unit.
6. We compare the switched type of power regulator with the power level of the heating elements. With a much lower indicator, it is necessary to install a specialized magnetic starter, which is designed to carry out the work process in a 220 V network.
7. Let's start connecting the wires in a single chain. The connection diagram must be located on the instrument case. Observing all the rules and advice, anyone can collect wires into a single circuit.
8. At the end you should connect to the mains and check the operability of the entire system. It is recommended to carry out a check before the flooring is fully laid, which will allow, if a problem is detected, to quickly fix it and easily get to the heating elements at the right time.

Connecting a thermostat to a water heated floor

connection diagram

Although installing a water floor thermostat is not a requirement, many homeowners still install one. This allows you to control the level of warm water flow into the system.

The device can be selected as a mechanical type or electronic. Given the predominance of a high degree of inertness, it is recommended to purchase air temperature sensors.

Walkthrough:

1. First of all we install the temperature sensor. The surface of the wall on which the sensor is placed must never be heated. This can disrupt the overall system workflow. The best option would be to place the sensor as close as possible to the thermostat.
2. Directly in the heating system a specialized servo drive is being installed. The technical device is responsible for the supply of warm water pressure, which passes into the circuits.
3. All wires available, should be connected in one chain.
4. Customize all items.
5. Upon completion of installation you should connect to the network and check the performance of the entire structure. To do this, it is necessary to take measurements (about 90-120 minutes) with an ordinary thermometer in the place where the sensor is installed. Correct operation should completely exclude fluctuations in indicators or their significant difference.
6. Work with electricity should be carried out only after the circuit has been de-energized, which will become a guarantee of safety.

Advantages and disadvantages

Like any other device, a floor heating thermostat has a number of advantages and disadvantages.

Among the main advantages of the device are:

1. Ease of management.
2. Affordable pricing policy.
3. Cost savings to pay for electricity.
4. Ergonomic qualities of the device.
5. Ease of carrying out installation.
6. Possibility automatically adjust the system for turning on and off the underfloor heating.
7. Possibility regulate the temperature.
8. High quality equipment.
9. Reliability regulator.
10. Installed functional memory, which ensures that the setting is retained in the event of a power outage.

There are practically no drawbacks to the device. The main disadvantage is the complexity of the functional programming of the settings system. However, having understood it once during installation, there will be no further difficulties.

Each type of floor has its own type of thermostat.

Types of thermostats

Thermostats are divided into the following types:

Mechanical

A rather simple, uncomplicated type of device, which is produced in a built-in type case with a rotary switch located on the front side.

To control, you need to turn the switch in a circle. Some manufacturers equip the device with several "stages" of regulation. They are indicated by marker or numerical lists. The functional process is designed exclusively for the manual type of switching on and off. Savings on energy costs are practically non-existent or kept at a minimal level.

Digital

Quite a popular modern type of thermostat. Allows you to control at the most precise level. It is produced in the form of an overhead design (or built-in) with push-button or touch system input.

The digital display provides for setting the desired temperature with a minimum degree of error. As an addition, it is possible to have an automatic shutdown and set the power supply a few degrees lower, which will significantly save energy costs.

Programmable

Expensive, but significantly effective device, which is available both in the form of a built-in type in a small size, and in the form of a large panel with a sensitive touch screen.

Gives the chance to installation of the most exact adjustment of working process of heat-insulated floors. To do this, enter the desired work schedule for the time period. The workflow of the device allows you to save a significant level of energy costs.

Combined

It resembles a simple regulator unit with an external control system (external remote control). The mechanical device provides for manual switching on and off of the power supply.

The setting, which implies the presence of an external control panel, makes it possible to bypass the rough installation of the structure on the wall surface. This is an additional advantage in the unique design of the room.

Temperature change sensor

The ordinary type of thermostat is equipped with a single sensor that is used to measure the temperature regime of the floors. However, as practice shows, this is far from the most effective option.

Considering the various conditions for using the underfloor heating system, it is better to use a much more complex temperature control scheme.

In the case when the heating of the room is carried out exclusively from the warm floor, it is recommended to control the temperature regime by means of air heating sensors.

If the room uses flooring in the form of parquet, linoleum or, then the possibility of overheating should be excluded in advance, namely, to avoid a temperature increase above 25 degrees. In this case, it is more expedient to purchase and install a sensor designed to measure the floor temperature difference.

Regulators are divided into the following types (according to sensors):

1. With built-in sensor which measures temperature.
2. With the possibility of connecting an outdoor type sensor which will control the temperature.

Devices that are designed to connect several sensors are used as the main type of space heating. By purchasing a digital type of device, you can easily control the temperature of floor coverings.

1. Be sure to have a normal section of the thermostat cable. If there is wiring from the old days, it is much safer to install a separate line that will go from a specially designated machine.
2. When using the thermostat to heat several rooms at the same time, it should be remembered that temperature control will be possible only in the room where the sensor is located. For this reason, problems with temperature changes are possible.
3. The use of a single regulator is strongly discouraged. in rooms with opposite operating conditions (or with a large temperature difference). It will become impossible to achieve the desired heating in all rooms.
4. The best option would be to use a separate thermostat for each room with underfloor heating.

To create comfort inside a dwelling, there are many devices, among which are various devices that take on the function of adjusting the temperature of water or ambient air. This type of device includes a thermostat, this product is designed, after setting, to independently maintain the temperature of a heater or other heating element by turning the power supply on and off. This article discusses the question of how to connect a thermostat, and also provides a diagram for connecting the controller to a floor heating system.

Types of thermostats

There are two main types of thermostats, which differ depending on the principle of operation:

1. Mechanical devices are thermostats that regulate the temperature of the actuator by opening a contact between two plates of different density. When the sensor is heated, the signal enters the contactor housing and transmits an impulse to open or close the plates;

1. Electronic thermostat. In this case, the information coming from the temperature sensor is analyzed in a digital processor, only after that a command is executed to supply power to the heating element.

In both cases, the control is carried out manually, by setting the required temperature on the controller case. You can also distinguish the classification of thermostats based on visualization and control keys. Thermostats are available with rotary dials with a scale, setting buttons or a touch screen. The principle of operation of all these products is not significantly different from each other.

There is also a classification of thermostats according to the type of placement: external or internal. Depending on the task to be solved, the device can be installed into the wall in a pre-made niche. The construction size of such a device coincides with an ordinary socket, so it is often mounted in a hole cut by a crown.

The outdoor thermostat has a thicker body, which is closed on all sides with plastic plates. The disadvantage of such a device is its size, due to the impossibility of placing the device inside the wall, it will protrude on a plane, moreover, when connecting a cable to it, it will be necessary to arrange an additional channel from a corrugated pipe or canister.

Areas of application of temperature controllers

Thermostats are widely used in various fields, both in industry and in everyday life. Most often, these devices can be found in underfloor heating systems with a heating element in the form of a heating bundle, which is located in the screed. When power is applied to the electrodes, the wires heat up and give off heat to all surrounding layers; for proper operation, the system is equipped with a temperature sensor built into the screed. The controller can be used for electric or water underfloor heating, the principle of its operation does not change from this.

The thermostat is also used in heating or heating boilers to automatically adjust the level of heating of the internal environment. Many manufacturers equip heating devices with these devices already at the manufacturing stage, but even if this is not provided for by the boiler design, the controller can be installed on the line yourself.

Connecting a thermostat

Since thermostats can be used both to control heating elements and to control a cooler, there are two types of contacts and terminals in the design of the device. During the independent connection of the device to the system, it is necessary to strictly observe the polarity of the contacts and avoid contradictions in the circuit.

No electrical connection is required to connect a mechanical thermostat, since all control and opening of the switch is done by physically changing the characteristics of the heating plate. To connect this device, you need to follow the algorithm below:

1. In the documentation for the devices, there is a designation of the terminals by numbers; in accordance with these indicators, it is necessary to assemble the system. First of all, you need to connect the zero cable to the box electrodes and lead it immediately to the consumed heating elements, for example, a warm floor;
2. The phase is brought into the controller directly, without connection to household appliances. The box itself will distribute electricity at the moment the contacts are turned on. In some devices, it is necessary to lay a jumper inside the thermostat from the positive wire to the operation indicator, which shows a signal at the moment the heater is turned on and throughout the entire period of operation;
3. The control unit contains terminals for connecting a cooling heating element, as well as for an external temperature sensor. All devices must be connected in series, the current must be completely disconnected. This is a typical thermostat connection scheme, which is most common in underfloor heating or infrared space heating systems;
4. The temperature sensor is connected last, after which a test run of the system and a voltage check on all elements are performed.

There is also a thermostat connection scheme using a magnetic circuit breaker, most often this scheme is used in the presence of several controlled devices that require high voltage current for operation. In this case, the machine is connected to an open network of a positive cable in parallel with a thermostat, in addition there is a connecting cable with a control device. Current is supplied to consumer devices through a circuit breaker, but it is controlled by a thermostat. The heating elements are connected to the controller only on a parallel line and through the machine, this allows the system to be operated with high voltage without interruption and in a safe mode. In the event of an emergency, the switch will trip and completely de-energize all devices.

Thus, it can be seen from the diagram that the thermostat is connected to heating or cooling devices immediately before applying voltage to them, that is, the controller will be the first element in the system. Many thermostats are equipped with an electronic microcircuit and a processor that, in addition to temperature readings, provide additional data on various indicators, such as the state of humidity in the room, pressure and the time required to reach the set parameters. Such devices have a cost much higher than mechanical household thermostats.

Connecting the thermostat to the underfloor heating system

Depending on the type of heating cable in the underfloor heating system, the connection scheme will be different. There are two types of floor: with a single-core and two-core bundle, the principle of operation between them is similar, but a multi-core cable has a much higher service life, as well as technical indicators for heating speed and height.

Connecting a thermostat to a single-core system is easier - just connect two neutral cables to one terminal, and a phase to the appropriate socket. In this case, the current will pass through the entire length in series along the ring of the bundle.

In a two-core cable, all wires exit from one side, so the connection is made in series - one wire to one terminal. The current in this circuit passes along the entire length of the heating element and returns along the same path in one direction.

Thus, subject to all the rules and the algorithm for connecting a thermostat to any circuit, all that remains is to set the device to the desired parameters by rotating the wheel on the temperature scale.

Video

How to connect a warm floor to a thermostat? This question often arises among those who like to do everything around the house with their own hands. In general, these works are not difficult when it comes to the electric version.

At the same time, there are several nuances for each of the varieties on the market, without knowing which it is impossible to do everything right.

In general, the principle of operation for all modifications is the same. The connection of the heating element, laid in the screed, is made to the AC mains using a switch - this is the simplest circuit.

To date, the leader of the Russian specialized market is Teplolux. This company produces everything necessary for the work in question and, moreover, of high quality.

The working contour of the floor is:

• film (carbon, bimetallic);
• cable resistive (both single-core and two-core);
• in the form of mats (mesh flexible base with a conductor already laid on it);
• carbon.

Each type has its own specific connection scheme.

Installation of cable underfloor heating requires correct calculations. If the master makes a mistake with the laying step, then the heating will be either insufficient or uneven. Too frequent placement of loops leads to an increased consumption of electricity, and a quick failure.

Film heaters, as well as mats, are purchased based on the size of the room and the standards developed by manufacturers. In particular, the former should cover at least 70 percent of the area of ​​the room, and only in this situation is it possible to provide comfortable conditions.

Before proceeding with the installation of a warm floor of any kind, it is necessary to decide where to install the thermostat. This device actually controls the operation of the circuit in automatic mode and turns it on or off, guided by the parameters set by the owner and the available objective temperature indicators. Through them, power is also supplied from the network.

Currently, there is a large selection of temperature controllers on sale - from the cheapest models (mechanical) to advanced electronic microcomputers.

If the regulator was purchased without a sensor in the kit, it means that it has a built-in one. Such a device must be installed at a height of at least 1.5 meters above the level of the finishing floor covering. Moreover, a place for him is chosen where the sun does not fall and where there are no drafts.

The thermostat is connected in two ways:

• through a nearby outlet (not very aesthetically pleasing);
• through a line separated from the electrical panel.

The last method is the most correct, as it allows you to provide the most reliable connection and avoid local overloads.

Almost all thermostat models have a diagram on the back of their case that allows you to accurately connect it to the network and underfloor heating. The control device is mounted in a standard socket box. It must be brought to it from the nearest distribution cell:

• phase;
• grounding;
• zero.

To the warm floor go:

• power wires;
• outputs from the remote sensor.

As a result, you should have 5 or 7 contacts in the box. The cables are hidden in a shtraba and sealed with plaster. The sensor must be additionally protected with a corrugated tube from the box to the very location hidden in the screed. This, by the way, will greatly facilitate its replacement in the event of a breakdown.

Work is performed in the following sequence:

The insulation is removed from the connected wires (about 6 millimeters from the tip), then they are fixed in the thermostat sockets with screws. The device itself is installed in a box.

Before checking the performance of the warm floor, you should wait until the screed is completely dry. Otherwise, it may simply crack. Do not immediately bring the temperature to the maximum. Set the thermostat to the lowest setting for the first time.

Thermal mats

In general, the installation process of this type of floor is similar to that described earlier. However, there are still a number of nuances that should be mentioned.

Thermal insulation is not laid under the mat - violation of this rule will lead to overheating and failure of the entire system. Glue is immediately applied on top and ceramic tiles are placed.

Since the thickness of the screed here usually does not exceed 15 millimeters, a groove is cut out under the sensor in the floor.

If the length of the wires is not enough to reach the thermostat, a part of the fixed cable is cut off from the mat. It is impossible to build up in any case - the joint under the screed can lock or disperse.

It is enough to simply roll this option over the screed and attach the panels through the copper contacts brought to the edge with a power cable.

Connecting the film floor to the thermostat is done in the same way as in the other previously described cases.

It is necessary to use a special substrate that reflects infrared light - the only difference in installation. Without it, work efficiency will drop dramatically.

Be sure to isolate the current-carrying outputs with
one end, otherwise the connected floor will simply close. On the other hand, the contacts are attached to the network cable using a soldering iron.

The advantage of this floor option is the ability to use almost any material as a finish coating - from tiles to laminate. It is only necessary to abandon the idea of ​​​​covering it with carpet or linoleum - they will weakly protect the film from mechanical stress. If this cannot be avoided, plywood no thinner than 12 millimeters is placed on top.

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