How to fix holes in a panel wall. How to patch holes in concrete or drywall walls

The most common problem inside and outside the premises is the appearance of holes and cracks, which can be conditionally divided into several types. It is about how to cover up a hole in the wall that we will talk about. Whatever the size of the hole, the preparatory process is always the same. If, they must be carefully cut near the damaged area. Clean all edges from plaster, whitewash or paint. In a word, get rid of everything that can fall off.

Small size hole

Small holes can result from a hammered nail, dowel, or other mechanical damage. It looks terrible and can harm the general, so it is necessary to close the gaps in a timely manner. To do this, you will need a metal spatula, a mixture, a screw, sandpaper and a vacuum cleaner. The sequence of work performed is as follows:

• Insert a suitable size screw into the hole and move it in all directions. You need to achieve expansion of the hole channels.
• Use a vacuum cleaner to remove the created dust.
• Apply the solution with a spatula, press it into the recess and level the surface.
• After complete drying, clean with sandpaper. Depending on what finishing material you have on the wall, seal the surface. If it can look rough, then apply an appliqué or something like that.

Alabaster or any kind of gypsum is used as a solution. You can also use cement with sand (in a ratio of 1: 3).

big hole

Such holes occur mainly after removing the socket box and other mechanical effects. They must be sealed immediately, since the structure of the overlap depends on the size of the gap. They are smeared with any gypsum mortar. you will need all of the above, plus a piece of stone. The recess is cleaned with a vacuum cleaner and moistened with water to soak.

If the hole reaches 5 cm, then just cover it with mortar, and after drying, coat it again, because the mixture cracks. Since it is more difficult to close a hole in a larger wall, you will first have to smear a thin layer of mortar, then put a piece of stone or brick on it inside and carefully cover it with plaster.

A finishing putty is applied over the sealed hole and. Next, it is skinned.

hole through

A through hole can appear from anywhere, for example, under the weight of household appliances or all kinds of lockers. Breaking off, they violate the integrity of the wall structure. Naturally, this needs to be sealed from both sides, but if you are not able to do this, then you can handle it one-sidedly.

The tools you need include a spatula, dowels with screws, an electric drill, bricks and, accordingly, the mortar itself.

Using an electric drill, you need to drill and install the four strongest dowels with screws into the hole. Thus, a support for the brick will appear so that it does not fall out to the other side. Stone or brick must be selected in the appropriate size so that it closes the hole tightly enough.

All this is strengthened only with cement mortar, made as we described above. Make sure that there are no gaps left, fill all the empty spaces with the mixture. Next, sand and cover with the necessary material.

Hole in drywall

To insulate the room, carry out soundproofing or simply align the walls. Unfortunately, this material does not withstand mechanical damage and most often cracks form on it. But, experts advise how to remove a hole in a drywall wall.

To begin with, draw a repair place with a pencil in the form of a regular rectangle. A ruler will help you with this. With a clerical knife or a hacksaw, cut all the damaged material clearly along these lines.

Then you need to cut a plank in the shape of a rectangle, but so that it is slightly narrower, but longer than the specified parameters. Mount a large screw as a handle, which must be removed at the end of the work. Insert the plank into the cut hole and press it against the back of the drywall, fix it with self-tapping screws.

A rectangle is cut out of a piece of drywall, strictly corresponding to the hole. We insert it into the hole and strengthen it with self-tapping screws, which must be screwed inward as deeply as possible. Then, we impose a reinforcing mesh and carefully rub it into the putty. After drying, we sand and apply another layer of putty, but already finishing.

Hole at the seams

As a rule, huge holes are found at the seams. They may appear at the time of removal of the plaster layer. By the way, remember the golden rule: everything that can be easily knocked down - remove it. Because sooner or later, but weak pieces of the wall will make themselves felt. These holes cannot be patched. Therefore, they close them in two ways:

1. The empty cavity is filled with fragments of brick and tightly cemented.
2. Mounting foam is poured into such a gap, which is able to adhere the cement floor very tightly.

cracks

Holes in the wall can occur if cracks are not covered for a long time, when they appear, the wall structure weakens. To prevent this, it is necessary to seal the cracks at their first appearance. To do this, the crack must be carefully cleared on all sides at an angle of forty-five degrees. Prime and coat generously.

Solutions for this are used different. Firstly, this is the same mixture that was kneaded for wall decoration, and secondly, these are various plasters and adhesive bases, which include cement.

But the most suitable material is sealant. It wins in that when it dries, it acquires a rubber consistency, therefore it has the ability to expand and contract, which is why new cracks do not appear on the wall.

Sealant is applied using a construction gun. Excess can be removed with a rubber or metal spatula. The only contraindication is silicone-based sealants, as they contain fatty substances that do not come into contact with paint and putty.

other methods

How to cover up a hole in the wall if the gap is narrow but deep? To do this, use mounting foam. The guide tube is inserted into the hole and the foam is launched. When it is completely dry, you need to apply a layer of putty.

A simpler, one might say, grandmother's method includes the use of an ordinary newspaper and adhesive tape. The newspaper is carefully rolled to the desired size and hammered into the slot, and the adhesive tape is glued on top. Then all this is leveled with finishing putty. For greater strength, you can glue another piece of adhesive plaster over the putty and putty again.

If the gap is very deep, fill it up to half with newspaper, and on top with any gypsum mortar. Now there are special repair compositions based on cement. They harden fairly quickly and are extremely durable.

The repair composition is used both for holes and for chips on the surface of the wall. The mixture is applied in several stages. This is an important condition, since the strength of the setting depends on this. Without fail, let's dry each new layer. At the end of the work, remove the excess and level the surface with a dampened spatula.

Concrete is a durable and reliable material, but even it is subject to deformation over time in the form of holes, crevices and other destruction. Holes can appear in concrete walls as a result of installing air conditioners, rearranging furniture, etc. To close a hole in a concrete wall, you should prepare the surface, for which they beat off the old mortar and plaster, grind and make a patch from the mortar. The procedure for sealing holes is not difficult, so you can easily do it yourself.

Causes of holes in concrete walls

Concrete walls, like other various surfaces, are subject to destruction. A hole can form as a result of uneven shrinkage of buildings and structures. Often, uneven shrinkage is the cause of improper loading on wall structures or as a result of mistakes made in the process of soil compaction. Restoration work with a hole, with a strongly beveled structure, begins only after solving the problems of shrinkage and strengthening the foundation. Strong displacements of buildings and structures lead to the collapse of walls and ceilings.

Cracks can form due to the influence of climatic conditions, namely: sudden changes in temperature, high wind speed or sunlight. Seams between exterior and interior walls on stairwells and high floors of a building are most at risk.

The walls are subject to the formation of defects as a result of the drying of the concrete solution over time. Reinforced concrete buildings have the risk of through holes. Deformations in the concrete surface can be the result of attaching cabinets, shelves, fixtures, or moving switches and electrical outlets.

Filling small holes

Cleaning the hole from debris with a vacuum cleaner.

A hole of small diameter often occurs as a result of dismantling or. To eliminate this defect, the following set of materials and tools should be prepared:

• a sharp object in the form of a screwdriver or screw;
• a vacuum cleaner;
• primer;
• brush;
• sandpaper;
• putty knife;
• gypsum, concrete mortar, putty.

Sealing small holes includes the following steps:

• with a sharp object, increase the diameter in the hole so that the solution can completely penetrate and fill the empty space;
• then you need to clean the hole from dust, debris and treat it with a primer, which will improve the adhesion of the putty to the concrete surface;
• after cleaning and priming the hole, it is filled with a repair solution, allowed to dry and cleaned with sandpaper.

How to patch up a large hole?

The wall may have holes of large diameter due to the dismantling of the outlet, the replacement of pipes and other construction work. To close large holes, you need to prepare a cement mortar, finishing plaster and a spatula. Restoration work consists of the following stages:

• The hole is cleaned of possible construction debris, dust and treated with a primer.
• Since the problem area is large, it should be filled with crushed stone or brick, while mixing pieces of material with a cement mixture. This approach will reduce the cost of purchasing a large amount of putty and, moreover, will strengthen the restoration site.
• To prepare the mortar, you should take one part of cement and three parts of sand. You can also use a concrete repair compound or building gypsum.
• After the filled mixture dries, they begin to putty it and, if necessary, fill and level the remaining empty spaces and possible cracks.
• After treating the problem area, it should be given time to dry completely, this can take twelve hours.
• When the patch is completely dry, start leveling the surface with sandpaper. Align the patch to the level of the wall.

through hole sealing

Working with a wall in which there is a through hole consists in covering the hole on both sides. Before you start patching the resulting through hole, you should first close it with pieces of brick or stone, and only after that you can start applying the cement-sand mixture.

If there is no way to access the reverse side of the hole, then the problem is solved as follows:

• It is necessary to make a support for brick or stone. To do this, four dowels are inserted into the hole in the concrete wall, using a drill designed for concrete work.
• After the dowels are installed, the voids should be filled with crushed stone or brick and filled with a cement-sand mortar prepared in advance. You can prepare a concrete solution with your own hands, taking for this one part of cement, and three parts of sand, pour water until a consistency resembling thick sour cream is formed. All components of the solution must be thoroughly mixed. Concrete mixture can be purchased at the store, but it should also be diluted with water. This option is more expensive than hand-made preparation, but it significantly speeds up the process of making the solution.
• Allow the applied mixture to dry. After that, the frozen area is leveled, plastered and rubbed with sandpaper. The patched damaged area should be flush with the entire wall.

Due to various kinds of damage, holes often form in concrete walls. Therefore, sooner or later everyone may face the question of how and how to close holes in a concrete wall. Even those who do not have experience in carrying out repair work can cope with such a task. Holes are easy to plug. To do this efficiently and beautifully, you must follow some rules.

The technology for carrying out restoration work depends on the size of the damage. Therefore, it will be further considered how to cover up small, large and through holes in concrete walls.

Filling small holes in concrete walls

A small hole in vertical surfaces can occur, for example, when removing an unnecessary dowel or screw. To eliminate this defect, you will need the following tools and materials:

• a vacuum cleaner;
• screwdriver, screw or other sharp object;
• brush;
• small spatula;
• sandpaper;
• deep penetration primer;
• putty, gypsum, alabaster or cement-sand mixture in a ratio of 1:3.

First of all, using a screwdriver or screw, you will need to slightly expand the hole in circular and translational movements so that the repair mixture penetrates better into it and fills the entire internal space. After that, the hole is thoroughly cleaned of dust, construction debris and treated with a primer mixture. The use of a primer will allow the putty mixture to better adhere to the concrete wall.

At the next stage, the prepared hole is sealed with a repair mixture. In this case, the movements with a spatula should be simultaneously leveling and pressing. After the putty dries, the defective area is cleaned with sandpaper. Wall surface ready for finishing.

What to do with a large hole in a concrete wall?

Large holes in the wall can be formed, for example, after dismantling an unnecessary outlet, replacing pipes, etc. In this case, putty alone will not be enough, because if it is applied in a thick layer, the wall surface will crack over time. Therefore, in addition, you need to prepare building gypsum or cement mixture, finishing plaster and a wide spatula.

Seal a large hole in the wall with your own hands consists of the following items:

1. Preparatory work. The hole is thoroughly cleaned of debris, dust and treated with a primer.
2. Direct termination. It all depends on the size of the defect. If the hole has a depth of less than 50 mm, then the hole is filled with plaster or other mortar. If, when the mixture dries, cracks appear on it, then they will need to be repaired with the same gypsum. With a hole depth of more than 50 mm, you will additionally need to lay a suitable stone, brick or piece of foam plastic in it, which is fixed to the wall with cement, and then sealed with plaster according to the method described above.
3. Surface leveling. It consists in leveling the defective area with finishing plaster and a large spatula. To obtain an even and smooth base, the treated surface is rubbed with sandpaper after drying.

through hole sealing

A through hole in the wall is covered on both sides (Fig. 2). To do this, it is first closed with a piece of a suitable stone or brick, after which a cement-sand mixture is applied to the defective place (first on one side, and then on the other).

After the solution has dried, the finishing plaster is applied and the surface is grouted with sandpaper.

If for some reason you do not have access to the opposite side of the wall, then the problem can be solved as follows:

• using an electric drill and a concrete drill, mount 4 dowel holes in the walls, which will serve as a kind of support for the stone;
• fill the hole with a piece of stone, fitting it to the size of the hole;
• strengthen the stone in the hole with a cement-sand mortar prepared in a ratio of 1: 3;
• after the mixture has dried, level the damaged area with plaster and rub it with sandpaper.

Elimination of other types of holes and cracks

1. Cracks at the junction of walls and ceiling. Closed up in the same way as in the case of a regular hole in the wall. The only feature of restoration work is that the preparation should begin with the expansion of the crack to 6-12 mm along its entire length.
2. A hole in the ceiling after plaster peeling. First, the defective area is carefully cleaned. In some cases, the cause of plaster shedding is a fungus. Therefore, if you saw places damaged by a fungus under a layer of plaster, then they must be treated with an antifungal agent. If this is not done, then the fungus will capture all new areas, leading to further destruction of the ceiling. Then the hole is treated with a primer and sealed with plaster in several layers. In this case, the next layer is applied after the previous one has completely dried. At the last stage of work, the surface of the ceiling is polished with sandpaper.
3. Holes in the walls near the pipes. It is recommended to seal small holes with silicone sealant, and large holes with polyurethane foam. After the foam has set, it should be cut a few millimeters deeper than the wall level and puttied.

Final part

The technology for sealing holes in concrete walls mainly depends on the size of the damage. For small defects, it is enough to cover the problem area with ordinary putty. For large holes, you will additionally need to prepare a DSP or building gypsum.

The first thing to be done by the new owner of the living space in the scope of the repair is to remove the old decorative and finishing wall coverings. After this procedure is completed, an unsightly sight will open to the eye - numerous holes in the wall left over from the previous owners.

Concrete walls are stronger than masonry or wooden partitions, but in order to hang a picture, a shelf, or to fix a TV, you need holes obtained by drilling with a hammer drill or simply a hole in the wall. The layout of furniture and household items is individual for each person and, as a result, each resident decides that the existing attachment points are not enough and another hole in the wall is needed. So, as a result of drilling and for natural reasons, holes of various diameters and depths are formed, requiring an individual answer to the question: “How to close holes in a concrete wall yourself?”

How to close holes of small diameter?

In order to close up holes from drilling, it is necessary to remove the dowels, for this you need:

• screw in the self-tapping screw by 10-15 mm so that it fixes, but does not open the dowel;
• grabbing the cap of the fastener with pliers, swinging the plastic or wooden chop from side to side, pull it out of the wall.

In order to close holes after removing the dowels, you must perform the following algorithm of actions:

1. Remove concrete debris in the form of dust and crumbs with a vacuum cleaner.

2. Moisten the interior cavity with plenty of water using a brush, foam swab or spray.

3. Cover the hole in the wall with a spatula, for which putty or repair mortar can be used.

4. The putty is carried out sequentially in several layers with intermediate surface treatment with sandpaper to obtain a flat plane without deepening.

5. If a repair mixture is used to repair defects, the surface must be covered with a layer of putty for leveling.

In the above way, any hole in the wall of a small diameter (up to 50 mm) and the same depth formed during drilling can be eliminated with your own hands. If the depth of the hole in the concrete wall exceeds 50 mm, it must first be sealed with mounting foam, after which the technology described above is applied.

Wide range of mounting foam

Mounting foam can be used to repair a hole in the wall of any diameter and depth, while the following instructions must be observed:

1. Before sealing a hole in concrete, it is required to remove concrete debris (dust, crumb) from the inner surface with a vacuum cleaner or brush.

2. The thickness of the mounting foam layer should not exceed half the depth of the repaired cavity; it will swell when it dries.

4. After swelling and drying, the excess mounting foam is removed with a knife, with a slight recess in the direction from the edges to the center.

5. In order for the wall to acquire a flat plane, it is necessary to cover it with a repair mortar, on top of which putty is applied.

6. After the finishing layer has dried, it is necessary to eliminate irregularities with sandpaper.

Holes in the wall on the balcony can be sealed with frost-resistant mounting foam, while an external supporting surface must be provided, because trimming the outside of the balcony after the filler has dried will be problematic.

• prepare a piece of foam with a thickness less than the wall thickness by 5-10 mm;
• adjust the transverse dimension of the insert, which should be slightly smaller than the hole in the wall (gap per side is about 10 mm);
• insert the foam, filling the main space, and foam the gaps.

In order for the wall to have a flat surface, it is necessary to cover the foam insert, for which:

• fix the alkali-resistant polymer mesh with a cell of 10-15 mm on the plane of the foam using metallized adhesive tape;
• cover the difference in height by applying successively a layer of a mixture of cement and sand, and then putty;
• After drying, sand the surface with sandpaper.

through holes

Holes in the wall after replacing pipes can be removed with your own hands in the following ways:

1. Scheme with polyurethane foam: fill the cavity, trim after drying, cover the height difference by mixing cement and sand, plaster the surface, eliminate irregularities after drying.

2. Scheme with concrete filling:

• to fill a hole in the wall, you should pick up a cotton rag, which, when crumpled, almost completely fills the section;
• prepare a concrete solution;
• thoroughly moisten a rag in the mixture, push it into the void, tamping so that there are no protruding parts;
• after drying, the hole will be almost completely filled, it remains to cover the difference in height with liquid concrete and perform a fine finish.

The latter scheme allows you to close up a through hole not only in a horizontal wall, but also in the floor slab, as well as holes in the bathroom, using, if necessary, a waterproofing mixture to impregnate a rag.

By replacing the concrete solution with liquid glass, which should be impregnated, holes from mice can be eliminated in a similar way.

In order to remove holes from rats with sharper teeth and stronger stomachs, as a filler, along with a rag soaked in liquid glass, it is necessary to use crushed glass, on top of which an external finish is made.

How to close large cavities?

With a large cross section, the resulting hole can be repaired with small pieces of concrete or brick and sand-cement mortar, for this it is necessary:

• Remove concrete debris in the form of dust and small stones from the cavity.
• Moisten the surface liberally with a brush, foam rubber or spray.
• Lubricate pieces of concrete or brick with mortar and lay in the cavity in such a way that there are no protruding parts.
• After drying, seal the holes with cement, wait for drying.
• Putty the cement patch.
• After drying, remove the bumps using sandpaper.

The considered method allows not only to close up a hole in concrete formed after drilling and chipping of concrete, but also to repair holes after foam, if such filling has not justified itself.

Crack repair

Initially, you need to cut the crack with a spatula or chisel, after which, depending on the width and depth, it is recommended to apply:

• with a large depth and width, it is necessary to foam the section, followed by finishing with repair mortar and putty;
• for a narrow crack, it is permissible to use putty in several layers to level out irregularities.

Often, regardless of our desire, we are faced with unpleasant everyday problems. For example, a hole appeared in the wall and, of course, it needs to be repaired urgently. What are the reasons for its formation is another question. Now we are faced with the main problem - a defect in the wall surface. It can be solved in different ways. The choice of the solution depends, firstly, on the size of the hole itself, and, secondly, on what material the wall is made of.

Filling a hole in a brick, concrete or brick-and-concrete wall

Sealing holes in walls of any material always requires certain preparatory work. If we are dealing with an unwanted hole in one of these strong walls, then the preparation is almost always the same and does not depend on the size of the hole. First of all, it will be necessary to clean the edges of the hole from the remnants of plaster, whitewash or peeling paint. If the wall is covered with wallpaper, use a sharp cutter (for example, a knife) to cut a rectangular piece of wallpaper around the hole. In general, you need to remove everything unnecessary that may interfere with the termination work. Further measures depend on the size of the damage to the wall.

• Small hole in a concrete or brick wall

Such damage to the wall can result from an unsuccessful attempt to drive a nail into it, removing an unnecessary dowel or mirror hook, etc. Closing such a wall defect will require a brush or a piece of foam rubber, a small spatula, a vacuum cleaner, sandpaper and high-quality putty or alabaster, gypsum, satengypsum, isogypsum or some other kind of gypsum. You can also use a cement mortar with sand (ratio 1: 3). But first of all, you will need a screw or dowel with a diameter and length to match the size of the hole.

The procedure for sealing a small hole in the wall:

With the help of the screw or dowel mentioned above, we slightly expand the hole of the hole with back and forth movements, so that putty or mortar can better penetrate into it;
using a vacuum cleaner, we clean the hole from plaster chips and dust;
slightly moisten the hole with a wet brush or foam rubber - this will prevent the plaster from drawing water out of the repair mortar, which can affect its strength;
using a spatula, apply putty or other solution to the site of damage, carefully rubbing it into the recess of the hole, and level the surface;
we wait for the complete drying of the place of repair and carefully clean it using sandpaper;
then we paint over this place, paste it with wallpaper or close it in some other way (everything, of course, to match the wall).

• Large hole in a brick or concrete wall

To the list of tools and materials that are used when sealing small holes, you will have to add another large spatula and fine plaster. But instead of it (in case of absence), you can use any building gypsum from those listed earlier.

Work sequence:

Using a vacuum cleaner, we clean the hole (recess) in the wall from pieces of plaster and dust;
we wet the inside of the hole well, using a brush or wet foam rubber, and let the water soak in;
The next step depends on the depth of damage to the wall:
a). if its depth does not exceed 5 cm, simply use a spatula to close the hole with gypsum or other repair mortar and let it dry; in the process of drying, the gypsum (mortar) may crack, these cracks again must be carefully repaired;
b). if the depth of damage is greater, we recommend inserting a piece of brick or a piece of stone matched to the size of the hole inside it, planting this “patch” on cement; after which we eliminate the wall defect with gypsum or another solution and let it dry;
using a large spatula, we apply the finishing plaster (or its replacement) to the repaired place and carefully level the surface, while also capturing undamaged sections of the wall;
after waiting for the complete drying of this layer, we clean it with sandpaper;
We make painting or pasting of the place of repair.

How to patch a hole in a drywall wall?

With such walls, problems arise more often. It is quite difficult to cause serious damage to a concrete or brick wall. Unlike these materials, the now widespread drywall is quite fragile and therefore often damaged as a result of carelessness of the owners. This usually happens during the next rearrangement of furniture or during children's games. However, such a wall can also be repaired if a hole appears in it.

First of all, you should take care of the following tools and materials: a hacksaw with a narrow blade, a pencil and a square, two spatulas, putty, reinforcing mesh, sandpaper, a rectangular wooden plank, a piece of drywall and self-tapping screws.

The procedure for performing work to eliminate a hole in a drywall wall:

Using a square, draw a rectangle around the repair site with a pencil;
cut with a hacksaw along the contour of this rectangle the damaged part of the drywall on the wall;

Adjust the width of the wood plank so that it is slightly narrower but longer than the hole in the drywall;
screw a powerful screw into the center of the plank as a handle;
holding the board by the screw, insert it into the hole prepared in the wall and press it against the back surface of the drywall; in this position, it must be fixed with four self-tapping screws; remove the screw handle;
cut a rectangle from a piece of drywall that matches the shape of the hole;
insert a drywall rectangle into the hole;

Attach it to the plank with self-tapping screws, sinking their hats into drywall;
putty the edges of the patch and other irregularities;
put a reinforcing mesh on top and rub it into the putty;
after drying, sand;
apply a finishing layer of putty on top;
after its final drying, carefully treat the surface with fine sandpaper.

Instead of a plank, you can use a bar or the remains of a profile. The main thing is to create a support for the drywall patch.

We wish you a successful renovation!