Installation of a sewerage system in the house. Chasing and chasing of sewer pipes Technology of chasing cast-iron pipes

This article will discuss the caulking of cast-iron pipes - what this procedure is, how to prepare for it and prevent the need to perform it, as well as an example of caulking using the example of a cast-iron pipe.

Cast iron is a material with very high strength as well as high weight. The density of the structure allows the manufacture of massive and strong products from it that can withstand significant loads, due to which cast iron pipes are used as elements of water supply and sewerage systems.

Even with the development of chemical production and the active use of pipes from various plastic options, when laying an external water supply, cast iron is most often used as a more serious material. are usually used in the construction of sewerage systems with very heavy loads, significantly exceeding household ones.

Buildings of catering establishments, factories processing meat and other animal products, etc. they constantly create a stream of waste, quite often leading to ruptures of cast iron pipes, which should be immediately repaired.

And taking into account the fact that the caulking and caulking of cast iron pipes is quite difficult, experts recommend conducting annual scheduled inspections to avoid time-consuming repairs.

Start and sequence of repairs

It is necessary to think about how to emboss a cast-iron pipe if it is necessary to replace the element and it is impossible to correct the damage directly at the site of the accident.

First of all, they carry out preparatory work, that is, they carefully inspect the pipes and figure out exactly how they are welded to each other.

Quite often you have to deal with pipes filled with a special solution used to glue their parts.

In this case, while underground, the elements can grow together so firmly that they cannot be detached without effort. At the same time, experts recommend using a gas cutter, which allows you to quickly remove the fastening compound and separate the pipes.

Speaking of chasing a cast-iron pipe, it should be borne in mind that the work ahead is not easy and requires turning off the water in the whole house or even the area if an important area is being repaired.

Pipe preparation for repair is carried out using special tools:

1. Cut off the damaged or burst area with a grinder;
2. Install a new part of the pipe in place of the damage;
3. The seam is closed with a construction bandage with cement.

Preventing the Problem from Occurring

It should be borne in mind that with all the excellent physical qualities, cast iron is a rather fragile material. It deforms under the action of water and the chemical reactions that occur in it, so all changes affect the pipes, including temperature changes, which makes them fragile and unable to withstand high pressure.

Chasing cast-iron pipes is a rather complex process, the high-quality implementation of which includes leaving a certain margin for its expansion.

The new part of the pipe is inserted into the socket, after which the seam must be securely fixed with a resin strand. To tightly lay and secure the threads, a tool such as caulking is used.

Practical experience shows that the formation of cracks is only part of the problem, which grows if drastic measures are not taken. Patching holes with the help of special compounds temporarily helps, but sooner or later a replacement will still be required, so it’s easier to deal with the breakdown right away.

Chasing a cast iron pipe

When replacing a sewer riser, a lounger from a common riser, a toilet bowl, etc. many faced the problem of caulking a cast-iron pipe. It turned out that the procedure is not as simple as it seems.

Let us consider in more detail the process of caulking a cast-iron pipe:

• At the same time, they begin to loosen the socket in different directions;
• Pry off the rope with a screwdriver;
• Grab the rope with pliers;
• Slowly pull the rope, loosening the bell.

1. If the socket sits firmly, this indicates that it is most likely filled with sulfur and knocking on it is useless. In this case, using a burner or a blowtorch, they start in a circle. In this case, you should also be careful not to damage the socket.

Important: when burning sulfur, it is imperative to wear a respirator, since this procedure causes significant harm to health, even death.

The main advantage of cast iron is durability, its main disadvantage is brittleness. These two features must be taken into account when maintaining and repairing cast iron pressure pipes.
The brittleness of cast iron imposes certain requirements on the connection of cast iron pipes. On the one hand, it must be strong and tight, and on the other hand, it must be sufficiently elastic. The fact is that pipes laid in the ground do not lie motionless. The soils are also characterized by shrinkage and blurring. When freezing, the water in the ground expands. All this leads to the movement of the ground. The pipe, as they say, "walks". Traditionally this problem is solved chasing pipes- connecting pipes in such a way that there is a margin of elasticity at the joints.
The smooth end of one pipe is inserted into the socket of the other. A small 3-5 mm gap remains at the junction, which is caulked with a resin strand (kabolka) two-thirds of the depth. The strand is a thin rope, which is inserted into the gap in layers. After each turn, the strand is compacted with a caulk - a special tool. Such a connection allows you to connect the pipe hermetically, but with a margin of elasticity.
To increase the strength of the joint, the remaining third of the gap is cemented or filled with lead. The second option is more reliable and preferable, because. connections in pressure pipes experience significant loads. Both procedures are quite complex and time-consuming. Cement behaves capriciously at high or low humidity, work with the melting of lead requires dexterity and additional preparations.
More advanced methods of connecting cast-iron pressure pipes are currently being used. For example, a socket with a rubber sealing ring and a socket-screw connection. But these compounds began to be used relatively recently. Recall that the advantage of cast iron is durability. The service life of cast iron pressure pipes is more than a hundred years. And, therefore, pipelines made according to old technologies are still actively exploited.
Chasing socket connection can be safely called the weakest point of the cast-iron pipeline. Under the influence of moisture, temperature changes and soil movement for decades, the coinage is destroyed. Typically, accidents caused destruction of coinage, are eliminated for a long time. Procedure minting time-consuming, requiring a certain skill. But even high qualification does not guarantee the absence of marriage. The liquidation of an accident is often carried out in difficult conditions: low temperatures, difficult access to the damaged area, watering of the pit, humidity that prevents the solution from hardening. Fussing with molten lead in such conditions is generally more like a repairman's nightmare. Alas, this dream often comes true. It is almost impossible to perform high-quality coinage during the liquidation of a complex accident.
Our company's product range includes a special type of fittings that can significantly reduce the time required to eliminate this type of accident and improve the quality of repair work on a cast-iron pipeline. This is a socket sealer DZ. With him, all work comes down to installing the product on the socket connection and fixing it with a conventional wrench. The rubber gasket securely seals the joint, without depriving it of the necessary elasticity, and the design itself firmly fixes the joint. Work can be carried out even without completely blocking the pressure, but only by reducing it so that the leak does not interfere with the repair team. The reliability of the connection of cast-iron pressure pipes with the help of a socket joint sealer is several times higher than the reliability of traditional caulking. And, therefore, once the work is done, the problem will be eliminated once and for all.

Cast iron is a high strength material with a lot of weight. From it, objects are usually made that are required to withstand heavy loads, as well as elements for arranging the sewerage and water supply systems. Caulking pipes is not an easy job, and therefore, in order to avoid costly and complex repairs, it is recommended that facilities be regularly inspected for deformations.

In what cases is chasing performed?

This work is justified when it is necessary to replace the damaged cast iron element of the system. It is also carried out in the case when the deformation cannot be corrected at the accident site. Damage to cast iron pipes is a fairly common problem, despite their increased strength. This material is very sensitive to water, chemical processes, temperature changes. As a result, the elements of the system cease to withstand the previous loads, and a decision has to be made on repair work.

If a crack has formed in the pipe, measures must be taken without delay, otherwise a small problem can lead to an emergency. Patching cracks with special solutions is only a temporary measure, so it is better to immediately pay attention to more reliable methods.

Training

Correct chasing

First of all, it is required to inspect the place of work, the pipes themselves. In this case, you need to see how they are connected to each other. The fact is that it is not always possible to do chasing with your own hands without disconnecting the pipes.

The problem arises if the cast-iron elements are located in the ground and during installation they were filled with a composition that promotes gluing. The difficulty lies in the fact that often the structural elements grow together with each other so firmly that they can be separated only with the help of additional tools. Usually, a gas cleaver is used in this capacity, which contributes to the effective removal of the bonding solution.

It may be necessary to turn off the water in the entire house during repairs. If repairs are made on an important site, this may entail turning off the water in the entire area. Preparation for caulking is carried out using the following tools:

• Bulgarian. Required for cutting the deformed area;
• New piping element. Installed to replace the damaged one;
• Construction bandage and cement mortar. Needed to close the seam.

How is chasing done?

Repair work on repairing cast-iron pipes should be done very carefully. It is better to entrust this important matter to professionals, but if you still decide to do the chasing with your own hands, the following instructions will help you:

Now you know how to do-it-yourself cast-iron pipes. If something remains unclear to you, on our website you can always see a photo that shows the described repair work. A video has also been published, from which you will learn how professional caulking of cast-iron pipes is performed.

When it is necessary to repair any part of the sewer pipeline in an apartment, it is often necessary to disconnect the pipes. In a situation where a section needs to be replaced, it is important to first inspect it to determine the type of connection. Difficulty arises with pipes located underground, because they are processed by special. anti-separation compound. In this case, a gas cutter is used to speed up the separation process. It is known that caulking of cast iron pipes represents a very important stage of repair work and has its own technology for the correct execution. Rules should not be ignored when necessary change cast iron pipe.

How to chisel cast iron pipe?

1. Initially, it is required to gently tap the surface of the bell with a hammer, trying not to damage it. Otherwise, you will need to completely change the riser.
2. When the movement of the bell becomes free, you can carry out dismantling of cast iron pipes. It is produced like this:
- the bell should be slightly swung to the sides;
- using a screwdriver, pry a little and pull the rope;
- fix the rope using pliers;
- slowly pull the rope without stopping swing the pipe;
- the cable should be pulled out, having previously hooked it.
3. If the bell remains motionless as a result of the tapping procedure, the caulking was carried out by filling with sulfur. In this case, it should be burned out in the following way:
- using a soldering iron or an ordinary burner, it is necessary to heat the pipe around the circumference;
- during heating, continue tapping the pipe;
- when the bell starts to move, it must be swung using an adjustable wrench.
Work must be done with a respirator.
4. The released socket should be cleaned using a chisel or chisel. It is important to clean the bell seat very carefully, as this is where the sealing rubber will need to be placed.
5. Lubricate the rubber sealing ring with lubricant and place it in the socket.
6. Insert a new part into the seal.

quality replacement of cast iron pipes carried out through the involvement of a competent specialist. He will be able to quickly replace the cast-iron pipe without risking damage to the entire pipeline. The master will also help remove cast iron pipe, replace it with a product made of another material.

In the case of replacing plumbing equipment such as a toilet bowl or a sewer riser, it is necessary to very carefully perform the procedure for caulking cast-iron pipes in the first place. With strict observance of all the rules for caulking or caulking connected sewer pipes, it is possible to do such work with your own hands.

The embossing is done in the following order

First, it is necessary to very carefully, without undue effort, tap the socket part of the sewer pipe with a hammer in order to avoid complete replacement of the riser section in case of cracking.
By slightly loosening the dismantled pipe, it is necessary to make sure that the bell can move and rotate freely on the sides and can be gradually released from the chasing with a cable. Now you can dismantle it in the following order:
in all directions it is necessary to loosen the socket;
gradually pull out the rope and pick it with a thin straight object with a screwdriver or some kind of rod;
the rope must be firmly grasped with pliers;
continue to slowly loosen it and gently pull the rope.

The ineffectual tapping and immobility of the bell indicate that the chasing was carried out using a special sulfur filling. In this case, it is necessary to perform the direct burnout procedure according to the following scheme:

It is necessary to carefully heat the socket section of the cast-iron pipe in a circle with a blowtorch or gas burner, while you must not forget to continue loosening, unscrewing and tapping the socket part of the pipe;

After it has moved from the place of the old embedment, it is necessary to continue to loosen it with the help of some tool, an adjustable wrench, etc.
After dismantling, it is necessary to carefully clean with any cutting tool a knife, chisel or chisel. When cleaning, special attention should be paid to the socket seat, on which sealing rubber will subsequently be installed.
Place greased into the cleaned socket. Install the required assembly in the seal.

Coin options

In order to firmly and hermetically construct a sewer system from cast-iron pipelines and parts for it, it is imperative to provide for the correct option for sealing the resulting gap filling the void between the pipes, which is always shown when the inner socket part of the pipe is butt-joined with its outer surface part.
It should be noted that the choice of the necessary consumables, the appropriate special tools for sealing work and the amount of time spent depend on the method of sealing the connection of cast-iron pipes. It is proposed to consider the currently existing two options for caulking cast iron joints.
1. The first option is the use of cement mortar

The procedure for sealing pipe joints with cement mortar consists of the following steps:
In the resulting gap between the pipes, it is necessary to lay a special tarred sealant. To make such a gasket, a conventional tourniquet pre-tarred in a special solution is used, which is driven into the gap formed between the pipe and the socket to a depth equal to 2/3 of the gap space. After creating the first sealing ring, it is necessary to put the end of the rope (tow) on top of this ring so that it does not end up inside the pipe being installed.
Next, it is necessary to seal the remaining part of the depth of the gap (1/3 of the remaining space) between the pipes with the prepared mortar from cement, which is already compacted with a tarred tourniquet in front of this. In order to increase the density and reliability of the caulking of the joints, it is required to use a special coinage together with a hammer, with which it is necessary to carefully tamp the cement mortar. The moment of the end of caulking is considered to be the beginning of rebounds of the caulking from the clogged cement seal. In order to obtain a high-quality setting of the cement mortar, it is necessary to cover the compacted area with a wet cloth, for example, gauze.
In order to prepare a cement mortar, you will need to purchase cement grade 300400. It must be mixed with water in a ratio of 9/1.
You can increase the speed of work when caulking with the help of special tools such as broadened caulking and caulking. At the same time, the entire process is accelerated by 30%.
If the work is carried out in winter at low ambient temperatures, then the cement mortar in this case must be kneaded in heated water, and it is also necessary to perform temporary insulation of the pipe joint sealed with cement.

2. The second option is the use of asbestos cement

This process is slightly different from the previous one and has its own procedure:
It is necessary to knead the asbestos fiber in a dry state with cement in a ratio of 1/2, respectively;
The collected dry mix must be kneaded in water before being used as a seal between pipes. The volume of water in the solution should be about 1012% of the total volume of the prepared mixture.
The process of caulking the gap between the pipes is carried out in a similar way in accordance with the established procedure for the first option for sealing the joints.

Such a procedure as chasing or chasing connections between has its own difficulties and difficulties with its own nuances and tricks. Therefore, in order to achieve a positive result with such laborious work, it is recommended to seek help from knowledgeable and experienced professionals. In this case, there is a guarantee that you can get rid of unnecessary hassle and costs during an unplanned replacement of risers as a result of, for example, unsuccessful tapping of the socket part of the sewer pipe with a hammer.