A pump without a hydraulic accumulator for water supply at home. Automation for water supply pumps without hydraulic accumulator

When providing the building with water from a well or a well, a hydraulic accumulator is installed without fail, which is a container of a suitable volume. It is usually used in conjunction with a special pressure switch. For a hydraulic accumulator, it is a control device that allows you to reduce the number of pump cycles.

The main components of a pumping unit with a hydraulic accumulator

From the point of view of design features, the relay is a small unit equipped with special springs. The first of them defines the limit of maximum pressure, and the second defines the minimum. Adjustment is made by means of the auxiliary nuts placed in the case.

The working springs are connected to the membrane, which reacts to pressure surges in one way or another. Exceeding the maximum values leads to compression of the metal spiral, and a decrease leads to stretching. Thanks to such a device, in the contact group, contacts are closed and opened at a certain moment.

The principle of operation of the pressure switch for the accumulator is as follows. Water enters the membrane tank until it is completely filled, which leads to an increase in pressure. When the maximum allowable level is reached, it stops pumping liquid.

As water flows, the pressure in the system drops. When the lower level is overcome, the equipment will turn on again. The cycles of switching on and off are repeated over and over again until the elements of the system are in working condition.

Typically, a relay consists of the following elements:

plastic cases;
rubber membrane;
brass piston;
membrane cover;
threaded studs;
metal plate;
couplings for cable fastening;
blocks for terminals;
articulated platform;
adjusting springs;
contact node.

Addition! When working on the moving part of the platform, adjusting springs press against the force created by the piston. Turning the pump on and off depends on the degree of their compression.

Optimal pressure inside the hydraulic tank

Any accumulator inside has a rubber membrane that divides the space into two chambers. One contains water and the other contains compressed air. Thanks to this structure, it is possible to create the necessary pressure when filling and emptying the rubber container.

To extend the life of the device, you need to know what pressure should be in the accumulator. It largely depends on the indicators set to turn on the pump. The pressure inside the tank should be about 10 percent less.

For example, if the switch-on is set to 2.5 bar and the switch-off is set to 3.5 bar, then the air pressure inside the tank should be set to 2.3 bar. Finished usually do not require additional adjustment.

Carrying out work on connecting and setting up a pressure switch for a hydraulic accumulator

Although many people find the process of mounting and adjusting the instrument difficult to understand, in fact it is not. Each owner of a country house with a well or a well can independently connect and configure a device to provide the building with water.

Standard scheme for connecting a pressure switch to a hydraulic accumulator

The finished product interacts with both the plumbing and electrical systems of the building. When closing and opening contacts, liquid is supplied or blocked. The pressure device is installed permanently, since there is no need to move it from place to place.

For connection, it is recommended to allocate a separate power line. Directly from the shield should be a cable with a copper core section of 2.5 square meters. mm. It is not recommended to connect wires without grounding, because the combination of water and electricity is fraught with hidden danger.

Cables should be passed through the holes located on the plastic case, and then connected to the terminal block. It contains terminals for phase and zero, wires for the pump.

Note! Electrical work must be carried out in a disconnected state from the network. When installing, you must not neglect the observance of the general rules of technical safety.

Correct setting of the accumulator pressure switch

To adjust the device, an accurate pressure gauge is required to determine the pressure without errors. Focusing on its readings, you can make a relatively quick adjustment. By turning the nuts located on the springs, you can reduce or increase the pressure. During setup, you must follow a certain sequence of actions.

So, the adjustment of the pressure switch for the accumulator is carried out as follows.

The system turns on, after which, using a pressure gauge, the indicators are monitored at which the device is turned on and off;
First, the lower level spring, which is large, is adjusted. For adjustment, a regular wrench is used.
The set threshold is being tested. If necessary, the previous paragraph is repeated.
Next, the nut is turned for the spring, which allows you to set the upper pressure level. It has a smaller size.
The operation of the system is fully tested. If for some reason the results are not satisfactory, then a reconfiguration is performed.

Note! Before you set up the accumulator pressure switch, you need to remember a simple truth. The minimum allowable difference between the maximum and minimum value should not be less than 1 atmosphere.

The cost of relays and accumulators of some manufacturers

Relay models can be purchased relatively inexpensively. Usually the cost of products does not exceed one thousand rubles. However, electronic counterparts may have a higher price, as they allow for more precise tuning. The table shows the models of some manufacturers and their cost.

Model	Dimensions in mm	Price in rubles
Gilex RDM-5	110x110x70	900
Danfoss KP1	107x65x105	1 570
Belamos PS-7	150x80x150	575
Caliber RD-5	103x65x120	490

Related article:

If the water pressure is normal or even strong, then you just need this device. And why you will learn from our separate review.

As for hydraulic accumulators, their cost can be noticeably higher. It mainly depends on the volume of the structure. A capacious tank can significantly reduce the number of work cycles. However, there is not always enough space for it. The table shows prices for accumulators for different sizes.

Note! On average, for a family of 4-8 people, as a rule, a hydraulic accumulator with a capacity of 50 liters is enough. With a smaller number of people living, a capacity of 24 liters is purchased, and with a larger number - 100 liters.

Summarizing

Since the hydraulic accumulator is not capable of functioning without a pressure switch, which is a control device, special attention was paid to the installation and configuration of this particular device. With proper adjustment of the product, it is quite possible to extend the operational period of the main equipment.

Adjusting the pressure switch of the hydraulic accumulator of the pumping station - nothing complicated (video)

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Self-installation and adjustment of the water pressure switch for the pump

The rise of water from deep sources or domestic wells requires the installation of special equipment that will ensure an uninterrupted supply of fluid to the water supply system. But it is also important to maintain optimal pressure in the water supply system. With the task of such a plan, pumping equipment with a hydraulic accumulator does an excellent job (but you can use the station without a hydraulic tank).

The device is a clear mechanism that ensures the constant presence of water in the system and prevents the occurrence of air locks in the pipes. As a result, water hammer in the system is completely eliminated. In addition, such a mechanism is able to work for some time even without electricity.

A private station for lifting water from a depth and transporting it through pipes to each plumbing point is a set of equipment connected according to a scheme. The unit works according to the following principle:

First, a hose equipped with a strainer and a check valve, with the help of a surface ejector pump, takes water from a well or well and sends it to the hydraulic tank.
In turn, it is the hydraulic tank that subsequently controls the on and off cycles of the station, since it is a reservoir divided in two by a special membrane. Water enters one half of the hydraulic tank of the station until the membrane is fully tensioned. On the other side is pressurized air. As soon as the water half of the station is filled to the limit, the pump receives a signal to turn off (sends it to a pressure switch that controls the level of filling of the tank). As soon as the water leaves the space of the station tank and goes to the house through the pipes, the pressure in the system drops and, upon reaching the critical level, the pressure switch sends a signal to the pump to turn on. The hydraulic tank of the station is filled again.

Important: the capacity of the accumulator (hydraulic tank) can vary from 20 liters to 500 or more (depending on the number of people living in the house and on the needs of the family).

Advantages and disadvantages of a pumping station

If you decide to install a pump with a hydraulic accumulator, then there will be such advantages:

It is thanks to the accumulator, which supplies water to the pipes using a membrane, that the station can work for some time even in the absence of electricity (but only until the water in the tank runs out).
The station prevents the formation of water hammer in the pipes.
The wear of the pumping equipment of a station equipped with a hydraulic accumulator will not be as fast as that of a station without a hydraulic tank, since each pump has a certain number of on and off cycles in reserve. The hydraulic tank gives the pump a rest in this case and reduces the number of on / off. Thus, the life of the pump will be extended.

Important: in order for the pumping station to work clearly, like a clock, it is necessary to install a pressure switch on the system and adjust it in the required order.

The disadvantages of a pumping station with a hydraulic accumulator include:

Large dimensions of the hydraulic tank and the need to allocate space for it;
In this case, the accumulator must be installed above the level of the room, and this creates additional difficulties when installing the station;
Risk of flooding the house in case of failure of the pressure switch or membrane.
In addition, the membrane of each hydraulic accumulator is subject to the accumulation of air in it. As a result, the efficiency of the tank is reduced. To adjust the operation of the station equipment, it will be necessary to bleed the air accumulated in the station (tank) through a special valve once every 2-3 months. Such prevention will extend the life of the equipment at times.

Types of accumulators

A pumping station with a connected hydraulic accumulator can be equipped with a tank of any shape. In modern points of sale you can find the following:

Vertical. In such tanks, a valve for bleeding accumulated air is located in the upper part of the tank.

Horizontal. To pump out the collected air, a special valve is provided here from the back of the accumulator.

Important: hydraulic tanks with a capacity of up to 50 liters are released from accumulated air by completely draining the water from the tank.

Stations without hydraulic tank

If you decide to use a pumping station and not connect a hydraulic tank to it, then such equipment also has the right to life and functions quite well. In this case, the only negative will be the constant on / off of the pump at the moment the tap is opened. It is clear that such work can disable the pump many times faster. Or at some point it will burn out (not even the most reliable pump from a European manufacturer is immune from this).

In addition, the station does not provide a supply of water here, and therefore, in the event of a power outage, there is likely to be no water.

Important: the use of a station without a hydraulic tank is relevant for a family of two.

The advantage of such an installation is its compactness and a much greater pressure of water in the system.

In any case, the pumping station must be installed in a protective caisson to be protected from the cold. To avoid freezing of water in the system, water pipes are laid below the freezing level of the soil. For greater reliability, they can be insulated.

Periodically, it is necessary to carry out a preventive inspection of the equipment in order to avoid possible breakdowns. And it is necessary to choose the pump itself in accordance with the family's needs for water and with the capabilities of your source (depth, flow rate, required pressure, etc.).

Thanks to modern equipment, a private homeowner has the opportunity to equip an autonomous water supply system at will. For seasonal living in a country house or in a country house, a pumping station without a hydraulic accumulator is quite suitable, although this solution is used less and less because of its impracticality.

Let's consider the principle of operation, the pros and cons of a system that works directly from a well or well to draw-off points. We will evaluate the feasibility of such a solution, and also give options for organizing water supply without a hydraulic accumulator.

When designing a water supply system for a house, it is necessary to take into account such factors as the number of consumers, the volume of pumped liquid, the resource of a well or well. If water is required on an ongoing basis and in large quantities, then you simply cannot do without it.

A pumping station with a hydraulic tank provides an uninterrupted supply of water to the house, and if a power outage suddenly occurs, then the liquid supply is enough to finish your business. The volume of the tank is chosen based on needs.

The average volume for domestic use is 25-50 liters, but for frequent use it is better to immediately purchase a tank for 100-200 liters or include a drive in the circuit as an addition.

The hydraulic accumulator performs several important functions: it stabilizes the water pressure in the system, protects the equipment from water hammer, and increases the life of the pump

The water supply system can work without a hydraulic accumulator. In fact, it is a pump connected by a pipeline to the points of water intake. The main disadvantage of such a system is the rapid wear of pumping equipment.

In a system with a hydraulic tank, the pump is turned on only when necessary, but here it will turn on every time someone opens a water tap or wants to water the flowers. The engine, due to frequent activation, fails faster, and the pump has to be repaired or changed more often than usual.

Connection diagram of a pumping station without a hydraulic tank. The surface pump is installed in the basement, water is supplied through the suction pipeline lowered into the well (well) (+)

However, manufacturers have not abandoned models without a hydraulic tank, because they are in demand. Most often, they are interested in the owners of summer cottages, which are used only in the summer - for recreation, growing vegetables or flowers.

Consider situations in which you can get by with one pump, without a hydraulic accumulator:

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In the absence of a hydraulic accumulator, the pressure switch is connected directly to the pumping station or integrated together with the dry-running switch into the pipeline

In addition to equipment for pumping water, you will need an electrical cable, a mains connection point and ground terminals. If the ready-made solution does not meet the requirements, the station parts can be purchased separately, and then assembled at the installation site. The main condition is the correspondence of the elements of the system according to the characteristics.

Water supply without accumulator

If you exclude the accumulator from the water supply scheme, then two options are possible:

using a pump to supply water to the points of water intake directly;
storage tank connection.

Both options are actively used, but the first is optimal for irrigation systems with a small volume of liquid, and the second is most appropriate when it is necessary to provide water for a shower, kitchen faucet - that is, consumers inside the house.

Option #1 - Connecting the Pump Directly

There are many interesting solutions, but the most practical and economical are automated irrigation systems. They work only during periods when there is no rain, and are installed wherever regular watering is needed - in the garden, near flower beds, on lawns.

One of the options is an expanded irrigation system for the backyard. It is fully automated. To set the on / off time, we connect the controller. Solenoid valves can be installed on each individual line so that they can be operated individually.

Approximate scheme of automatic watering of a summer cottage. Liquid is transported from a well or well through pipes with a diameter of 19 mm (central) and 16 mm (branches) (+)

The rain sensor makes the irrigation system more efficient: during rainfall, the pump does not function.

Irrigation system installation procedure:

we place pipes on the surface of the earth according to a previously drawn up scheme, connect them with fittings;
install sprinklers, drip system, irrigation hoses;
we equip the pumping group - a surface unit and a pressure switch;
connect the water supply, test the system for leaks;
if everything is fine, we dig trenches 30 cm deep, arrange a drainage cushion from crushed stone and sand, lay the pipeline and fill it up;
we perform repeated testing to check the tightness, check the performance of all lines;
connect the controller and the rain sensor;
check the operation of all elements of the system.

If the throughput is small, we set up alternate operation of the lines. This is a complex circuit that requires knowledge of hardware setup. The simplest is a regular one with irrigation hoses connected to it.

Option # 2 - scheme with a storage tank

With the advent of technological hydroaccumulator stations, the scheme has become less popular, but is still used. It is simple and differs in that there is a storage tank between the pump and the draw-off points.

Diagram of a water supply system with a storage tank. An additional circulation pump is installed to ensure the movement of water through pipes at a certain speed and pressure.

One of the operating conditions of the system is. The first filter is installed on the suction pipe at surface pumps, on the equipment itself - at submersible ones. The second is at the entrance to the house. It is better if it is a set of two filters, coarse and fine.

After the filtration system, a storage tank is installed, and a pipe (or pipes) already goes from it to the draw-off points.

By tradition, the tank is installed as high as possible - for example, in the attic. The high location increases the pressure in the system, which will function even in the absence of electricity.

Storage tank - any tank that is suitable in volume. Previously, galvanized metal tanks were used, now plastic containers of various configurations are used. They are equipped with one inlet pipe for supplying water from the well, and two outlet pipes for distributing to consumers and drains.

The top of the tank is covered with a hinged lid, which protects the liquid from debris and dust. By removing the cover, you can analyze the condition of the tank and the water that is stored in it. In case of severe contamination, the liquid is released through the drain pipe, and the tank is washed.

The main control element is the float mechanism. As soon as the water level reaches the maximum mark, the inlet pipe is blocked and the supply to the tank is stopped. At a low level, on the contrary, the inlet opens and water begins to flow into the tank.

Plastic storage tank installed in the attic. It is lighter in weight than a metal container, so it is much more convenient to mount it. So that the water does not freeze, in the northern regions of the tank walls are insulated

The advantage of using a storage tank: there is always a supply of water, which is supplied under low pressure, even if all pumps are turned off. Minus - difficulties in installation. Bulk tanks require space and a foundation to support their weight.

In the case of systems for year-round operation, the attic, or at least the tank itself, located in an unheated attic space, must be insulated.

In order to avoid overflow and flooding of the floors below, the storage tanks are necessarily supplied with overflow pipes. If the allowable volume is exceeded, water through the overflow hole arranged in the upper third of the tank will drain through the pipe connected to it into the sewer.

Positive and negative feedback

How good a system without a hydraulic accumulator is in practice is best judged by the feedback from users - owners who have been using it in their homes for a year or more.

One of the advantages is the compact size and ergonomics of the pumping station. There is no hydraulic accumulator, which takes up a lot of space, as a result of which it is much easier to find a small corner to install the pump.

You can use different types of pumps with equal success, including - then only the pipeline and control devices will be on the surface.

The cost of the unit without a hydraulic tank is lower, and installation is easier.

An example of a pumping station that can be used for household maintenance of a summer residence. The pump is equipped with a pressure switch and dry-running protection

There are also disadvantages, the main one is insufficient power. A system without a hydraulic accumulator has a minimum performance, and pumping equipment is constantly at risk of failure.

In order for the pump not to turn on every time the tap is opened, a hydraulic accumulator is installed in the system. It contains a certain amount of water, sufficient for a small flow. This allows you to practically get rid of short-term switching on of the pump. Installing a hydraulic accumulator is a simple procedure, but you will need a certain number of devices - at least - a pressure switch, and it is also desirable to have a pressure gauge and an air vent.

Functions, purpose, types

Place of installation - in the pit or in the house

In the water supply system of a private house without a hydraulic accumulator, the pump turns on whenever water flows somewhere. These frequent inclusions lead to wear of the equipment. And not only the pump, but the entire system as a whole. After all, every time there is an abrupt increase in pressure, and this is a water hammer. To reduce the number of pump turns on and smooth out the water hammer, a hydraulic accumulator is used. The same device is called an expansion or membrane tank, hydraulic tank.

Purpose

One of the functions of hydraulic accumulators is to smooth out water hammer, we found out. But there are others:

It is not surprising that this device is present in most private water supply systems - there are many advantages from its use.

Kinds

A hydraulic accumulator is a sheet metal tank divided into two parts by an elastic membrane. There are two types of membrane - diaphragm and balloon (pear). The diaphragm is attached across the tank, the balloon in the form of a pear is fixed at the inlet around the inlet pipe.

By appointment, they are of three types:

for cold water;
for hot water;
for heating systems.

Hydraulic tanks for heating are painted red, tanks for plumbing are painted blue. Expansion tanks for heating are usually smaller and cheaper. This is due to the material of the membrane - for water supply it must be neutral, because the water in the pipeline is drinking.

According to the type of location, accumulators are horizontal and vertical. Vertical ones are equipped with legs, some models have plates for hanging on the wall. It is the models that are elongated upwards that are more often used when creating the plumbing systems of a private house on their own - they take up less space. The connection of this type of accumulator is standard - through a 1-inch outlet.

Horizontal models are usually completed with pumping stations with surface-type pumps. Then the pump is placed on top of the tank. It turns out compact.

Principle of operation

Radial membranes (in the form of a plate) are used mainly in gyroaccumulators for heating systems. For water supply, a rubber bulb is mainly installed inside. How does such a system work? As long as there is only air inside, the pressure inside is standard - the one set at the factory (1.5 atm) or which you set yourself. The pump turns on, starts pumping water into the tank, the pear begins to grow in size. Water gradually fills an increasing volume, more and more compressing the air that is between the tank wall and the membrane. When a certain pressure is reached (usually for one-story houses it is 2.8 - 3 atm), the pump turns off, the pressure in the system stabilizes. When you open a tap or other flow of water, it comes from the accumulator. It flows until the pressure in the tank drops below a certain level (usually about 1.6-1.8 atm). Then the pump turns on, the cycle repeats again.

If the flow is large and constant - you are taking a bath, for example, - the pump pumps water in transit, without pumping it into the tank. The tank begins to fill after all the taps are closed.

The water pressure switch is responsible for turning the pump on and off at a certain pressure. In most accumulator piping schemes, this device is present - such a system works in the optimal mode. We will consider connecting the accumulator a little lower, but for now let's talk about the tank itself and its parameters.

Large volume tanks

The internal structure of accumulators with a volume of 100 liters and above is slightly different. The pear is different - it is attached to the body both above and below. With this structure, it becomes possible to deal with the air that is present in the water. To do this, there is an outlet in the upper part, into which a valve for automatic air release can be connected.

How to choose tank volume

You can choose the volume of the tank arbitrarily. There are no requirements or restrictions. The larger the tank, the more water you will have in case of a shutdown and the less often the pump will turn on.

When choosing a volume, it is worth remembering that the volume that is in the passport is the size of the entire container. There will be almost half as much water in it. The second thing to keep in mind is the overall dimensions of the container. A 100 liter tank is a decent barrel - about 850 mm high and 450 mm in diameter. For her and the strapping, it will be necessary to find a place somewhere. Somewhere - this is in the room where the pipe comes from the pump. This is where most of the equipment is installed.

If you need at least some guidelines to choose the volume of the accumulator, calculate the average flow rate from each draw-off point (there are special tables or you can see it in the passport for household appliances). Sum all these data. Get the possible flow rate if all consumers work at the same time. Then estimate how many and which devices can work at the same time, calculate how much water will go in this case per minute. Most likely by this time you will already come to some kind of decision.

To make it a little easier, let's say that the volume of the hydraulic tank of 25 liters is enough to meet the needs of two people. It will ensure the normal functioning of a very small system: a faucet, a sink and a small one. In the presence of other household appliances, the capacity must be increased. The good news is that if you decide that the existing tank is not enough for you, you can always install an additional one.

What should be the pressure in the accumulator

Compressed air is in one part of the accumulator, water is pumped into the second. The air in the tank is under pressure - factory settings - 1.5 atm. This pressure does not depend on volume - and on a tank with a capacity of 24 liters and 150 liters it is the same. More or less may be the maximum allowable maximum pressure, but it does not depend on the volume, but on the membrane and is indicated in the technical specifications.

Pre-check and pressure correction

Before connecting the accumulator to the system, it is advisable to check the pressure in it. The settings of the pressure switch depend on this indicator, and during transportation and storage the pressure could drop, so control is very desirable. You can control the pressure in the hydraulic tank using a pressure gauge connected to a special inlet in the upper part of the tank (capacity of 100 liters or more) or installed in its lower part as one of the piping parts. Temporarily, for control, you can connect a car pressure gauge. His error is usually small and it is convenient for him to work. If this is not the case, you can use the regular one for water pipes, but they usually do not differ in accuracy.

If necessary, the pressure in the accumulator can be increased or decreased. To do this, there is a nipple at the top of the tank. A car or bicycle pump is connected through the nipple and, if necessary, the pressure is increased. If it needs to be bled off, the nipple valve is bent with some thin object, releasing air.

What air pressure should be

So the pressure in the accumulator should be the same? For the normal operation of household appliances, a pressure of 1.4-2.8 atm is required. To prevent the tank membrane from tearing, the pressure in the system should be slightly higher than the tank pressure - by 0.1-0.2 atm. If the pressure in the tank is 1.5 atm, then the pressure in the system should not be lower than 1.6 atm. This value is set on the water pressure switch, which is paired with a hydraulic accumulator. These are the optimal settings for a small one-story house.

If the house is two-story, you will have to increase the pressure. There is a formula for calculating the pressure in a hydraulic tank:

Vatm.=(Hmax+6)/10

Where Hmax is the height of the highest draw point. Most often it is a shower. You measure (calculate) at what height relative to the accumulator its watering can is, substitute it into the formula, you get the pressure that should be in the tank.

If the house has a jacuzzi, everything is more complicated. You will have to select empirically - by changing the relay settings and observing the operation of the water points and household appliances. But at the same time, the working pressure should not be more than the maximum allowable for other household appliances and plumbing fixtures (indicated in the technical specifications).

How to choose

The main working body of the hydraulic tank is the membrane. Its service life depends on the quality of the material. The best for today are membranes made of food rubber (vulcanized rubber plates). The body material matters only in membrane type tanks. In those in which a "pear" is installed, water contacts only with rubber and the material of the case does not matter.

The flange should be made of thick galvanized steel, but stainless steel is better

What is really important in tanks with "pears" is the flange. Usually it is made of galvanized metal. In this case, the thickness of the metal is important. If it is only 1 mm, after about a year and a half of operation, a hole will appear in the metal of the flange, the tank will lose its tightness and the system will stop working. Moreover, the guarantee is only a year, although the declared service life is 10-15 years. The flange usually rots after the end of the warranty period. There is no way to weld it - a very thin metal. You have to look for a new flange in service centers or buy a new tank.

So, if you want the accumulator to serve for a long time, look for a flange made of thick galvanized steel or thin, but made of stainless steel.

Connecting the accumulator to the system

Typically, the water supply system of a private house consists of:

In this scheme, a pressure gauge may also be present - for operational pressure control, but this device is not necessary. It can be periodically connected - for test measurements.

With or without 5-pin fitting

If the pump is of a surface type, the accumulator is usually placed near it. In this case, a check valve is installed on the suction pipeline, and all other devices are installed in one bundle. They are usually connected using a five-pin fitting.

It has leads with different diameters, just for the devices used for tying the accumulator. Therefore, the system is most often assembled on its basis. But this element is completely optional and everything can be connected using ordinary fittings and pipe pieces, but this is a more time-consuming task, and there will be more connections.

How to connect a hydraulic accumulator to a well - a diagram without a five-pin fitting

With one of its inch outlets, the fitting is screwed onto the tank - the branch pipe is located at the bottom. A pressure switch and pressure gauge are connected to the 1/4 inch outlets. A pipe from the pump and wiring to consumers are connected to the remaining free inch outlets. That's all the connection of the gyroaccumulator to the pump. If you are assembling a water supply scheme with a surface pump, you can use a flexible hose in a metal winding (with inch fittings) - it is easier to work with it.

A visual diagram of the connection of the pump and accumulator - where necessary, use hoses or pipes

As usual, there are several options, you choose.

Connect the accumulator to the submersible pump in the same way. The whole difference is where the pump is installed and where to supply power, but this has nothing to do with installing a hydraulic accumulator. He puts it in the place where the pipes from the pump go. Connection - one to one (see diagram).

How to install two hydraulic tanks on one pump

When operating the system, sometimes owners come to the conclusion that the available volume of the accumulator is not enough for them. In this case, a second (third, fourth, etc.) hydraulic tank of any volume can be installed in parallel.

There is no need to reconfigure the system, the relay will monitor the pressure in the tank on which it is installed, and the viability of such a system is much higher. After all, if the first accumulator is damaged, the second one will work. There is another positive point - two tanks of 50 liters each cost less than one of 100. The point is a more complex technology for the production of large containers. So it's also more cost effective.

How to connect a second accumulator to the system? Screw a tee onto the input of the first one, connect the input from the pump (five-pin fitting) to one free output, and the second container to the remaining free output. All. You can test the circuit.

To lift water from a well or well, as well as for its further transportation through the pipes of an autonomous water supply system of a country house or cottage, various types of pumping equipment can be used. Quite often, for this purpose, a pumping station without a hydraulic accumulator or an installation equipped with a hydraulic tank is used.

Pumping stations without hydraulic accumulator

Pumping stations with a hydraulic accumulator, which differ in a more complex design when compared with devices without a hydraulic tank, in addition to the stability of the pressure of the liquid medium transported through the pipeline, are able to ensure its uninterrupted supply for some time even in cases where the pump itself is not working due to for breakdowns or failures in the power supply network.

The principle of operation of pumping stations with a hydraulic tank

A pumping station with a hydraulic accumulator, used for pumping water from an underground source and further transportation through a pipeline, is a whole complex of technical devices, the main of which is a water pump.

The device of a pumping station with a hydraulic tank

The principle of operation of a pumping station with a hydraulic accumulator is as follows.

Through a hose placed in a well or well, equipped with a coarse filter and a check valve, water is pumped out of an underground source and sent to a hydraulic accumulator. The hydraulic tank, which is a container with a membrane separating the liquid and air environments in it, is responsible for the on and off cycles of pumping equipment.
Water enters the accumulator until the membrane is fully tensioned, on the other side of which there is half of the tank with air pumped under a certain pressure.
As soon as that half of the hydraulic tank into which water enters is filled to the limit, the pressure switch of the pumping station automatically turns off the pump.
After water from the accumulator begins to flow into the pipeline system, the fluid pressure in the hydraulic tank drops to a critical value, and the pressure switch gives a signal to turn on the pump.

The principle of operation of the accumulator

Advantages and disadvantages of pumping stations with a hydraulic accumulator

If we talk about the advantages that a pump with a hydraulic accumulator has, then the most significant of them usually include the following.

In water pipes served by pumping stations with a hydraulic accumulator, which is always full, a constant supply of water is ensured.
A hydraulic accumulator for a pumping station, the main structural element of which is a membrane that creates the required pressure of the liquid medium in the system, ensures the supply of water to the pipeline even when the pump is not operating. However, water will flow into the pipeline when the pump is not working only until it runs out in the tank of the hydraulic tank.
The use of a hydraulic accumulator eliminates such a negative phenomenon as water hammer in the pipeline system.
Water pumps operated in conjunction with a hydraulic tank have a longer service life, as they operate in a more gentle mode, turning on only at those moments when the fluid level in the accumulator drops to a critical level.

To ensure the efficient operation of a pumping station equipped with a hydraulic accumulator, it is very important that the pressure switch that is installed on it is correctly adjusted.

For any water supply system, you can choose the right accumulator

Among the disadvantages of pumping stations with a hydraulic tank, the following can be distinguished.

It is necessary to allocate a decent area for the installation of such equipment, which is explained by the large dimensions of the accumulator.
If the pressure switch fails, the site on which such equipment is installed will be flooded with water.
Features of the hydraulic tank device imply the need for regular (once every 2–3 months) bleeding of air from its tank, which ensures the efficiency of such equipment (the hydraulic accumulator device requires a special valve for this procedure).

Types of accumulators for equipping pumping stations

In equipping a pumping station for a home, various types of accumulators can be used. Such devices can differ from each other not only in their capacity, but also in their design. So, according to the last parameter, hydroaccumulators of two main types are distinguished:

vertical (their design scheme assumes that the valve through which the accumulating air is bled is located in the upper part of the tank);
horizontal (to reduce the air pressure in a hydraulic accumulator of this type, use a special valve installed on the back of the tank).

Hydraulic tanks can be with a membrane or with a pear

In order to understand how a hydraulic accumulator works, you need to know what such a device consists of. The main elements of the hydraulic accumulator design are:

a tank, which is made mainly of metal;
a membrane for a hydraulic accumulator, which divides its tank into two halves;
a nipple through which air is pumped into the accumulator;
outlet pipe through which the water in the accumulator enters the pipeline system.

The device of the hydraulic accumulator of the pumping station

In more detail, the principle of operation of a hydraulic accumulator, which necessarily functions in tandem with a pressure switch, can be described as follows.

The water pumped into the tank of the device compresses the membrane, on the reverse side of which (in the other half of the tank) there is an air environment characterized by a certain pressure.
The pressure of the air in one half of the tank through the membrane acts on the water in the second half of the tank, also creating pressure in it, which contributes to the extrusion of the liquid medium through the outlet pipe under a certain pressure.

The phases of the hydraulic tank

Pump stations without membrane tank

Water supply can also be organized using pumping stations without a hydraulic accumulator. If a good pump and all the necessary automation for the pump are used for this, then such equipment is quite capable of transporting water through the pipeline system under constant pressure. The device of a water supply pumping station of this type includes a pump, as well as control devices and control mechanisms that ensure its operation in automatic mode.

The principle of operation of a pumping station that does not have a hydraulic accumulator is as follows: when a tap is opened at any of the water intake points, the sensors and relays installed on such equipment automatically turn on the pump, which starts pumping water directly from an underground source - a well or a well. As soon as the tap closes, the pump automatically stops working. Thus, the principle of operation of these pumping stations is quite simple, which determines both the pros and cons of this equipment.

House water supply scheme without a hydraulic accumulator

The advantages of pumping stations not equipped with a hydraulic accumulator include compact dimensions, as well as the fact that they are able to create a fluid flow with a greater pressure than stations equipped with a hydraulic tank. Of the minuses of stations of this type, it should be noted that the pumps in them operate in a more intensive mode and, accordingly, fail much faster than in stations equipped with a hydraulic accumulator. In addition, such stations cannot supply water to the pipeline system in cases where there are power outages and the pump stops working.

Automatic pumping station without a hydraulic accumulator with an electronic controller that maintains a constant pressure and eliminates frequent on-off pumps

It is advisable to use pumping stations without a hydraulic accumulator when no more than two people use the plumbing system they serve. When more people live in a country house or in a country house, it is better not to use such stations, preferring equipment equipped with a hydraulic tank.

When installing any pumping equipment described above, it should be reliably protected from exposure to low temperatures. This will avoid freezing of water in the pipeline system and, accordingly, will make it possible to use the pumping station all year round.

Pumping station without a hydraulic accumulator: principle of operation, automation, device

The principle of operation of pumping stations without a hydraulic accumulator. Types, device, as well as the pros and cons of using hydraulic accumulators for pumping stations.

We analyze the principle of operation of the pumping station

By installing a high-quality pump, you can be sure of the uninterrupted operation of the water supply. The efficiency of water supply to the house will depend on the design of the pumping station. Today the market offers two types of pumps: with a hydraulic accumulator and with a storage tank. Each type has its own nuances that affect the operation of the pump.

How a pumping station works: 6 sequential algorithms

A water pump is a kind of unit that provides water to the whole house. The installation improves the efficiency of the water supply system in the house and the safety of the pipeline.

Having carefully studied the principle of operation of the pumping station and the instructions, you can independently install the equipment

Pump operation algorithm:

The pump turns on. At this time, there is a rise of water from the source;
Water gradually fills the system of the device and the hydraulic accumulator until the limit value is reached;
As soon as the maximum value is reached, the pump turns off;
You take a shower, wash your hands in the sink, wash your face and use water accordingly. At this point, the water level in the system decreases;
Water is supplied from a tank or accumulator;
The water pump turns on, and all actions are repeated anew.

This is how a water pumping station works. The circuit diagram for connecting an autonomous pump with a built-in hydraulic accumulator is not complicated. All this can be read in the instructions that come with the pump. The principle of operation may differ from the model you have chosen. But the difference will be insignificant, because the basic principles in all pumping stations are the same.

Now you know how the pump works in the house. Therefore, now you can take a more responsible approach to choosing a pumping station for your home. If any part of the device breaks, you will know what the possible cause of the breakdown is. And if it's minor, you can fix it yourself.

What is included in the device of the pumping station

A water tower for private use on an industrial scale often has pumping stations. But they are also used as a household component. This shows that pumps are widely used both for country purposes and in larger scale industries.

When choosing a pumping station, it is better to give preference to already proven, well-known manufacturers (brands)

The device of the pumping station consists of the basic functions that the unit must perform. The device includes the following components:

Water intake - needed to supply water. It is located in a well or well. Equipped with water intake mesh for filtration. The mesh stops large particles that can enter the pipeline along with the water. The check valve is located in the same place. It, in turn, is necessary to stop the reverse flow of water. This happens when the pressure drops or the pump itself stops working;
Suction line. This is the area between the water intake and the pump;
Manometer together with pressure switch. A centrifugal pressure pump discharges a pipeline that supplies water from a source. At this time, there is an intensive rise and pressure rises, which has critical indicators. The pressure gauge and relay at this time optimize the operation of the pumping station. With their help, the device turns on or, on the contrary, turns off when the values \u200b\u200breach critical values;
Pump station ejector;
Reservoirs. Their water goes to the pipeline.

Each element has its own functions and each element is important for the unified functional operation of the system. Therefore, it is important to buy proven and high-quality pumping stations. It is better to purchase well-known brands of stations. So you protect yourself from fakes.

What you need to know about the principle of operation of a pumping station with a hydraulic accumulator

A hydraulic accumulator is a very useful thing in a pump. The very principle of operation of a pumping station with a hydraulic accumulator differs from a pump that does not contain it.

Thanks to the pressure regulation, the pump with a hydraulic accumulator is considered more reliable.

If you bought a pumping station along with a hydraulic accumulator, then new benefits will open up for you to improve the water supply system. Among them is the ability to put the accumulator next to the pump without changing the height. Such pumping stations have chambers with compressed air. This allows you to control the pressure that may rise during pump operation.

A hydraulic accumulator allows you to supply water through your pipes more consistently than a pump without it.

Setting the pressure level will allow you to influence the level of water that enters the pipes. Of course, this is a huge plus. In this case, you reduce the likelihood of a pipe supply failure in your home due to excess pressure.

If you have a choice of which pumping station to buy: with or without a hydraulic accumulator, then of course take a pump with a hydraulic accumulator. So you protect yourself from premature pipe failure. It will help reduce pressure and prevent your pipes from bursting during the passage of water.

What is a good pumping station without a hydraulic accumulator

A pumping station without a hydraulic accumulator is located in many suburban areas. Its main difference from pumps with a hydraulic accumulator is, as you might have noticed, the absence of a hydraulic accumulator.

A pumping station with a hydraulic accumulator is inexpensive, but has many disadvantages

If the pump does not have one, then most likely it works with a storage tank. This is the second type of pumping stations. This is an old design, but it is still used in summer cottages. The amount of water in the tank can be estimated by the float that is placed in the tank. When the volume of water has decreased to the limit values, then at this moment the sensor is triggered. At that moment, he sends a signal to start pumping water.

The storage tank is very large, so it is used less and less.

Among the disadvantages of the system are:

Low water pressure;
Large tank sizes;
Difficulty of installation;
The storage tank must be installed above the level of the pump;
If the sensor breaks down, which signals an overflow, water can flood the house.

The main advantage of such a pump is its low cost. A hydraulic accumulator is not cheap, so without it you can save money.

A pumping station without a hydraulic accumulator with a storage tank is the last century. Summer residents do not recommend buying it if it is possible to buy a pump with a hydraulic accumulator. Despite the low cost of such pumps, you run the risk of flooding your home with water. Therefore, it is better not to purchase such pumps.

A pumping station today is a stable water supply for your home. People are always looking for comfort, and getting a pump is a great way to have water in your home all the time. Now you have learned how the pump works and you know what is best to buy on the market. Good luck with your purchase and good water pressure!

The principle of operation of the pumping station: a device with a hydraulic accumulator, an ejector, a tank for water supply to a summer house and a house, storage

Pumping station is not uncommon today. It can be found in the dachas of the owners who decided to take full care of their plumbing system. In this regard, new and new models of pumping stations appear on the market. But to buy it, you need to know the very principle of operation of the pumping station.

The principle of operation of the pumping station and its device

The pumping station allows you to increase the efficiency of the water supply system, the safety of equipment and pipelines. The principle of operation of the pumping station and its complex equipment provides protection from external factors and the possibility of uninterrupted water supply even during a power outage. With constant use, permanent or long-term residence in a private house, such a station significantly increases the level of comfort.

Device and principle of operation

In order to understand how a pumping station works for a summer residence or a private house, one should take a closer look at its device and the main functional elements. Consider their sequence in the direction of water movement.

A water intake located in a well or well is equipped with a filter mesh that prevents relatively large particles of impurities from entering the system. A non-return valve is also located here to prevent the reverse flow of water when the pressure drops or the pump stops working.
The suction line is the section of the pipeline from the water intake to the pump.
The operation of a centrifugal pump creates a vacuum in the pipeline supplying liquid from the source, which contributes to its intensive rise, and excess pressure in the line leading to water consumption points to ensure the flow of water through communications. To optimize system performance the pump is equipped with a pressure gauge and pressure switch, the settings of which ensure the switching on and off of the pumping unit when critical values are reached.
The principle of operation of a pumping station for a summer residence would be incomprehensible without clarification - the relay settings are set taking into account the characteristics of the pump, the volume and required pressure in the accumulator and other parameters.
Systems are equipped with tanks from which water is supplied to the pipeline.

The photo shows a diagram of a water supply device based on a pumping station with a hydraulic accumulator

Thus, the principle of operation of a pumping station for a house in stages is as follows:

When the pump is turned on, water rises from the source, fills the system and the hydraulic accumulator until a certain pressure or level is reached. After that, the pump is turned off.
When water is consumed (opening a faucet, using a shower or water-consuming equipment), the pressure or level in the system decreases, which contributes to the supply of fluid from the accumulator chamber / storage tank. Thus, the flow of water from the accumulator is carried out until a critical pressure / level value is reached. After that, the pump is turned on again and the cycle repeats.

Advantages of pumping stations

The device of a pumping station for the home allows you to provide a number of advantages when using:

the ability to supply water in the absence of electricity,
pressure stability in the system,
compactness and low weight of complex equipment,
choice of installation location,
economical operation by extending the service life of the elements of the water supply system and reducing energy costs due to timely switching on and off of the pumping unit,
equipment durability.

Drive selection

Pressure water tanks(conventional tanks located at a height, which makes it possible to supply water to the system by gravity) are increasingly being replaced by more modern and efficient hydraulic accumulators.

Scheme of a pumping station with a storage tank and a submersible pump

The principle of operation of the water supply pumping station in both cases remains the same. At the same time, the undoubted advantages of hydraulic accumulators are the ability to be placed next to the pump (without lifting to a height) and the presence of a chamber with compressed air, which makes it possible to adjust the value of excess pressure and, accordingly, the mode of water supply to the pipeline. Besides, the hydraulic accumulator better ensures the presence and stability of the pressure.

Typical hydraulic accumulators for pumping stations of the budget and medium price categories may have a small volume. If the capacity of the tank, minus the volume of compressed air, is 25-40 liters, the accumulator will be able to work for the system, but it can no longer be regarded as an opportunity to provide a large supply of water in case of an emergency shutdown of the system. In most cases, the device of the pumping station allows the connection of an additional hydraulic accumulator without disrupting operation. If there are frequent power cuts in the house, you should find out in advance if such a possibility exists.

The principle of operation of a pumping station with a hydraulic accumulator

However, the pressure tank also has a certain advantage. Its presence allows you to choose a less powerful (and therefore cheaper) pump. The reverse side of this advantage is the low performance of low-power pumping units, which means that it will fill the tank slowly, that is, the tank must have a large volume.

Pump equipment

Modern manufacturers offer separate submersible pumps or pumping stations with surface pumps. It is believed that the first option is optimal for wells of almost all types, and the second is suitable for wells and Abyssinian springs (due to the minimum width of their casing pipes and the shallow location of the water table).

Indeed, submersible models have the ability to lift water even from very great depths (for example, the height of the casing pipe of artesian wells reaches 100 meters or more).
At the same time, surface pumping units are easy to maintain, easy to revise and periodically inspect. However, in the classical modification, such models are capable of lifting liquid from a maximum depth of 8-9 meters.

The main dilemma is the combination of high lifting height with low productivity and rather modest pressure characteristics for submersible models, and good performance and pressure, combined with the possibility of using only for shallow sources for surface units.

Compromise can be ejector models. The ejector ensures the formation of a rarefied zone in the pipeline due to the pressure difference. The latter arises as follows: in a simplified form, the ejector is a cone-shaped device, moving along which the liquid increases speed as the lumen narrows. In the zone of high flow velocity, rarefaction is formed, which, through an additional hole or pipe, captures liquid from the external environment.

Important: When choosing a model, it should be taken into account that the ejector of the pumping station can be remote or built-in.

equipped external ejector, which is directly lowered into the water source, the pump is able to lift water from a greater depth (depending on the power of the pumping unit and the design of the ejector - up to 25-40 meters). Remote ejectors are more efficient and usually differ in design, representing two parallel pipes (one of them can be replaced by a flexible hose) - vacuum-injecting and main. But they are also sensitive to sand in the water and other contaminants.

Pump station with external ejector

To disadvantages ejector stations with built-in device an increased noise level during operation is often attributed, however, it can become a noticeable hindrance only if the pumping station is located in open space and close to the windows of the house. When installed in a special building (which is often necessary to protect equipment from freezing in winter), thermal insulation also acts as a sound absorber. Arranging soundproofing of the room when installing equipment in the basement is also not difficult and does not require excessive costs. It should be noted that there is no increase in lifting height when using equipment with a built-in ejector, but productivity increases.

Automatic control systems

The presence of automatic control systems significantly increases the cost of the pumping station, so the feasibility of such equipment is determined individually. Experts recommend installing control sensors and automatic regulators with the constant use of the water supply system.

Automation can provide protection against various factors, for example, from the so-called "dry run", when when the liquid level drops, the pump captures air, the pumping station works jerkily, and the pumping unit overheats. In addition, protection from:

increase in temperature (overheating) of the pump,
power surges, etc.

The principle of operation of the pumping station: the device, how it works, the main components

The principle of operation of the pumping station and its device. Basic design elements and their selection. Advantages and disadvantages of various modifications. Control automation.

The device and principle of operation of the pumping station

For some time now, a private house has not lost in terms of its domestic amenities and comfort of a city apartment. This was not always the case, because earlier, if it was located far from centralized utility systems, then a private homeowner was not physically able to create a full-fledged water supply or sewerage system. But, as you know, demand generates supply, and with the appearance on the market of special equipment for household communications, all the "benefits of civilization" that exist today have become available in private homes. One of the very important elements of a modern autonomous water supply system is a pumping station. It can be purchased ready-made, or it can be assembled by hand. Whichever version of this equipment is preferred, in order to operate it correctly, it is necessary to understand the principle of operation of the pumping station.

What you need to know when choosing a unit?

In order to choose the right pumping station for your specific needs, two factors must be taken into account: the technical characteristics of the station itself and the characteristics of the well.

In the first case, the key parameter is performance. That is, the station must ensure the rise of such a volume of water that will fully satisfy all household needs in the house and in the adjacent territory. As for the well, here it is necessary to evaluate its following characteristics:

performance;
depth;
statistical water level - when the pump is not working;
dynamic water level - when the pump is on;
filter type;
pipe diameter.

The vast majority of classic pumping stations are able to effectively lift water from a well, the depth of which does not exceed 9 m.

Properly installed and connected to the water supply system pumping station

As for the pumping station, despite the lack of an official classification, it can belong to one of two categories that are distinguished by practitioners:

with self-priming centrifugal pump;
with self-priming peripheral pump.

Practical experience shows that for a house in which a family of 4 lives, it will be enough to install a pumping station of low or medium power. The volume of the accumulator (if included) which will be about 20 liters. Such stations, as a rule, are characterized by a capacity of 2-4 cubic meters. per hour and a pressure of 45-55 meters.

Typical scheme for connecting a station with a hydraulic accumulator

How is the pumping station set up?

With storage tank

The device of the pumping station, where there is a storage tank, is considered obsolete today, although such options can still be found very often. The fact is that the storage tank is a rather bulky design. The pressure and the amount of water in the tank is controlled by a float. When the water level drops to the set values, a sensor is triggered, which starts pumping. Such a system has long been very popular, despite a number of obvious disadvantages:

water flows by gravity, so low pressure;
large dimensions;
complexity of installation;
the tank must be installed above the level of the station itself;
if the overflow sensor fails, then the overflow of water into the room is inevitable.

With hydraulic accumulator

The device of a pumping station for water supply with a hydraulic accumulator is a fundamentally new approach to creating an autonomous water supply. Complemented by a pressure switch, such a system is the most progressive and is characterized by a much smaller number of disadvantages.

Through the relay, the upper limit of the ambient air pressure is controlled, and in the accumulator it is compressed under water pressure. As soon as the desired pressure value is set, the pump turns off, and will start working again when a relay signal is received about the lower pressure limit. If the water consumption is small, then the pump will not turn on - water from the tank will be supplied to the tap.

General completeness

Regardless of whether a pumping station with a storage tank or an accumulator is selected, in addition to one of these elements, it will be equipped with:

pump unit;
membrane pressure tank, which limits the number of pump starts;
pressure switch;
pressure gauge;
cable;
connector for connection;
ground terminals.

Varieties by type of pump

With built-in ejector

Pumping stations are classified according to the type of working pump, which can be with or without an ejector. The principle of operation of ejector modifications (with a built-in ejector) is that water rises due to the created vacuum. They have a higher cost compared to simpler models, but due to their special design they are able to supply water from great depths - 20-45 m.

Such pumping equipment is characterized by high performance, but the work is accompanied by a high level of noise. For this reason, such a pumping station should be installed in a utility room and, if possible, outside the residential building. Equipment of this type is most often preferred when maintaining a large subsidiary plot and to satisfy gardening needs.

Such a compact appearance has a very productive station with a built-in ejector

With remote ejector

In addition, consumers are offered pumps with an external ejector, which, together with two pipes, is lowered into a well or well. One pipe sends water down to the ejector, which leads to the creation of a suction jet. This design noticeably loses in comparison with the classic ejector pump in terms of its performance.

Such pumps are "afraid" of the presence of air and sand in the system. In addition, their efficiency is much lower. But on the other hand, a station with such a pump can be placed in the house without problems, even if the well is at a distance of 20-40 meters.

Comparative table of operating parameters of a pumping station with a remote ejector using the example of Pedrollo models for giving

Ejectorless designs

When equipping a pumping station with equipment without an ejector, water is sucked in according to a different scheme. In this case, the key role belongs to a special multi-stage design related to the hydraulic part. Such pumps operate virtually silently and with less energy consumption.

In this article, we have reflected only the main options for the design of a classic pumping station. It is these structures that can most often be found in private households. In fact, there are a huge number of pumps, on the basis of which stations are assembled. Everyone can independently assemble such equipment, taking into account their own capabilities and needs.

The device and principle of operation of a classic water supply pumping station

What device of the water supply pumping station will be the most optimal in each case? First you need to know the principle of operation of the pumping station.

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