How to make a wooden fence. Do-it-yourself wooden fence - the correct construction of a beautiful and durable fence (95 photos)

Take a garden drill with an auger diameter of 13 cmand drill to a depth of 90 cm.

In general, having taken out the hedgehog and sent it to the forest, we will lower the pole into the pit. Align it vertically with a level and fill it with gravel, ramming it well with a heavy crowbar.

So that the posts for a wooden fence with their own hands stand at the same height of 150 cm, let's use , a device consisting of two flasks into which water is poured, connected by a hose.

For the veins, we used a metal profile measuring 2 by 4 cm, its desired length and painting. We will attach them to the poles with bolts and nuts. Drill holes in the log and pole, insert the bolt, tighten with a nut.

PREPARATION OF BOARDS FOR A WOODEN FENCE WITH YOUR HANDS

We will build a fence not from a picket fence, but from cleaves 10 cm wide, 2 cm thick. Such material seemed to us more beautiful and interesting. At the nearest sawmill, we ordered pine boards, asking them to be planed on both sides. In order to have less waste, the length of the tesin should be taken 6 meters.

The height of the fence will be 1 m 80 cm, which is enough to hide from prying eyes.

Having marked the board into segments, we cut it with an electric jigsaw. Since the planed board is only on two sides, we will process the edges with an electric planer, placing the board on the edge.

WOODEN FENCE OWN HANDS

We will fasten the boards to the logs with self-tapping screws, with a drill at the end, 41 mm long.

Let's start fixing the board from the edge of the wooden one with our own hands. Then we again take the hydraulic level and attach the second board to the logs at some distance from the first, leveling it in height with this device. We will do this along the entire length of the fence.

The hut is strong with constipation, and the yard with a fence. It's good when the neighbor is close and the fence is low. Without a fence and constipation, you will not be protected from a thief. There is no fence without poles. The higher the fences, the better the neighbors.

Only a few proverbs testify to the fact that since ancient times a lot of attention has been paid to fences. Time passes, technologies and building materials change, but the desire to protect your site with wooden material does not go away. What is the reason for such love for wooden fences, how to make a beautiful wooden fence with your own hands - let's try to figure it out.

Peculiarities

In central Russia, wood has always been considered the most popular building material. Its accessibility made it possible to build huts and baths, make furniture and utensils even for very poor people. Another thing is places where wood is a luxury. In this case, a wooden fence is a sign of the wealth of the owner of the house:

• Thus, the first feature of the use of wood in the creation of a fence can be called a tradition based on accessibility.
• The second feature is a demonstration of wealth or one's own skills and abilities.
• An important factor in the use of such fences is practicality: for example, you can put up the simplest fence to protect livestock, and if necessary, dismantle it and transfer it to a new pasture.
• Environmental friendliness is another feature. A bench placed under the fence will allow you to enjoy the aroma of essential oils emitted by boards or slats. Wood will never be hot or cold like metal. It will perfectly absorb, unlike stone, most of the street sounds.
• If necessary, in most cases, you can replace a fragment of the fence or repair the existing one.
• Limiting a large perimeter (for example, a private house with a garden) is a costly business if you put up a stone or metal fence. But a do-it-yourself braid can do for free.

Summarizing all of the above, we can name two main functions of a wooden fence:

• protection of the territory and households;
• decorative design.

At the same time, it can protect:

• the house and the entire household plot;
• only courtyard buildings with a corral for animals;
• only a front garden;
• flower bed or flower garden.

According to the degree of penetration of the gaze, a wooden fence can be:

• deaf;
• translucent;
• transparent.

Advantages and disadvantages

Indeed, such a fence has a lot of advantages compared to other materials:

• comfortable temperature of wooden elements at any time of the year and day;
• the possibility of self-manufacturing and installation without invited craftsmen and complex tools;
• huge scope for decoration;
• the choice of color depends solely on the desire of the owner, not the manufacturer;
• the ability to apply unusual geometry and shape in general;
• goes well with stone and brick, metal and concrete, mesh and waste material.

It would seem that there are no shortcomings. But this is not so: a wooden fence requires constant care. But if this is done regularly, then he will delight with his beauty for many years.

The service life will depend on the climatic zone and soil quality.

Kinds

Before starting the construction of the fence of the required site, the owner must answer several questions:

• what function should the fence perform;
• what will be its height?
• it will be deaf or transparent;
• How will it open?
• whether additional materials will be used (brick, stone, etc.);
• what will the pillars be made of (metal, logs, bricks);
• what type of wood will be used for pillars and spans;
• whether the help of specialists is required;
• what costs can be expected.

After analyzing all the answers, you can choose one of the types (or combine them):

• Herringbone. Also, such a fence is called a ladder or an American. From afar, the surface resembles deaf siding. Upon closer inspection, you can see that there are gaps between the boards located at an angle. This kind of custom design will protect the site from roadside dust, but will let air flow through. Strong wind will not damage the fence.

• Classic variant- this is a vertical or horizontal tightly fitted canvas. It can be based on a brick or stone foundation, or only on wooden, metal, brick or stone pillars. Such a fence is suitable both for a private house or a cottage, and for a summer residence, that is, for those who want to leave their privacy as such.

• Wattle- the most emotionally warm type of fence. It was invented so long ago that now I can’t remember exactly when. It is still considered commonplace among the Slavic peoples. But recently it is often used as a decorative element for low fences. At the same time, blind high fences are made - wickerwork, which look amazing in combination with other materials.

• barrage ranch style has long ceased to be only American. Style is another matter. In the usual design, such a fence also serves to create a barrier for animals. But there are also beautiful options for fencing the adjacent territories.

You need to be prepared for the fact that this fence will not hide from prying eyes. Yes, and it is suitable for a small area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe fence, possibly a front garden.

• Lattice was once considered an unusual fence. Crossed at an angle of 45 degrees, the slats make the design very airy. Liana-like plants, grapes will perfectly curl along it. Over time, a transparent lattice can turn into a living opaque hedge. Such sections, interspersed with wickerwork or a blank fence, look even more unusual.

• Palisade appeared, perhaps, at the same time as the wattle fence, but it was used to protect the entire village. The strong and strong deaf protection will reliably protect from uninvited guests. Especially if the vertical stakes or logs have a pointed top edge. The durability of such a fence will give the foundation and brick (stone) pillars. But there is also an easier version of the picket fence - bamboo. It does not last as long, but it is much easier to mount it. Moreover, modern manufacturers offer a rolled ready-made fence.

• Fence- one of the most popular types. So much so that they now produce a metal picket fence. This is a universal fence of different heights and widths of pickets. They are easy and quick to attach to wooden veins. If wooden canvases are placed close to each other, then passers-by will be visible from the site, but from the street you can only see what is happening in the yard by stopping. For decorative design of such a fence use paint, varnish. It is made carved and multi-level, combined with other materials.

The picket fence without supporting pillars and crossbars looks completely unusual. Such a fence is also called a palisade, but still the essence is not in the name, but in the aesthetic and functional appeal. Recently, a horizontal picket fence is gaining popularity, as it is more economical and easy to install.

• checkerboard- a mixture of a picket fence, a palisade and a classic fence. In fact, this is a fence, but nailed in two rows (from the street and the yard) in such a way that there are no gaps between the boards and the fence becomes deaf. In this case, both sides are front. In order to protect personal space from sight and encroachment, they make it from wider shtaketin.

Color solutions

Once upon a time, wooden fences were not painted at all. And even now, a rustic picket fence, enclosing an ordinary garden “on the back”, is hardly exposed to paints and varnishes. Nevertheless, they always try to ennoble the fence in front of the house, the front garden.

Color solutions for this choose a variety. Starting from varnishing, so as not to deprive the tree of the pattern given by nature. This method can give larch the color of cedar, and pine - the color of walnut. For the same purpose, as well as for protection against insects, various stains and other impregnating substances are used. This option will bring the color of the fence closer to the color of the pillars, foundation, gate, house.

The wooden picket fence, the lattice and even the palisade are covered with multi-colored paints. Particularly interesting is the palisade in the form of colored pencils. Such a playground fence will protect from road dust, street debris and strong winds.

If the house was painted, then it is logical to cover the fence with paint, creating a single ensemble of the entire estate. To do this, you can use the patterns of flowers, animals, floral ornaments. Sometimes two colors are used for this: for the background and for the template. Moreover, template drawings are most often painted white. In other cases, they draw real pictures on the facade of the house and the fence.

But still, often the tree is left with its appearance. After all, it is for naturalness, warmth and naturalness it is appreciated.

Decor

In addition to paints and varnishes, there are many other ways to decorate wooden fences. Before dwelling on any decor option, you can look at 3D samples on the Internet to see the fence “live” from different angles and in different materials:

• Some types of fencing are fence decor in themselves. For example, a lattice or wickerwork, a checkerboard or a log palisade.
• Shtaketins, burned at the stake or using a burner, will not only get rid of insects and their larvae, but will also become a real designer find in the design of a Russian estate, a robber harbor or Berendey's kingdom.
• The use of stone and brick will give solidity and durability to the entire structure. But it is also a wonderful decorating technique, as such fences look very beautiful.

• Metal is not only a reliable protection for the fence itself, but also a beautiful decorative element. Forged elements will give an aesthetically attractive appearance and reliability to a wooden canvas.
• An old fence can be updated in a non-standard way. If it has not been varnished for a long time, then it will be difficult to do this: it will absorb an incredible amount of paints and varnishes, but at the same time it will no longer have the proper appearance. You can hide this significant drawback by using overhead decorative elements: flower pots, climbing vertical greenery, birdhouses, old waste materials in the form of flat toys, pictures, etc. The fence itself, of course, will not save it, but it will move it away for some time its dismantling and installation of a new fence.
• A photo grid will also help transform an old fence. This modern decorative material will help hide the flaws of any fence. You just need to choose the right material and pattern of the photo grid.

• Log saw cuts are a very beautiful decor option. With it, you can turn a transparent fence into a deaf one, hide holes in the place of damaged pickets.
• Wattle can zone a place of rest in the country. If climbing plants or artificial sunflowers are woven into it, then such a place is stylized as a Ukrainian welcoming hut.

Design style

Looking at photos of various types of fences, you can see that modern design gravitates towards minimalism and urban style. Whether it is worth applying this to a wooden fence is the decision of the owner. But, of course, it is worth paying attention to new trends:

• For example, a combination of wood and gabions with pergons. Metal cages 25-30 cm wide filled with stones and pebbles are pergons. Such cages can act as a support for a tree, a foundation, or a full-fledged section of a fence. Gabion - the same metal mesh with stone, but may have the shape of a larger parallelepiped than pergon. Or maybe, in general, be any other form. Figures - gabions can be sections of the fence or perform a decorative (and at the same time protective) function at the gate or gate.

• A modern palisade is not at all colored pencils made of slabs, but a monumental structure made of timber, made in an urban style. The combination of granite and marble with this type of wood creates a feeling of power and strength.
• Perhaps the mixture of wood, metal and bottle glass can be attributed to eclecticism. This fence has a minimum of wood and a maximum of transparency. A vintage door reminds the owner of the time when this material was collected for their fence. The unusual way of combining wood and glass made this fence exclusive.

• If you want to have a solid wooden fence, then you can think about combining wood with stone or brick. A rustic-style fence is naturalness, massiveness, and reliability. American country style is less rough, but no less robust. A solid fence using brick pillars will serve its owners for a long time.
• The combination of metal and wood will make the fence durable. Such a modern fence can only perform a protective function or be a real product.

Wood is such a comfortable material that it can be combined with any material. The main thing is to turn on the fantasy and choose the style of the future fence.

How to do it yourself?

The quality of the fence depends, among other things, on the type of tree. Pine due to the emitted resins is less exposed to climatic influences. And Siberian larch is a hard material that can withstand heavy loads. In addition, from contact with water, it improves its qualities.

Also use oak, aspen, ash, alder, mulberry. It is not recommended to make birch fences: it is short-lived and quickly cracks. There are also original tree species designed for a large pocket or a reliable bank card. To name just a few: abashi, akazhu, bangkirai, kasai, kekatong, merbau, tiger tree.

The next step after choosing the style and type of wood will be the calculation of the material. It is clear that for this need to accurately represent the project according to the drawing. But still, let's try to calculate the number of pickets for a deaf or translucent fence.

For this:

1. Measure the length of the future fence. For example, 50 m (5000 cm) when using boards 10 cm wide.
2. Calculate the amount of picket fence for a blind fence: 5000 cm / 10 cm = 500 boards.
3. Calculation for a translucent fence: the width of the gap between the boards is added to the width of the fence. For example: 10 cm (shtaketin) + 10 cm (gap) = 20 cm. Therefore, for such a fence you will need: 5000 cm / 20 cm = 250 boards.

If the price is indicated in the store per cubic meter, then in this case the thickness of one board is multiplied by the length and width. The result is multiplied by the number of boards. This will be the number of cubic meters.

For example, the thickness of the fence is 2 cm, length - 200 cm, width - 10 cm. It is necessary to convert the dimensions to meters: 0.02x2x0.10 \u003d 0.004. Multiply the result obtained by the number of boards that are needed for the fence: 0.004x500 = 2 cubic meters of picket fence must be purchased for such a fence.

The number of boards in a cubic meter is counted in reverse order. At the same time, in all cases of calculation, it is necessary to provide a margin for an unforeseen event.

For crossbars and pillars, the material must be selected very carefully. If the fence is translucent, then the distance between the posts is 2 m. For a blind fence, a distance of 1.5 m is determined. The digging depth depends on the soil, usually it is 1-1.5 m.

As a rule, the fence has 2 crossbars. Therefore, the length of the fence must be multiplied by 2 plus up to 5 m of stock - this will be the need for crossbars for a picket fence.

All other options for installing a wooden fence are so individual that they need to be calculated independently. Having decided on the total amount of all building material, you need to take care of the tools. Depending on the type of fence, this set will also be different. You will most likely need the following tools:

• saw, hacksaw;
• jigsaw;
• axe;
• shovel;
• roulette;
• a hammer;
• level;
• rope, twine;
• earth drill;
• screwdriver;
• electric drill;

In addition, you will need building materials:

• picket fence, boards (it is better to impregnate them with a protective compound before installation);
• transverse bars, crossbars;
• supporting pillars;
• pegs for marking;
• sand, gravel;
• cement;
• galvanized fasteners (nails, self-tapping screws, hinges are also covered with drying oil before installation).

The whole sequence of work will consist of several stages:

• support installation;
• fastening crossbars (if the fence is vertical);
• frame sheathing.

Mounting

There are 2 fundamentally different installation options: with and without foundation installation. The first option is more laborious, but more durable. The fence according to the second option is much faster and easier to do. Let's take a look at it:

• Territory preparation. Since the bottom edge of the boards will touch the ground, the area must be cleared of grass, stones and bumps.
• With the help of pointed wooden pegs 60 cm long, the territory is marked out according to a pre-drawn plan. The distance between the pegs is the distance between the future supports. The pegs are looped with a rope, which is pulled tight enough. At this point, you need to check how smoothly the markup is made.
• The pegs are taken out one at a time, and in their place, wells are drilled for supports with a depth of 50 cm (for a flower bed or a low picket fence) to 1.5 m (for a solid massive fence).
• The supports are driven into the ground. There are several installation methods: clogging, backfilling, concreting. But before using any, you need to take care of a wooden support, namely: treat it with a special compound, wrap it with roofing material, cement it into a metal cylinder. All this will save the post from rotting. Install supports with a plumb bob. Usually, the bottom of the pit is sprinkled with sand and compacted tightly, then a post is installed, covered with gravel and compacted again. The sequence is repeated, with each layer of sand wetted with water.

• A nail is driven into the top of each post, after which all the nails are pulled together with a rope. In this way, the pillars are aligned.
• The veins are nailed to the supports. Mounting height may vary. Most often done as follows: the height of the fence is conventionally divided into 3 parts. The lower crossbar is nailed at a height of 1/3, the top - at a height of 2/3. It is important to choose the right nails: too short will not hold the crossbar, too large a diameter will lead to cracking of the wood.
• Fastening the picket fence in a deaf or translucent way. Top edge alignment. Giving it a decorative design with a saw and a jigsaw.
• Protection of support posts with caps (plastic, metal, wood, glass).
• Impregnation and painting. If the boards were installed without pre-treatment, then they should be impregnated with drying oil or a protective compound. You need to do this in 2 layers.

Then the fence is painted.

Paint should be chosen for outdoor work. Or, to preserve the naturalness of the wood, prefer varnish.

Fastening methods

If conventional fastening methods do not suit you, then you can find more interesting solutions:

• Instead of shtaketin use croaker. Such material will decorate the fence in a rustic antique style. A rounded log, on the contrary, looks very modern.
• You can bend the boards in such a way that you get an Austrian braid - a double-sided fence with minimal gaps.
• You can use planken. This is a kind of larch facade boards, in which all corners are beveled or rounded. Due to this, the boards are not fastened close to each other, but with a micro-distance. This method of fastening the planken does not allow the boards to swell from moisture and deform.

• Building wood siding. To do this, the boards are fixed horizontally, starting from the bottom, overlapping by about 25 mm.
• Creation of horizontal blinds. To do this, notches are made in the supports, into which the boards are inserted at a slight angle. This method will practically close the review, but will significantly save the amount of material. In addition, it is ideal for places with strong winds, as the fence will not be subject to wind loads.
• The fence can be mounted diagonally. The complexity of this method lies in the constant measurement of the angle at the beginning of the installation. But such a fence will look great, especially if its upper edge is left in the form of a palisade. With the diagonal method, the fence can also be deaf or translucent.

• You can use the checkerboard method, which has already been mentioned above. Such a fence can be vertical or horizontal. In this case, the length of the shtaketin can be the same or different (a more complicated option, but also more interesting).

If thin untreated birch branches and trunks are passed very tightly through the crossbars, then such a wattle fence will be cheap, but it will protect no worse.

In addition, there are fastening methods when the boards are fastened between the support posts or hiding the posts. The first case will require more time and accuracy.

If the pillars are brick or stone, then other methods are used. Sectional installation of spans between columns is possible here. This work is done with an assistant. It is more time consuming, but the fence will last for a long time.

In order for a wooden fence to please with its appearance for a long time, you need:

• before installation, impregnate the wood with an antiseptic;
• check the absence of anthills at the site of the future fence;
• install a protective visor not only on the support poles, but also above the spans (if this does not fit into the chosen style, then you can try to secure the fence with a glass or polycarbonate visor);
• get rid of grass along the fence in a timely manner, this will reduce the level of humidity;
• after installation, cover the entire tree with a primer, this is done only in dry weather on dry wood;
• once every 2-3 years to carry out its painting.

It is good to protect the wooden fence from fungus and cracking with Swedish paint or yacht varnish.

Many people water the boards with hot drying oil before installation.

Since the untreated board loses moisture under the action of ultraviolet rays, it is the impregnation that neutralizes this drawback. Many use special UV hardeners, which are sold in hardware stores, as an impregnation. They process the boards several times with a primer so that the impregnation penetrates as deep as possible into the wood. After that, the tree is covered with paint or varnish.

Unlike drying oil and varnish, Swedish paint is a homemade composition of:

• 250 g of copper sulfate;
• 250 g iron minium;
• 250 g of table salt;
• 230 ml of drying oil or linseed oil;
• 570 g rye flour;
• 4.5 liters of water.

According to these proportions, you can prepare any amount of paint, but remember: the paint thickens very quickly, so you need to either cook in small portions or paint in several hands. Mixture consumption: 210-270 ml per square meter.

This recipe will give the wood a golden color. To obtain a different color, red lead is replaced with ocher, hydrogen peroxide, or another color component.

Prepare the paint in this way:

• cook a paste from flour and 3 liters of water;
• to remove lumps, the substance is passed through a sieve;
• strained glue is again put on fire, adding salt and vitriol;
• you need to constantly stir the mixture, waiting for the vitriol to completely dissolve;
• while continuing to stir, gradually add drying oil, then water (a liquid composition of a homogeneous consistency should be obtained).

The paint is applied in two layers. Do not forget about fasteners metal elements. They also need to be coated with special solutions from rust. Loose metal parts are reinforced with dowels.

But during operation, the fence may require not only preventive painting, but also repair. If preventive work against rye did not help, then the metal parts are simply changed. If we are talking about wooden elements, then it is necessary to determine the degree of deterioration.

If the pillar-support is loosened, but not rotted, then it is carefully dug up about 20 cm deep and the same width. Aligning the support vertically, the pit is covered with broken bricks and poured with cement. For a few days they put props. The reason for such a game of support is the insufficient depth of the pit during installation and a violation of the installation technology.

If the post is rotten in its lower part, then the entire post or its lower part can be replaced. It's probably easier to replace the entire pole. But if this is not possible, proceed as follows: the pillar is dug out from the side and the rotten part is sawn off. A concrete support is prepared in advance instead of the rotten part. Holes for bolts are drilled in its upper part.

A concrete pile is installed in a pit, galvanized bolts are inserted into the holes. The entire structure is coated with an antiseptic. A wooden pole is put on the bolts, leveled along the slope and fixed with spacers. Crushed stone or broken brick is poured into the pit, and all this is tightly compacted. After a few days, the spacers are removed.

If the pickets have rotted or become unusable, then they need to be replaced. After dismantling, the repair site is treated with an antiseptic and dried, only after that a new board is installed.

The climate of any region of the world will affect wooden fences: somewhere there is too much precipitation, which causes the wood to rot; the hot sun dries it out and causes cracking. Dust storms peel off the paint.

All this warns the owners of wooden fences: only timely care will extend its service life.

Beautiful examples

Above, many examples were given of how, with the help of various types of wooden fence, you can decorate a summer cottage or a country house, a front garden or a flower bed. But there are so many beautiful examples that It is worth paying attention to at least a few more:

• To put up such a wonderful fence, you do not need a lot of money. Only a jigsaw, sandpaper, a carving knife, and the desire of the master to make a real masterpiece out of a simple fence. And even though the fence seems shabby by time, only a true craftsman knows that a fairy tale lives behind it.

• The croaker is a substandard board, and therefore it costs quite a bit. The more valuable such a fence. After sanding and processing, the usual croaker turned not only into a place of rest, but also into a kind of entrance to another interesting and unusual world.

• Such a fence will require painstaking work. A board that, at first glance, does not seem to be edged, is unlikely to be. Careful work with a jigsaw, grinder, coupled with the work of a bricklayer, makes this fence an exclusive, worthy of the highest praise.

• A wooden fence, combined with a stone-metal gabion, makes you stop not only to consider this unusual sight, but also to think about deep philosophical topics. In our life, everything coexists in a strange way: warm wood with cold metal, soft board with hard stone.

• This fence, like the house on the site, is protected from all misfortunes for a long time: strong stone supports, stone foundation, Swedish paint on a checkerboard. A very caring owner took care not only of his property, but also of his own time. After all, such a fence will not need repair for a long time.

• But if the previous option is very expensive, then this one is very budgetary. Such a fence cannot be fully called wooden, rather, combined. And it is subject to every non-lazy owner. With a large number of inserted branches, you can achieve good protection for your site.

• The article mentioned many different options for wattle, but this one is special. So organically, softly, it looks on the site. At the same time, it perfectly zones the entire territory. Here you can drink tea with the company or hide from everyone and sit in silence. The unusual shape of the spiral makes the desire to get to the center even greater.

• To make such a horizontal non-standard checkerboard, you need to think completely outside the box. Different widths and lengths of boards, gaps where they, it would seem, should not be. Beautiful, unexpected, interesting.

• Even if you look very carefully, it is still difficult for a simple viewer to understand how this fence was made. It is convex, as if woven. The transverse beam seems to let the boards through itself. Moreover, the appearance of the burnt wood makes the fence completely unusual.

• And this combined fence again breaks stereotypes: a rounded habitual top and a completely unusual form of connection of two materials. Certainly beautiful. Also such interesting colors.

• The value of this fence is that it decorates not an elite cottage settlement on Rublyovka, but an ordinary rural street. And if the owners of this non-standard house and the Austrian wickerwork created such beauty in an ordinary village, it means that men on Russian land have not yet died out.