The purchase of a product or service. How a product differs from a service: description and differences

Every day we use transportation, health and education services. We purchase agricultural, light industry and pharmaceutical goods. We ask a neighbor to do a small favor, and tell our friend that our favorite store has announced discounts on some products. At the same time, we never think about what such familiar words and at the same time such incomprehensible economic terms as “product” or “service” mean.

Definitions

Service- This is some benefit that one person provides to another. It is also important to understand that the provision of a service necessarily involves some action or the completion of a certain process.

Typically services include:

transport, trade, communications,
finance, consulting,
organization of leisure, tourism, education, medicine, housing and communal services, and much more.

The service sector has become particularly widespread in developed countries. They account for about 70 percent of global exports and imports of services.

Product is a manufactured product intended for sale or exchange. A product must satisfy the human needs for which it was created.

Products can be homogeneous (for example, raw materials) and heterogeneous (there are several components); perishable (for example, food, appliances) and non-perishable (luxury goods).

Form

The product is tangible, it has a material shell. You can touch it and look at it. The company has the ability to store its goods.

The service is intangible. This is a process that cannot be touched, felt and, naturally, cannot be stored in a warehouse. Therefore, in order to interest the consumer in taking advantage of the offer of a particular service provider, it is necessary to create comfortable conditions, an external feeling of well-being, provide a respectful welcome to the client, influence all his senses so that he not only wants to return, but also brings someone else with him .

Pricing issue

The price of a product consists of the cost price, the percentage of profit of the manufacturer and seller, wages, packaging costs, taxes, transportation costs, etc. The manufacturer and seller have no difficulty in calculating and justifying the price.

Setting a price for a service often causes difficulty. The question arises: “where did this figure come from?” And, indeed, it is sometimes very difficult to justify.

Standardized production

The product is manufactured using certain technologies, has an established production procedure and, quite often, must comply with GOSTs. A product, unlike a service, can be patented and ownership rights established over it.

It is not possible to provide the same service twice. Even if it is provided by the same company over and over again, the quality depends not only on the supplier, but also on the clarity of the request, the presence of other clients at the same time, etc.

Ratio of production and consumption

The consumer, as a rule, is not present during the manufacturing process of the product. A product is produced and offered to the buyer in different places and at different times.

The service involves the direct participation of the consumer in the “production” process and the influence of his wishes and requirements on the final result. A service, unlike a product, has the property of simultaneous production and consumption.

Conclusions website

The product is material and tangible, the service is not.
The quality and appearance of goods are constant, services are heterogeneous.
The production of goods is separated from consumption. The service involves the coincidence of these stages.
The service cannot be stored. The goods can be stored.

The transition to the information society was marked by the emergence of commodity relations in the industry of production of information products. Information has become a commodity. At the same time, both in theoretical works on marketing and in practical marketing, there is a certain vagueness in the definition of concepts fundamental to marketing: product, product, service. The noted vagueness exists both in works on general marketing and on marketing of information activities.
In many works there is such a combination as “goods and services”, see for example. Not to mention that the same combination is very often found in distributed databases. In work you can find the combination “product, product or service”.
Why is it so important to clearly formalize these concepts?
The work highlights the following features of services:
- intangibility (they cannot be seen or tried until the moment of purchase);
- inseparability from the source;
- variability of quality (the quality of services varies widely depending on their suppliers, as well as on the time and place of provision);
- unstorability.
There are several strategic approaches to achieving the best match between demand and supply of services.
Many organizations are engaged in information activities, incl. organizations such as the Russian Association of Information Resources for Scientific and Technical Development (Rosinformresurs), which is a unified state information and technology complex, the All-Russian Institute of Scientific and Technical Information (VINITI), the All-Russian Research Institute of Interindustry Information - the federal information and analytical center of the defense industry (FSUE "VIMI), Russian universities and many others.
As you know, today at the state level there is the issue of creating a full-fledged national innovation system, the issue of transitioning the Russian economy to an innovative and technological path of development. This means that in the near future the domestic innovation market will be intensively formed.
The emergence of innovation markets (see), the creation of business incubators cannot but be reflected in information activities.
For organizations involved in information activities, it is very important to determine which marketing objects relate to services in order to best match the demand and supply of services. That is, the vagueness of definitions is not a purely semantic problem, but has a completely pragmatic aspect. Especially when creating information products that reflect innovative activities.
The following definition is known:
“GOODS are a product of labor produced for exchange (sale). The exchange of products as commodities on the market through purchase and sale arises on the basis of the social division of labor.” Moreover, a product produced for one’s own consumption is not considered a commodity.
If P is the set of objects produced by any enterprise, T is the set of objects from among those produced and offered for exchange, then the relation holds
T - P (01)

For many centuries, a product was considered to be such objects (they are often called physical objects) that have color, taste, weight, size, etc. Services were practically non-existent. Goods and products meant the same objects. The whole difference was that only those objects that were subject to exchange were classified as goods.
With the expansion of supply and demand for services, the question arose - is a service a product? Let's turn to the regulatory documents.
The following definition is given: “Product is the result of a process,” and the note provides an explanation:
"Note.
There are four general product categories:
- services (S), for example, transportation;
- software (software), for example, a computer program, a dictionary;
- technical means (TS), for example, an engine unit;
- recyclable materials (M), for example, lubricant.”
The definition given in is written as follows:

T - P = U - PS -TS - M (02)

The following definition is given: “a product is a product of activity (including work, services) intended for sale, exchange or other introduction into circulation.”
The most authoritative textbook on marketing gives the following definition: “A product is anything that can satisfy a need or desire and is offered to the market for the purpose of attracting attention, acquisition, use or consumption. These may be physical objects, services, persons, places, organizations and ideas.”
That is, a service is a type of product. According to the authors of this article, the use of the combination “product and service” is semantic negligence and sounds as incorrect as the expression “people and women.”
The dialectic of Kotler’s approach to the concept of “product” is interesting. In a 1994 paper, he defines 6 types of goods. His 2003 work identifies 10 types of goods.
Unfortunately, many works do not provide clear definitions of each type of product and criteria for classifying them as one or another variety, but only provide explanations.
Thus, we have come close to the question: “What is an information product, i.e. the result of a process called “information activity”?
According to the authors of the article, all types of products of organizations engaged in information activities correspond to the definition given in and described by formula (02). Although such types of products as TC (computers and components) and M (consumables) are more often related goods (products). In this study, we are of more interest to such types of products as U and PS.
It should be noted that PS is not a very good term, although it is defined in the international standard. For organizations engaged in information activities, the main product of which is information, a more appropriate term (according to the authors) would be an information object (IO). We will use this term instead of the term PS.
Let's give some definitions.
An information object (IO) is the result of an information process that can be accumulated for future use and whose properties can be accurately assessed over a certain period of time. These can be databases on electronic or paper media, software on electronic or paper media, technical documentation, etc.
Service (S) is the result of an information process in the form of an action that cannot be accumulated or whose properties cannot be accurately assessed after the service has been performed. This could be training, setting up information support, providing interactive access to information objects, etc.
Innovative information product (IIP) is an information product that reflects the results of innovation activities, i.e. new ideas, programs, projects, concepts, technologies, services that are necessarily used in practical activities.

Thus,

T - P = U - IO (03)

The table below gives examples of classifying information products as one or another type of product.

The question may arise why example No. 8 is classified as a service, since the quality of photocopies of personal documents (passports, birth certificates) can be accurately assessed? Yes, you can, but they cannot be accumulated. These products are produced only after receiving an order and cannot be stockpiled for future use.

The article provides a formalized description of the information product. This formalization is necessary for further theoretical research and has pragmatic significance. The proposed methodology gives marketers of information products a tool that allows them to classify a particular product as an IO or a U. This will allow them to competently take into account the above-mentioned features of services.

Literature
1. F. Kotler. Marketing Basics. - St. Petersburg, 1994.
2. F. Kotler. Marketing, management. 10th ed. - SPb: ed. Peter. , 2003.
3. Marketing, ed. acad. A.N. Romanova. - M.: UNITY, 1996.
4. Modern marketing / ed. V.E. Khrutsky. - M.: “Finance and Statistics”, 1991.
5. Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd ed.
6. GOST R ISO 9000-2001. Quality Management System. Fundamentals and vocabulary.
7. Law of the Russian Federation “On competition and restriction of monopolistic activities in commodity markets” dated March 22, 1991 N 948-1
8. A.N. Ilchenko, D.B. Babaev. New economy: the reality of the information society. - Ivanovo-Moscow, 2004.

Let's start with one cautionary tale. In 2004, Akimbo, an Internet video retailer, found what seemed like the perfect solution: selling a DVR (digital video recorder) along with its Internet movie download service. Product and service were inextricably linked: one made no sense without the other. The benefit for Akimbo seemed obvious: the sale of the set-top box generates a steady income from subscription fees, and in order to more conveniently watch movies, customers purchase its equipment. But Akimbo made a mistake. For the DVR, the less valuable component in this package, she charged no less than $199, although the download service promised the biggest profit. When the company started charging a subscription fee for it, things went wrong. The quality left much to be desired, and customers who had already spent money on an expensive player were outraged by the need to pay for content as well. The idea didn't work out. Akimbo went bankrupt in 2008.

Nowadays, many companies, in order to receive more profit and distribute cash flows in the way they need, are trying to sell goods and services “in one bottle.” It is profitable to release combined products (goods and services combined into a package): this way you can attract additional buyers and spur demand for your offerings among existing ones. There are quite a few solutions of this kind; Apple (which sells iPods along with the iTunes service) and Xerox (copiers and printers in conjunction with maintenance) have them. For these companies, and many others that have followed in their footsteps, hybrids have provided growth or helped them regain ground lost due to declining market share or falling profits.

Package solutions have a great future, but it's easy to get into trouble with them. The fact is that many companies, hoping to make a fortune, do not bother to properly think through the principles of pricing, marketing and sales of their hybrids. Over the past three years, we have analyzed more than a hundred popular complex products from several companies operating in different sectors - both B2B and B2C. Our research has shown that unlucky producers usually break one (or more) of the following four rules: their hybrids are not much different from what competitors offer; they fail to create economies of scale; they do not know how to correctly assess the potential of markets and find the optimal pricing principle; they don't invest enough in the brand.

Before looking at these rules, let's talk about the most common types of hybrids.

Typical hybrid products

How consumers will evaluate a hybrid product and how they will use it is mainly determined by two factors. The first is interdependence: how profitable it is for the buyer to purchase a product together with a service. Let's say a pair of iPod and iTunes is very strong. The second factor is self-sufficiency. Some goods and services cannot exist without each other (you cannot listen to satellite radio without subscribing to satellite broadcasting services) and therefore should only be sold in pairs. Others have stand-alone value: say, the copier will work even if you don't buy a service contract. Typically, such goods and services are sold separately.

From the point of view of interdependence and self-sufficiency, several types of hybrid products can be distinguished.

"Flexible" couple. This principle is especially good when it comes to complex products and services designed to help consumers solve their unique problems. The goods and services themselves are self-sufficient (they can be purchased separately), but at the same time they are interdependent (the value of each component will increase sharply if they can be flexibly combined). Let's take the Oracle on Demand service as an example. Oracle specializes primarily in database management packages. But it also offers consulting and management services, the purpose of which is to fine-tune software to individual user requirements. By purchasing these services, customers get the most out of their Oracle software purchases. The bundled offering fueled the company's rapid growth: revenue from Oracle on Demand grew 75% from 2006 to 2008, and the services now account for about 20% of the company's gross revenue.

"For peace of mind." Hybrid solutions of this type are aimed at consumers who want to know that they are buying the best of the best. Given the weak interdependence of the product and service and the obvious self-sufficiency of each component of the pair, companies can use the promoted brand of the product as a bait - to interest customers in their essentially quite ordinary service, or vice versa: with the help of a well-proven service to attract the attention of consumers to the brand of the product. Let us explain this idea using the example of elevators. Typically, the building owner or contractor purchases the elevator from one company and outsources the maintenance to another. By offering customers high-quality equipment coupled with first-class service, Otis has separated itself far from its competitors, who tend to be strong in one area.

Customers who know Otis as the best elevator manufacturer feel comfortable signing a service contract with its service division. From 2002 to 2008, 90% of Otis' $1 billion in annual operating income came from services.

The “much good” principle. Here, as a rule, products and services are inseparable. Since the components of a hybrid are already largely complementary and interdependent, the source of benefit for the buyer - and the growth of company profits - is precisely the services that complement the base product. For example, a personal digital video recorder from TiVo is useless without its service. TiVo's offering is one of a kind. It makes money by allowing customers to download movies and TV shows from YouTube in high definition, download music, watch movies on demand, etc. At least a dozen TiVo competitors have similar hybrids (set-top box + subscription to a download service); but they are far from matching its range. At the end of the 2008 fiscal year, about 83% of its revenue, or $273 million, TiVo received from the sale of services.

The “one bottle” principle. Consumers do not receive any additional advantages from this combination in itself, but they appreciate the fact that the convenience and reliability of service are combined with the opportunity to purchase the desired product at the same time, without wasting time and effort searching for it. Products and services do not depend on each other and practically do not complement each other, however, the share of companies in customer wallets, as marketers say, increases simply due to the fact that goods and services can be purchased in one place. Regis Corporation ($2.6 billion in turnover) owns 13 thousand hair salons, including the Sassoon, Supercuts and Mastercuts chains operating around the world. It offers hairdressing services and sells cosmetics. Maybe, of course, the purchase of creams and balms does not in any way affect clients’ opinions about the quality of a haircut, but people value the convenience and recommendations of their stylists.

Development of hybrids

Which service to “attach” to the product - that is the question, because different combinations can be promising. The chances that the package will bring stable income are greater if you manage to strengthen the interdependence of the components and further develop the new hybrid. When assessing the potential of certain options, it is important to remember four rules.

Rule 1. Create something that does not yet exist in the markets for goods and services. When considering hybrid product ideas, you must first have a good understanding of the barriers to entry that exist in your target market. Try to answer a few questions.

How many products similar to yours are there already? If there are many analogues, then you can stand out from the rest by accompanying your product with a high-quality service, and vice versa (first of all, we are talking about a “flexible” package and a pair “for peace of mind.”) At Xerox, for example, they realized that living off one only equipment is no longer possible: the quality of copiers and printers that competitors Canon and Ricoh have learned to produce is no worse, although they are much cheaper. But Xerox employees have become true document management experts over the years, and it would be foolish not to take advantage of this wealth of experience. Therefore, since 2007, the company has operated a consulting service: it helps clients publish documents, plan documentation costs and protect important information.

Is the client's problem difficult? If your hybrids are designed to “cure” difficult problems, then you have a better chance of breaking away from the competition—for two reasons. First, your unique value proposition will be very difficult to accurately replicate, and second, it will be difficult (and expensive) for customers to find a replacement for you. Provide customers with a one-of-a-kind flexible pair. While companies such as EMC, HP and Dell make powerful storage devices, IBM has carved out a unique niche in this market with its dedicated Storage Area Network service, which allows users to connect to local storage networks.

Is it possible to improve the quality of the service? When several manufacturers produce a similar product, the quality is approximately the same for all of them. Service is another matter; it can be very different. To offer customers something exceptional, try to combine an ordinary product with consistent, competent service. If your brand has a good reputation, then the service that has not yet been promoted will benefit from its big name. Apple, Xerox, and IBM took advantage of—and even enhanced—the strength of their brands by offering not just a product, but a product coupled with superior service.

Rule 2. Sell the product and service as a package and increase the economies of scale from producing or selling the product. It is possible to increase market share and raise profits through a hybrid only if it has room to “grow.” Let's say that each new razor model brings good profits to Gillette because the company immediately establishes its mass production and sales. But razors are a simple product; something more complex requires more complex services, and the more complex the hybrid, the smaller the market for it. Forward-thinking companies know how to achieve economies of scale: they can, for example, provide different services in one location and thus reduce costs. The Regis chain successfully combines and develops its range of products and services. Its salons offer visitors haircuts, a variety of cosmetic procedures, neck and head massages, and sell hair and body care products. Thus, the fixed costs of service and acquisition per client are lower, and at the same time the company receives economies of scale due to the centralization of purchasing and production of cosmetics. Regis' average gross margin on beauty and hair care products is about 49%, which is higher than its service margin (about 42%).

In 2007, Regis earned about 30% of its total income from the sale of cosmetics (the year before - 25%).

What can be centralized? In order for services that require a lot of labor to bring in good money, they need to be very well organized. Think about how you could provide different services in one place. Or try to reach a wider range of customers by establishing remote or online services (sales, installation, maintenance and technical support). If it is impossible to establish centralized services, try introducing different principles of remuneration so that employees’ incomes depend on the volume of services they perform.

Is it possible to computerize services? To ensure your target audience is as broad as possible, think about how you could bring the Internet to bear and thereby reduce your overall unit costs. Let the Internet become the very link that connects goods and services into a single whole. For example, GE Healthcare sells its low-cost, web-based AssetPlus software along with expensive X-ray and biomedical equipment. With AssetPlus, customers (usually hospitals) can check whether GE has the equipment they need in stock, order instruments and components, schedule maintenance appointments, and monitor changing regulatory requirements. Through its program, GE gains access to customer information and provides technical support to them so that the company can respond instantly to their requests and solve their problems faster and cheaper. As soon as customers start using the service and, as they say, get a taste for it, they become attached to their equipment supplier and it becomes difficult and expensive for them to change it. The service now provides GE Healthcare with approximately 37% of its total revenue.

Which part of the package has the best earnings outlook? The relative market size and profitability potential for products and services often varies; everything depends on the situation. In order for your hybrid to conquer the market, calculate which product or service can bring you the highest profit and choose the right pair for this component - choose it from the most purchased goods or the most popular services. Let's say the market for digital music or MP3 players (products) is huge, but the market for music downloads (services) is even larger. Once Apple gave lucky iPod owners access to the iTunes music store, its revenue skyrocketed. However, the profitability of the iTunes service is less than that of the player product, so Apple earns the main income from its iPods.

How often do people repurchase certain products or services? Goods and services have different, business-speaking, sales cycles: goods, as a rule, people buy much less often than services. Let's say an MP3 player - once every three years, and movies and music once a week. If you correctly calculate - in time and size - the cash flows that come from goods and services, you can increase the profitability of your package offer. Apple, for example, sells new and already popular services through iTunes (some of them designed for new generations of iPods) and thereby stimulates sales of new players - the income from sales of the two parts of the hybrid offering is precisely balanced. Mobile phone providers are also stabilizing their revenue cycle with hybrids. For example, they offer this combination: an expensive handset and an unlimited volume of text messages. At the same time, from each client they receive a fairly large amount for the phone sold, and then periodically make very small payments to mobile providers. Hybrids that primarily fit into the “lots of good” pattern will be especially beneficial if you take into account the difference in the purchase cycles of a product and a service.

What will prevail in a purchasing decision - a product or a service? As for hybrids created according to the “one bottle” principle, then, as a rule, it is necessary to take into account what exactly - the product or service - the buyer will purchase first. For example, many mobile phone sellers offer different communication services and handsets of different brands, including their own. US consumers typically choose a carrier first and then a handset manufacturer. And successful "hybrid" providers like AT&T or Sprint, which have become known primarily as providers, sell well on their own branded phones because they take this selection sequence into account.

Rule 4: Invest in your brand. Once you've decided on a viable package deal, consider branding or sub-branding to take advantage of the halo effect. Get ready to invest money in brand advertising that would promote the product in conjunction with the service and increase consumer confidence in the company. Brand investment is especially important when it comes to hybrids with independent components. For example, thanks to constant investments in its brand, IBM managed to penetrate the market of information storage devices. Although IBM is not a leader in data archiving, it is a leader in information technology services. By backing its hybrid offering with the full power of its brand, IBM extended the inherent attributes of its services—reliability, quality, and expertise—to its servers and recouped its $400 million investment in building them.

For a hybrid to be viable, it is important to understand which products and services work best together and which pairs have the greatest growth potential. If there are few similar products or services on the market, and the consumer’s problem is complex, the ideal hybrid package would be a “flexible” bundle. If you produce a completely standard product, but can organize its mass production or widely provide related services, then act on the “for peace of mind” principle. If the potential profitability of a product or service is high, but its purchase cycles are inconsistent, you'll probably be better off with a "lots of good" approach. If you don’t have to expect big profits, and you know what exactly – a product or a service – consumers choose first of all, then let this become your trump card in a pair created according to the “in one bottle” principle.

Every company thinks about the future. And to generate more revenue and profit, they need to focus more on hybrid solutions. Such packages can attract the interest of new customers and increase demand among existing ones, since hybrids promise consumers something more valuable than the product and service separately. The risks are small, and there are quite a lot of chances to increase profits and earn more working capital. The rules we have introduced you to will help you choose successful hybrid options.

A receipt document is a document confirming the fact that the goods have been received by the buyer.

Go to the “Purchases” menu section, select the “Receipts” menu item, click the “Create” button.

Fill in the fields in the window that opens

Receipt number – set automatically in order. If necessary, it can be changed manually.

receipt date – the date is set at the time the receipt was created. If necessary, the date can be changed manually.

Counterparty – indicates the supplier from whom the goods were received. This can be done in two ways.

Click on the “Advanced search” link and in the form that opens, use the search function to select a counterparty.
Enter the name of the counterparty in the empty field and select the counterparty from the list that appears.

If you need to create a receipt from a supplier that is not in the counterparties directory, click on the “Create a new counterparty” link in the drop-down list.

Agreement – indicates the concluded agreement with the buyer. Agreements with a counterparty can be created when there is a need to track transactions with a counterparty by agreement. For example, if a counterparty supplies your organization with goods and provides transport services, and you need to see turnover and debt independently under two contracts (separately for goods and services). If there is no such need, the agreement need not be created.

Base document type – select the type of document on the basis of which the receipt of goods or services can be made. If, before creating a receipt, you created an order for a supplier, an internal order, or issued an invoice from a supplier, then select the appropriate document type from the drop-down list.

Supplier Invoice / Customer Order / Internal Order – an order or supplier invoice is selected, on the basis of which the receipt composition is filled out. This can be done in two ways.

Click on the “Advanced search” link and in the form that opens, use the search function to select a supplier invoice or order or an internal order.

Enter the number and date of the invoice or supplier or internal order in the empty field and select the invoice or order from the list that appears.

Incoming number – enter the invoice number for the receipt of goods or services from the supplier.

Incoming date – enter the date of the invoice for the receipt of goods or services from the supplier.

VAT accounting – if the product is purchased with VAT and the price of the product or service includes VAT, click on the “VAT in total” button. If a product is purchased with VAT and the price does not include VAT, but it needs to be calculated and reflected in the documents, click the “VAT on top” button. If a product or service is purchased without VAT, click the “Without VAT” button.

Note. If your organization operates without VAT, then in the “VAT” field on the product card, put “ without VAT".

Products/services – in order to add a product or service to the receipt, click the “Add” button.

Adding a product or service

Add products in one of the following ways:

1. Manually one item at a time by clicking “Add”;

2. Adding several positions at once by clicking on “Add as a list”;

3. By adding, using a barcode scanner, clicking “By barcode”;

4. Having added many positions using an Excel file, clicking "Load from Excel"

Quantity – indicate the quantity of goods or services.

Price – indicate the price of a product or service in one of the following ways:

1 Specify the price manually.

2.Substitute the saved price. A saved price is a price that was previously assigned. If you want to assign a new price, click on the “Assign a new price” link. In the form that opens, enter the new price and write down its name. Click the “Save” button, select a new price and the price will be entered automatically.

Prices, if you add products to a list and select the appropriate price type, are offered automatically.

When adding products by barcode, the default price type is used.

Discount – indicate the discount on the product or service in percentage or rubles. The discount is indicated on the total amount of this product.

Delete – to remove an unnecessary item from a receipt, check the box at the beginning of the line and click “delete”. You can delete several positions at once.

Search – used to search for different values within the receipt. You can enter whole words, parts of words or numbers.

Conducted- when checked, the receipt document is included in reports and participates in the creation of other documents.

Without status – a status is inserted that corresponds to the state of the receipt document. If you wish, you can add your status by clicking on “Create a new status” in the drop-down list.

Organization – indicates the organization that receives the goods from the supplier. When you click on the name of the organization, you can change it by selecting it from the list that appears. Each employee has access to certain organizations. Therefore, the list that appears contains only those organizations to which the employee applying for admission has access.

Additional opportunities for admission

Saving purchase prices for goods specified in the document

Printing price tags and labels for goods from receipt

1) Specify the organization for which price tags are printed.

2) Specify the type of selling prices that will be printed on price tags and labels.

3) Select your printer type. The label printer prints one price tag (one label) per sheet. When choosing a regular printer, you can specify the number of price tags in a row on a sheet.

By default, goods from receipt are selected as the goods for which price tags will be printed. However, if you wish, you can add additional products in one of the following ways.

4) Add products one by one manually

5) Add products as a list

6) Add products from a specific group.

7) Add products by barcode.

8) Having selected the desired products, click "Print".

After that, click “Download”, the file will be saved on your computer, opening it, you can print price tags.

Registration of an expense cash order based on receipt

If an organization pays for goods or services in cash, follow the link “Accept cash payment” and fill out a cash receipt order.

Creating an outgoing payment order based on receipt

If an organization pays for goods or services in non-cash form, follow the link “Accept non-cash payment” and fill out the outgoing payment order.

Creating a document for returning goods to a supplier based on receipt

To process an item being returned to the supplier, click on the “Make a return” link. The contents of the document will be filled in automatically based on receipt. You can manually change the composition of the return to the supplier.

Issuing an invoice from the supplier based on receipt

To issue an invoice from the supplier, follow the link “Issue an invoice”. The document will be filled out automatically based on receipt.

Registration of movement of goods to another warehouse based on receipt

To move goods accepted from a supplier to another warehouse, follow the link “Complete transfer” and fill out the document.

On the “Related Documents” tab, you can see which documents were drawn up based on this receipt, and also access these documents.

History of arrival changes

To do this, go back to the receipt, at the bottom of the document follow the link indicating the date next to the word “Changed”. The form that opens shows the history of changes to the document: date of change, user who made the change and action. You can sort by these fields.

Saving the price list for goods from receipt

Every day people use a variety of services and buy a large number of different goods. Society has managed to get used to the opportunities offered, but still does not think about the differences between the concepts of “product” and “service”.

Product and service: concepts

A service is a special benefit that involves the provision of assistance or support from one person to another. At the same time, a certain action must be performed to achieve the desired result.

In what areas are services offered?

Transport system.
Trading activities.
Connection.
Consulting.
Finance.
Organization of leisure time.
Medicine.
Education.
Department of Housing and Utilities.

However, only some of the areas in which services are offered are listed. Various areas of service provision are especially popular and valuable in developed countries, where society values the high level of comfort of their lives. It is these states that traditionally account for about 70% of world exports – imports of services.

A product is a released product intended for sale or exchange. The main objective is to satisfy the human needs for which it was designed and released. What types of products are there?

Homogeneous (for example, raw materials).
Heterogeneous (assuming the presence of several components).
Perishable (food and various equipment).
Non-perishable (luxury items aimed at emphasizing a person’s status).

Form

The product is tangible because it always has a material shell. You can touch the released products if you wish. The company is capable of storing manufactured goods.

A service is intangible, because it represents a certain process that cannot be touched or felt. As a result, warehousing the service becomes impossible. To successfully interact with the target audience, it is necessary to create comfortable conditions that indicate stability and well-being. In addition, clients should feel respectful, respectful, and attentive to their needs. With the right approach, the client will want not only to return on his own, but also to bring someone with him.

Pricing Features

Pricing schemes are unique to products and services. What methods are used most often?

The price of a product includes the cost, a percentage of the manufacturer’s and seller’s income, wages for all employees, the cost of packaging, a share of taxation and payment for transportation services. The manufacturer and the seller can make calculations, on the basis of which a justification for the price will be guaranteed.
Setting the optimal price for a service is not as easy as we would like. In addition, it is impossible to provide justification for a separately selected price.

Features of work activity

Any product must be produced using established technologies, observing numerous nuances of the production process. In most cases, mandatory compliance with GOSTs is assumed. The product allows you to obtain a patent and ownership rights.

The service cannot be provided twice at the same level. Even if the service is provided each time by certain persons, the quality depends on numerous factors: the correct formulation of the consumer request, the presence of other clients during the period of time in question.

Features of the relationship between production and consumption

In most cases, the consumer is not present when the product is released. Products may be offered to the target audience at different outlets and at different times.

The service requires the client’s participation in the production process, as it depends on his personal wishes and requirements. The service presupposes the presence of the property of simultaneous production and consumption.

Product requirements

High level of functionality with the presence of a basic task. In this case, the product must have additional functions.
Mandatory compliance with current norms and standards.
Reliability. It is assumed that there is no risk of failure within a certain period of time.
Durability. It is assumed that the product has a certain operational life.
A service that depends on the speed and quality of goods produced. In addition, a mandatory assessment of the characteristics of the relationship with the target audience is assumed.
Aesthetics. This aspect can only be assessed at a subjective level.
Quality, depending on the image and reputation of the manufacturer.

Service requirements

Performers must be competent.
The service must meet existing customer needs.
The company must guarantee the stable fulfillment of its obligations.
Guaranteed quality of services provided.
Responsive and prompt responses to any customer questions.
The services offered must be accessible.
It is assumed that any needs of the target audience must be understood. Regardless of the specifics of the tasks, performers must strive for the best result.
Communication. The company must provide complete and up-to-date information to customers.
Trust, which depends on the reputation and image of the company.
Clients must be protected from physical, financial, and moral risks.
Courtesy.
The desire for a complete link between supply and demand over a certain period.

Product and service: differences

A product, unlike a service, is material and tangible.
The product has constant characteristics of quality and appearance, the service does not.
The production of a good is separated from its subsequent consumption. The service provides for the coincidence of production and consumption.
A product is available for storage, unlike a service, which cannot be stored.