The choice of cutting wheels for metal grinders. What discs are for grinders? What are the discs for the grinder for metal

Angle grinder (angle grinder, angle grinder) is a tool with which it is possible to perform several types of work. In each case, the use of additional devices is required - special discs and nozzles. Which circle to choose in a particular case?

The sizes of the disks intended for the grinder can be different. Each of them has certain diameters - internal and external. The internal one is linked to the landing size of the angle grinder. For household grinders, it is the same - 22.2 mm. The depth of cut or the area of the surface to be ground depends on the outer diameter of the circle. A larger disc gives a deeper cut. Diameters of external discs for grinders: 115, 125, 150, 180, 230. Circles have different thicknesses. When choosing, you need to give preference to those that are thicker. A thin disc will wear out faster.

Disk types

What are the discs for the grinder? Wheels for angle grinders are classified according to the following parameters:

type of work;
the material from which the circle is made;
the form;
dimensions.

There are special circles - for wood, metal, concrete, artificial and natural stone, etc. The marking says what material the nozzle is suitable for. Each type can be suitable for several types of treated surfaces. For example, a stone cutting disc for a grinder cuts concrete, brick, ceramics, paving slabs, etc. But it is impossible to cut or grind metal around wood or stainless steel with a black steel nozzle. Angle grinders process, including asphalt, plastic, glass, fiberglass. If necessary, you can find special discs for an angle grinder (grinder) on porcelain stoneware, granite, reinforced concrete, marble, ceramics, tiles, bricks, plastic. If you want to save money, it is preferable to look for a universal circle that processes several types of materials at once.

Classification by type of work

By the type of work performed, circles for angle grinders are:

Material classification

Discs for angle grinders are made from several different materials. Each of them has its own characteristics. Types of wheels for angle grinders:

The support plates can be conditionally attributed to the disks for the grinder. They are also called support or disc discs. Plates are made of plastic or rubber. They are used in combination with some grinding, polishing, cleaning abrasive nozzles, emery wheels. The need to use a platter must be clarified when buying a wheel for angle grinders.

Extra options

Grinding discs of grinders play an important role in grain size. The higher its value, the finer the size of the abrasive particles, which means the finer the grinding:

40–80 - pre-treatment;
100–120 - alignment;
180-240 - final grinding.

Grit of flexible backing diamond polishing pads: 50, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000, 1500, 2000 and 3000 (finest grit). The marking on the back says about the graininess.

There are four types of cutting diamond discs:

Solid ("Crown"). They are designed for wet cutting only. The cutting edge is continuous. This type of circle provides faster work, makes even cuts without chipping.
Segment. Segmented discs have evenly spaced slots on the cutting edge directed towards the center. They divide the disk into equal parts - segments. Segment wheels are used when performing dry cuts.
Combined ("Turbo"). The edge of the disk has a toothed shape, consisting of inclined grooves. This type of disc is universal, suitable for dry and wet cuts.
Turbosegment. Their edge is also serrated, but divided into segments, like a segmented disc. Suitable for dry cutting. Special shape improves performance.

During the cutting of many types of materials (concrete, ceramics, etc.) with a grinder, a large amount of dust is generated. It is desirable to avoid harmful consequences for the person performing the work, as well as dust settling on surrounding objects. Therefore, the technique of "wet" cutting is used. During operation, make sure that the cutting edge is moistened with water, then there is less dust.

On sale you can find circles for angle grinders with a flange. The flange securely and quickly fastens the wheel, increases rigidity, reduces vibration, improves processing accuracy, expands the capabilities of the tool, allows you to process "dead zones", flat corners.

Conclusion

A huge selection of circles for various purposes for an angle grinder allows you to perform many tasks with this tool. From the assortment offered by manufacturers, you only need to choose the appropriate disc diameter, material, shape. At the same time, it must be remembered that the high cost is associated with a higher wheel strength, which means that the tool life is sometimes several times longer.

For cutting metal in everyday life, an angle grinder (angle grinder), which is usually called a "grinder", is often used. And consumables for angle grinders are cutting discs.

By appointment, in accordance with the material being processed, there are the following types of discs for grinders:

In contact with

for metal,
by stone.

Let's consider marking, main sizes, main manufacturers, and also compare popular brands in terms of price-quality ratio.

Circle markings

To choose the right cutting disc for metal, it is important read the label correctly.

The manufacturer or brand is required.
Three dimensions should be standard: outer diameter (D) x wheel thickness (T) x bore diameter (H). In practice, only two sizes are often indicated - the outer and landing diameters.
The material on which the disk is intended to work is indicated by the inscription (“metal” - for cutting metal, “concrete” - for cutting stone and concrete) and additionally by color (metal, as a rule, blue, green - concrete). Usually specify the type of metal with an inscription or image:
- Steel - for steels,
- Inox - for stainless steel,
- Castiron - for casting and cast iron,
- Aluminum - for aluminum and non-ferrous metals.
Wheel type: 41 - flat, 42 - with a recessed center.
According to the material of the bond, the disks are divided into volcanic and bakelite, and bakelite circles can be without reinforcing elements and reinforced with two layers of fiberglass. For cutting metal, only reinforced discs are used, they are designated by the letters BU (reinforced bakelite) or Latin BF.

Important! Diamond blades are not used for metal cutting.

An example of decoding the designation

41 180×2.5×22.23 14A63H38 BU 80 m/s 2 class GOST 21963-82
41 - cutting flat;
180x2.5x22.23 - outer diameter 180 mm, thickness 2.5 mm, inner diameter 22.23 mm;
14A - normal electrocorundum (used for the manufacture of discs for metal);
63 H - grain size 63 (medium);
38 - sound index corresponding to medium hardness;
BU - bakelite reinforced (reinforced);
80 m / s - maximum operating speed of 80 meters per second;
2 cells - the second class of imbalance;
GOST 21963-82 - the standard according to which the disk is made.

Selection of cutting discs

The most common cutting wheels for metal are bore tool 22.0 and 22.23 mm. This means that it is suitable for angle grinders with a 22 mm shaft. The second standard seat size is 32 mm, but the outer size of the circle will be from 300 mm and a similar tool is used on machine tools. There are also discs with a hole of 10, 13, 16 mm, but their outer diameter is 50-100 mm and their use is limited.

Circles with a diameter of 115 used on low power angle grinders. A cutting disc for metal for grinders 125 and 150 mm in diameter is used for angle grinders of medium power. On a professional tool, as a rule, cut-off wheels with a diameter of 180 and 230 mm are used.

When choosing a thickness are guided by the following rule: the thinner the circle, the less effort is applied for cutting, and less time is spent, and vice versa, the thicker the disk, the more time and effort will be required. The cutting coefficient of a thin disk is not at all less, but it is safer to work with it. This is due to the fact that thin products have greater elasticity and ability to bend than thick circles.

Correspondence of the thickness of the circles to the most common diameters.

For an outer diameter of 115 mm, the standard thickness is 1.0; 1.6; 2.0; 2.5; 3.0; 3.2 mm with a bore of 22.23 mm;
For D = 125 mm, a thickness of 0.8 is provided; 1.0; 1.25; 1.6; 2.0; 2.5; 3.0; 3.2mm and fit 13, 20, 22, 32mm;
D = 150 mm correspond to a thickness of 0.8; 1.0; 1.25; 1.6; 2.0; 2.5; 3.0; 3.2 mm, and fit 13, 20, 22.23 and 32 mm;
With D \u003d 180 mm, the fit is only 22.23 and 32 mm, the thickness is 1.0; 1.25; 1.6; 2.0; 2.5; 3.0; 3.2; 4.0mm;
The same size of the mounting hole is provided with an outer diameter of 230 mm, with a thickness of 1.6; 2.0; 2.5; 3.0; 3.2; 4.0 mm.

When choosing hardness the principle applies - the harder the material being processed, the less the hardness of the abrasive tool should be. For cutting discs, hardness CT1, CT2, CT3 is usually used - medium hard (O, P, Q) or T1, T2 - hard (T, S). Such a seemingly illogical choice occurs because the hardness of the wheel means the ability of the bond to keep the abrasive grains from chipping under the action of the material being processed. If you choose a wheel that is too hard, then the grains will be "salted", and the cutting efficiency will be significantly reduced.

Bakelite or Vulcanite?

The main difference between cutting wheels on a vulcanite bond and bakelite counterparts is that, due to the greater elasticity of vulcanite, products can have smaller thickness and higher performance. They are used for non-burning thin cutting of metals. Vulcanite bonded wheels can also work in the presence of emulsions, but kerosene destroys them. The main disadvantage of vulcanite is its low heat resistance, only 160-200 degrees. Therefore, with an increase in load and temperature, the disk starts to work worse.

Cutting wheels on a bakelite bond are more heat resistant, but during long-term work and heating up to 250-300 degrees become brittle and sparkle. By the way, it is correct to install the disk on the tool in such a way that sparks fly at you during operation. Then, in the event of a disk failure, the fragments will fly in the opposite direction from you.

Comparison by manufacturers and prices

As a result of the testing of cutting-off wheels of the most common brands, the efficiency coefficient of the discs was determined. The wear of the tool after a series of cuts was measured, and the tensile strength was also checked, for which circles accelerated to speed almost double the declared value.

I would like to add that the market is represented products of many companies not included in this test. Traditionally, high-quality and inexpensive wheels are produced by the Kosulinsky Abrasive Plant, the Krasnogorsk Abrasive Plant, and the Ivanovo JSC ISMA. NORTON brand discs have good reviews and an average price category. The choice always remains with the consumer, and promotion and high price are not indicators of quality at all.

(UShM) - the so-called " Bulgarian"- is one of the most common and versatile tools available in the arsenal of professional and home craftsmen and used in construction, production, and everyday life. The functionality of the angle grinder is expanded by sets of consumables - all kinds of discs and nozzles for various operations using rotational movements of the tool: grinding, polishing, roughing, cutting, sharpening, cleaning, etc.

For example, in the case where the surface area to be treated cannot be perfectly tiled, there is a problem of cutting ceramic tiles. If you have a tile or glass cutter for thinner materials at hand, there will be no questions, but if only a grinder? You should immediately make a reservation: cutting tiles is not at all a profile functional for a grinder, but by choosing the right cutting wheel, you can cope with this task.

The device of abrasive wheels

Cutting wheels for grinders are a round surface with a central hole reinforced with a metal ring for fixing the tool itself on the spindle. The working surface of the disk is made of abrasive particles bonded with a binder. The characteristics of the abrasive, primarily its hardness and graininess, affect the quality of the work performed. Abrasive crumb can be made:

from zirconium corundum and electrocorundum;
silicon carbide;
aluminum oxide and others.

To ensure additional strength and safety during manufacture, the disc is laid in several layers. synthetic reinforced mesh.

So, for processing metals, finishing natural and artificial stones, bricks, concrete and ceramic tiles, various abrasive discs are used. In order to somehow streamline the whole variety of nozzles for the grinder, generally accepted classification and labeling.

Types of cutting wheels

This type of interchangeable nozzles for a grinder is perhaps the most common among others, since various kinds of cutting work account for two-thirds of the total. As a cutting element, cutting discs are used when working:

for metal- the thickness of such a disk due to high torque and serious load is proportional to its diameter and can be 1 ... 3.2 mm with a range of external diameters of 115 and 125 (for small angle grinders), 150 and 180 (for medium), 230 mm (for angle grinders with power over 1500 W);

by stone- such circles are used for sawing concrete, brick, slate, paving stones, ceramic tiles and metal granite (one of the types of diamond discs);

on wood- disks of this type have different sizes of cutting segments and special notches instead of divorce (I would like to note that this type of disk is extremely dangerous in operation, due to the high speed grinder);

stand in a separate class diamond discs with drawing on an external, cutting layer of a diamond dusting. Diamond wheels are used for dry (segmented disc type) and wet (solid disc type) cutting, as well as combined cutting. Materials for cutting can also be different: from stone and metal to plastic and rubber. Read more about diamond discs.

You should also distinguish between discs for professional work and domestic use. For one-time homework on bricks and tiles, inexpensive options from Sparta or Centroinstrument are quite suitable. Professional circles (for example, Distar or Bosch) are 3-4 times more expensive than household ones, but they also differ in durability by about the same times. Such discs are clearly graded according to the type of material - marble, ceramic tiles and porcelain stoneware, concrete and reinforced concrete, refractory. It is highly recommended to use professional discs for their intended purpose. Standard sizes of diameters of various manufacturers vary from 115 mm to 350 and 400 mm.

Grinding and polishing discs

Depending on the type of material being processed and the required quality of its grinding or polishing, discs with different working surfaces are used:

sponge or cloth- are used, as a rule, in combination with special paste-like or liquid agents;
felt solid or made on a plastic base with many transverse, densely set felt petals, also used with polishing pastes;
discs with replaceable sandpaper different thicknesses and finely abrasive for stripping and grinding.

For convenient and high-quality processing of large surfaces, rough grinding of logs and rounding the edges of various products, grinding discs of a special conical shape are used.

Grinding and polishing discs are applicable for cleaning and polishing various types of surfaces to an ideal state: from steel to metal alloy, they are actively used in car services when processing body coatings.

Safety precautions when working with discs for grinders

Any construction tool requires strict adherence to safety rules, and the grinder is no exception. Here are some of them:

When working with any type of consumable a special shield must be used protecting face.
The tool must be held in such a way that the rotation of the disk or nozzle is carried out away from worker a person with him.
Should be individually for each material maintain the desired speed.
Do not use discs, designed to work with one type of material to process materials of another type.
Do not use the tool itself for work, not provided for by its technical characteristics specified by the manufacturers in the passport.

Subject to these simple, but necessary recommendations, the tool will serve happily ever after, and the health of the master will not be endangered.

Summarize: when choosing and buying discs for a grinder, first of all, it is necessary to build on the intended operations and types of surfaces to be treated. And compliance with safety rules when working with them will extend the life of nozzles and tools.

"Bulgarian" in the common people call an angle grinder. It is mainly used for cutting metal. For example, to cut a metal corner or a water pipe with a hacksaw, you need to make a lot of effort, and if you install a cutting disc on the grinder, the work will be done in seconds.

Types of work where a grinder is used

This electric device is a universal tool that allows you to cope with the following types of work: cutting various hard materials (metal, stone, wood), which is the most popular area for using this device; grind (sand, polish) various objects; cleaning the material from paint, glue, rust.

For these purposes special nozzles are used called disks. The most popular are discs designed for cutting. They are installed on the grinder and cut, molded or cut out any materials.

There are jobs that cannot be done without a grinder. For example, cut a square-shaped hole to make ventilation in a garage door made of metal. Of course, in addition to the specification for the different types of surfaces to be processed, there are mechanical characteristics for the discs.

The main one is disk size. With its help, the main possibilities are determined, in particular the depth of cut. However, a significant diameter is not always good:

to use it, you need a large grinder. It should be borne in mind that a powerful angle grinder is required not only to ensure the landing diameter of the disc. To spin a cutter with a diameter of 230 ml, there will be little motor with a power of 1 kW;
a big grinder needs space. For example, cutting off a rusty exhaust manifold stud under the bottom of a car is easier with a small angle grinder that has a small diameter disc. Therefore, many specialists leave half-worn discs to do this kind of work.

One more example of the use of a disc for a grinder for metal, which has a small diameter, can be given. With it, you can cut rebar from reinforced concrete wall when you need to install a switch, or a block of machines for an electric meter. But sawing the corners of the "80s" in order to build a fence or a canopy in the yard can only be done with a disk whose diameter is not less than 150 millimeters.

Cutting nozzle device

Inexperienced craftsmen often ask: “For what kind of work are grinder discs used, what are the circles for this tool?”

The first part of the question has already been answered above. Now comes the answer to the second part.

Circles for this tool are of two types:

abrasive;
diamond.

The most common discs - abrasive. Previously, the abrasive was fragile, which is why it shattered into pieces, injuring the master if there was no protective cover on the grinder. Now, in order to work safely, cut-off abrasive discs have a complex design with multilayer reinforcement.

Between the layers of the reinforcing mesh there is a bonded abrasive made of carbide, aluminum, various corundum and other materials. The main task of solid particles is scraping off a thin layer of metal during cutting or polishing. During operation, the disk grinds, its size becomes smaller. A disc whose wear does not exceed 35% can be effectively used.

Diamond nozzle arranged differently. Diamond chips are applied to its outer radius using a very strong binder. To prevent distortion when heated, expansion grooves are applied to the outer radius, which act as teeth, which facilitate the cut.

All cutting attachments are marked according to the type of material:

green color (cutting ceramic, concrete, stone objects);
blue color (cutting and metal processing).

There are also cutting discs to cut non-ferrous metals, including aluminium. You can, of course, cut winged metal with an abrasive wheel, but the cut comes out of poor quality. To avoid this, specialists can lubricate the circle with soap or wax, supply water to the work area.

But it is better to purchase a special circle for aluminum, it is not too expensive. The abrasive for it is silicon carbide. It will allow you to easily cut non-ferrous metal.

Pros and cons of different nozzles

The abrasive wheel has an affordable price, there is always a wide range and some versatility. But it wears out quickly, which is accompanied by the release of sparks during use, which can lead to a fire.

In the process of application there is an unpleasant odor, which for a long time cannot be weathered. Because of this, the tool is difficult to use indoors.

Discs with diamond chips do not cause the appearance of sparks, there is practically no strong smell either. However, such a circle is afraid of overheating, so you have to take breaks during the application. If a non-segmented wheel is used, liquid cooling is required. Also, its price is quite high.

Grinding disc for grinder

The second, most famous area of use of the grinder is metal grinding. If you use nozzles in a complex and consistent way, then you can get a result no worse than with factory processing on a special machine (which cannot be said about a metal brush or sandpaper).

When the master is experienced, he can process stainless steel or aluminum sheet in such a way that a pattern will appear on them, created by the traces of the circle.

There are two types of grinding wheel:

petal. It acts more gently, grinds embossed surfaces well, but does a poor job of removing hard protrusions;
abrasive. Needed to remove hard unevenness (melting of welds, large burrs during chopping or cutting metals). It can be used to sharpen tools. If you have the skills, you will be able to grind a flat surface, but there is a high probability of error and it takes a lot of time to work.

Ensuring safe operation

Each power tool comes with safety instructions. But remember the main rules:

It must be borne in mind that when cutting, the disk must rotate so that sparks fly at the master, so the grinder will not be able to bounce into his head if the disk jams.

Proper metal cutting for economical consumption of abrasive. The abrasive will be consumed more slowly if you cut metal according to the following rules:

long workpieces need to be cut at the edge, if work is carried out between the support points, then the circle will jam when the cut is compressed;
cutting can only be started when the disc reaches its highest speed;
pressure adjustment should be carried out by feeling the load on the nozzle. When the speed decreases, you need to weaken the effort; when it rises, then the effort should also become greater;
you need to enter the metal smoothly;
if the material is complex, then it is possible to perform reciprocating movements at the point of contact of the metal nozzle;
the corner should be cut in 2 steps, each side in turn. You should also cut the profile;
pauses in work (5-10 minutes each) are needed.

Should be sure to use water to pour it over the cut, but care must be taken that moisture does not get into the body of the electric tool.

Bulgarian is a very necessary and useful tool. Due to the fact that there are a large number of different nozzles for it, it can be used for cutting, grinding and polishing a wide variety of materials: metal, stone, wood, etc. In this article I want to tell you what discs are for grinders so that you can have an idea of what kind of work can be done with this tool. In addition to discs, consider various attachments.

It is worth noting that grinders of different sizes will require discs of different sizes. Also, keep in mind that each wheel or attachment is only designed to operate at a certain RPM, so always keep that in mind when choosing.

Now let's go directly to the topic of the article.

Abrasive discs for metal cutting

These circles are perhaps the most popular to use. After all, most users use the grinder just mainly for cutting metals.

Here, when choosing, the value must be given to the thickness of the disk, as well as to the one who produced it.

The thickness, which varies from 1 to 3 mm, affects the cutting speed - the smaller it is, the faster the cut. In addition, sometimes it is necessary that the incision is as thin as possible, so a thick circle is not used. But it is worth noting that thin circles are consumed faster than their thicker counterparts. In this regard, if the cutting speed is not particularly important to you, you can buy products for 2.5-3 mm.

As for manufacturers, this point is important because of the uneven quality of products from different companies. If you take a product from such famous brands as Bosch or Makita, then they will be spent much more slowly. The price of such discs, however, is quite high. Therefore, for one-time work, you can get by with an inexpensive option, the most popular of which is the products of the Luga plant.

Abrasive discs for stone cutting

This type differs from the previous ones in the composition of the abrasive, therefore it allows you to cut not metal, but stone. Otherwise, all the points that matter for metal discs will also be true for stone circles.

Abrasive discs for grinding metal

They have the same composition as discs for metal. The difference will be that their thickness will not be 1-3, but 6 mm. They are used, of course, no longer for cutting, but for grinding. For example, they are convenient to walk along the welds to level the surface.

With regards to manufacturers, things are the same here as with the previous types.

Abrasive discs for grinding stone

Here the story is similar to the previous paragraph, only the composition of the abrasive is already designed to work with stone.

Diamond blades for stone cutting

It is most advantageous to cut stone materials with such equipment, since, unlike abrasive, they do not decrease in diameter during operation, and in general they serve much longer. Even despite the relatively high price, their use is more profitable.

There are three types of diamond wheels for angle grinders - segmental, turbo and turbo-segment. In the first, the edge has cuts, because of which the circle is divided into segments - hence the name. The second ones have notches along the edge, giving the appearance of a turbine. Apparently that's why they're called that. Still others combine both notches and incisions.

Notches and notches are made for better cooling in order to avoid overheating. It should be said that diamond discs are also smooth, but they require cooling with water, which is why they are used only on tile cutters, since water can be brought to them. True, the Chinese began to make smooth diamond cutters for grinders as well - in this case, you have to work with frequent interruptions. Reputable manufacturers produce them only for tile cutters.

I also note that segmental circles cut faster, but the turbo has much fewer chips on the cut, although it cuts more slowly.

As for quality, it varies from manufacturer to manufacturer. There are also products from reputable companies such as Bosch, and there are also inexpensive Chinese options.

Diamond discs (cups) for grinding concrete

Concrete sometimes has to be not only cut, but also polished. This is where diamond cups come in very handy. Thanks to them, it turns out to quickly process large areas, since their working surface is rather big.

In general, these cups are best used on special electric grinders. They differ from grinders in that they have a different casing that allows effective dust extraction with an industrial vacuum cleaner.

However, this tool is quite expensive. For this reason, many get by with a grinder, if it is not critical that a dust cloud will form.

Flap discs for grinding

These circles are a base to which sandpaper petals are attached along the edge of the circle. The sandpaper here can be of various grain sizes - large for quick and rough work, fine for fine finishing.

They are most often used for sanding wood, but no one forbids sanding surfaces from other materials with them. Due to their small thickness, they manage to crawl into rather narrow places.

One of the most common applications of such a wheel is sanding the logs of a log cabin of a bathhouse or a house.

Their wear occurs relatively slowly, so one copy can process quite large surfaces.

Round nozzle with Velcro

Special circles of sandpaper can be attached to these nozzles with Velcro. With their help, you can quickly grind flat surfaces of a large area. Unlike petal discs, such a nozzle works on the entire surface, and not just on the edge. Therefore, the processing speed is higher.

True, with its help it is not very convenient to work, for example, on concave and other non-flat surfaces. It is better to use petal circles on them.

There are also felt polishing wheels for these nozzles. True, it is not recommended to use them on angle grinders, since they have too high a rotation speed. There are special polishing machines for felt wheels. They may look like a grinder, but differ in that they have a maximum rotation speed of about 800 rpm, while grinders, even with speed control, have a minimum speed of 3000 rpm.

Corsets

These are quite popular nozzles, which are a base with pieces of wire attached to it. The wire can be fluffed or twisted. Its thickness can also vary to give different rigidity.

There are quite a lot of shapes and sizes of corsets. They are used for various purposes, mainly for metal processing. They can clean the surface of old paint or rust. They can also be used as a final finish for a metal product, when the surface after brushing is no longer processed.

These are the main discs and nozzles that can be used on angle grinders. Using them, you can do completely different work with one tool. I hope this information was useful to you. And this concludes the article - see you soon!

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