Safety requirements for firing from pm. Safety precautions when firing small arms

4. Anti-noise headphones and goggles are put on and corrected before the start of the exercise, and removed on command. In this case, these actions are performed in the absence of a weapon in the hands of the shooter.

leader (assistant leader) of firing.

MM PISTOL MAKAROVA

PURPOSE AND COMBAT PROPERTIES PM

9 mm Makarov pistol is a personal weapon of attack and defense and is designed to defeat the enemy at short distances.

The performance characteristics of the PM

The most effective fire	up to 50m
combat rate of fire	30 shots/min (1 shot/2sec)
Muzzle velocity of the bullet	315 m/s
The lethal effect of the bullet is preserved	350m.
Cartridge weight	10g.
Chuck length	25 mm.
bullet weight	6.1 g
Magazine capacity	8 rounds
PM weight with magazine without cartridges	730
PM weight with loaded magazine	810
PM length	161mm
Height	126.75mm
Barrel length with chamber	93mm.
Number of grooves
Caliber	9mm.

muzzle energy	320 J (494 J PMM).
The force applied to the trigger to release the cock from the cocking	2 - 3.8 kg

MAIN PARTS AND MECHANISMS OF PM

Bolt with striker, ejector, safety catch and sighting device.

FLY PIECE

The ejector consists of:

Heel for connection with the shutter;

ejector spring;

3. Return spring.

Screw handle.

Shutter delay.

7. Shop:

Store building;

Feeder;

Feeder spring;

Magazine cover;

GUN PACKAGE INCLUDES

1. spare magazine;

2. wiping;

3. holster;

4. pistol strap (turret cord).

1.Trunk- serves to direct the flight of the bullet. Inside it has a channel with 4 grooves, winding from left to right. The rifling serves to give the bullet a rotational motion.

2.fields- gaps between grooves.

3.bore gauge- distance between two opposite fields in diameter; for PM it is 9 mm.

From the breech, the outlet channel is smooth and of large diameter, it serves to place the cartridge and is called the chamber.

On the breech of the bore there is a tide for attaching the barrel to the frame post and a hole for the barrel pin. At the tide and at the bottom of the chamber there is a bevel to guide the cartridge from the magazine into the chamber.

The outer surface of the barrel is smooth, a return spring is put on the barrel

4. Frame serves to connect all parts of the gun. The frame with the base of the handle is one piece;

5. Handle base serves for fastening the handle, the mainspring and for placing the store;

6. trigger guard serves to protect the tail of the trigger from accidentally pressing it;

7. Gate serves to feed a cartridge from the magazine into the chamber, locking the bore when fired, holding the cartridge cases (extracting the cartridge) and cocking the trigger.

Outside the shutter has:

Fly for aiming;

Transverse groove for rear sight;

Notch - between the front sight and the whole;

Window for cartridge ejector (cartridge);

Fuse socket and 2 recesses for fuse holder;

A notch on both sides for the convenience of retracting the shutter by hand;

Groove for the passage of the trigger - located at the rear end of the bolt.

Inside the shutter has:

Channel for placing the barrel with a return spring;

Longitudinal ledges for guiding the movement of the shutter along the frame;

Tooth for setting the shutter to the shutter delay;

Groove for reflector;

Cup for placing the bottom of the sleeve;

A rammer for sending a cartridge from the magazine to the chamber;

Channel for placing the drummer.

8. Drummer serves to break the primer, has a striker in the front, a cut in the back, for a fuse that holds the drummer in the shutter channel. The striker is made 3-sided in order to reduce its weight and rubbing surfaces.

9. Ejector serves to hold the sleeve (on the cartridge) in the shutter cup until it meets the reflector;

10. Fuse serves to ensure safety when handling a pistol;

11. Rear sight together with the front sight serves for aiming;

12. return spring serves to return the shutter to the forward position;

13.trigger serves to strike a striker.

14.Whispered- to hold the trigger on the combat and safety platoon.

15.Trigger pull with cocking lever serves to pull the trigger from the combat platoon and cock the trigger when firing by self-cocking.

16.Action spring serves to actuate the trigger, cocking lever and trigger pull; it is attached to the handle with a clip;

17. screw handle covers the combat windows and the rear wall of the base of the handle and serves for convenience, holding the pistol in your hand;

18. Shutter lag holds the bolt in the rear position when all the cartridges are used up;

19. Score serves to accommodate 8 cartridges.

GUN- the weapon is self-loading, since it is automatically reloaded during firing. The operation of PM automation is based on the principle of using free shutter recoil.

A bullet under the pressure of powder gases is ejected from the bore. The shutter, under the pressure of powder gases at the bottom of the sleeve, moves back, holding the sleeve with the ejector and compressing the return spring. The sleeve, when meeting with the reflector, is thrown out through the shutter window, which, when retracted to the rearmost position, turns the trigger on the trunnions back and puts it on cocking. Having moved back to failure, the shutter, under the action of a return spring, returns forward, while the rammer advances the next cartridge from the magazine and sends it into the chamber. The bore is locked by a free shutter. The pistol is ready to fire again.

When all the cartridges from the magazine are used up, the shutter becomes on the shutter delay and remains in the rear position.

DISASSEMBLY PM

Disassembly of the gun can be incomplete and complete:

incomplete- for cleaning, lubricating and inspecting the disassembled pistol.

Complete- for cleaning when heavily soiled, after finding PM in the snow, in the rain, when switching to a new lubricant and during repairs.

Frequent disassembly of a combat pistol is harmful, because. accelerates the wear of parts and mechanisms.

PM FIRE DELAYS

WAYS TO REMOVE THEM

DELAYS	REASONS FOR THE DELAY	WAYS TO REMOVE THE DELAY
1.Misfire. Shutter in extreme position. The trigger is down. The shot didn't happen.	1. Cartridge primer defective 2. Grease thickening. or contamination of the channel under the drummer. 3. The exit of the drummer or nicks on the striker is small.	1. Reload the pistol and continue shooting. 2. Inspect and clean the gun. 3. Send the gun to the workshop.
2. Non-coverage of the cartridge by the shutter. The shutter stopped, having reached the extreme forward position. The trigger cannot be released.	1. Contamination of the chamber, frame grooves and shutter cup. 2. Difficult movement of the ejector due to contamination of the ejector spring or yoke.	1. Send the bolt forward with a hand push and continue firing. 2. Inspect and clean the gun.
3. Non-feeding or non-advancement of a cartridge from the magazine into the chamber. The bolt is in the forward position, but there is no cartridge in the chamber, the bolt stopped in the middle position along with the cartridge, not sending it into the chamber.	1. Contamination of the magazine and moving parts of the gun. 2. The curvature of the upper edges of the store case.	1. Reload the pistol and continue shooting. Clean pistol and magazine. 2. Replace the faulty magazine.
4. Sticking, infringement of the sleeve by the shutter. The sleeve was not thrown out through the window in the bolt and wedged between the bolt and the breech section of the barrel.	1. Contamination of the moving parts of the gun. 2. Malfunction of the ejector, its spring or reflector.	1. Throw away the stuck cartridge case and continue firing. 2. If the spring ejector or deflector is defective, send the gun to a workshop.
5.Automatic shooting.	1. Thickening of lubricant or contamination of parts of the firing mechanism 2. Wear of the cocking cock or sear nose. 3. Weakening or wear of the sear spring. 4. Touching the shelf of the ledge of the fuse of the sear tooth	1. Inspect and clean the gun. 2. Send the gun to the workshop. 3. Send the gun to the workshop. 3. Send the gun to the workshop.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS FOR HANDLING FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION

1. Permission to open fire is given only by the leader (assistant leader) of firing.

2. It is allowed to fire at the commands "Fire" or "Forward" from the firing line or firing lines according to the conditions of the exercises.

3. Shooting stops on commands “Stop. Cease Fire" or "Hang Out".

5. Shooting stops on its own when people, cars, animals, as well as low-flying aircraft appear on the target field above the shooting area, when malfunctions of the target equipment are detected, a fire breaks out, delays in shooting, raising a white flag (lantern) at the command post or dugout (shelter), when a signal is given by a white fire rocket.

When shooting, it is prohibited:

1. Uncover a weapon or remove it from a holster without permission

leader (assistant leader) of firing.

in the direction where people are, or in the direction of their possible appearance.

3. Load the weapon with live or blank cartridges, as well as

bring the manual fragmentation grant to READINESS for throwing without

team leader, (assistant) leader of firing.

4. Open and fire without the command of the leader (assistant

head) firing, from a faulty weapon, in dangerous directions (including outside the boundaries of a shooting gallery, shooting range or range), above bulletproof ramparts or enclosing walls, if any, with a white flag (lantern) raised at the command post of a shooting range, shooting range or polygon.

5. Leaving weapons, ammunition or grenades on the firing line or

anywhere, as well as transfer them to other persons without the permission of the leader (assistant leader) of the shooting.

In case of violation by employees of the requirements of this Manual, firing will immediately stop. An employee who violates security measures is removed from the shooting, and he is given an "unsatisfactory" rating. This employee is obliged to independently study the basics of the use of weapons, the rules of shooting, the materiel and performance characteristics of weapons and ammunition, safety measures when handling them, delays in firing and ways to eliminate them, and pass a test for the theoretical part of fire training. An employee who has not passed the test is not allowed to practice shooting.

MM PISTOL MAKAROVA

The receipt (delivery) of weapons and ammunition for firing is carried out in accordance with the established procedure.

Safety during firing is ensured by:

Accurate compliance by employees with established security measures when handling weapons and ammunition.

Proper organization of firing and high discipline of employees.

Clear and competent management of ongoing activities.

Serviceability of weapons, ammunition, imitation equipment, bullet receivers, anti-ricochet and fire-fighting equipment, lighting, means of amplifying speech and transmitting commands.

The boundaries of an open or semi-open shooting range, shooting range and range are indicated by alternating inscriptions; "Shooting range" or "Stop, shoot" or "Passage and passage is prohibited", which are established within good visibility, as well as at the intersection of trails and roads leading to their territory. If necessary, the boundaries of the shooting range, shooting range and range can be dug in trenches. Roads and footpaths are blocked by barriers or other barriers. About the upcoming firing, notification sheets about the time and place of the firing by the body, organization, unit of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia are sent to the local government on whose territory an open or semi-open shooting range, shooting range and range are located, and announcements are posted in nearby settlements in Russian and local ( national) languages about the prohibition to enter, enter the territory of a shooting range, shooting range or range during shooting. Unauthorized persons should not be in the shooting range, shooting range and range.

Permission to open fire is given only by the leader (assistant leader) of firing. It is allowed to fire at the commands "Fire" or "Forward" from the firing line or firing lines according to the conditions of the exercises. Shooting stops on commands. “Halt, cease fire” or “Hang up” or independently when people, cars, animals, as well as low-flying aircraft appear on the target field above the shooting area, if malfunctions of target equipment are detected, a fire occurs, delays in shooting, raising a white flag ( lantern) at the command post or dugout (shelter), when a signal is given by a white fire rocket.

Anti-noise headphones and protective goggles are put on and corrected before the start of the exercise, and are removed at the command of the head (assistant head) of firing. In this case, these actions are performed in the absence of a weapon in the hands of the shooter.

When shooting, it is prohibited:

Uncover the weapon or remove it from the holster without the permission of the leader (assistant leader) of firing.

Point a weapon, whether loaded or not, in the direction where people are or in the direction they might appear.

Load a weapon with live or blank cartridges, as well as bring a hand-held fragmentation grenade into readiness for throwing without a command from the head (assistant head) of firing.

Open and conduct fire (grenade throwing) without the command of the leader (assistant leader) of firing, from faulty weapons, in dangerous directions (including outside the boundaries of the shooting range, shooting range or range), above bulletproof ramparts or enclosing walls, if any, with a raised a white flag (lantern) at the command post of a shooting range, shooting range or range.

Leave weapons, ammunition or grenades at the firing line or anywhere else, as well as transfer them to other persons without the permission of the head (assistant head) of firing.

The shooter must not touch the trigger (including in the pauses between shots when firing in unlimited time), except for the moments of aiming and firing. In this case, the weapon must be directed towards the targets.

When performing exercises related to turns, turns, somersaults, jumps, movements, until the moment of opening fire, the weapon is put on the fuse. The weapon must not be pointed at the shooter.

To ensure safety measures when shooting, as well as to prevent bullet ricochet when performing exercises from short distances, it is recommended to move the firing line and the target line to the required distance from the bullet catcher or use protective goggles for employees.

When firing a handgun:

It is forbidden to use ammunition if: there is rust, bruising or green deposits on the sleeve; the bullet wobbles in the muzzle of the case; the primer protrudes above the surface of the bottom of the case or is damaged.

It is forbidden to hold it by the barrel near the muzzle and by the body, where there are moving parts.

With the bolt moving freely, the grip must be such that the bolt does not injure the hand (arm).

If for some reason the cartridge was thrown out of the chamber, then the shooting should be continued until all the cartridges are used up, and at the end of the shooting, report to the leader (assistant leader) of the shooting that the cartridge (cartridges) has not been used up.

1. Students who have passed a medical examination and safety briefing are allowed to take classes in shooting.

2. Risk of injury:
- when firing from a faulty weapon;
- in case of violation of the rules of shooting;

There should be a first aid kit in the shooting range, equipped with the necessary medicines and dressings to provide first aid to the injured.

Safety requirements before starting classes

1. Listen carefully to the instruction on safety when shooting
2. Enter the shooting range calmly, slowly.
3. If you have poor eyesight, wear glasses.
4. Lay gymnastic mats on the firing line so that their surface is flat and comfortable for shooting from a prone position.

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Safety requirements during classes

1. Perform all actions only as directed by the teacher (teacher).
2. Do not take a weapon on the firing line, do not touch it and do not approach it without the teacher's command.
3. Do not load or reload weapons without the teacher's command.
4. Do not take a loaded weapon out of the line of fire.
5. Do not leave a loaded weapon in the line of fire.
6. Do not point weapons (loaded, unloaded, disassembled, training, defective) to the rear, to those present and to the sides.
7. Get ammo only in the line of fire.
8. Load weapons only in the line of fire at the teacher's command "Load!"
9. Keep the weapon loaded with the hammer or open bolt out of the line of fire, as well as in the line of fire from the start of firing to the end.
10. Keep the weapon in the line of fire with the barrel down or up at an angle of 60 degrees. In the direction of the shooting.
11. Do not aim at targets from unloaded weapons if there are people in their location.

Safety requirements in emergency situations

1. If you feel unwell, stop classes and inform the teacher about it.
2. In the event of a fire in the shooting range, immediately stop classes. At the command of the teacher, in an organized manner, without panic, leave the shooting range.
3. In the event of an injury, immediately report the incident to the teacher.
4. In case of violation of the requirements of the shooting rules instructions, you will be immediately removed from the shooting range or from the shooting range.

Safety requirements at the end of classes

1. After shooting, unload the weapon, make sure that there are no cartridges left in it.
2. To clean the weapon as directed by the teacher in a special place.
3. Inspection of targets should be carried out only after the shooting is complete.
4. Thoroughly wash your face and hands with soap.
5. Tell the teacher about all the shortcomings found during the shooting.
6. Responsibility for the organization of shooting, preparation of the shooting gallery and the shooting range rests with the persons organizing and conducting the shooting.
7. Responsibility for order in the range and at the shooting range and for the observance of safety measures during shooting rests with the leader (instructor, coach).
8. Only students who have passed a medical examination (with the participation of a neuropsychiatrist) are allowed to jam.

In the shooting range and at the shooting range it is strictly prohibited:

Conduct firing from faulty weapons;
- take a weapon on the firing line, touch it or approach it without a command (permission) from the head of shooting;
- load or reload weapons before the command of the shooting leader;
- to direct the weapon (in whatever condition it may be: unloaded, training, faulty, disassembled) to the sides and rear, as well as to people;
- to aim at targets from unloaded weapons, if there are people in their location;
- remove loaded weapons from the line of fire;
- be on the line of fire, except for the next firing shift);
- leave a loaded weapon in the line of fire;
- to shoot simultaneously from a pistol and a rifle, not observing an interval of 10-15 m between the shooters.

Special requirements:

1. The issuance of cartridges is carried out by order of the head only on the line of fire. If the display of hits is made after each shot, then only one cartridge is issued to the shooters.
2. Loading of weapons is carried out only on the line of fire, after the command of the chief of fire "Load!".
3. Cleaning of weapons is carried out only in specially designated areas.
4. Shooters who violate the rules for shooting are subject to immediate removal from the shooting range or from the shooting range.

The shooter must:

1. keep the weapon loaded with the trigger or open bolt out of the line of fire, as well as in the line of fire from the beginning of the shooting until it ends;
2. keep the weapon in the line of fire with the muzzle of the barrel only in the direction of fire up or down (at an angle of no more than 60 ° to the direction of fire), regardless of whether it is loaded or not;
3. at the command "Unload!" (during breaks in shooting, at the end of shooting, when leaving the line of fire, when handing over the weapon to another person) unload the weapon and make sure that there are no cartridges left in it.
4. All accidents that occur during shooting should be reported immediately to the nearest medical center and local police authorities.
5. Archers are prohibited from:
- shoot from a faulty weapon;
- direct the bow away from the target;
- shoot without ridges and shoulder pads;
- shoot to the left or in front of the shooter;
- start shooting without the permission of the coach;
- go to the line of fire without permission (special signal).

Safety measures when handling weapons and ammunition are regulated by section V of the Manual on the organization of fire training in the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation, approved by order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation of November 13, 2012 No. 1030dsp "On approval of the Manual on the organization of fire training in the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation" :

Safety during firing is ensured by:

1. Exact observance by employees of the established security measures when handling weapons and ammunition.

2. Proper organization of firing and high discipline of employees.

3. Clear and competent management of ongoing activities.

4. Serviceability of weapons, ammunition, imitation equipment, bullet receivers, anti-ricochet and fire-fighting equipment, lighting, means of amplifying speech and transmitting commands.

The boundaries of an open or semi-open shooting range, shooting range and range are indicated by alternating inscriptions: “Shooting range” or “Stop, shoot” or “Passage and passage is prohibited”, which are established within good visibility, as well as at the intersection of paths and roads leading to their territory . If necessary, the boundaries of the shooting range, shooting range and range can be dug in trenches. Roads and footpaths are blocked by barriers or other barriers. About the upcoming shooting, notification sheets about the time and place of the shooting by the body, organization, subdivision of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia (Appendix No. in Russian and local (national) languages about the prohibition to enter, enter the territory of a shooting range, shooting range or range during shooting. Unauthorized persons should not be in the shooting range, shooting range and range.

Permission to open fire is given only by the leader (assistant leader) of firing. It is allowed to fire on commands "Fire" or "Forward" from the firing line or firing lines according to the conditions of the exercises. Shooting stops on command "Stop, cease fire" or "Hang Out" or when people, cars, animals, as well as low-flying aircraft appear on the target field above the firing area, if malfunctions of the target equipment are detected, a fire breaks out, delays in shooting, raising a white flag (lantern) at the command post or dugout (shelter), when signaled by a white fire rocket.

Anti-noise headphones and protective goggles are put on and corrected before the start of the exercise, and are removed at the command of the head (assistant head) of firing. At the same time, these actions are performed in the absence of a weapon in the hands of the shooter.

When shooting, it is prohibited:

1. Uncover the weapon or remove it from the holster without the permission of the leader (assistant leader) of firing.

2. Point the weapon, whether it is loaded or not, in the direction where people are, or in the direction of their possible appearance.

3. Load weapons with live or blank cartridges, as well as bring a hand-held fragmentation grenade into readiness for throwing without a command from the leader (assistant leader) of firing.

4. Open and fire (grenade throwing):

without a command of the leader (assistant leader) of firing;
from faulty weapons;
in dangerous directions (including outside the boundaries of a shooting range, shooting range or range);
above bulletproof shafts or enclosing walls, if any;
with a white flag (lantern) raised at the command post of a shooting range, shooting range or range.

5. Leave weapons, ammunition or grenades on the firing line or anywhere else, as well as transfer them to other persons without the permission of the leader (assistant leader) of firing.

When performing exercises related to turns, turns, somersaults, jumps, movements, until the moment of opening fire, the weapon is put on the fuse. The weapon must not be pointed at the shooter.

When firing a handgun:

Ammunition must not be used if: there is rust, dents or green deposits on the case; the bullet wobbles in the muzzle of the case; the primer protrudes above the surface of the bottom of the case or is damaged.
It is forbidden to hold it by the barrel near the muzzle and by the body, where there are moving parts.
When holding a weapon with a free movement of the shutter, the grip must be such that the shutter does not injure the hand (hand).
If for some reason the cartridge was thrown out of the chamber, then the shooting should be continued until all the cartridges are used up, and at the end of the shooting, report to the leader (assistant leader) of the shooting that the cartridge (cartridges) has not been used up.

Course work

on the topic: "Safety measures when shooting from small arms and handling ammunition"

Introduction 3

Introduction

Currently, the Russian army is armed with a wide range of small arms, easy to handle and highly effective in combat, however, improper handling of weapons, as well as ammunition for them, often leads to casualties among military personnel.

The safety of the use of small arms is ensured by strict observance of the requirements of security measures, knowledge of the personnel of their functional duties and a clear organization of the firing.

In this paper, the author considers security measures during combat and training shooting from small arms, as well as special security measures when handling grenade launcher shots. The author considers the topic of this course work relevant for the comprehensive training of an officer of the Russian Army.

1. Safety measures when firing small arms

1.1 Safety measures during firing practice

Safety during firing is ensured by a clear organization of firing, precise observance of the firing course, established rules and security measures, and high discipline of all servicemen.

At each object where firing is carried out, taking into account its characteristics and local conditions, an instruction on safety measures is developed, which the personnel of the units launched for firing should know.

Personnel who have not mastered the safety measures are not allowed to fire and maintain fire.

Each soldier must strictly follow the safety measures when shooting.

The commanders of units and subunits bear full responsibility for the exact observance of security measures by their subordinate personnel.

The boundaries of the shooting range are marked on the ground with signs: “Stop, they are shooting!”, “Access and passage is prohibited!”, Installed in a direct line of sight from one another and at the intersection of paths and roads. If necessary, the boundaries of the shooting range can be dug in trenches. All roads and hiking trails are blocked by barriers or blind barriers. In addition, in the settlements closest to the shooting range, announcements are posted in Russian and the language of the local population about the prohibition to enter the territory of the shooting range without the permission of the head of the shooting range.

The commanders (chiefs), who are in charge of the shooting range, through local authorities explain to the population what the installed warning signs and signals mean, what kind of danger persons who enter the territory of the shooting range during shooting, touch unexploded ordnance and items of imitation equipment are exposed to.

In addition, notices (alerts) are sent to local authorities, institutions and military units located close to the shooting range (training center) about the conduct of shooting and the prohibition of passage and travel to the territory of the shooting range (training center) during such and such a period. The notification is made against receipt in the notification sheet of military units, local authorities and institutions of nearby settlements about the time of firing at the shooting range (headmistress, training tactical field) of the military unit. The signed sheet is kept at the headquarters of the unit (training center) for one year.

Before shooting, the target field must be inspected and people, animals and vehicles must be removed from its territory.

Movement at the target is permitted only on roads and in areas specified by the head of the training center.

It is forbidden to enter (leave) areas where there are unexploded shells, mines, bombs, fuses and other explosive substances. These areas should be marked with pointers and signs with appropriate warnings.

It is forbidden to touch unexploded shells, mines and other explosive objects and imitation means. Report each unexploded shell (grenade), imitation charge to the senior shooting leader and the head of the training center in the prescribed manner.

In the absence (loss) of communication between the crews of firing combat vehicles and the firing leader, it is prohibited to open and fire; the fire immediately ceases also in the event of a fire on the target field and in the territory of the exit space, when the crews of firing combat vehicles lose their orientation and when they lag behind neighboring combat vehicles by more than 100 m.

At the ceasefire signals and at the commands “Stop”, “Cease fire”, combat vehicles (shooting) cease fire, stop, the weapon is unloaded and put on the fuse (electric starts are turned off).

It is forbidden to open hatches and get out of combat vehicles until they return to their original position (until the command “To the vehicles” is given).

It is allowed to leave the shelter after at least 10 seconds after the explosion of a defensive and anti-tank grenade.

If a loaded combat grenade was not thrown (the safety pin was not removed), it should be unloaded only on command and under the direct supervision of the leader.

Firing by each shooter must immediately stop independently or at the command of the leader in the following cases:

The appearance of people, cars or animals on the target field, low-flying aircraft and helicopters over the firing area;

Falling grenades outside the safe zone or near the dugout occupied by people, and loss of communication about the dugout;

Raising a white flag (turning on a white light) at the command post or in the dugout, as well as giving another established ceasefire signal from the dugout (explosive package, smoke bombs, rockets, etc.);

Report or submission from the cordon post of the established signal about the danger of continuing firing;

The outbreak of fire on the target field. For a cease-fire, the “End fire” signal is given and a white flag is displayed (a white lamp is turned on) instead of a red one, and the command “Stop, cease fire” is also given. All firemen must immediately receive the signal “Hang up” and, remaining in place, cease fire without waiting for commands or signals from their commanders.

From the “Hang up” signal to the “Fire” signal, it is forbidden for anyone to be in the firing position (shooting place) and approach the weapon left on it.

1.2 Strictly prohibited

Load weapons with live and blank cartridges, as well as live and inert grenades until the “Fire” signal (command of the head, commander);

To point the weapon at people, to the side and to the rear of the shooting range, regardless of whether it is loaded or not;

Open and fire from faulty weapons, faulty ammunition, in dangerous firing directions, with the white flag raised at the command (district) post and shelters (dugouts);

Leave a loaded weapon anywhere or transfer it to other persons, leave an individual weapon in a firing position (shooting place) without the command of a leader (commander);

Be present to people and place ammunition, explosives and combustible substances behind a hand-held anti-tank grenade launcher in a 90 ° sector and closer than 30 m;

Abut the breech section of the grenade launcher barrel against any objects or into the ground;

Use grenades with external damage;

Remove the protective cap from the head of the fuse of a combat grenade when firing in rain and heavy snow;

There should be no shrubs or tall grass in the immediate vicinity ahead of the shooting range;

When firing from a trench, the breech cut of the barrel of a hand-held anti-tank grenade launcher should not be closer than 2 m from the rear wall of the trench;

To fire from a machine gun with a device for silent and flameless firing (PBS) with ordinary cartridges;

Enter (leave) the areas of the shooting range (training center) where there are unexploded combat grenades and other explosive objects; these areas are restricted areas and must be fenced, marked with signs and signs with appropriate warnings, for example: “Danger!”, “Unexploded grenade - do not touch!”;

Disassemble combat grenades and troubleshoot them;

Touch unexploded grenades, shells and other explosive objects; each unexploded grenade (shell) immediately after detection must be marked with a pointer with a warning inscription and reported to the head of the shooting range.

When carrying out firing and throwing combat hand grenades, in addition, one should be guided by the safety measures established for each type of weapon in the relevant manuals (manuals) on shooting and in the Service Manual of the Training Centers of the Ground Forces.

2. Safety measures when firing small arms in combat

In combat conditions, preparation for firing is extremely simplified. Responsibility for compliance with safety measures during firing rests with the unit commanders.

The use of small arms is allowed only to persons who have a sufficient amount of knowledge about its structure and the procedure for using it. A serviceman must clearly know the marking and purpose of ammunition (armor-piercing, incendiary, lighting, blank, etc.). It is forbidden to equip stores with blank and live ammunition at the same time.

The weapon must be in good technical condition. Shooting should be carried out only in the direction of the enemy. It is forbidden to use ammunition that has signs of severe corrosion, it is forbidden to equip stores heavily lubricated with grease in order to avoid rubbing of cartridges and firing delays. In the field, automatic weapons are lubricated only with liquid gun grease. When moving across the terrain, the weapon must be put on the fuse (if the combat situation allows). Fire opens at the command of the commander.

Otherwise, the soldier is guided by the rules for handling specific types of weapons.

Many types of small arms are allowed to fire between and behind the flanks of their units, as well as over them.

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Safety requirements for firing from pm. Safety precautions when firing small arms

Introduction

1.2 Strictly prohibited

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