Examples of the layout of rooms in the attic. Cozy house with an attic: projects, photos of interiors and useful tips

The attic project in private housing construction is especially popular and, I must say, deservedly so. very rational and economical and, what is also important, interesting. , whose design scheme is relatively simple, can become a reality in skillful hands.

However, this does not mean that designing an attic is impossible in a finished house. But, one way or another, in any case, the design of the attic floor should allow you to make the most of the new space.

What are attics

In order for the room under the roof to actually be comfortable to use, it must meet certain requirements: to have a convenient shape, lit and.

The attic floor can have a very different geometric shape - broken or triangular, with symmetrical or asymmetrical sides.

Attic layout photo: options for the location of the roof relative to the walls of the building

The floor can be located on one side of the building or located across its entire width, both within the outer walls and beyond their boundaries.

Attic floor layout photo: types of floors under the roof

In the latter case, the floor project necessarily provides for the installation of additional supports, some kind of walls, columns or suspensions.

Attic wall project with reinforced concrete pillars

But in any case, from all these options, the following types of attic floors are ultimately obtained:

• separate single-level floor;
• floor with a two-level development;
• two-level organization of the last floor of the base building with the formation of a mezzanine floor.

Roof options

The outer walls of the attic floor usually have two parts:

• vertical, which, as a rule, is made of wall material used on the lower floors;
• inclined, the frame of which is the truss system, and the outer skin is the roof.

How these parts will relate to each other in the project depends on its design.

Important: - the main factor in the project, which determines its layout, usable area and ease of movement.

Types of attics according to the shape of the roof

There are quite a few varieties of attic-type residential structures in terms of the shape of the roof, but we will focus on some of them.

Shed. Such a roof avoids sidewalls, however, its frame makes it possible to move quietly only in one part of the under-roof space.

House with a shed attic

Dvuhskatnaya. A more complex roof configuration than a shed roof provides more design options. The height of the walls of the attic floor in this case is sufficient for the construction of ordinary and even balcony ones.

Projects of gable attic floors

The usable floor area is significantly larger if the project roof rests on a vertical, attic wall. Its optimal level is determined when designing a room, taking into account the width of the house and the slope of the slopes. The calculation of this type of attic is quite simple.

Attic photo projects: a large slope of a gable roof makes it possible to get significant usable space

A broken roof is a gable roof with broken slopes with a silhouette either concave inward or, conversely, curved outward.

Sloping gable roof

The usable floor area under a four-slope roof of the house is less than under a gable one. A large number of creases and bevels in the under-roof space reduces the ability to freely design the rooms of an attic apartment.

An interesting project of a country house with a hipped roof

On a note: by design, the mansard roof is quite complex, but by creating rooms of different heights under it - both with low ceilings and with a height of more than 1.9 m, you can make the most of the attic space.

Typical attic project

The height of the attic floor is a parameter on which the usable area depends, which means that the type of roof space can be determined from its value.

Cross-sectional design of the subroof structure

• With a vertical wall height exceeding 1.5 m, this is a full-fledged floor, and at a distance of half a meter from the vertical wall, you can already move freely without tilting your head. If the height of the attic exceeds 2–2.1 m, then in terms of comfort it will not be inferior to a typical room.
• An ordinary attic, one- or two-level, is obtained if the minimum height of the attic walls is 0.8 m, and the maximum is 1.5 m. Such a design has sufficient functional potential.
• In the absence of vertical walls or if their level does not reach 0.8 m, the resulting low room is called a semi-attic.

Important: when developing an attic project with your own hands, you must follow the requirements of SNiP. For example, the level of partitions, if the slope is 30 degrees, should be more than 1.2 m.

Making the space under the roof functional and comfortable is not an easy task and requires extraordinary solutions. But still there are certain rules that it is desirable to follow. This concerns the purpose of the room, for example, a narrow small attic is more suitable for, and a high attic is more suitable for the living room, or, in the junction areas of inclined slopes with overlap, that is, the floor, you can build in wardrobes, put shelving, etc.

Rooftop living space layout

When arranging a bedroom, two important requirements should be considered:

• from floor to ceiling should be at least 2.2 m;
• and from the level of the bed - 1.4 m.

Such rationing is necessary so that you can sit comfortably in the room and, even with high growth, walk without problems, without bending.

Attic proportions

As a rule, it improves the proportions of the room in the under-roof space. This is especially true in the case of rooms with a small area and a significant height, especially under the ridge.

Advice: the space above the ceiling can be adapted to store things that are rarely used.

Arrangement of the joint space

If the ceiling is not made in the room, then you can not hide the structural elements of the roof. The absence of a ceiling will increase the space and add height to the room.

Original bedroom under the roof

How to calculate the attic area

Such quantities as the size of the attic, height, angle of inclination and its area are closely interconnected. According to the norms of SNiP, the minimum height of a dwelling under a roof should be 2.5 m.

Calculation of the height of the room depending on the slope of the roof

The calculation of projects should reflect the measurement of the real area in relation to the useful one. According to building codes, the calculations take into account the attic area with the following initial data:

• a slope of 30 degrees - the level of the narrow part of the slope is 1.5 m;
• tilt 45 degrees - 1.1 m;
• starting from 60 degrees - 0.5 m.

When calculating the area of ​​structures with smaller heights, the total area is multiplied by a reduction factor of 0.7. In this case, 1.2 m is taken as the minimum level of the walls at 30 degrees, 0.8 at 45–60 degrees, and with a slope starting from 60, it is not limited.

Attic calculation

An example formula for calculating the area for a roof with a slope of 45 degrees.
Пп = A * L + 2В * 0.7 * L = L * (A + 1.4B), where
Пп is the surface area of ​​the floor of the room; A and B - its width at a height of at least 1.1 m and 0.8 m, respectively, L - its length; 0.7 is a reduction factor for areas with a lower height.

The project requires accurate calculations, so it is more advisable to use computer programs specially designed for design. It is much simpler and more convenient, besides, the risk of making mistakes in the calculations is disproportionately lower.

Thinking about building your own house or even a summer house, you want the house to be beautiful, unlike the neighboring ones, comfortable and functional. It would also be nice if it was inexpensive. A mansard-type roof allows you to solve almost all of these problems. The appearance of the house turns out to be interesting, and the building can be decorated in different styles - it is probably impossible to count all the combinations of roofing, the type and shape of the roof, windows and balconies. As for the cost, it is worth talking separately.

The combination of slopes directed in different directions gives a very unusual effect. Exactly such a house you will not call ordinary

How much does it cost to build an attic

The device of the attic floor is considered beneficial due to the fact that there is no need to spend money on building walls. This is only partly true.

Firstly, a lot of money will be spent on creating a truss system. Its cost depends on the type of mansard roof chosen (see below) and on the price of lumber in your area.

Secondly, you will have to pay a considerable amount for. It is clear that roofing material alone is far from enough to provide the required air conditions for residential premises (if the attic is planned to be residential). You will have to insulate, and the layer of insulation should be significant. For example, for central Russia, a layer of high-density mineral wool should be from 200 mm, plus a layer of waterproofing and vapor barrier.

Thirdly, windows are much more expensive. If you make them auditory, they construct a special structure from rafters, which complicates the relief of the roof, and therefore increases the cost of materials and installation. Even on an ordinary gable, you have to think about the arrangement of valleys and snow retention above the windows.

The second option - windows in the roof plane - require especially careful sealing so that precipitation cannot get inside. This makes the installation more expensive by 1.5-2 times. The windows themselves cost about the same amount: they must have a reinforced frame and reinforced glass that can withstand snow loads. In addition, for maintenance, the frame must be swivel, and this is another increase in cost.

Two types of windows are installed in the attic - vertical and in the plane of the roof. Both types can be used in the same project. The photo below is a good example of such a combination. You can’t say for sure that the house is unforgettable. How many more options could there be?

A multi-level mansard roof is also a common technique.

In addition, such popular and inexpensive roofing materials - metal-based materials such as profiled sheets, metal tiles, roofing iron - are not recommended for use when constructing a mansard roof of a private house. There are two reasons:

1. High thermal conductivity. Due to the fact that metal conducts heat very well, it is necessary to lay a large thickness of heat-insulating materials. Otherwise, it will be too hot in the attic in summer, and cold in winter.
2. Increased noise level created by the coating during rain. Even an ordinary metal-covered roof sounds like a drum when it rains. The attic is much larger in area and the “tool” is more powerful. If you can fight the noise level inside the room with additional sound insulation, then on the street you can’t remove the sound with anything. If the neighbors' houses are at a considerable distance, this may not be a problem, but if the development is dense, conflicts may arise.

If you calculate well, additional thermal insulation and sound insulation will minimize the cost savings when buying roofing material. Perhaps another, more expensive initially roofing, will turn out to be more profitable as a result. So here you need to calculate the options.

All this was described so that you have a more complete idea of ​​whether it is really so cheap to build an attic floor. It turns out - not so much. However, this solution has its advantages:

• The attic floor is light. Therefore, the foundation for private houses will need only a little more powerful than with the construction of one floor. Since the cost of the foundation is a significant part of the cost, then the gain is tangible.
• If there is a shortage of funds, the insulation of the attic and its commissioning can be delayed for the required period. And this delay will be useful. That's why. During construction, wood of high humidity is almost always used. If you start warming immediately, moisture will be absorbed into the thermal insulation. If the "pie" is made correctly, it will go away naturally. But if there are violations, problems can arise. If the roof under the roofing material will stand for some time without insulation (but with waterproofing necessarily laid under the roofing), then the wood will dry well and there will be fewer problems.
• The attic allows you to make the house original and non-standard. In any case, the building turns out to be more expressive and individual - there are a lot of design options.

We tried to most fully describe the cons of the mansard roof and its pluses. If the difficulties did not frighten you, choose which design you like best.

Types of mansard roofs

The roof of the mansard type used in the construction of private houses has various device options. You can make all existing types of roofs, except, perhaps, flat. All the rest can be implemented both in a "pure" form and in combination.

Shed

Houses with shed mansard roofs look non-standard. Her device is the simplest due to the lack of a skate and the problems associated with its arrangement. The beams rest on a Mauerlat fixed on multi-level walls. The bevel is formed due to the difference in the height of two opposite walls. In this case, the slope angle should be in the region of 35 ° -45 °. A smaller slope will lead to the accumulation of a large amount of snow, which requires strengthening the load-bearing beams and installing additional supports, and this reduces the already not very large living area in such an attic floor.

If we talk about the external design of the house, the buildings look non-standard. Most often, a large window is made in the high wall of the attic floor: the design itself is conducive to this. See the photo below for examples.

The shed roof device is the cheapest if the distance between two opposite walls does not exceed 4.5 meters: you can lay standard length beams on the walls and not make supporting structures. Apparently this is the reason for the decision in the photographs below, but it turned out very interesting.

If the distance between the walls is less, the design is quite simple.

gable

A gable mansard roof is the most widespread: with a general structure, there can be many solutions. The design itself is the most optimal: at a relatively low cost, it allows you to meet various requirements for the required area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room.

The easiest way is to implement an attic under a conventional gable roof, but its height should be sufficient so that a living space can be allocated under it (if the floor is supposed to be made residential). May be:

• symmetrical - the ridge is located above the middle of the building;
• asymmetric - the skate is offset from the center.

The fronts are straight. The room turns out to be trapezoidal, in fairly wide buildings one can single out a square one. The disadvantage of a gable roof of a mansard type is that a large space is cut off on the sides, which is not always acceptable in private houses. So that considerable areas do not walk, they are used for storage or closets.

With such a device, windows are made in the roof, their location depends on the angle of inclination. They can be auditory, as in the photo above or in the plane of the roof, as in the photo below.

There is another version of the mansard roof of a private house with two slopes - one and a half floors. It is installed on walls driven out to a certain level. The house is then called "one and a half floors" (one of these houses is in the photo above).

These are two types of gable mansard roofs. There is a third one - broken ones. They can be distinguished into a separate category - the device has significant differences.

broken lines

The device of a broken mansard roof is both more complicated and simpler. In fact, these are the same two slopes, but consisting of two parts with a different slope. Such a structure allows, without spending money on building walls, to get a living space that is only slightly smaller than on the lower floor (by about 15%). In this sense, its device is simpler. But the truss system has a more complex structure, and in this sense, its device is more complicated.

The construction of a broken mansard roof is the most commonly used variant of the truss system - with the removal of part of the rafters beyond the wall surface. Thus, an overhang is formed that protects the junction with the walls from precipitation.

It is this type that is most common in self-construction. It easily allows you to increase the usable area, build on small buildings such as a garage, or get additional, almost separate, housing. Since the materials used in construction are usually light, the bearing capacity of the foundation is usually sufficient, but the calculation does not fit. ().

A small room made of logs below, and on top - a vast attic, based on racks

Four slope

These are already complex systems that must be calculated. The surface is large, the cost of insulation increases significantly, at the same time, the size of the attic space decreases: parts of the premises are cut off from all four sides.

Their advantage is high resistance to strong winds: all surfaces are inclined and the wind load does not press so hard on the slopes. The structure is such that the overhangs can be made low, protecting the walls from the effects of precipitation and winds. In addition, houses with such roofs are considered by many to be the most attractive. The classic version is hip.

One of the types of four-pitched roofs is a hip and attic room under it. You can stand in full growth only in the central part

With their device, inclined rafters are reinforced - they account for most of the load. In general, its rafter system is one of the most complex, material-intensive and, therefore, expensive. So that you can evaluate the entire amount of work and costs, consider its design in the photo below.

On the top picture you can see all the stops, cuts that need to be put, on the second, the structure and location of the rafters are more clearly drawn.

There is also a transitional option - half-hip. It is a cross between a gable and a hipped roof. In this case, the hip is made only for part of the height of the floor.

Only the main types of mansard roofs are described. There are also combinations. For example, a hip can also be a broken line, like a lean-to. There are really a lot of options. The main thing is not to make gross mistakes when developing the truss system, and then to implement everything correctly.

Mansard roof with balcony

How skylights are made in the roof has already been described above. Almost the same principle is used to build balconies. There are even special window systems that allow you to do this in the slope surface. Although the implementation is simpler, such a window costs decently.

If the bearing capacity of the walls allows, by increasing the size of the dormer-type window, you can make a hanging balcony.

The balcony area can be supported by columns. Only in this case, the removal is done above the entrance. Then the columns organically fit in, and also serve as decoration.

The balcony on the pediment of the house with an attic is built according to a different principle. The overhang extended forward protects it, if the wall allows, the platform is made hanging.

In small houses, more often a balcony is made due to the fact that the pediment of the attic floor is shifted from the load-bearing wall. Due to this indentation, a platform is obtained. Peaks in such roofs are made by continuing the roof at least to the same level with the outer wall, and even better - further. This ledge will also protect the gable wall and reduce the amount of rain that will fall on the open area.

The design of this type of roof is such that by extending it you can even make a covered terrace. Its edge can rest on a decorative wall or on pillars.

The complexity of this project is long rafters

A similar idea was implemented in this project, but the roof here is multi-gabled. It is difficult to calculate it yourself, it is even more difficult to make valleys correctly, because they are rare

If we talk about non-standard solutions, then the "L"-shaped mansard roof - from two sheds, it will turn out to be functional. In addition, this is an inexpensive way to decorate such a non-standard building.

"G" shaped shed mansard roof

In most private houses there is a problem of arrangement attic rooms. In the tradition of our region, this room has always played the role of a technical floor, which is destined for the role of insulation and removal of stove smoke. But gradually, with the advent of new materials and modern ones, homeowners began to understand that attic room- this is a great opportunity to expand the living or useful area of ​​​​the entire cottage.

It turns out that with proper insulation and ventilation, it can accommodate a living room, bedroom, bathroom or even a kitchen, in general, any of the rooms. At the same time, you will have at your disposal a unique design of such a room, which will distinguish it from a number of other similar ones.

Attic room design

Planning loft room design always begins, based on the shape of the roof - this is the defining element for the entire external appearance of the room. The roof can be single-pitched and gable, but it can also be tent and hip.

Accordingly, its inner surface will also have significant differences because of this, and ideally, it is the configuration of the future that should be the leading argument when choosing the type of roof.

For example, for a shed roof or a wide gable roof, the problem of mastering a low wall becomes relevant, which in these cases can be literally half a meter high. Whereas for a tent or hip structure, there may be a problem with lighting, an insufficient number of window openings, since the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe roof, and, therefore, the premises, is large enough.

The second recommendation is inextricably linked to the operational characteristics of the room, because for, say, a children's bedroom or bathroom, there will be differences in humidity or the need for heat, air conditioning, and so on.

Therefore, it would be desirable to already know in advance what functions this residential area will perform. Such knowledge will allow you to competently make exactly the materials that are needed (and not all in a row, which will lead to an unnecessary rise in price), as well as lay all communications, such as organizing forced ventilation or making warm floors.

It is the topic of ventilation that should always be given special attention when developing loft room project, after all, as we know according to the laws of physics, it is up to all the warm air in the house that rises and a room without good forced ventilation may simply turn out to be unsuitable for habitation, especially since the ceilings in it are quite low.

Continuing the topic about ceilings, we note that the appearance of the ceiling can be different and this does not at all depend on the chosen method. Rather, it is about the style of the room that you want to follow.

Rafters and beams that remain in sight are a wonderful attribute of a chalet or country style, they will give the room the right mood of a real old estate. If you prefer classic or modern, then you should completely sew up the ceiling with plasterboard, and then plaster, paint or cover with plain wallpaper.

Fans of the modern style, as well as the minimalist trend, will definitely give preference to suspended or stretch ceilings, and for lovers of loft or industrial styles, even metal air ducts or communication boxes that are not covered with boxes will seem to be in the subject.

Lounge attic

When the area of ​​the cottage is small, then there is a dilemma, which room to place in it. The room is indeed specific in terms of operation and layout, but it has a unique romantic flair. For example, one of the benefits of hosting lounge room loft is the ability to place a window over a sofa or other bed - then you can lie down to admire the blue sky during the day and the starry sky at night. In addition, such a room can save a significant area below, which would be more logical for the kitchen and dining room, that is, those areas that are most often used during weekends and weekdays. But you can go up to the top floor in order to just lie down, watch TV, play video games or have a sincere conversation over a cup of tea - for such purposes, the size of the living room is definitely enough.

Many elements, the presence of which dictates to us, are physically difficult to place inside attic. Room layout in this case, it will be inextricably linked with the creation of sketches for furniture of non-standard shapes. This applies to the corner or even U-shaped sofa, so beloved by everyone, chairs with high backs, a mantelpiece, a bookcase and other things. All this can be great, but only if it fits into numerous angles and is commensurate with the roof in height.

Making furniture to order is quite an expensive undertaking, plus, its production will take more time than buying ready-made furniture, but you will be able to use literally every centimeter of your small attic floor. In the photo in this section you can see examples of just such a recreation area, which is located on the top floor.

The central element of the design is a large sofa, which literally fills all the free space. Moreover, this happens both in very small attics with a low wooden ceiling, and in quite spacious ones, where, in addition to the sofa, other items are freely placed, creating all the prerequisites for great parties (TV, a wide coffee table for board games or a snack), and for fruitful work (desktop, books, musical instruments).

However, if you do not like big and noisy companies with long gatherings, you can still use the attic floor as a place to relax, even if it is quite small.

Various means are suitable for this: a hammock suspended on supports, a rocking chair or just a soft set of chairs will allow you to indulge in your hobby or reading right under the window, a source of soft, very visually beneficial lighting.

Attic room photo

The next important room that we will virtually place under the roof will be the bedroom. attic room. A photo, which you will see below, show how comfortable such a bedroom can be, how much all your aspirations for an ideal place to relax can be embodied in it.

For a bedroom that you plan to use all year round, it is very important to do the right thing. This room should be warm enough, but not hot, without excess moisture, which leads to the formation of fungus and other troubles. Therefore, not only the insulation itself is placed under the roof, but also other components of modern systems, such as a hydrobarrier, vapor barrier film, and so on. It is also advisable to install air conditioning, as the roof gets very hot under the summer sun and sleeping indoors without cooling may not be too comfortable.

As we said above, the most difficult part in arranging a bedroom is not at all, but filling it with furniture so that all the flaws of a complex shape are leveled. The most difficult case is when one wall has a minimum size, its height is within one meter.

Then you have several options for what to place here, or it will be a bed, because when you lie down you definitely don’t need a lot of height above your head, or, conversely, here you place a storage area with a built-in wardrobe, put a TV and so on. You can look at the photo above for examples of mastering a strong roof slope and make sure that the shape roof attic room not a hindrance to be cozy and comfortable.

A separate case is when the roof has a wide area, hip, half hip or tent shape. Yes, this will significantly increase the cost of roofing work, several times, and it will take more time to install all the floors and insulate, but you will have the opportunity to do not just one, but two rooms in the attic. These can be separate children's rooms, or there can be rooms for the whole family, for example, a bedroom and a living room, separated by a partition wall.

In the photo you can see a draft of such a design solution, and in order to visually preserve the feeling of spaciousness and freedom of such a wide attic, the partition is specially designed transparent.

However, it is not at all necessary to have a transparent partition, because if in attic 2 rooms, then both of them can become completely autonomous rooms, for example, a secluded bedroom, as shown in other photos of the collection, equipped with its own spacious bathroom behind the wall or a spacious one.

Children's room in the attic

Most of all, children love such high, non-standard premises, therefore, often, this territory is given to their possession. Projects children's room in the attic quite a lot, although the walls are not very high, but the area is large, so it will fit a bed, not even one, a place for games, and a work area with a desk and a computer. There is also a place for sports equipment, a telescope, a hut or a toy house and other children's joys.

In design girls room in the attic it is preferable to use light, natural shades, Provence or country style, an abundance of soft toys and home textiles are suitable.

Take care that attic room for a boy was not too dark, it can cause depression. You can not only make as many windows as you can, but also provide the room with additional artificial lighting.

Bathroom in the attic

Tons of benefits bathroom in the attic makes us take a closer look at such projects.

In the project, you can also place a shower cabin or take a place with a partition for taking a shower, and also indulge in a full-sized bathroom. Moreover, it is she who is the best suited for filling the space under the roof slope without losing the overall feeling of freedom and spaciousness, which are simply unthinkable in city apartments.

Attic room: design and layout. 100 ideas

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The attic design of the attic space allows not only to increase the living space of the house, but also to make the structure unusual and beautiful. Moreover, a building with this type of roof can be made in almost any style. A mansard-type roof, the variants of which can be very different, is found both in urban areas and in rural areas. Consider how to create such a design yourself, and find out what its features are.

Mansard roof - options

Such a roof has a special design of slopes, usually consisting of an upper sloping part and a steeper lower one. Thanks to this shape, a fairly spacious room appears inside, which can be used as an attic or even turn into a very cozy living room.

The history of mansards began in the 17th century, such a design of roofs was invented by the architect Francois Mansart - such a roof was named after his last name. But this Frenchman was far from being the first to implement the idea of ​​economical use of the attic floor of the house. The mansard roof was first built by Pierre Lescaut, also a Frenchman who worked on the construction of such famous buildings as the Louvre and Notre Dame de Paris.

On a note! In the 19th century, poor people usually lived on the attic floors, but now this floor can appear in housing and is quite wealthy.

Now attics are quite often built during the construction of country houses or small two-story cottages, but the idea may well be implemented when creating other types of buildings. The attic has several advantages:

• building a house with an attic is cheaper than with two full floors and a roof;
• foundation costs during the construction of such a structure are also reduced;
• the attic can significantly increase the living space of any building;
• it gives the house an unusual and beautiful look;
• it is not difficult to build a structure, the work can be completed quite quickly;
• the attic is always associated with comfort;
• a house with an attic is warmer by reducing heat loss through the roof.

But lofts also have several disadvantages. This type of attic space has sloping ceilings, which results in a small wall height, which makes it difficult to choose furniture. Also, the roof must be well mounted so as not to leak and release heat from the house - you will have to spend money on good hydro- and heat-insulating materials. Yes, and building attics is still more difficult than, for example, the usual gable roof.

Design features

The attic is a universal element. It was used both for ordinary houses and for the construction of country houses, often this type of attic space was chosen even for the construction of palaces. Of course, it could decorate workshops, commercial buildings, etc. And despite the fact that different materials were used for its construction, different styles were chosen, the attic still remained an attic - it has certain design features.

So, this building can have a different geometric shape - triangular, broken, have symmetrical or, conversely, geometrically complex and non-standard slopes. It can be located both along the entire width of the building, and only on one side of it relative to the longitudinal axis.

Bar prices

On a note! If the roof is broken, then the lower part will have very steep slopes with an angle of inclination of about 60-70 degrees, and on the top slopes, on the contrary, will be gentle (about 15-30 degrees).

But whatever the attic, it will be located within the walls of the main building. Relative to the outer walls, the attic may be somewhat wider, but then it relies on the extensions of the ceilings. If the offset is large, then you will have to install additional supports (for example, columns, walls, etc.).

The height of the attic roof cannot be less than 2.5 m, otherwise it will not work to make a spacious room under it. Windows, which also need to be provided here, will be manufactured using special technologies using tempered durable glass and a reliable frame. They will cost several times more than usual. And load-bearing structures can be made of reinforced concrete, metal or wood. But in the case of the latter, it is important to carefully consider fire safety measures.

The mansard roof is a multilayer structure, which complicates installation. It can be insulated completely or only in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe presence of a living room - where there is heating. But in any case, the design of the attic implies the presence of rafters, a ridge, directly roofing material, heat and waterproofing, and a vapor barrier layer. An interfloor overlap will act as a base under the roof.

Mansard roof rafters must have good bearing capacity. The cross section of the materials used will depend on the angle of the roof slope and cannot be less than 5x15 cm at a step of 100 cm. If the slope angle is 45 degrees, then a step of 140 cm is maintained.

Attention! In areas where it often snows and the amount of precipitation is high, it is recommended to install rafters with a step of no more than 80 cm.

If the attic is to be used as a living space, it is important to consider that in this case there is a risk of a large amount of condensate forming under the roof. Because of this, pockets of mold may appear inside the structure, a fungus may develop, etc. The presence of a large amount of moisture will also negatively affect the insulating properties of the material. That is why it is important to follow all the rules for installing a mansard roof, and the heat-insulating material must be reliably protected from moisture ingress, not only from the outside, but also from the inside, that is, a layer of vapor barrier material is also located on this side.

Important! Do not forget about the creation of roofing products that will allow air to circulate calmly inside the roof structure and help remove condensate.

Types of mansard roofs

There are 4 main types of mansard roofs, which differ from each other in design features. They can be divided into single-level and two-level. The former are the simplest in execution, usually combined with a broken or gable roof with a slope angle of 35-45 degrees. The second ones involve the arrangement of two rooms at different levels. Here a system of mixed supports is used.

On a note! When building an attic under a gable roof, the height of the walls can be no more than 1.5 m, followed by sloping ceilings. With a broken roof, the height of the ceiling along the perimeter near the walls is up to 2.5 m.

When building a house, you can stop at one of the types of attics - a single-level attic when arranging a gable roof, single-level with a broken roof, with remote consoles, or a two-level with a special mixed type of support.

Table. The main types of attics.

Type	Description
	In this case, the attic has one level and is equipped under a conventional gable roof. The simplest option, in the design of which you can not use complex calculations. Precipitation with a gable simple roof comes off on its own, there is no need to equip any additional elements.
	In this case, the attic also has one level, but the truss system is performed differently. Formed, as it were, four slopes of the roof. A much more spacious room can fit under it, but creating such a roof is more difficult.
	Of the single-level attics, this is the most difficult option. Here the room under the roof is even more spacious. Usually in this case, the attic room is shifted to one of the edges of the house. This design allows you to make large vertical windows on one side. The main disadvantages are the complex shape, the complexity of construction. But on the other hand, under the edge of such an attic, you can make a functional canopy, where a terrace, garage or other extension can be located.
	The most difficult option is the attic, since at least two rooms under the roof are located here, located at different levels. Such a design, when designing a house, immediately enters into its structure.

The mansard roof can also have a balcony. It is created on the principle of building a window. The main thing is that the bearing capacity of the walls allows you to equip it. By the way, columns can also support the balcony, but in this case it is built above the entrance.

Types of rafters for attics

Roof trusses can be of two types - and layered. You will have to choose between them depending on the method of attachment to the walls of the house. Hanging ones are simpler and are usually used for houses that do not have an average load-bearing wall. The rafters rest only on the main walls of the house, without intermediate supports. The width of the span between the walls cannot be large - usually it does not exceed 6 m. If the span is larger (over 9 m), then the arrangement of struts and attendants will be required.

Rafter rafters are usually used when creating houses with two spans, that is, those that have a load-bearing wall in the middle. In this case, the rafters have three points of support - directly this wall, as well as the main ones along the perimeter of the house.

Material for the manufacture of the truss system

Rafters can be made of metal, reinforced concrete or wood. Each material has its own advantages and disadvantages. Wooden rafters are environmentally friendly, they are easy to work with, easily adjusted to the desired size. But wooden structures are afraid of excess moisture and are prone to the formation of mold and fungus on them.

On a note! Before construction, wooden materials are recommended to be treated with protective compounds that will extend their service life.

Metal and reinforced concrete structures can not be covered with such compounds - fungus and mold do not appear on them. Due to this, they are considered more reliable and durable. But the main disadvantage is that, if necessary, it will be difficult to adjust them to the desired dimensions on the spot, and the slightest error in the calculations can lead to the roof being skewed. Also, a master working with reinforced concrete or metal rafters may face other difficulties - this is a large mass of products, which forces the use of special equipment even to lift elements.

Difficulties and features of the arrangement of the attic roof

When designing and building a mansard roof, a number of design features should be taken into account, on the basis of which a number of work rules are formed. For example, the Mauerlat must be fixed very securely with anchor bolts. It is he who will experience the maximum load, which means that he will hold the entire roof on himself. Anchors are additionally recommended to be walled up with a cement mixture if the main walls of the house are made of stone, brick and other similar materials.

It is also important to remember about the correct design and layers of the roof. For example, mansard roofs cannot be covered with metal roofing materials. They get very hot and it will be too hot on the top floor in summer, there can simply be no question of any comfort of living. It is not recommended to use roofing material as a waterproofing material - when heated, it begins to smell specifically. It is best to cover the mansard roof with slate or soft tiles. For thermal insulation, it is usually recommended to purchase mineral wool, which is laid with a waterproofing film on both sides.

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Buildings with - a practical and very attractive idea for an individual site. The cost of equipping a residential attic is less than the construction of a full-fledged floor, additional square meters will appear in the house. For a summer cottage, the best option is. Projects, photos of successful interiors and recommendations from experienced builders are in our material.

Even a small attic will transform the facade of the house and make it unique.

The attic refers to the living space under the roof. The roof for the arrangement of a residential attic must have a double slope, such that the height of the attic space is not less than human height at the highest point.

Important! A high ceiling should occupy at least half of the area. Smaller sizes will cause discomfort in a person.

The outer wall of the residential attic consists of two planes: inclined and vertical. The vertical part is built from the main material of the house, the inclined part consists of blood rafters and inner lining.

Note! The attic in urban planning standards is considered a residential floor.

When building a private house, many owners think about the question: give preference to a full-fledged floor or an attic?

Advantages and disadvantages of country houses with an attic: projects with a full floor or a residential attic?

The main argument in favor of the attic floor is always the cheapness of its arrangement. Is it really? The reduction in costs is due to the use of a frame structure of the roof. In practice, the larger the roof and, accordingly, the larger the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe frame for sheathing, the more profitable the attic.

But it should be remembered, no matter how spacious the attic is, in any case it occupies less usable area than the real floor. It turns out that in order to make the attic room suitable for living, it is necessary to provide for such an area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe first floor that it exceeds the attic at least twice.

In order to create a normal microclimate in the attic room, it is necessary to provide a ventilation system with forced air supply. All these costs will form an additional burden during construction. And in fact, the savings will not be so significant.

Proponents of attic construction note that houses with such “curly” roofs look attractive. And the designers add that the arrangement of a residential attic has many original solutions.

Prudent owners do not like it when something goes to waste. Including attic space. Some turn it into a dump of unnecessary things. But in fact, it can accommodate a full-fledged office, workshop, bedroom or even a children's room.

Opponents of such prudence remind that the active exploitation of the space under the roof worsens the condition of the roof structure and greatly complicates its repair.

Expert point of view

Yaroslav Galaiko

Lead Designer and Head of Ecologica Interiors Studio

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“Psychologists warn that the low ceilings of the attic make a person feel in a confined space, adversely affecting his psyche. Particularly impressionable natures can even feel suffocation due to low ceilings and sloping walls. It is worth thinking about this fact when planning a children's room in the attic.

Proponents of a full-fledged second floor give the following comparison:

Attic	Second floor
Limited in layout to inclined structures	Has full layout options
Difficulties with arranging full-fledged windows	Lack of problems with the organization of natural lighting
The design of the walls and ceiling of the attic does not allow you to easily repair the roof	Maintainability of the roof and simplicity of roof construction
The need for complex roofing	Use of a simple shaped roof
The need for forced ventilation	Use of natural ventilation
Strong room heating on hot days	Preservation of optimal temperature due to the presence of attic space

Despite all these disputes and disagreements, projects of country houses with an attic and a veranda or garage are very popular. This is not surprising, because frame construction, which is gaining immense popularity, offers many options for just such buildings, with a large usable area and various layouts. Consider photo projects of houses with attics in more detail.

Related article:

The best projects of houses with an attic: photos with drawings

A good residential building design should take into account many factors:

• the climate of the area in which the construction will be carried out;
• features of the soil and landscape of the site;
• a combination of home decoration with surrounding buildings and terrain;
• organization of the most comfortable living conditions for all family members, taking into account their age and individual needs.

The finished project of a house with an attic is developed by professional architects with the participation of specialists of a narrow profile. It is important to consider not only the location of the rooms, but also the features of the placement of engineering networks.

Projects of a small area, 36 - 40 square meters, are suitable for a summer cottage. This space is quite enough to accommodate a kitchen and a spacious living room on the ground floor and two compact bedrooms or an office in the attic. Houses with an area of ​​more than 60 square meters contain a spacious living room, bedroom and kitchen on the ground floor and rooms on the second.

For large houses, it would be ideal to build a terrace, which can be accessed from the attic floor. From the top there will be a magnificent view of nature.

Idea! If the house is intended for year-round use, part of the roof can be glazed and the area can be used for a winter garden.

Country house with an attic: layout 6x6

With a minimum area is not easy. The project of a 6x6 country house with an attic is the best choice. In this case, you have not 36, but at least 50 square meters of usable area.

If the cottage is needed only for a seasonal visit, such space is quite enough for a small family. Over time, an extension can be made to the house if the number of family members increases. What should be considered in the project of a house with an attic 6x6:

• maximum use of each centimeter of area;
• the number of people visiting the house at the same time;
• age of family members;
• frequency of visiting the suburban area.

When planning a 6 by 6 house with an attic, it is important to use all the space with maximum benefit. Traditionally, in the center there is a spacious living room with access to the bathroom and kitchen. All these rooms will completely occupy the first floor. In order not to be crowded, they select compact furniture.

The kitchen should have two entrances: from the room and from the yard. Table setting in the summer gazebo will be greatly simplified, and it will be easier to cook on a hot day by opening wide the exit to the garden.

In this option, they are located in the attic. Here you can make two full bedrooms for the owners and children.

For a bathroom, four square meters is enough. If the cottage is visited only in summer, an outdoor shower can be arranged in the yard. Those who like to take a steam bath put a bathhouse on the site. If you do not provide a shower or bathroom in the house, you can leave three square meters for the toilet. The washing machine is installed in the kitchen.

Frame houses with an attic (projects 6x6) do not provide for internal stairs. They are placed outside. This technique also saves a lot of space. For storage of things in the house, compact mezzanines should be provided.

Here is an approximate plan of a house with an attic 6 by 6:

The specifics of the layout of houses 9 by 9 with an attic: photos of successful solutions

The house with a total area of ​​eighty square meters is a popular project. Builders note that this project has an optimal ratio of costs and comfort of living. The classic layout includes a bedroom, a kitchen, a living room and a bathroom on the ground floor and two or three more rooms in the attic. They can be used as additional bedrooms or organize an office, a creative workshop and a spacious wardrobe in them.

Another option for arranging rooms is in the layout of the house 8 by 10 with an attic. Photo example of such a layout:

What you should know about planning a 10 by 10 house with an attic: photos of the best ideas

One hundred square meters on the first floor and another seventy on the second - a large family can live in such a house permanently. There is a place for separate rooms for children, a bedroom for parents, an office, a spacious living room and a kitchen. From the outside, the house does not look huge. Projects of a 10x10 house with a foam block attic impress with compact placement on the site. But this is just the case when the external impression is deceptive.

There is enough space not only for placing bathrooms on each floor, but even for organizing or bathing right in the house. A convenient ladder with a wide passage will allow you to easily lift bulky furniture.

In such a house, a separate room for the boiler is usually provided. If the foam block house has a basement, a laundry room, heating appliances, a pantry for storing inventory and home seaming are located here.

Layout example:

Related article:

In the article, we will consider in detail what are the advantages of these structures, types of technologies, average construction prices, original projects, useful tips and much more.

Examples of interior design of houses with an attic inside: photo

Even a small attic can be furnished so that everything you need can fit in it. Inclined ceiling planes partially hide the total area, but you can use them to stylishly decorate the room.

Projects of small houses with an attic usually involve placing a bedroom on the second floor. In the country version, it is logical to use natural wood trim.

If the attic occupies a significant area, the task is simplified. Niches between rafters can be used as zoning elements. In one - to place a bed, in the other - a desktop by the window or a sofa for relaxation. The issue of placing a children's room on the attic floor should be approached especially carefully.

If an office is located in the attic, it is important to consider lighting.

Another idea for planning a house with an attic (photo below) is the placement of a wardrobe. Here you can build compact and convenient storage systems.

Tips for building a one-story house with an attic: photos of original ideas

The arrangement of a residential attic is most often concerned about the owners of small country cottages. Before deciding on such a project, ask to stay with your friends, owners of a similar design. Do you suddenly feel claustrophobic or, on the contrary, find yourself under the impression of attic windows through which you can watch the clouds?

Here, if desired, you can place a wardrobe, a creative workshop, a boiler room, a gym.

Here are options for organizing attic space:

Especially in demand with a garage and an attic. This layout is extremely convenient. Especially this option will be appreciated by residents of the northern regions, who know what it is to warm up a car on a frosty day. When the garage is under the same roof as the house, even if it does not have central heating, the temperature will be much higher than outside. And the car itself will be reliably protected from all the vagaries of the weather.

What do projects of houses with an attic of foam blocks look like?

Projects of houses with an attic of foam blocks, the photos of which are presented to you, are very popular with developers of individual housing. The reasons for this demand are that houses made of this material are very functional and look solid and luxurious. The cost of building such a structure is lower than the cost of building a brick house.