Why Russian villages are dying out. The largest village in Russia The name of the village in Russia list of the best

There are seven villages with the name Khrenovo in Russia! This one is in the Ivanovo region. Photo: Andrey KARA

Stupid, Suchkino, Bukhalovo, Lokhovo, Khrenovo... Among the 170 thousand settlements of the country, we have chosen those that cannot be passed by without emotions

Of course, the Russian people have no problems with fantasy. But with the names of most settlements, apparently, they didn’t bother much. As a result, we have: approximately 44% of the names are repetitive. A third of them are named by name (Ivanovka, Mikhailovo, Aleksandrovka ...), and a quarter - by nature (Sosnovka, Berezovka, Kalinovka ...). It is understandable: before, without “brainstorming” and creative agencies somehow managed. But among the 165,000 rural settlements, 1,300 urban-type settlements and 1,100 cities of Russia, there are real "pearls" of extraordinary folk thought! Crashing into the memory of names - about a thousand. Together with the regional editions of KP, we selected two hundred of the most, in our opinion, the most strange and funny of them.

Let's start with the Perm region. There is a Tupiza village here. We don't know why it is so...

A photo: Alexey ZHURAVLEV

Or here is the village of Suchkino. I wonder how the locals feel about this name.

A photo: Alexey ZHURAVLEV

And the village of Putino. Also available.

And here is the village of Khomyaki. “Seems like someone is eating too much!?” - I remembered from the fairy tale about Winnie the Pooh.

The village of Antibes is located in the Kemerovo region. And with her Drachenino and Uporovka.

The Tyumen region is also famous for its long list of funny names. There is Kokuy, Partizan, Expanse, Vagina, Half, Plump, Shortness of breath, Goldobino, Sour, Beautiful, Nevolino, Elbows, Bad, Kinder, Cotton wool, Politotdelsky, Shot.

The Chelyabinsk region, like Bashkiria, also has its own Paris. And Ferchanpenoise is available. And even the villages of Leipzig with Berlin.

There are such unusual villages in Udmurtia: Muki-Kaksi, Baldeyka, Podmoy, Kosolapovo, Karavai, Foals, Babino, Luke, Chur, Uzi. And the villages: Skates, Zabegalovo, Birch, Krasny Kustar, Bannoye, Roosters, Boar, Kozlovo, Sheep, Small Game and Big Game, Ubytdur, Grab, Vanya-Chumo, Adam.

But the most creative people, apparently, live in the Pskov region! The cities Dno, Opochka, Pytalovo are lit there ... And the villages: Ulcers, Torchilovo, Babki, Badgers, Bolshoy Khochozh, Sos, Grace, New Opel, Lobok ...

Kozyulki, Washcloths, Kissing, Teeth, Crooked Hats, Lamons, Undersized ...

And also Zhizhitsa, Mokriks, Swellings, Buttocks, Redseat, Ale, Grandfather-Kabak, Bald-Flies, Zanogi, Quickly, Big Wands, New Life.

In the Sverdlovsk region, there are such cities: Nizhnie Sergi, Rezh, Novaya Lyalya (and the village of Staraya Lyalya - this is all Novolyalinsky urban district). And the villages - Upper Sinyachikha, Lower Sinyachikha, Laya, Red Adui.

In the Yaroslavl region - Gore-Mud, Pshenichishche, Zhupeevo, Bukhalovo.

In the Voronezh region there is Khrenishche.

In Kaluga - the village of Zhivotinki. The name is quite harmless and to the point: after all, a livestock farm is located here.

In the Lipetsk region there is a village Zasosnaya. In Vologda there are as many as two villages with the name End (and there are eight of them in Russia).

In Crimea, there is the city of Saki, from which the locals made the city of Psaki. Thus, they allegedly banned the entry of the famous American woman.

There are also quite a few unusual and funny names in the Trans-Baikal Territory. For example, in the Priargunsky district there is the village of Duroy. There is also the village of Klichka, which is named after a mining engineer. In the Sretensky district there is a village Bolshiye Boty. Not far from the regional capital there is a village Ulety. And in the Chernyshevsky district there is the village of Ukurei. In Khiloksky district - Khokhotuy.

And in the Murmansk region there is the village of Afrikanda. Under the snow, Afrikanda looks especially exotic.

In the Saratov region there is a village Lokh.

And in Omsk - Babezh, Big scourges, Big purrs, Lupus, Zagvazdino, Couch, Prishib. In Samara - the village of Koshki (this is the sister city of Myshkin, Yaroslavl Region). In Penza - Tatarskaya Pendelka, Chulpan, Bogdanikha, Bright Way, Frontier, GAI. In the Vladimir region, the following stand out: the village of Krasnaya Gorbatka, the village of Perebor, the village of Likhaya Pozhnya. In Bryansk - Mamai, Bibiki, Zaitsev Dvor, Crimea, Varna, Bald, New Scales, Ushcherpie, Gobiks, Badgers, Byakovo, Sluchok, Novy Svet, Merry, Hooks, Bobrik, Gnilyovo, Dried out, Lizogubovka, Spoons, Ugrevishche, Shiryaevka, Shapkino ... And in the Khabarovsk Territory there is the village of Kondon. In the Smolensk region - the village of Boduny. In Tambov - Bolshaya Rzhaksa.

In Mordovia, you can find settlements with the following names: Piksiasi, Chudinka, Red Warrior, Syryatino, Sialeevsky Maidan. In Chuvashia - the village of Bolshoe Murashkino, the village of Experienced, the village of Khachiki. In Mari El - the village of Surok.

In the Troitsky administrative district of Moscow there is the village of Babenki.

And in the Ryazan region there was once a village of Lost Paradise. Now no one lives there. This is a tract. It seems that a much more friendly atmosphere is in the local village of Good Bees.

In the Kostroma region there is a village Pyankovo.

BY THE WAY

5 interesting facts about the settlements of Russia

1) The settlement "Central estate of the state farm named after the 40th anniversary of the Great October Revolution" - the longest name of the settlement in the country. I wonder if it annoys the locals to have to pronounce or write this ho-hoo-long name somewhere in the documents?

2) Verkhnenovokutlumbetyevo and Starokozmodemyanovskoe - the longest continuous names of settlements. It seems that they have been there since childhood, and everyone is ready to work as an announcer on TV. After all, until you say where you are from ...

3) Names of two letters in Russia are 46 settlements. Of these, 11 - Yar. And there is, for example, Yb - in Komi there are as many as three villages with the same name. Remember this to stun your opponents when playing "city-village".

4) There are only two settlements in the country with the name Y. These are Yoshkar-Ola and Yosefovka (a village in the Smolensk region).

5) And the names of 27 settlements in Russia begin with the letter Y. Almost all of them are in Yakutia. These are, for example, Ytyk-Kyuel and Ylymakh. In general, there are cities in our country with absolutely all letters, excluding the soft and hard signs, of course.

And what funny names of settlements in Russia do you know? We are waiting for your comments!

The Russian village... For some it is a relic of the agrarian past, for others it is the keeper of the Russian soul. One way or another, on average, urbanization “eats up” three villages in the country every year. What are the reasons for the extinction and degradation of the Russian village? How many villages are there in Russia today? And which of them are the most beautiful? You will find answers to all these questions in our article.

Unemployment, hopelessness, despondency...

It is with such unpleasant words that the modern Russian village is most often described. Broken asphalt, fragmentarily left over from prosperous Soviet times, abandoned farms, destroyed houses of culture, dirt, lack of lighting and central sewerage - this is typical for most of the villages and villages of today's Russia. Of course, there are pleasant exceptions. But they are catastrophically few.

Many villages in Russia, in view of the vast area of the latter, are literally cut off from any benefits of civilization. They can be located several hundred kilometers from the nearest city or regional center. In such villages, people, like a hundred or two hundred years ago, live by subsistence farming: they sow fields, raise livestock, fish, hunt and drink strong tea from real samovars.

A classic example of the "Russian hinterland" is the so-called Krasny Bereg. This is an area consisting of three villages, lost in the middle of the coniferous forests of the Vologda region. Their total population is 10 people. In fact, there are no roads to these settlements. In winter, it can only be overcome by snowmobile, and in summer (after heavy rain) - only by tractor. Water - from springs, light - from kerosene lamps, a generator - one for three villages.

And how many similar villages are scattered across the expanses of vast Russia - it's hard to say.

Russian village: in facts and figures

As of the beginning of 2018, 19.1% of the total population of the Russian Federation lives in rural areas.
Between 2002 and 2010 (between the last two censuses) the number of depopulated villages in Russia increased by 6,000.
Today there are about 150 thousand rural settlements in the country.
About half of them have no more than 100 people.
17 thousand Russian villages do not have a permanent population.
The average density in the Russian Federation is 2 persons/sq. km.
The maximum percentage of the rural population is observed in the Krasnodar Territory - almost 45%.
The largest villages are located in the North Caucasus.
The largest village in Russia in terms of population is Novaya Usman. 27.5 thousand people live here.

Reasons for the extinction of the Russian village

The degradation of the countryside is one of the most acute socio-economic problems of modern Russia. In the last twenty years, the country's rural population has been steadily declining. And not only due to natural decline (high mortality against the background of low birth rates), but also due to the colossal migration outflow.

Young people categorically do not want to live in the village, trying by any available means to escape to the capital or the nearest large city. As a result, in many Russian villages only old people and openly asocial elements remain. The share of depopulated villages in some subjects of the Russian Federation has already reached 20%.

Why is the Russian village dying out? There are several reasons:

High unemployment.
Degradation of social infrastructure (lack of schools, kindergartens, clinics, etc.).
Lower standard of living compared to urban environment.
Frequent lack of housing and communal benefits (sewerage, gasification, lighting, Internet, etc.).

To revive the Russian village and return young people to it, a comprehensive state program is required to save it and further develop it. Of course, this requires huge amounts of money.

The most beautiful villages in Russia: list

Let's try to end our article on a positive note. Not all villages in Russia look dull and hopeless. Some of them are able to surprise with their color, authentic spirit and original architecture. Listed below are five ancient Russian villages that are definitely worth visiting at least once in your life:

Varzuga, Murmansk region. The village arose in the middle of the 15th century. Fishing center for Atlantic salmon.
Big Kunaley, Buryatia. Quite a large village, reminiscent of its appearance an illustration to a collection of children's fairy tales. The design of all the local houses is exactly the same: brown walls, blue windows, green fences.
Vershinino, Arkhangelsk region. Traditional village of the Russian North. It is famous for its unique and perfectly preserved architecture of the 17th-18th centuries.
Okunevo, Omsk region. A colorful, amazing and mystical village, in which adherents of five different religions found refuge at once. The village is a place of attraction for all lovers of esotericism and meditation.
Elovo, Perm region. Ecologically clean village located on the banks of the Kama. It impresses all guests not only with magnificent natural landscapes, but also with its landscaping. There is asphalt, walking paths, flower beds and playgrounds.

Finally…

The process of rural extinction is not a unique Russian phenomenon. In general, it is similar to similar processes in other countries and regions of the planet. But, in spite of everything, the Russian village is still alive, with all its advantages and disadvantages. And, hopefully, in the near future it will begin to revive. After all, as they say in one old Russian proverb: "The city is the kingdom, and the village is paradise."

I presented an overview of the smallest cities in Russia. And now let's move on to the largest settlements that are not cities.

The urban-type settlement (Republic of Ingushetia) with a population of 64,041 people is rightfully considered the champion in terms of population among “non-towns” (hereinafter, information about the population is given for 2015). If we compare Ordzhonikidzevskaya with the smallest city - Chekalin in the Tula region - it turns out that the village is more than 66 times larger than the city!

Until recently, Ordzhonikidzevskaya had the status of a village and was not only the largest settlement in the country that did not have the status of a city, but also the largest rural settlement. But in 2015, local residents voted in a referendum for the transition to the status of an urban-type settlement. In addition, at the same referendum, a decision was approved to give the village a new name - Sunzha, but the official renaming has not yet taken place.

Initially, the village, founded in 1845, during the Caucasian War, was called Sunzhenskaya. Since 1852, it was called Sleptsovskaya - in honor of General N. Sleptsov. In 1939, it received its modern name, after the name of the Soviet leader Ordzhonikidze.

Private housing blocks in Ordzhonikidzevskaya

The nearest cities to Ordzhonikidzevskaya are Nazran (22 km), Grozny (47 km). There is a railway station Sleptsovskaya. Magas airport is located on the outskirts of the village.

Ordzhonikidzevskaya. New bus station.

The main activity of the population of Ordzhonikidzevskaya is the processing of agricultural products. The village has a well-developed social infrastructure.

Ordzhonikidzevskaya. House of Culture.

Ordzhonikidzevskaya. New school.

Ordzhonikidzevskaya. New kindergarten.

With the loss of the title of the largest rural settlement in Russia, Ordzhonikidzevskaya, this title passed to the village Kanevskaya (stress on penultimate syllable) Krasnodar Territory, the population of which is about 44 thousand people. But in fact, Kanevskaya and the neighboring village of Staroderevyankovskaya have merged into a single whole, and their total population is approaching 60 thousand.

Kanevskaya is very advantageously located: 180 km south of Rostov-on-Don and 120 km north of Krasnodar, on the railway and the federal highway. This situation, as well as a very successful agriculture (the local grain harvests are considered among the highest in Russia) and became the reason for the huge size of Kanevskaya.

On the streets of the village of Kanevskaya

Kanevskoye indigenous village was founded in 1794 among the first forty villages of the Black Sea Cossacks in the Kuban. The name was transferred from the Sechi kuren, which was named after the city of Kanev.

Cossack hut

In Kanevskaya there are many enterprises for the processing of agricultural products: a creamery, a meat processing plant. sugar factory, bakery. Most of the working-age population is somehow connected with agriculture. There is also a gas equipment plant.

Station Kanevskaya. Embankment of the Chelbas River and the central beach.

In the village of Kanevskaya there are 5 hotels, a sports palace, an ice palace, 2 stadiums, a zoo ...

Kanevskaya. Rural house of culture.

Kanevskaya. Rural school.

Kanevskaya. Rural Palace of Sports.

Stanitsa Kanevskaya is the largest rural settlement in Russia. But it is not a village. But the largest settlement with the status of a "village" is the Voronezh region, with a population of about 29 thousand people.

Village New Usman

The settlement on the banks of the Usman River, which laid the foundation for the modern village, was founded in 1598 by a certain Sobakin. Until 1928, the village was called Sobakina Usman.

Private buildings in the village of Novaya Usman.

Multi-storey buildings in Novaya Usman

The village has enterprises for the production of sunflower oil, sausages and smoked meats, a quail farm, an elevator complex and other agricultural enterprises. But there are also enterprises that are not typical for the countryside: a factory for the production of mirrors and glass products. fiber optic cable factory, concrete products factory.

New Usman. Technopark.

A few more interesting objects of the largest village in Russia, Novaya Usman.

New Usman. New sports complex.

New Usman. Palace of Culture under construction.

New Usman. Temple.

There are urban-type settlements, but there are also rural settlements with the status of "village". The largest of these in the country is a village in Udmurtia. Its population is about 20 thousand people.

The village of Igra is located 92 km north of Izhevsk. Previously called Egra - this is the Udmurt version of the name. The village of Egra was first mentioned in 1615.

Village Game

Most of the population of the village of Igra is engaged in agriculture and food production.

There are also multi-storey buildings in the Game.

Village Game. Opening of a new kindergarten.

The next participant in our rating - the largest village - is, rather, in the category of curiosities. So, get acquainted: (Leningrad region), the largest settlement with the status of "village". The population is more than 15 thousand people.

The village of Novoye Devyatkino is located in the Vsevolozhsky district, 20 km northwest of St. Petersburg. Founded in 1888. In 1909, there were 32 households in the village, in 1940 - already 94. How many households now is unknown.

In the foreground is a new kindergarten.

The city-forming, more precisely, “village-forming” enterprise of Novo Devyatkino is the Turboatomgaz plant.

Here is such a village - New Devyatkino.

The largest rural settlement in Russia with the status of "farm" - Trudobelikovsky located in the Krasnodar Territory, on the banks of the Kuban. The nearest city is Slavyansk-on-Kuban. The population of the farm is about 9300 people.

In the place of the Trudobelikovsky farm in the 17th - 18th centuries, the fortresses Kopyl and Blagoveshchenskaya stood, protecting from the raids of the Crimean Tatars. In 1794, the Prototsky cordon was organized here, since 1890 it has been called the Prototsky farm. The farm received its modern name in 1920, in honor of the deceased chairman of the local revolutionary committee by the name of Belik. More precisely, in honor of his work ...

The main occupations of the population of Trudobelikovsky are typical for the Krasnodar Territory: agriculture and processing of agricultural products. The farm has a well-developed social infrastructure.

Farm Trudobelikovsky. New kindergarten.

And the last in our ranking of the largest "non-cities" of various statuses will be the village Psyzh Abazinsky district of Karachay-Cherkessia. As you may have guessed, this is the largest settlement in Russia with the status of "village". The population of the village Psyzh is 8425 people.

The economy of the village Psyzh, as well as the entire Abaza region, has an agricultural specialization. The largest greenhouse enterprise in Europe is located here.

Agrokombinat "Yuzhny"

A few more views of the village Psyzh.

Aul Psyzh. New sports complex.

Aul Psyzh. New kindergarten.

On this, all types of large settlements have been exhausted. But I decided to supplement the rating with the settlements with the longest names. So let's get acquainted: the village Verkhnenovokutlumbetyevo Matveevsky district of the Orenburg region, founded in 1788. Its name has 23 letters!

This is the longest name in one word. And the longest without spaces is a village Kremenchug-Konstantinovskoe Baksansky district of Kabardino-Balkaria. Founded in 1885, population 1486. 26 characters including hyphen.

And, finally, the absolute winner in the nomination "the longest name" is the locality The village of the central estate of the state farm "40 years of October" Zaraysky district of the Moscow region, where about 1000 people live.

For a long time, Russian villages were forgotten, which is completely unreasonable. Of course, some of them are in a deplorable state, while others are completely abandoned and disappeared from the face of the earth.

According to the 2010 census, there are more than 150,000 rural settlements in Russia. And certainly there will be a few to compete for the title of the most beautiful. And in 2014, the Most Beautiful Villages Association was established, which supports the development of rural tourism. Let's take a little virtual tour of some of these villages.

The village of Bolshoi Kunaley, Buryatia

The village of Big Kunaley is located on the banks of the Kunaleyka River. The village appeared at the beginning of the 18th century and has been living its measured and calm life ever since. There are few inhabitants in the village - about a thousand people.

The peculiarity of the village is its houses. Built of timber, they are all painted in bright colors, with carved shutters and painted fences, and are somewhat reminiscent of a children's fairy tale.

Vyatskoye, Yaroslavl region

The village of Vyatskoye received the title of the most beautiful village in 2015. The village is actively developing in the field of tourism, there are only ten museums here. The houses here were rebuilt in the 18th-19th centuries, they once belonged to merchants, and some were drinking establishments. There are thirty monuments of cultural and historical heritage here, so there is definitely something to see. And tourists have chosen the village: in 2014 alone, 80,000 travelers visited it.

Desyatnikovo, Buryatia

Another village from Buryatia impresses with its brilliance: the houses here are painted with bright colors, and all this goes well with the green hills and endless expanses surrounding the village. Russia is truly felt here, immense and beautiful: around the age-old forest, untouched valleys with pure springs, berries and mushrooms, as well as the steppe.

Oshevensky churchyard, Arkhangelsk region

Only 73 people live in Oshevensky churchyard, but this did not prevent the village from joining the association of the most beautiful villages in Russia in 2016. At the entrance to the village stands a monastery founded in 1453. In addition, a whole block of traditional northern wooden buildings has been perfectly preserved here, at the head of which is the Church of the Epiphany with a bell tower. Well, the locals are trying to preserve the original traditions.

Kinerma, Karelia

Kinerma is located in the Pryazhinsky district of Karelia and last year was awarded the title of the most beautiful village in Russia. There are 17 houses in the village, 10 of them are considered architectural monuments. All buildings here are rebuilt in a circle, in the center of which is a 250-year-old chapel and an old cemetery.

And, of course, all the village attributes: a well with ice water, a bathhouse, a barn with a souvenir shop, as well as a restored traditional peasant house. There is also a mini-hotel in Kinerma, stylized as the old days and furnished with antique utensils.

True, the locals were already quite tired of the flow of tourists, and at the beginning of 2017, information appeared on the network that they asked to periodically close the road sign)

Kimzha, Arkhangelsk region

This is the youngest village that bears the title of the most beautiful (received it in February 2017). There are 71 historical monuments here, including the Hodegetrievskaya Church of the early 18th century. Kimzha is somewhat reminiscent of a museum of wooden architecture, but everything here is real: strong log huts, wooden mills, large yards and a river where locals go fishing.

Also, until 1951, the locals had a curious tradition: they did not have a cemetery, and all the dead were buried according to their last will. Most often these were plots of land, and sometimes courtyards of houses. It was believed that in this way the ancestors would be able to protect their territories from troubles.

Village. How much in this word is warm, dear, important for each individual person. Someone immediately remembers their barefoot childhood, someone imagines their grandmother’s stove and the most delicious pies in the world that she took out of it, but for someone it’s all life, smelling of freshly cut hay and water from a clean river flowing nearby.

Yes, in Russia a village is not just a settlement. This is the story of destinies, which are often covered by domestic cinema. This topic was especially popular in the Soviet period, although many films are still being released that describe village life with all its sorrows and joys, the measured passage of time and difficult housework. Villagers are often presented as simple, kind, but very naive people who, in the end, defeat the vices of modernity with their decency and honesty. But have you ever thought about how many settlements of this type are scattered across the expanses of our vast country? And which of them is the largest village in Russia?

The largest village in our country in terms of population, according to the latest data in 2016, was proclaimed the village of Novoe Devyatkino, in which 16,248 people live. It covers an area of 577 hectares and is the administrative center of the Novodevyatkinsky rural district, which is located in the Vsevolozhsk district of the Leningrad region.

The village got its name from the entrepreneur Devyatkin, the owner of a porcelain factory, which was located not far from the northern border of St. Petersburg and the modern borders of the village. Since the beginning of the 19th century, this territory has been inhabited by Ingrian Finns. Then the village bore the Finnish name Uusi Miina.

Since then, a lot has changed in the village: the number of its inhabitants has increased every year, residential houses, administrative buildings, various courtyards and grounds have been built. But here the church did not appear here before the founding of the Soviet Union, as, indeed, during its existence, since the local population professed Lutheranism without exception, which did not require visiting the church.

During collectivization, a collective farm was organized in Novy Devyatkino, which received the name "New Murtaya". Later, industrial enterprises appeared here, such as, for example, Turboatomgaz, which to this day provides the villagers with jobs. After that, high-rise buildings and high-rise buildings were erected in the settlement, which were settled by visitors who found work here.

And now the village is constantly growing: residential buildings are being built everywhere, tenders are being held for the construction of entire residential areas, shopping malls are being erected and the entire infrastructure is in intensive development. Apartments here are designed for different segments of the population, so almost everyone can find something to their liking. It should be noted that soon Novy Devyatkino is planned to become part of the Kalininsky district of St. Petersburg, which, in addition to the city registration, will have an impact on a sharp rise in prices per square meter.

The educational institutions of the village include 3 kindergartens and only one secondary school, and health care institutions - one general polyclinic, which, if necessary, sends patients to medical centers in St. Petersburg.

The nature of New Devyatkino is its true wealth. All new buildings of the settlement are being built within walking distance from the forest, which became famous for the Kapralyev Creek, the Okhta River and a picturesque pond located within it. Kovgolovsky lakes also delight local residents with their close location.

As for transport links, buses and electric trains run from the village to the city, just 2 km away is the Devyatkino metro station, which you can walk to if you don’t want to take a taxi. But there are also disadvantages - traffic jams at the junction of the Ring Road and Toksovskoye Highway. However, this minus does not bring serious inconvenience to the local population.