irises - These are very bright and attractive plants. They are divided intoroot and bulbous . We will help you grow bulbous irises in your garden.

Dutch iris

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Today, irises are at the peak of popularity. And not only majestic bearded irises, but also bulbous ones -Dutch irises (xifiums) and Reticulated irises (iridodictiums) . Dutch and reticulated irises grow from a real bulb and bloom in spring. In addition, they are extremely easy to care for. But they differ from each other in the timing of flowering and the height of the peduncle. Dutch irises are tall plants (45-60 cm high), and reticulated irises are dwarfs (10-20 cm high).

In this article we will talk about growingDutch irises . These elegant plants are great not only in the garden, but also as a cut flower. They are highly valued by florists and interior designers. The long, strong, straight stems are crowned with flowers - the perfect size for making bouquets. Bright, beautiful colors fit into any interior. In addition, Dutch irises are excellent not only for outdoor cultivation, but also for planting in containers and for forcing.

Dutch irises (Iris hollandica, Dutch Iris). Other name:xifiums (Xi-phium). Their bulbs are small and very similar to the planting material of an ordinary onion. Butflowers they are striking in their beauty - large and beautiful (7-8 cm in diameter), on thin elegant stems. They resemble exotic butterflies that have decided to rest a little on a stem. Flowers consist of six petals - three petals directed upwards and three falls (hanging petals). Mostpopular Dutch irises, which have blue flowers with a purple tint and yellow strokes-strokes in the center. Irises are no less attractivecolors : purple, yellow, blue, white with yellow strokes in the center and two-tone.

Dutch iris: care

Some gardeners believe that iris requires special attention, in fact it is not difficult to grow a beautiful plant in your garden. First you need to choosewarm and bright place , because bulbous irises grow very poorly in the shade.Watering irises need moderately, they do not like very dry soils, but waterlogging is also not good. If you saw on your flowerfirst buds, then begin to strictly monitor watering, at this time the flower needs moisture. In other periods it is enoughtouch the soil if it is very dry, water your iris. Iris does not need constant feeding, you needfertilize the soil before planting bulbs.Remember! Never fertilize irises during flowering, you can do this only during the growth period, pour liquid fertilizer under the root. The only difficulty you may encounter isweeds . They must be removed very carefully and without fail.manually ! Sometimes spotted varieties are affected by differentpests then use the solutionfundazol. After flowering, some gardeners recommenddig their irises.

Dutch iris: landing

If you decide to grow these excellent flowers in your garden, then we will open importantsecrets of growing bulbous irises.

Landing in open ground:

• Dutch irises plantedautumn or spring , along with other bulbous plants. When planted in spring, Dutch irises bloom later than when planted in autumn (usually 5-10 days).
• Find a place wherethe soil well drained. If there are still puddles of water in the area 5-6 hours after heavy rain, choose another place. Or improve the soil with organic material. Peat moss, compost or rotted manure will do. Dutch irises, like other bulbous plants, are verysensitive to moisture .
• Besides, the soil should be loose, fertile enough with a neutral or alkaline reaction. Therefore, if the soil is clayey, add lime or sand to it.
• sandy or peaty soil is improved bymaking turf and leaf land.
• Dutch irises -light-loving plants. So choose a sheltered spot where they will get enough sunlight.
• Dig up holes or pierce the soil to a depth of 15 cm using a pointed peg (5 cm diameter).
• Pour a handful of river sand into the hole, and place the onion pointed on topupside down (while deepening it in the sand). Gently cover the planting with soil.
• Distance between the bulbs when planting should be 10 cm.Depth landing - about 8 cm.
• After planting the plantwater . In warm climates, foliage develops in autumn, while in colder regions, foliage will develop in spring.
• During flowering , do not be afraid cutting down iris flowers for spring bouquets. It won't harm the plant.
• After flowering you need to leave the foliage in place, in no case cut it off. Leaves will collect sunlight, and in the process of photosynthesis, accumulate nutrients.
• Watering plants throughout the season need as needed. During the active growth period, the plants are watered so that the soil is slightly moist; after flowering -watering is stopped.
• In summer, the leaves begin to turn yellow and die. So the plant is preparing for a dormant period. At this stage, foliagecan be cut.
• Your Dutch irises willrest within a few months before the start of the next growth cycle.
• In one place they grow 4-5 years. But in the rainy season, it is better to dig up the bulbs, otherwise there will be nothing left of them.
• Dutch irises don't needsheltered for the winter . But if the winters are not snowy, then they should be covered with dry foliage or spruce branches (10-15 cm layer).

The best varieties : Golden Giant, Hildegarde, Apollo, Blue Diamond, Casa Blanca, Eye of the Tiger, Gypsy Beauty, Mystic Beauty, Royal Yellow, Bronze Beauty, Iris Telstar, Rosario, Oriental Beauty.

Dutch iris buy

More about irises

Dutch iris: types and features of cultivation

Iris is a plant familiar to all Russian gardeners, but for us, rhizomatous species, which are often called cockerels or irises, are still the most familiar. Bulbous iris still seems exotic to many, although in fact its cultivation is not difficult. The most common species remains xifium, also known as Dutch iris, a delicate plant with surprisingly beautiful buds. Today, it can be increasingly found in flower shops, and growing such a miracle on the site is not difficult.

Dutch iris is a perennial bulbous plant that can be grown both outdoors and in a pot on a windowsill. There are ordinary and dwarf varieties, which differ in the size of the leaves and the length of the peduncles.

Its appearance is somewhat different from the usual rhizomatous irises:

• The bulb is usually small, it has a bottle shape. From it develops several narrow leaves of dark green color, pointed shape.
• Single flowers are located on unbranched shoots, which can have a very different color.
• There are dozens of varieties of Dutch irises, and many of them are two-color: closer to the middle of the bud, you can observe interesting color transitions.
• The buds can be blue, blue, yellow and other colors, this type of iris has a rich color palette, for which he received recognition from gardeners. These flowers are grown as cut flowers and will never lose their popularity.
• In addition, there is always a place for irises on the site, as they will decorate any flower bed.

• This can be a specialized composition purchased at a store, or regular sugar (3 teaspoons per 2 liters).
• Top dressing will allow the flowers to fully open, and they will stand longer.

An oblique cut of the stem must be done under water so as not to block moisture access. In water, the stem is cut several more times or pierced with a pin. The solution in the vase must be changed at least once every 3 days. As a result, it will be possible to provide plants with a long life and excellent appearance.

Bulbous types of irises are becoming more and more popular: they attract flower growers with graceful buds and beautiful leaves, in addition, they are quite unpretentious plants.

If you decide to decorate the site with an exquisite flower bed with colorful petals, Dutch iris may be the best option. It is not difficult to care for him, and he will repay all the worries with friendly flowering and magnificent buds.

Dutch irises are considered one of the most romantic and beautiful plants. The iris flower resembles a tropical butterfly ready to take flight. With its beauty, he has long conquered gardeners. In almost all personal plots, you can now see a flower bed with these amazing plants. Let's talk in more detail about bulbous irises, planting and care in the open field.

Description of the Dutch variety

Dutch iris is one of the varieties of irises. This is xifium. In flower shops, you can buy flowers in the form of bulbs, which are covered with multiple layers of scales. On average, plants reach a height of 0.6 m. Some varieties, for example, Casablanca, Blue Diamond, grow within 0.5 m. They do not require support if they were planted in a place not blown by the winds.

The plant tolerates frost well, but requires shelter at very low temperatures to prevent freezing. Bulbous irises bloom in the last week of May, bloom until early June. Iris flowers can be of a wide variety of colors: white, blue, purple, orange. After flowering, the foliage begins to dry, and at the end of August it dries up completely. Dutch irises are widely used in gardening, they decorate flower beds, garden beds, they are used to create beautiful flower arrangements and bouquets. For many, irises are the best flowers, harbingers of warmth, because they bloom very early.

Features of planting irises

Planting bulbous irises includes several mandatory procedures. This is the preparation of bulbs, drainage and top dressing of the soil, mulching. Knowing all the secrets of growing Dutch bulbous iris, the features of planting and care, you can achieve a wonderful decorative effect.

Preparing bulbs for planting

Bulb plants are prone to fungal diseases, so Dutch iris bulbs require special preparation before planting. Planting material must be purchased at trusted flower shops and gardening stores. When buying, you should inspect the bulbs, there should not be any damage.

If the bulbs were stored at home, they also need to be carefully examined. Bulbs that have rot, painful spots, it is better to immediately set aside and discard. Good specimens should be treated with antifungal drugs. For these purposes, fungicides "Maxim", "Fundazol" are used. Many gardeners use a strong solution of potassium permanganate. Iris bulbs are placed in such a solution for 30-40 minutes. After drying, the bulbs are ready for planting.

How to choose a place and prepare the soil

Irises do not create much trouble when growing, but it is necessary to reckon with some preferences of this plant. Irises do not like shade, poor soil, waterlogged soil. When choosing a place for planting these flowers, you need to give preference to a sunny place, and in order to prevent moisture stagnation, you can place them on an artificially created slope.

To do this, make a small elevation with a slope, equip a good drainage system. When planting irises in flower beds 20 cm high, rainwater can be naturally drained. No matter how close the groundwater is to the surface, it cannot pose a danger to the roots.

Irises are very fond of light, but they do not need abundant hours of sun, it is preferable if the plant is in the shade for some part of the day. An area with partial blackout is ideal.

The soil before planting should be filled with nutrients. For this, organic fertilizers are applied. Then the earth is carefully dug up and loosened. If you start preparing the soil in advance, about a year in advance, you can apply manure. Limey soils are best suited for bulb crops. If the soil does not match, you can add eggshells, chalk or lime to it. Humus is added to sandy soil. It is useful to add superphosphate or ash at the rate of 40 g / 1 sq. meter. Clay soils are enriched with coarse sand, a small amount of compost or humus.

Hybrid varieties of irises can grow in one place for five to ten years, depending on the variety. Irises grow very quickly, it quickly depletes the soil, you have to choose new places for planting these flowers.

A hole is dug under each bulb, for the northern regions it is necessary to make a depth of about 14 cm, for the southern - about 10 cm. A gap of 15 centimeters is left between the holes, under such conditions the plants will develop adequately.

When and how to plant irises

Many experienced flower growers recommend planting iris tubers in the fall. Planting features depend on the selected variety. If the climate is temperate, you can plant the bulbs at a shallow depth. We plant the tubers in the holes, lightly tamp the soil.

If we plant a bulb that has already sprouted, it must be placed so that the border of the green arrow is at the level of the soil. It is not necessary to deepen it strongly. Hands need to gently crush the soil around the bulb. Mulch the surface with peat to protect against weeds. This planting occurs in early spring.

After planting, irises are not watered, they should have enough moisture from the soil. During the growing season and during flowering, plants need watering, but it should not be frequent.

Experienced flower growers recommend planting iris in a greenhouse in early autumn. Already in November, you can get garden flowers suitable for cutting. The time for planting bulbs for distillation is the first decade of February. For the rapid formation of buds and the growth of stems, a constant temperature of 15 degrees is required. Plants need bright light, top dressing and moderate watering.

You can use a special bulb basket for planting Dutch irises. This is a plastic container in which there are a lot of holes for the outflow of water and air access. It is inexpensive and can be purchased at a garden store. The basket is placed on the ground and circled around the contour. Then the sod is removed along this contour to make a planting hole with a depth of about 16 cm. The necessary fertilizers are added to it, and a basket is placed on top.

Soil is poured into the basket, which is mixed with compost. The bulbs are planted in a basket, covered with a layer of earth on top. As soon as the irises stop blooming, the container is dug out. It is very good to clean it so that in a secluded place in the garden the leaves dry out and the bulbs ripen. After the end of the season, the bulbs are dug up to store.

Iris Care

Iris is a modest plant that does not like excesses. Do not water it too abundantly, or overload it with fertilizers. Moderation in care is the key to success. How to properly care for irises? Proper care of irises includes:

• watering;
• soil loosening;
• weed removal;
• soil fertilizer;
• control of diseases and pests.

It is necessary to remove weeds around the planting manually so as not to damage the plant. After the flower grows, weeding can be stopped. In autumn, young plantings must be covered with foliage to protect them from frost. Adult landings no longer need shelter. In the spring, after the snow melts, the leaves are removed.

Fertilization of the soil must be done in the spring, when the topsoil has dried up after the snow has melted. It is necessary to apply mineral fertilizers, to carry out loosening. Just do it carefully so as not to damage the roots of the tubers. At the age of three years, spring top dressing should consist of potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus (1: 2: 1). At the time of bud formation, the proportion is increased (1:3:3). A month after the buds fall, potassium and phosphorus 1: 1 are applied to the soil. Such a triple top dressing will make the flowers hardier.

It is necessary to protect irises from pests and ailments. From the moment when the leaves of the flower grow to 10 cm, spraying should be carried out every two weeks using Malathion and pesticides. This is done before the appearance of the peduncle. Most often, leaf borers attack irises. They damage the leaves, which must be cut immediately. The plant is treated with insecticides.

As a preventive work to protect against pests, it is imperative to remove last year's foliage. If it has been infected, burn it immediately. The earth needs to be dug up. Of the diseases for irises, various forms of leaf spot are dangerous.

bulb storage

When the bulbous irises have already faded, and the foliage has dried up, it is necessary to dig out the bulbs. Novice flower growers will be pleasantly surprised, because in the place where one bulb was planted, a large number of young bulbs are formed. Each of them must be planted separately next year. Preference should be given to large bulbs, small ones are also suitable, but they will grow for several seasons.

Bulbs of Dutch irises are thoroughly dried. They must be stored until the beginning of autumn in a dry place. In the midst of Indian summer, you can start planting on the site. It should be remembered that in cold regions, bulbs planted in autumn need shelter from frost.

A friend shared a few bulbs of irises. In my dacha, only ordinary irises grow (those with rhizomes), so there was a little problem what to do with the bulbs. I would love to learn more about planting and caring for bulbous irises. And the following question is also of interest: when and where is it better to plant them and can they winter in a flower bed?

Growing bulbous irises is somewhat different from simple rhizomatous species, which are much more common in flower beds. Features of the root system dictate special rules for planting and caring for bulbous irises. First of all, this is due to the fact that tender bulbs require careful selection of the planting site. In addition, most varieties are extremely thermophilic, and are absolutely not able to survive in the open field in our winters. However, let's talk about everything in order.

When to plant?

The time for planting bulbs in open ground depends on the variety of irises, for example:

• compact and frost-resistant iridodictiums can be planted in autumn, but not later than September, so that the plants have time to take root and grow stronger;
• less resistant species of juno irises will also endure autumn planting, but subject to additional shelter and in warmer regions;
• Xifium sissies (Dutch irises) are best planted in the spring, because even at a temperature of 10 degrees below zero, the bulbs die.

When planting frost-resistant early-flowering varieties of irises in spring, it should be borne in mind that there will be no flowering in the year of planting, but only for the next season.

Where to plant?

As you know, all bulbous crops (and irises are no exception) do not tolerate high humidity. Areas that suffer from flooding in the spring are categorically not suitable for these plants. Regarding the soil, the best option would be fertilized sandy soil, light enough and fertile.

To grow bulbous irises, you need to select the lightest flower bed - only in good light conditions will they bloom well.

Preparing and planting bulbs

For the purchase of planting material, it is best to contact a specialized store - there are less chances to buy diseased plants. To protect flowers from diseases, especially putrefactive infections and fungi, before planting they must be kept for 30 minutes in a solution of Fundazol or at least potassium permanganate, and then allowed to dry completely.

A healthy iris bulb is firm to the touch, covered with a shiny, golden skin, and free from odd spots and signs of damage.

The depth of the hole for the bulb should be no more than three of its diameters, and the distance between them should be at least 10 cm. You don’t need to water it right away, the available moisture in the soil will be enough for the irises, but the next day you need to moisten the soil well in the hole.

Features of care

Caring for bulbous irises is simple: in the spring they need to be watered regularly, but by the summer the frequency of watering should be reduced, because at this time most varieties are already resting. Dig up xifium bulbs with the arrival of autumn, let them dry and put them in a cardboard box for winter storage. Most flower growers dig up all varieties of irises in the summer, and return them back to the garden in the fall (except for the Dutch ones - they are stored until spring). This is especially true if it often rains, because then the irises can rot.

Video about the features of planting bulbous irises

Irises are a popular garden crop with spectacular flowering and unpretentious character. Many flower growers are interested in planting and caring for irises in the open field. Velvet multi-colored irises are a perennial plant that serves as a real decoration for a flower garden or flower bed.

Irises - description and features of culture

Irises are low perennials of the rhizomatous genus. Translated from Greek, the word Iris means rainbow. Indeed, more than 700 species of irises are known, differing in size, shape, structure and shade of the flower. Outwardly, the iris peduncle looks like an orchid, the color of the petals is the most diverse - from white and pale to rich and bright. In some varieties, the peduncle is colored with two, three or more flowers, and a peculiar pattern is applied to the lower petals.

The beginning of flowering of irises is May and June, lush flowering can continue until the end of June. In autumn, the iris may bloom again - in August and September.

The culture has a vast geography around the world, some varieties are found in the harsh climate of the Northern Hemisphere. In nature, there are rhizomatous and bulbous irises, which outwardly are absolutely similar to each other. Rhizome irises are stable and unpretentious, winter well and are not afraid of cold weather. Bulb varieties require a little more care and attention. The field flower iris has long been loved by flower growers and has become urban. You should learn everything about the care and planting of irises in open ground.

Rules for planting irises in open ground

Rhizome irises prefer a well-lit area where they will bloom for a long time and beautifully. For the free distribution of roots, irises need space - at least half a meter from each other. All species love loose, nutrient-rich and fatty soil in structure. Planting irises in the spring in the ground is carried out after compost and potassium-phosphorus fertilizers have been introduced. Manure is not recommended.

Soil moisture for each variety needs its own:

• bearded iris is best planted with a fan on the slopes, so that there is a good outflow of rain and melt water;
• Siberian iris and marsh iris are best grown where it is always damp - near water bodies and in partial shade.

The area under the irises is dug up, treated with fungicides against harmful insects, and herbicides to reduce the growth of weeds. For rhizomatous irises, soil with a neutral environment is preferable. If the soil is highly acidic, it should be mixed with ash, lime or chalk. When planting, the upper kidney remains on the surface of the soil, it is not buried.

Rhizome varieties - how to plant irises in spring:

1. A hole is dug under the root, in the center of which a small mound is poured.
2. The central root should be placed on the mound, and the lateral roots should be distributed to the sides.
3. The main rhizome is sprinkled with earth, a layer of sand is applied on top, the earth is slightly compacted.
4. Do not deepen the roots too much, they should be located close to the surface of the soil.
5. Let the central kidney remain free from the earth - above its surface.

Bulbous irises - planting and care in the open field:

1. Bulbs are planted in early spring or autumn before frost.
2. The temperature of the soil for planting should be at least 10 °, otherwise the bulbs may freeze.
3. A shallow trench is dug, the bulbs go deep into the trench by 3-4 cm, no more.
4. The total planting depth should be approximately 10-12 cm.
5. The excavated soil is mixed with garden soil for nutrition, river sand and crushed coal for drainage, with double superphosphate for growth.
6. Prepared grooves are disinfected by spilling a solution of potassium permanganate and a growth stimulator to strengthen the roots.
7. Iris bulbs are planted with a sprout upwards, without deepening too much, at a sufficient distance from each other - 15-20 cm.
8. Soil is poured on top, which should be lightly tamped so that the bulbs do not crawl to the surface.
9. Re-watering is necessary only after 3-4 days.

Excessive deepening of the roots harms the growth and development of irises, while the soil should not be heavy. For loosening, compost, peat and coarse sand are added to the soil.

Small-bulb varieties of irises are not demanding on moisture. They are deepened to three times the height of the bulb, their flowering begins next spring.

Iris care - basics and secrets

According to experienced flower growers, irises are strong and viable plants that grow and bloom well without fertilizer. However, in the third year of life, it is recommended to pamper the flower with a phased complex top dressing - in the spring, during the budding period and after flowering. In response to care, the plant will become stronger and stronger, it will grow faster and bloom more abundantly.

Irises - spring care:

• top dressing in a ratio of 2: 1: 1 - nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium;
• watering depending on the surrounding weather conditions.

During the budding period, top dressing should be carried out in a ratio of 3: 1: 3 - nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium. At the same time, watering and spraying are carried out as needed. A month after the end of flowering, top dressing is recommended in a 1: 1 ratio - phosphorus plus potassium. In the autumn period, before wintering, dry mineral fertilizer should be applied in a tablespoon, scattering it under each plant root.

Irises should be watered under the root when the earth around the bush is completely dry. After planting, the plant is watered only after three days.

How to feed irises in spring:

• if a lack of minerals is noticed, then mineral dressing should be applied personally for each bush;
• in early spring, a complex nitrogen-potassium-phosphorus fertilizer for flowers is useful for the plant.

Prevention from diseases and pests includes sanitary pruning of dead parts of the plant, timely removal of wilted flower stalks, regular spraying and showering, and cleaning the beds from fallen leaves. In open ground, iris plantings are weeded by hand, the soil is loosened with care and watered as needed. Before winter, the rhizomes are sprinkled with earth and covered, as they are located close to the surface itself and can freeze.

How and when to transplant irises

Irises can be planted in three ways - rhizomes, shoots and grown from seeds. Getting plants from seeds is the longest and most difficult way. In practice, it is much easier and faster to grow flowers by dividing the bush and shoots. At the same time, plants grown from rhizomes will bloom the next year, and seed plantings will have to wait another 2-3 years.

How and when to transplant irises:

• the best time for transplanting is early spring, that is, March-April, before flowering;
• flowers are propagated by division of the rhizome and sprouts.

Transplanting irises in the spring to another place is carried out using only healthy and strong plants that will take root quickly and without problems. Rhizomes are taken out of the ground and divided into parts so that each individual root rosette has one leaf bud. Excess foliage should be trimmed. Before planting, the roots are dipped for several minutes in a solution of potassium permanganate for disinfection. Dried rhizomes are planted in shallow trenches or small planting holes at a distance of 50-60 cm from each other.

With vegetative propagation, the iris must bloom at least once. After that, until the moment of budding, young shoots can be taken from it. New plants should be rooted in the period from March to May in a shady place, creating greenhouse conditions. Full rooting can be observed after 2-3 weeks.

Irises can be grown from seeds. In autumn, the seeds are sown in a pot with a sandy substrate, covered with polyethylene or glass. By spring, the seeds will germinate, they dive and planted in open ground. When to plant irises outdoors in spring? The optimal time for landing in the ground is early spring, the month of March and April. By this time, young plantings will already grow up enough, they will be able to quickly and fully take root in the ground.

Irises in landscape design

The high decorative qualities of irises make it possible to plant them in flowerbeds and mixborders, along fences, in flower beds and rockeries. The ideal place for them is on a hill, where there is no stagnant moisture, and there is no close contact with groundwater. There are short and tall types of irises. Tall plants are usually tied up so that they do not break and hold the bud well. Dwarf irises grow in a solid wall, they require periodic pruning and watering in dry weather.

Irises in landscape design photo:

Knowing the rules for planting and caring for irises in the open field will make it easy and simple to grow these plants in the backyard. When you see an iris, you are not at all drawn to pick it, you want to admire it endlessly, inhaling the delicate and delicate aroma of a flower.

Such different irises on the site - video

The choice of plants for a flower bed has long ceased to be a problem - a huge amount of seeds, seedlings and bulbs are sold in stores, nurseries and markets. The main thing is to decide on the composition of the flower bed and choose the necessary palette. Each grower is like an artist. But beauty is created not by broad strokes of oil paints, but by delicate flower buds.

A win-win option for decorating large and small flower beds can be Dutch iris. This is a bulbous plant with large beautiful flowers of an unusual shape.

What does an iris bulb look like?

This is a perennial herbaceous plant with an elongated bulb instead of a rhizome. The bulb itself is a modified and shortened underground shoot resembling a kidney. With a vertical cut from the top to the bottom, in the middle part of the bulb, you can find the embryo of the flower arrow. Around it, like wrappers, are the rudiments of leaves. They are entrusted with the function of accumulating nutrients.

Between the embryos of the leaves are axillary and central buds. The outer layer of the bulb is the integumentary scales. The diameter of the bulbs is not very large - it ranges from 2 to 3.5 cm.

Botanical description

More familiar to our gardeners are rhizomatous species of irises. These are the flowers that in childhood we called cockerels and irises. However, bulbous irises are no longer exotic either. The most common of these is the Dutch iris. The scientific name of this flower is Xiphium. Despite the fact that the xifium is in the Iris family and belongs to the genus Iris, it is recognized as a separate representative of the genus. Sometimes, by the way, this causes confusion in the specialized literature.

Iris dutch bulbous, planting and caring for which are described in this article, gives flower stalks of different heights. A dwarf species can give a peduncle 30 cm high. An ordinary xifium reaches a height of 80 cm.

The plant has narrowly grooved leaves, and the flower has a complex structure. There are 3 outer and 3 inner perianth lobes in a bud. The inner lobes are arranged vertically and have a narrow and broadly lanceolate shape. The outer lobes are rounded and directed downward.

Usually on the outer perianth segments there is a yellow or orange spot in the center. The Dutch iris bud has several color options and leaf widths. Moreover, it can be monophonic or two-color.

The following color of petals is possible:

• white;
• yellow of different intensity;
• different shades of blue and blue;
• different shades of purple;
• lilac;
• combinations of all the listed colors.

Where are Dutch irises used?

Dutch iris is often planted in home gardens and garden beds. Landscape designers are actively promoting the look, using it in mixborders and alpine slides. Bright flowers make up bouquets that are appropriate to give to men, especially blue and purple bouquets. Low-growing bulbous irises can be grown as houseplants.

It is worth noting that the cut flower of the bulbous Dutch iris will stand in a bouquet much longer than the root varieties. It is especially good to use rainwater for a vase, because it does not contain chlorine.

How to choose soil for planting

When Dutch iris is described, planting appears to many as a difficult task. But it is not so. It is enough to have information about several nuances of this process.

One of them is the choice of soil for the plant. The main thing you need to know is that irises do not tolerate excess moisture. They quickly die from rotting of the bulb and roots. Before planting, it is important to take care of drainage. However, it is not necessary to place it directly under the plants. Shallow trenches filled with gravel or broken bricks, dug near the flower bed along its entire length, have proven themselves well.

For those who are going to plant the Dutch bulbous iris for the first time, planting and care begin with the choice of soil. The ideal soil for this plant is loose, with high air permeability, nutritious, neutral or slightly alkaline. In addition, it must be waterproof.

Soddy and leafy soil is mixed into sandy and peat soils, if necessary, acidity is adjusted. Do not use fresh manure and excessive doses of chemical fertilizers. The ideal option is well-ripened compost or humus (a bucket of compost per 1 m² of land). After making top dressing, thoroughly mix with the soil. In the future, irises are fed with wood ash.

How to plant bulbs

Do you want Dutch bulbous iris to bloom under your window? Planting is done as follows:

1. With a round peg (diameter about 5 cm), the soil is pierced 15 cm deep. Between the pits maintain a distance of about 10 cm.
2. A handful of coarse river sand is poured into the hole, into which the bulb is buried by 1-2 cm.
3. From above, the bulb is covered with the same sand.

After purchase, any bulbs should be treated with a fungicide solution and dried slightly. Before planting, no later than 2 days, a flower bed or flowerpot is watered with a weak solution of potassium permanganate and potassium humate.

Slightly sprouted bulbs, with sprouts and roots, are planted in a trench. The depth can be from 15 to 20 cm. This helps to carefully position the roots and not damage them. In this case, the sand is filled up to about 2/3 of the height of the trench. From above, Dutch irises (bulbous species), are gently squeezed with sand and covered with soil mixture. Then watering is done. The soil can be mulched with sand, small pebbles, gravel.

Another convenient way to land

Dutch bulbous irises can be planted in a special basket. This is a plastic container with a large number of holes and holes for air access and water outflow. It is inexpensive, it can be found in flower shops or ordered on the World Wide Web.

The basket must be placed on the ground and circled with a shovel, remove the sod along the contour and dig a hole about 15 cm deep, add the necessary fertilizers to it, then put the basket on top and pour loose earth mixed with compost into it. Further, the required number of bulbs is placed in the basket, which are covered with earth from above. At the end of flowering, the container is dug out, and all the bulbs are stored.

flowering time

Flowering begins at the end of May. Depending on the variety, the difference in the time of appearance of flower stalks with buds is 2-3 weeks. If the street is humid and cool, then the flowers delight up to three to four weeks. In dry sunny weather, they fade faster.

If you choose varieties of bulbous irises with different flowering, then a chic flower bed will delight even longer. And after that, juicy and beautiful foliage will remain, which can also serve as a decoration.

How to Care for Blooming Dutch Iris

During flowering, the Dutch iris is not very whimsical. It should be watered only in very dry summers. Usually Xifium is enough natural humidity and morning dew. If neighboring plants require watering, then the irises are simply covered with a film so that water does not enter the holes. Bulbous irises do not need regular top dressing. It is enough to feed with wood ash or a mineral mixture a week before flowering. Time is determined by the beginning of the formation of buds, they look like seals between the leaves of the plant.

What to do next

So, the buds have faded, the Xifium foliage has completely dried up. What to do next? Does the Dutch iris require care after flowering? After the leaves of the plant have completely dried, the bulb should be dug up. What is nice, where the gardener planted one bulb, there will be a small nest of them. Each onion can be planted separately next year, or you can leave them as a nest for 3-4 years. If the gardener divided it, then only the largest bulbs will bloom next year, and the little thing will grow for several seasons, preparing for flowering.

The bulbs are dried and stored in a dry place until the beginning of the Indian summer. Then they can be planted again in flower beds, but if the climate in the region is cold, then the planting should be covered for the winter. Thus, you can understand the color scheme, the timing of flowering and the height of the peduncles, and form the perfect flower garden next year.

Diseases and pests

Dutch iris is damaged by leaf drillers. In this case, damaged leaves are cut off, and the plant is treated with insecticides. Be sure to dig up the ground in the fall and remove last year's foliage and cut stems and branches of other plants.

Of the diseases, the most dangerous for irises are various forms of spotting.

Named after the goddess of the rainbow, Irida, these magnificent flowers, blooming in all their glory in early summer, delight us with a variety of natural variations in shades and shapes, as well as a pronounced fresh aroma. Caring for a beautiful plant is not difficult, so you do not have to be persuaded to buy it. However, not every gardener knows that irises can be grown from bulbs. In order for the iris to grow in a good way and show off in your garden, read the conditions for the proper planting of bulbous irises in open ground in spring and autumn.

Varieties and varieties of bulbous irises: descriptions and nuances of care and cultivation

As a rule, irises are self-rooted plants, they are also called rhizomatous, but there are also bulbous flowers. Despite the fact that outwardly they are very similar and it is almost impossible to distinguish them, planting and caring for them are somewhat different.

Bulbous irises include 3 separate genera, each of which has its own characteristics: xifium, iridodictium and juno.

Xifium (Xiphium)

These bulbous irises got this name due to the shape of their leaves, reminiscent of swords (from the Greek "xiphium" - "sword"), respectively, they are narrow and elongated.

By the way! The northwest of the Mediterranean coast is considered the homeland of the xifiums, therefore, without digging, they can only be grown in warm and dry southern regions. In the middle lane (Moscow region) it is necessary to dig.

The shape of flowers in xifiums is the simplest of all bulbous irises, but quite large - up to 10 centimeters in diameter. The height of the flowers themselves is from 30 to 80 centimeters.

The inflorescences of these irises have purple, blue, blue, yellow or white flowers. Often you can find a two-tone color. It all depends on what specific type and variety you get.

Interesting! Xifium is also called Dutch iris.

Iridodictium (Iridodictyum) or mesh (reticulata)

Such a complex name ("Iridodictium") went to these bulbous flowers because of the bright (variegated) color of their inflorescences (from the Greek "iris" - "rainbow") and the structure of the upper layer of the bulbs, which, as it were, in a net (from the Greek. "diction" - "grid"), so they are sometimes called mesh.

The place of active growth is the highlands of Central Asia and the Western Urals, as well as the Caucasus and the Balkans. Actually, therefore, they are the most adaptable to difficult conditions, for example, the same middle zone (Moscow region), and they can theoretically be grown in one place for 4-5 years without digging for the summer.

Iridodictiums are quite small in size. They can reach a height of no more than 15 cm, the diameter of the flowers is about 5-7 cm. The leaves of these bulbous flowers are narrow and rigid, appear simultaneously with the buds. A distinctive feature of iridodictiums is their amazing, one might even say, exotic flowers, which not only have a very unusual color, but they also smell pleasantly, having a very rich aroma.

As a rule, the flowering period of iridodictiums falls on March-April, the period is about 2 weeks.

Juno

It is not difficult to guess where these bulbous irises got their name from. Yes, that's right, in honor of the name of the Roman goddess Juno, who was considered the main patroness of women.

They are very widespread in the mountains of the Caucasus, in Asia Minor and Central Asia, in South Africa, and also in the Mediterranean. Therefore, along with iridodictiums, junons are considered quite viable and in the same place without digging and transplanting can safely grow up to 4-5 years.

Depending on the species (they are most widely represented - 40 species, iridodictium - 11, and xifium - only 6 species), the height of plants can vary between 10-50 centimeters.

The structure of the juno is the most unusual among all bulbous irises: leaves grow in several rows on the trunk, and flowers appear from the axils of these leaves, as well as on the top of the stem.

Their inflorescences, as a rule, can have a white, yellow, purple and lilac color. And some species have a very pleasant smell.

In most cases, junos bloom a little later than reticulated irises, that is, in April-May, but longer, about 2-3 weeks.

By the way! Juno loves dry places very much, that is, she practically does not need any additional watering.

When to plant bulbous irises: optimal timing

The optimal time for planting bulbous irises is the end of summer - the beginning of autumn. In general, it is better to plant small-bulbous plants a little earlier, because if the bulbs are planted shallowly, they can suffer with a sharp drop in temperature, so it is better to give them more time to root.

Yes, in Middle lane (Moscow region) irises are best planted late August - early September, and in warm southern regions procedure can be transferred for October, which definitely cannot be done in the Urals and Siberia.

However, it often happens that already in early spring (or at the end of winter - in February) iris bulbs appear on sale, you cannot restrain yourself and buy them, or they give them to you. What to do in this case?

To plant bulbous irises in the spring and try to get them to bloom this season, you can try to simulate a cooling period, namely: put in a refrigerator in a box or in some kind of container (moreover, so that the sprouts, if they germinate, look up, and not bent), or planted in a pot of earth and put on a balcony or in the same refrigerator. And then land in April-May.

By the way! According to flower growers, irises planted in spring most often really bloom this year, but only in summer.

Video: planting bulbous irises in a pot

How to plant bulbous irises in open ground: rules and recommendations

To successfully grow your favorite flowers, you must consistently and clearly follow the following rules and recommendations.

Planting site and soil

It is optimal for bulbous irises to choose a well-lit, sunny and calm place, without access to drafts, in light partial shade. Like all bulbs, lowlands (in which moisture will accumulate in spring) and areas with too close groundwater are categorically not suitable for planting. Excess moisture is detrimental to the bulbs.

For planting spring bulbous irises, choose places near the house or near garden paths so that they catch your eye more often during their short flowering. Rock garden or is perfect. It is beautiful to plant them next to other bulbs that bloom in early spring, for example, with the same,.

With crocuses

As for the soil, these bulbous dogs are well planted in light, permeable and fertile soil with neutral acidity.

bulb preparation

If you do not want your iris bulbs, God forbid, to rot, then before planting, hold them in a solution of potassium permanganate or a special fungicide for dressing, such as "Maxim Dachnik" or "Fundazol".

Direct fit

Step-by-step instructions for planting bulbous irises in open ground:

How to care for bulbous irises outdoors

In the care and cultivation of bulbous irises, in principle, there is nothing complicated, but some standard garden manipulations still have to be remembered and carried out.

Watering

Bulbous irises require moderate watering. It is especially important not to forget to water the plant in dry weather (including in the fall after planting, if there is no rain at all), namely during their active growth, that is, during the formation of buds and direct flowering. At the end of flowering, watering is no longer required. Flowers now need period dry rest.

Advice! If you do not want an unaesthetic earthen crust to form around the irises after watering, then do not forget to loosen the soil.

top dressing

If you want to get a brighter and more lush flowering, then you should fertilize the irises several times in the spring.

• So, during the first feeding, which should be done immediately after removing the shelter, that is, even in the very early spring, at the beginning of the growing season, must be entered nitrogen fertilizer(Allowed and a small content of potassium and phosphorus).
• When does the period start? budding, then the flower should be fed already potassium-phosphorus fertilizer (with big content potassium, the presence of nitrogen is also allowed).
• Straightaway after flowering should be done exclusively phosphorus-potassium top dressing.

Bulb Digging

It is very important to dig up the iris bulbs in time, otherwise, due to excessive moisture (rain), they may rot. If, as a rule, they dig up only after their leaves turn yellow, then in the case of bulbous irises, you do not need to wait so long. It is optimal to get them out of the ground approximately 2 weeks after flowering when they just wilt a little and start to turn yellow. As a rule, this moment falls on the end of May - the beginning of June.

Note! Irises can not be dug up for the summer if during this period you (in your climate zone) do not have any rains at all, because they need a dry dormant period.

The dug out iris bulbs should disinfect in a pink solution of potassium permanganate or any other fungicide (for example, "Maxim Dachnik" or "Fundazol"), then as it should dry(2-3 weeks) and put in storage in a dry room with good ventilation until a new autumn landing in open ground.

Important! As mentioned earlier, each genus of bulbous irises has its own growing characteristics. So, xifiums should be dried at a higher temperature (+30-35 degrees), and iridodictiums and junos- medium enough (+ 20-25 degrees). In the last days of drying, the temperature should be lowered to + 15-18 degrees.

Shelter for the winter

If autumn is rainy, then so that the iris bulbs do not get wet from excessive moisture, they should be covered with something, for example, roofing material or a plastic box from under the cake.

If your winters are cold and snowless, then spruce branches and dry leaves are suitable for winter shelter, you can also cover with spanbond or film. More heat-loving young people especially need shelter for the winter.

Important! Do not forget in early spring (immediately after the snow melts) to remove the shelter.

Thus, the main care for bulbous irises in the spring consists in removing the shelter, watering them (and then loosening them), feeding and digging up at the end of flowering.

To get more positive from a delightful flower, you need to seriously think about the intricacies of planting and growing bulbous irises in the open field.

Video: features of planting and growing bulbous irises

In contact with

Incredibly airy and colorful representatives of the iris family win the hearts of gardeners at first sight. True, we treat them not very fairly: our gardens are decorated with tall rhizomatous plant species, while bulbous irises are undeservedly ignored. There is an opinion among flower lovers that the vagaries of bulbous crops are not worth the effort spent on painstaking care of them, but this is not at all the case! By strictly observing the agricultural technique of planting and growing bulbous irises, impressive results can be achieved.

Beautifully flowering bulbous culture is divided into 3 types. Iridodictium, or reticulated iris, iris reticulum Bright early spring beauties compete in grace and charm with crocus, blueberry, galanthus and scylla. Iridodictium is the smallest type of bulbous iris. The height of an adult specimen of the plant does not exceed 15 cm. Slightly elongated or rounded bulbs of the plant reach 2 cm in diameter. They are covered with rows of mesh scales. The stem of the iridodictium is framed by elongated narrow 3- or 4-sided leaves. The bulbous iris flower of this species attracts with a fragrant aroma. The color of the petals is very diverse and varies from white to lilac, with beautiful transitions from dark to light tone and a clearly defined beard. The perianth consists of six petals, three of which are internal (narrowed, torn in the upper part, wavy light colors) and three external (horizontally allocated, marked with a bright stripe in the center). Each peduncle crowns one flower. The fruit is a capsule filled with irregularly shaped seeds. In spring, flower stalks appear first, then leaves. When the reticulated iris blooms, its leaves barely stretch to 10 cm, but after a while increase to 45 cm. Flowering lasts about two weeks. Toward the beginning of June, the leaves of the iris turn yellow and die off a little later - the plant is preparing to rest. Iridodictium bulbs are known for their frost resistance and in regions with a mild climate they winter quietly in the ground. One of the most popular and strong varieties of bulbous mesh iris is Katharina Hodgkin. The plant can be in the same area for more than 5 years, without requiring mandatory digging and drying. Juno, or iris pearl Juno is a rare aristocratic bulb culture. It blooms from April to May, then the peduncle and leaves die off. The plant grows to a height of 20 to 40 cm. Several tiers of sickle-shaped leaves surround the stem in two regular rows. One peduncle holds on itself 2 - 5 flowers of pale yellow or faded lilac color. The plant goes to rest in mid-late June. During this period, the fleshy bulbs of iris are dug up, dried thoroughly and planted again in September. Unlike reticulated iris, juno does not have good resistance to low temperatures, so for the winter it is protected by spruce branches or fallen leaves. The most beautiful and promising varieties of the species: juno Bukhara, Worley, blue, replacing. Xifium, or Dutch iris Despite the prevalence and availability, in the iris family, the xifiums are the most finicky. Most often, bulbous Dutch irises are full of flowers in our gardens - these are xifiums. Their flowers are loved for their diverse color palette: rich and pastel blue, deep blue, yellow, cream, white. Most varieties of Dutch irises are bicolor. A beautiful and smooth mixing of colors is observed closer to the middle of the bud. The medium-sized xifium bulb is bottle-shaped. After planting, narrow leaves of rich green color, pointed at the tips, grow from it. The shoots of the plant are unbranched, decorated with single flowers. The plant does not tolerate cold at all - a temperature of -10 ° C is detrimental to it. This species feature completely eliminates the question of whether it is necessary to dig up bulbous irises: in order to preserve the fragile beauty until next year, on the eve of cold weather, the bulbs must be dug up and planted back in the spring. In truth, the cost of Dutch irises is very democratic, so many flower growers do not bother storing bulbs and consider irises of this species as an annual crop. You can talk about the diversity of Dutch irises for an infinitely long time: there are a lot of xifiums, but they are all incredibly beautiful. Rate photos of Dutch bulbous irises of different varieties: Depeche Mode; Black dragon; Cupid Father; Fruit cocktail; Forge Fire; Pumpkin Cheesecake. Xifiums of the Spanish variety are even more vulnerable than their Dutch counterparts, so they are certainly removed from the soil for the winter, even in the south of the country. The variety of English xifiums is more frost-resistant and grows without problems in central Russia, but these plants are rarely found on sale. All types of bulbous irises are very sensitive to stagnant water, so immediately abandon the idea of ​​​​planting them in an area with a high level of groundwater and poor drainage - the plants will rot. The ideal soil for bulbous irises is light, nutritious, with adequate drainage. These characteristics are fully consistent with sandy soil, fed with organic fertilizers. Light-loving iris is best planted in a well-lit area. Even partial shading will not allow the plant to bloom violently. The time when bulbous irises are planted depends on the type of plant. So, the most suitable period for planting iridodictiums and junos is early autumn. Ideally, the bulbs should be planted in the ground in early September. Planting can be done later, it is important that this happens 2 weeks before the arrival of the first frost. If the iris bulbs are in the soil later, they simply will not have time to take root and will meet the winter completely unprepared - the plant will most likely die. Planting and further care of bulbous irises can be postponed until spring, just keep in mind that spring irises can bloom only after a year. Xifiums, especially the "Dutch" and "Spaniards", grow well in March-April, when the sun's rays have already warmed the soil to 10 ° C. Abundant flowering plants will delight you in June-July. Planting bulbous irises in spring and autumn: step by step instructions Step one. Prepare bulbs for planting Bulbous plants are a tidbit for fungal rot. Before immersing the bulbs in the ground, carefully inspect and evaluate their condition. Planting material is usually purchased in late winter or early spring. It is most reliable to choose irises not in spontaneous markets, but in specialized points of sale, where the seller is responsible for maintaining the temperature regime during the dormant period. A healthy bulb is even, smooth, without dents, cuts or stains. It is covered with a dense shiny shell of a golden brown hue. Before planting, planting material is treated with special preparations that protect young plants from fungus. To do this, you can use a strong solution of potassium permanganate, Maxim or Fundazol: immerse the bulbs for 40 minutes in a disinfectant solution, then dry them thoroughly and only then proceed to planting. Step two. Prepare the ground Dig a suitable area and add sand or other loosening agents there if the soil is too dense and does not pass moisture well. Irises are extremely demanding in terms of soil nutrition, so fertilize the soil with perennial compost before planting. Fresh manure for onion crops is contraindicated, as it can cause the development of diseases of fungal origin. Step three. Plant your bulbs the right way Place the iris bulbs upside down in small holes to a depth of no more than 8 cm. Keep the interval between planting holes from 10 to 15 cm. Do not water fresh plantings: for successful acclimatization of the bulbs, it will be enough that they are in the soil. It is also necessary to sprinkle holes with bulbs wisely: the layer of soil over the future iris should correspond to three diameters of the bulb itself (about 8 - 10 cm). Following this recommendation will help irises survive the winter cold. According to experienced flower growers, a deliberate increase in the planting depth of heat-loving xifiums to 15–20 cm allows them to keep their bulbs in the soil in winter and turn them into true perennials. To make the wintering of Xifiums planted in autumn comfortable, cover the plantings with a peat mulch layer, and put spruce branches or dry foliage on top. Features of growing bulbous irises Irises will certainly appreciate plentiful and regular watering in the spring, during the vegetative growth period. But in the summer, the bulbous plant rests, so the bulbs should be kept warm and dry. Such ideal conditions can be provided for iris by digging up the bulbs, drying them and putting them in a box with sawdust until autumn. The temperature in this case should be in the frames of 18 - 25 ° C. This is a mandatory procedure for tender youngsters, iridodictiums can be left in the ground for the summer. But if the summer brought with it heavy rains and moisture, plantings of mesh irises are protected with a film or roofing material. Iridodictiums and junos endure snowy and mild winters quite calmly. But in snowless, harsh periods with low temperatures, the soil above the bulbs needs additional warming. A reliable “blanket” for plantings is spruce branches, fallen dry leaves or lutrasil. Responsible care for bulbous irises involves proper storage. In order to guarantee the protection of xifiums from freezing, they are dug up in autumn and kept until spring in a cold, but frost-free room (cellar or refrigerator) at a temperature of no more than 10 ° C. How to propagate bulbous irises Getting offspring from your favorite flowers has its own characteristics. Bulbous irises actively multiply and in 2-3 years they grow into a whole nest of bulbs. The first babies appear within a year after planting. In summer, irises dig up and divide the nest into large and small bulbs. Large ones are dried and stored until autumn, and children are not dried, immediately planting them for growing. Blooms "young growth" in 2 - 3 years. Diseases and pests of bulbous irises If the weather and climatic conditions go against the optimal conditions for growing irises, the flowers begin to hurt and suffer from various pests. Initially insect-infested iris bushes are very easy to identify - pay attention to the number of their leaves. A healthy plant grows from 7 to 9 leaves, while a weak iris will barely get 5 leaves. In early spring, the voracious caterpillars of the scoop butterfly pose the greatest danger to bulbous plants: they gnaw leaves and destroy flower stalks. To protect against pests, granosan is added to the ground at the base of the irises. Thrips are another enemy of bulbous plants. Insects usually accumulate in the axillary corners of the leaves. To get rid of them, try spraying the foliage with diluted karbofos several times (20-30 g per 10 liters of water). From slugs in wet weather, superphosphate will help, which is sprinkled with soil in the area with irises. Irreparable damage to the bulbous plant is caused by bacterial rot of the rhizome. If you notice the problem in time, the affected iris can still be saved. To do this, the rotten areas are cut with a sharp knife to a healthy tissue, after which the cut is washed with a concentrated solution of potassium permanganate, and then covered with Novikov's liquid (a mixture of brilliant green with BF-6 glue). The microorganisms that caused the development of rot die if the soil near the rhizome is cleared and the cut place is warmed in direct sunlight. Another most dangerous disease for irises is all forms of leaf spotting. As soon as yellowish spots appear on at least one of the bushes, all plantings are treated with a fungicide with enhanced action (Fundazol, Quadris, Bravo, Fitosporin-M). If the spots managed to “spread” into several bushes, arrange several treatments for irises with an interval of 7 to 8 days.

Irises are among those unpretentious flower crops that can be planted with equal success in spring, autumn and even summer. But autumn planting, according to most flower growers, is the most preferable and desirable.

Features of the autumn planting of irises

Among the benefits of planting irises in autumn are the following important points:

• Before the onset of real cold weather, the plant manages to take root qualitatively, safely survives the winter, and then starts growing very early in the spring. The renewal buds formed on the rhizome are already clearly visible, they have grown stronger and lignified.
• In autumn, the number of insect pests drops sharply. The damage they can do to flowers is much less than in spring.
• By landing in the autumn, when there are not so many worries, we free up precious spring time, which is especially busy.

Irises are best planted in the ground in late summer or early autumn.

The downside of the autumn planting of irises is the need to guess with the timing, otherwise the immature plants may freeze out.

Autumn planting of irises

Planting irises is no more difficult than most other rhizomatous and bulbous crops. But some nuances still need to be taken into account.

Planting irises is easy - no more difficult than other bulbous and rhizomatous flower crops

You don't need to repot irises every year. Nests grow too large only in the 4-5th year, that's when they need to be divided and seated.

Video: dividing and planting irises in the fall

Landing dates

Take up planting and transplanting irises should be 5-6 weeks before the onset of persistent cold weather. In regions with harsh and cold climatic conditions, the end of August is the most suitable for planting. In the middle lane, where the climate is a little milder, gardeners can plant flower bulbs in the ground in early and mid-September. The weather of the southern warm regions allows these events to be held until the end of October.

The key to a successful wintering will be the full rooting of the flower in the fall.

Irises planted in autumn should have time to take root before the cold weather

Irises have been growing in one place for several years now and bloomed very weakly, because the plants interfered with each other. Due to family and unforeseen circumstances, they could not be seated immediately. Hands reached them only at the beginning of September. It was too late for a transplant, but I had to take a chance. The first frosts occurred within two weeks, and the winter was early and with little snow. Almost all irises died.

Video: when and how to plant irises in the fall

Site selection and preparation

For irises, you need to pick up a well-lit sunny area, protected from sharp gusty winds, on a small hill with a slight slope to the south, so that excess moisture is removed and plantings are illuminated more evenly. If the liquid stagnates or the groundwater is close, it will be necessary to build an additional drainage layer, since this culture has a superficial root system and does not tolerate excess moisture.

Irises develop better and bloom more abundantly in open sunny areas that are protected from strong winds.

Best of all, irises develop and bloom on fatty nutrient loams that have a slightly acidic or neutral reaction. Too acidic soils must be limed in advance with dolomite flour or fluff lime. 5–7 days before the expected planting date, the earth is well dug up with the following components:

Video: choose a place for irises

Instructions for planting irises

Planting material is pre-soaked in a weak solution of potassium permanganate for disinfection for 20-30 minutes.

Rhizomes of irises for disinfection can be soaked in a solution of a special preparation for dressing

Landing technology consists of the following steps:

1. They dig a shallow landing hole (10-12 cm), in the center of which they form a mound about 2-3 cm high.

   First, a shallow landing hole is prepared and a mound of earth is poured in the middle

2. Depending on the variety and size of the plants, between individual specimens, when planting, leave from 10 to 50 cm.

   Between irises leave a distance of 10 to 50 cm, depending on their size.

3. The seedling is placed at the top of the mound, straightening and distributing absorbent roots along its slopes.

   Irises are placed on earthen mounds and straighten the roots along their slopes.

4. The roots are covered with earth and compact the soil. In this case, the root neck and some part of the rhizome with a slight bend should be above the soil surface (the bend is turned to the south), and the leaf fan should be vertical.

   The rhizome of a properly planted iris is partially on the surface

5. After that, the soil is moderately moistened (0.5 l per bush).

Proper planting of iris in the ground

Bulbous varieties of irises are planted at a depth equal to three head diameters, usually about 10-12 cm.

Video: features of planting bulbous varieties of irises

Video: how to plant irises

Timely and competent autumn planting of irises will allow them to winter well, and in the spring to please their owners, albeit with a short, but colorful and violent early flowering.