The design of interior doors scheme. How to make a wooden door with your own hands - a step by step guide

Doors are used to delimit any space. They can be of different quality and have different parameters. Their functions are also different. Despite this, do-it-yourself wooden doors are very popular. Their technical properties and characteristics are at a high level. The external design of this can be standard or developed according to a unique design. It all depends on the interior design and the functions of the door.

Varieties of wooden doors

To date, there are several types of doors that are made of wood:

• entrance wooden doors to an apartment or house;
• interior doors.

The functions of these structures are different. Entrance doors serve not only to decorate the facade of the building, but also protect the house from "unwanted guests". Interroom doors are capable to create closed space. They are often installed in the bedroom or children's room. In the kitchen, such doors will be simply indispensable, since this room differs from all the others in the presence of odors that are formed during the cooking process.

Characteristics of wooden doors

There are certain differences of any wooden doors. They are not only in functionality and the choice of raw materials for their manufacture, but also differ:

• by the degree of transparency;
• the number of sashes.

According to the degree of transparency, there are deaf and glazed wooden doors. Photos of such structures are quite diverse. By the number of wings, the doors are divided into:

• on single-leaf;
• bivalve.

And those and other types of wooden doors with your own hands can be done quite quickly. The most important thing is to have some knowledge in the field of manufacturing wooden structures.

Types of parameters of wooden doors

In this matter, the classification of door panels consists of two types:

• doors of standard sizes;
• sizes.

Only each type of door (entrance or interior) has its own specific dimensions.

Dimensions of the entrance wooden door

Before you make wooden entrance doors with your own hands, you need to know their certain parameters. So, there are several standard sizes of wooden doors that are used for the entrance of the building:

• 2100 x 1200 mm
• 2100 x 900 mm.

That is, doors can be single-leaf and double-leaf.

Dimensions of interior wooden doors

It is worth considering that the manufacture of wooden doors is carried out only on the basis of established dimensions. They in interior structures of this type can be:

• 2100 x 700 mm;
• 2100 x 800 mm;
• 2100 x 900 mm;
• 2100 x 1200 mm;
• 2100 x 1600 mm.

This type of door also has a division into single-leaf and double-leaf. The first three parameters are used to make a do-it-yourself wooden door for such premises: a bedroom, a nursery, and so on. That is, for living quarters. All the rest are used for arranging utility rooms.

Varieties of designs of wooden doors

The production of wooden doors is based on the design of the room. There are several types of door panels that differ from each other in the way they open:

• swing;
• folding;
• sliding.

Swing interior doors are characterized by opening the door leaf in one or two directions. Only such designs are not recommended for arranging a room that is small in size.

Folding doors are more practical and can be used to decorate any room. They can be unfolded and folded without taking up any space. The opening of the door leaf occurs in one plane.

They are made according to the principle of folding. They also have one opening plane, only in this process they do not fold, but move apart. It is possible to open such doors both in one and in two directions, if they have two wings.

Advantages of wooden doors

Why are wooden doors so popular at the moment? This is due only to the properties of raw materials.

So, wooden doors have:

• high strength;
• low thermal conductivity;
• high frost resistance;
• low level of sound conductivity;
• environmental friendliness.

It is also worth noting a simple way to dispose of these structures in case of uselessness.

But besides the visible advantages, there are also disadvantages of wooden doors. These include:

• low resistance to fire;
• high moisture absorption;
• the presence of knots, cracks and other natural deformations.

In order to at least slightly reduce these characteristics of the material, modern manufacturers are trying to process it with special means. Also, after manufacturing, the door leafs are varnished or painted. Such actions will help protect the raw material from moisture and thereby extend its life.

What goes into the process of making a wooden door?

Making interior or entrance doors with your own hands from wood is not difficult. Initially, you need to choose their design and decide on the parameters.

All this is based not only on the stylistic direction of the design of the room, but also on the size of the doorway. If it is large, then it is better to do it. In other cases, you can give preference to one leaf of the door leaf.

It is also necessary to pick up equipment to make wooden doors. Photos of them should not be looked for in various sources. It is best to develop an individual design for the design of the door leaf.

Tools for making a wooden door

Do-it-yourself interior or entrance doors are made using:

• tape measure and a simple ruler;
• square;
• milling machine for wood;
• electric planer;
• drills;
• grinding machine;
• hammers and chisels.

How to determine the dimensions of a wooden door?

Before proceeding with the manufacturing process, it is necessary to make a drawing of the door. It is based on the parameters:

• doorway;
• future frame (loot);
• door leaf.

Initially, all the parameters of the doorway are measured with a tape measure: height and width.

If it has irregularities, then it is better to take measurements around its entire perimeter. This will make it possible to make a door that will fit exactly into the opening.

You also need to determine the thickness of the loot. Its width will be similar to the width of the doorway. Collecting it will not be difficult. It is only necessary to cut the boards of a certain size and fix them in the opening with the help of self-tapping screws and dowels.

After such actions, the joints and chips of wood should be treated with putty.

Materials for the manufacture of wooden doors

Do-it-yourself entrance doors are not so difficult to make. To do this, you need to purchase high-quality prepared wood. Moreover, it should have the same thickness and length.

Making a simple wooden door

So, the doorway is initially measured. It is necessary to make a loot in it. It is made in the appropriate sizes. The whole structure is assembled on the floor. It is worth considering in the process of work that not all openings have perfectly even dimensions. It is for this reason that the loot is made taking into account irregularities. And you can make it proportionally even, only the gaps that appear between it and the doorway can be sealed with mounting foam and plaster.

Loot corners are cut at 45 degrees. You can just knock it together without any special cuts. Be sure to coat the joints with putty. Then you need to start making a simple wooden canvas.

A certain number of boards, which corresponds to the size of the doorway with a hatch, is laid out on a flat surface (close to each other). On top of them are superimposed other boards, smaller, in a horizontal position. They are fixed on each of the boards with nails or wood screws. Such boards are mounted at the top and bottom. To make the whole structure more durable, another one is attached diagonally in the same way. The entire door, together with the loot, is varnished. To give the wood a different shade, it is opened with a stain and only then varnish is used. You can just paint the door.

After that, the hinges crash into the door leaf and into the loot. A handle and a special lock are also screwed on. Then the door is installed.

This door will be an excellent option for arranging any utility room.

Making a complex wooden door

This process must be approached responsibly. Initially, solid wood boards are dried and treated with special antiseptic agents. They are glued together with special glue and pressed on each side with certain devices. In order for the glue to dry and securely fasten all structural elements, several days must pass. After that, you can start working on the design of the surface.

Initially, it is determined whether there will be a pattern on the door leaf. If so, then you need to complete it with a planer. Only after that, the surface of the door is processed with a grinding machine to brighten up all the bumps and give it a perfect plane.

Then the door leaf is painted or varnished. Only after that loops are cut into it. Similar work is carried out on the loot of a wooden door. As a rule, this is how interior doors are made with their own hands. For the front door, wood is selected with a denser structure, and it is better to consult a professional before making it yourself. In addition to processing with modern antiseptic and protective agents, there are also other ways to influence the structure of the material in order to increase its strength and reliability.

Door leaf decoration

A solid door leaf can be with a flat surface. And you can make a variety of drawings on it. For this, cutting or embossing technology is used. But all this is not done at home. For the original design of the door leaf, you can use wood carving.

Previously, the desired pattern is applied to the surface of the canvas with a simple pencil. After that, it is cut out with a special tool. Then it is necessary to process the surface with a grinder and only then varnish or paint.

The situation is quite different in the design of a translucent wooden door. Here it is necessary to cut openings for mounting glass and prepare special impact-resistant glass, which can be of various shades. You can insert them only after the installation of the door is completed.

The size of the loot can exactly match, but the door leaf should be a few millimeters smaller. This will make it possible to correctly install the hinges on the frame and then freely open and close the door.

The modern market offers doors made of various materials, but wooden doors are still the most popular. They are installed in residential premises and outbuildings. There are a variety of options, differing in complexity and method of manufacture. For a bathhouse and a barn, ordinary panel boards are suitable, and the entrances are made with panels.

Homemade doors are available for execution at home. You should have quality material and the necessary tools. They make simple drawings and get to work. The process takes place step by step, in which the instructions will help beginners.

Features of products of different types

The wooden door does not lose its popularity due to the warmth of the material, environmental friendliness and amazing natural beauty. Elite specimens and the simplest ones are made from boards, but of different quality and purity of processing. Each type of wood also has certain properties.

Starting to manufacture, it is determined where the product will be installed. Door leaves have different types of construction, each of which is most suitable for specific purposes. You should familiarize yourself with what each type is.

From solid wood

The material is thick tongue-and-groove or planed boards, which are connected in one plane, forming a flat surface. It turns out a shield, the individual elements of which are fastened together by horizontal or inclined jumpers, which makes the structure more rigid.

Use a wood of uniform quality, considering the place of installation. For the front door to the house choose a dense, with a beautiful textured pattern.

It has these qualities:

1. 1. Oak - the most durable, heavy and durable products are obtained from it. The material is difficult to process, but is little affected by changes in humidity and temperature.
2. 2. Walnut - inexpensive wood with a beautiful original structure, which is given any shade. Perfectly polished, in which no other breed can be compared.
3. 3. Ash - has a wide range of shades. The strength is not inferior to oak, very elastic.
4. 4. Cherry - much softer, easy to process. A beautiful pinkish-brown color that darkens over time.

For interior doors, boards from the same species, as well as less valuable ones, are used. Operating conditions are much easier, so pine is often used. It is affordable, but very sensitive to changes in humidity and temperature. Products made from it often dry out or swell, but in a stable microclimate it is quite an acceptable material.

Alder has excellent qualities. It is resistant to water, but these are not all the advantages - wood contains many tannins that have a beneficial effect on human health, and there are no resins at all. This has long been appreciated, the doors from it are excellent for baths and in all places where there is high humidity. In addition to the listed breeds, others are also used, but they always take into account the properties and conditions so that high-quality products come out.

Panel models

Do-it-yourself boards or timber are used to make a door with their own hands, but in modern conditions, material obtained by gluing lamellas is often used. After finishing with veneer, it acquires the texture of natural wood. It is quite difficult to visually distinguish from an array with high-quality performance.

The design has a rigid frame made of glued laminated timber or thick floorboards. Separate elements are fastened with spikes, but now dowels are used more. When creating a door, consider important points:

• the strength of the canvas depends on the number of transverse parts;
• panels are installed in the frames, which are two-thirds thinner;
• the material is boards, plastic, MDF, plywood, glass;
• fixed with natural or veneered glazing beads, which gives the product a finished aesthetic appearance.

Ways to design paneled doors are practically unlimited. Their design is the most diverse, able to decorate any apartment. The canvas in the main part is of small thickness, so the most rational application is installation between rooms.

Durable materials are used for manufacturing, products serve no less than from an array. Of particular value are specimens made of one natural tree or decorated with the same veneer.

Panel structures

This is a budget option with a low price, which is due to the use of low-value wood species, fiberboard, laminate. If made qualitatively, the products have a completely acceptable appearance, which depends to a large extent on the lining. There are three types of construction:

• solid ones are completely filled with timber, which are fastened together;
• hollow ones consist of a frame, cross members sheathed with sheet material;
• low-hollow - an intermediate option between the previous two.

The appearance is drastically improved by the use of linden or alder plywood for covering. Requires two layers of 24 mm. It is a good base for decorative finishes that do not warp. The cladding is supplemented with profile overlays.

The ends are made neat and solid, using a smooth, well-finished timber, the color and texture of which matches the external design. If natural veneer is used, its layers are laid perpendicular to each other. Decorative plywood fibers are also arranged in a similar way.

Depending on the quality of the finish, panel doors are installed as interior doors, in a wardrobe, a bathroom, and a utility room. They are easily hacked, so they can only be used as input temporarily.

Preparation for work - materials, tools

The first step is choosing the right wood. It must meet the requirements:

• have no knots at all or very few;
• be well dried, with a residual moisture content of 12-15%;
• flat surface - check the fit of the sidewalls;
• optimal thickness - 50 mm for the front door, from 25 - interior.

Boards are sanded before use. Suitable for hardwoods and conifers. For front doors, hard ones are used - oak, beech, walnut, in other cases - mostly soft ones.

Surface finishing is carried out in various ways: natural, artificial materials, varnishes and paints are used.

Of the tools you will need:

• Manual frezer. They are given a profile look to the elements, grooved joints are made.
• Portable circular saw. She cut the bars into blanks of the required size.
• Bulgarian with a grinding wheel. You can use a drill with a nozzle for this purpose, but the processing is of less quality.
• Screwdriver for assembling the door leaf.
• Carpenter's hand tools - measuring, mallet, hammer, chisel, square and more.

Production of solid wood doors

At the heart of any model is a shield made of boards, properly assembled so that it does not lead. Various types of strapping are used: Z- or X-shaped, double, triple. Scope of application is different: front door, interroom, for utility rooms. If it is intended for an apartment, grooved boards are used, they achieve a perfectly flat and smooth surface. A drawing is applied to the canvas, a relief is cut out with a router. For the bath and in the barn, they simply adjust the elements, fix the crossbars in the form of the letter Z at the back.

Getting started, mark the material and cut off the workpieces of the required length. Then they are placed in a shield, placing them so that the annual rings are directed in one direction. For grooved boards, a spike is cut off in the extreme element, the end is processed. Connect with wood glue and a lock. The assembled product is clamped with clamps and left to dry. After a few days, sand to a perfectly smooth surface.

If desired, the door is made up of several layers of boards, gluing each next perpendicular to the previous one. In this way, a massive structure is obtained, suitable for entering the house. The thickness allows you to choose a deep embossed pattern with a cutter that will decorate the product.

Next, you need to fasten the shield with strapping. The simplest type is three crossbars. Cut off bars equal in length to the width of the door. On the canvas, on the reverse side, places are marked for the grooves - finished parts are applied and outlined with a pencil. Mark the depth, which is chosen in ½ or ⅟3 of the thickness of the board. According to the marks, grooves are selected with a milling cutter. It makes them perfectly even, the bars will fit into place easily, but tightly. They move, tapping with a mallet. Apply glue first.

The front side, if desired, is decorated with a relief pattern. It is applied with a pencil, you can use templates. They use knives of various configurations, which are alternately installed on the tool, slowly choosing a pattern.

The door leaf is treated with antiseptic agents. If it is installed outdoors, it is additionally used with a water-repellent effect. When you want to change the color, artificially age, use a stain. It is applied to the tree until the desired darkening appears. Additionally covered with a transparent varnish.

The finished product is hung on loops. From the array, it is heavy, third-party help will be needed. When installing in a doorway, leave gaps as shown in the figure. The parameters apply to any type of canvas.

Products with panels - an affordable way

These are the most complex designs, but if you use ready-made insert panels made of laminated chipboard, the process will be simplified. It is easy to make such doors with your own hands step by step, guided by the recommendations. But first, drawings of individual elements are prepared indicating the exact dimensions. Using them, there will be no problems with the installation of individual parts into a single whole.

Such models are most suitable as interior. They buy boards with a thickness of 25 mm or more, high-quality, but the breed is not necessarily expensive. Budget pine will serve well indoors, because the climate here is constant.

1. 1. Armed with a grinder with a grinding wheel and carefully polish the material. Only a wide surface is processed, the sidewalls will subsequently be formed by the cutter. She cut off the sharp edges of the corners, but quite a bit, giving a beautiful look.
2. 2. Change the knife and select a groove along the entire length of the board on one side. Its width is equal to the thickness of the chipboard, usually 16 mm. Strictly adhere to the size and center of the butt. The optimal depth is 15–20 mm.
3. 3. With a hand saw, cut the ends at 45 ° on all four boards. You should be very careful about two things: accurately adhere to the size and angle of cutting. The side racks of the frame, according to the standard, have a height of 200 cm, and the upper and lower crossbars correspond to the width of the web.
4. 4. Cut out the chipboard for the panel. Its dimensions are calculated according to the internal size of the opening, to which double the depth of the groove is added. If desired, intermediate partitions are installed, in which recesses are also selected along the entire length, and small spikes are made at the ends.
5. 5. The assembly is very simple: boards are stuffed onto the stove with a mallet, no glue is used. They are convinced that everything has fallen into place, there are no gaps, deviations from the parameters, distortions. Holes are drilled and confirmations are installed - a special metal mount, which is located below and above.

The door with panels is ready, you can start finishing. But all fittings are installed in front of it - locks, handles, hinges, so as not to damage the decorative coating later.

Panel variant for various applications

The simplest design is within the power of almost everyone who has the necessary material and a good tool. The scope of work depends on the chosen model and purpose. If it is a coupe-type sliding door, special attention is paid to the quality of the finish and the material. Work begins with the frame, then the interior space is filled - all or partly. For the frame, blanks are cut from boards 30 × 120 mm. Their dimensions correspond to the future canvas.

To connect, use the simple half-tree method. At the edges on each side, mark the width of the parts, make cuts with a hand saw to half the thickness. Wood is carefully selected with a chisel. Work is performed on a flat surface, check the corners. The grooves are smeared with glue and connected, left without shifting. After drying, they are fastened with dowels, drilling holes of 8 mm.

One side is covered with sheet material. Cheap fiberboard is suitable for the first layer. A frame is laid on it, marked and cut off. The frame is removed, glue is applied to the panel, both parts are pressed and left to dry. For strength, you can insert additional partitions. After drying, the inside is filled with various wastes - pieces of wood, MDF and the like. All are glued together, a second sheet is installed on the reverse side.

Decorative trim is applied taking into account where the door will be used. If it is interior, decorate with veneer, laminate or use other available options. The trim cut to size is glued to the fiberboard. It is desirable to lay a press on top, for example, sandbags, tiles. Sliding structures are made hollow so as not to weigh them down. They require special hardware to install.

Another way is to use racks. They are fixed with self-tapping screws, the hats are hidden under sawdust mixed with glue. Polished after drying. The ends and corners are also paid attention - they are processed with a cutter to give a finished look.

If you need to install handles, locks, think about it in advance. Perhaps the body of the side frame bar is not enough. Then, at the place where the fittings are inserted, a good quality wooden piece is glued.

Often people cannot choose the right door from the available range. Some buy what they have, while others decide to do everything themselves. To make wooden doors with your own hands, you will need some special woodworking equipment, tools and, of course, it is better to have carpentry skills. But still, if everything is not available, then along the way you can improvise and achieve the necessary success. In addition, readers will learn how to choose and dry boards for a future door.

door material

Usually, pine is used for the manufacture of wooden doors, less often - spruce. It is bad to use it for products, because there are a lot of branches in its wood, which make work much more difficult. In addition, the fiber structure is inhomogeneous and often delaminates. For these reasons, the optimal type of wood to make wooden doors with your own hands is pine.

Choosing boards

To make the door beautiful and even, you need to carefully choose the boards. They must be without flaws, not have large branches, and also so that the structure of the fibers itself is even. If blue is visible on the surface, this means that the storage technology was violated and the material began to rot. It is better not to use such wood, because it will begin to rot in the future.

Drying purchased boards

In any case, to be completely sure of the material, it must be dried. Even if it looks ready for use, it is better to play it safe before making wooden doors with your own hands. Each board must be laid on spacers that will not allow the tree to come into contact with each other. This is necessary so that the moisture contained inside the fibers can freely exit. If this is not done, mold will form, which will spoil the material.

The place where the wood will be dried must be well ventilated and, preferably, the temperature should be above 25 °C. This process takes from one to two months.

The tree can be dried even faster by placing it in a special chamber for this. It creates a temperature of not more than 50 ° C. If you make it higher, then the resin can leak out, and it holds the fibers together. In order for a wooden front door made with your own hands to be durable and serve for a long time, you should not rush into this process.

A drying chamber can be made in a garage, a booth of the required size, or a car body. The boards are laid, as in the case of drying in the open air, alternating them with spacers.

Materials and tools for creating a door

• boards;
• insulation;
• glue - carpentry;
• roulette;
• level;
• plane;
• chisel;
• drill;
• milling cutter;
• self-tapping screws;
• loops;
• a hammer;
• nails;
• sandpaper.

A good one with your own hands should qualitatively protect the home not only from intruders, but also from the cold, as well as noise. Therefore, one side is made absolutely even and the fiberboard is pasted over, on which the insulation is then placed.

On the inside, we set the dimensions of the door itself. In addition, you need to decide on the gaps and the lower clearance. When everything is ready, you can cut a rectangle from the fiberboard sheet, which will exactly repeat the shape and size of the door. It is worth paying special attention to marking and cutting corners. They should all be 90°.

So, we cut two boards, making them 5 cm thick and 11 cm wide. We will create wooden doors with our own hands for a standard box of 200 * 90 cm. So that the canvas does not rub against the surface, and also opens and closes freely, you need its dimensions a little cut. Therefore, the doors will be 192 * 82.

Before designing and assembling the door, check the geometry of the frame so that its corners are clearly 90°. For entrance doors, five panels are most often made. This solution allows them to be made from whole pieces of material. So, you need to trim two boards 192 cm long, and four 72 cm each, this is taking into account 5 cm studs on each side.

It is better to place the panels symmetrically, but if you want to achieve an asymmetric shape, you can fix them as needed, this will not affect the functionality of the structure. It is worth remembering the grooves of 5 cm.

When everything is ready, the wooden front door is assembled with your own hands and everything is checked to see if everything is smooth. At the same time, they make sure that there are no gaps in the grooves, and at the same time, the spike enters freely. If everything is fine, then the door is dismantled, and then assembled back, but with glue. Since this is an entrance door, it will be affected by the external environment. For this reason, it is better to strengthen the structure with dowels. They are 1 cm wide. Then we take a drill of the same diameter, and drill holes for them at the joints. They must go through the spike. After that, the dowels are coated with glue and driven in.

When everything is dry, you can trim the joints and grind off the protruding parts of the dowels so that the surface is absolutely smooth.

Choosing grooves

Now, to make a wooden door with your own hands, you have to work with a cutter. We put on the so-called window cutter. She needs to select the material for half the thickness of the web, to install panels in these grooves. The corners will be rounded, so they will need to be finished with a chisel.

Making panels

They are machined from solid parts of wood, they must fit snugly into the grooves without gaps. One side of the panel is made flat, and on the other side you can even cut out a pattern, everything is at the discretion of the master. Further, this part of the door is sanded for easier collection of all the components of the canvas. The panels must be flush with the surface. It is impossible for any part of them to protrude, this can subsequently lead to deformation of the fiberboard sheet, with which the door will be upholstered.

When everything fits perfectly, you can fasten the panels with self-tapping screws. They need to be screwed in at an angle from the side where the fiberboard will be. And, of course, not a single self-tapping screw should come out on the front. Therefore, their size must be carefully selected. Now it remains to nail a sheet of fiberboard and you can cover it with stain or varnish, whoever wants it. It describes in detail the manufacture of wooden doors with your own hands, step by step instructions.

Wooden door installation

Initially, they decide how many hinges the door will be attached to. Then they carefully mark out so that everything fits together, and with the help of self-tapping screws they fix the loops on the canvas and the box. Then to check how it opens and closes. If everything is done correctly, then, being fully open, the door will be in the same position as it was left. If there is the slightest distortion, then it will open or close. Adjusting and installing wooden doors with your own hands can be a painstaking process, but it must be done perfectly, because comfortable living in the house depends on it.

Wooden door insulation

So that external noise does not disturb, and the cold cannot pass through the canvas, it must be insulated. After all, if only a wooden door is covered with a protective layer, it will perform its functions well only in the warm season. And the sounds of the street will pass more. To improve the door, it is worth insulating it.

markup

To insulate a wooden door with your own hands, you need to paste over with foam rubber that half of it, which is covered with fiberboard. This should be done in such a way as to leave one centimeter of space free of insulation around the entire edge of the canvas. Subsequently, we will nail external material onto it. In the event that, nevertheless, the foam rubber crawled out of the frame, it must be cut with a sharp knife.

Upholstery material can be different, usually leatherette is chosen, less often fabric. To do everything qualitatively, it is better to use the services of an assistant. So the insulation of a wooden door with your own hands will be much faster and, most importantly, better. It is necessary to fix the material with the help of a centimeter wide area, which we did not seal with foam rubber. When the end is fixed, the material is leveled, and then work continues. The tension must be uniform to avoid creases.

When one part is done, go to the one opposite. To do this, one worker pulls the material, and the other fixes it with the same stapler. When the work is done, rollers must be nailed along the perimeter of the canvas, which will prevent cold air and extraneous sounds from outside from entering the dwelling.

We make rollers for the door

From the material with which the door is upholstered, the rollers are rolled up, they should be about a centimeter thick. Then they are nailed along the edges of the door with construction nails.

It is better to buy more upholstery material, because it will stretch over the foam rubber. And also it will be necessary to make rollers from it, so you need to carefully calculate everything.

Now everything related to the question of how to make wooden doors with your own hands, drawings, diagrams and subtleties in work, we have considered. From the images it is easy to understand the whole principle of what parts the canvas consists of. It is not necessary to make a door of the same dimensions as in the drawings, because the openings and the box are different. However, it will be much easier to create your own project based on them.

loops

In order for the door to serve for a long time, you need to choose the appropriate hinges on which it will be attached. There are many types of them, but the most common are hemispherical. Their design is simple, and if necessary, the owner can easily remove the door by lifting it up in the open position.

You can also hang the canvas using hinged loops. They are similar to the first, only the axis in them is unscrewed. Such a door cannot simply be lifted to remove.

The design of interroom sliding doors used more and more often does not lose its popularity. Their use helps to save space, and gives the interior an elegant and modern look. Work on their installation does not require special skills, tools or great physical strength, therefore, with a running set of tools at hand, almost anyone can install such doors.

Preparing to install the sliding door structure

Before buying, you need to determine the dimensions of the door. To do this, measure the width and length of the opening, adding 5-6 cm to the values ​​obtained. Finished canvases do not always meet all requirements, so customization or sizing in a special workshop must also be considered.

Types of sliding doors

If the doors are not installed in the opening, but as a sliding partition to divide the room, the height is calculated from the height of the ceilings, but at the same time, the thickness of the supporting beam and the sliding mechanism is subtracted from it. It can be difficult to determine the required number of rollers on your own, therefore, if sliding elements are purchased independently, and not complete with a canvas, you should take them with a margin or resort to the help of a qualified specialist for calculations.

In order for a sliding door to be installed in the room, you will need:

• guide;
• door fittings (handles, locks);
• stoppers, plugs;
• self-tapping screws;
• anchor bolts;
• level;
• tape measure, measuring tape;
• marker or pencil;
• screwdriver;
• perforator;
• plumb;
• square beam;
• chisel.

You can buy a lot from the list complete with sliding doors, but you can also buy it yourself, often this approach saves a lot of money. Before starting installation, you need to make sure that the slopes of the opening into which the sliding door will be installed are strictly vertical.

Sliding door device

Right and left sliding door.

first of all, you need to measure the height of the door leaf and set it aside on the wall of the opening, using the plumb line again. From the marked point, 7 cm is laid upwards, and at this level a long horizontal line is drawn using the building level. The lower edge of the drawn line is applied to a bar, the length of which should be equal to the length of the guide. The beam is screwed to the wall with anchor bolts, controlling the horizontal position. The beam should be located taking into account the fact that one of its ends will be above the slope of the opening, to which the structure of the sliding doors will adjoin in the closed state.

Mounting holes are drilled in a metal guide rail with a distance between them of no more than 15-20 cm. Then it is attached to a beam located on the wall, to the lower end. The fastening should not pass close to the wall, a gap of at least 5-7 mm for free movement must be observed. The rollers are assembled, connected to the carriages, and put into the rail, making sure that they work silently and move effortlessly, after which the ends are closed with special plugs. Staples are installed on the upper end in the same quantity as the carriages. When installing, it is necessary to control the equal distances between them.

Hang the door leaf, connecting the carriages and staples. You need to make sure that the sliding door moves effortlessly, without touching the walls or floor. After that, the doors are opened to the end and on the floor with a marker mark the line of fixing the lower guide. Then the door leaf is removed and a full-length groove is made in its lower edge. The groove should be slightly larger than the width and height of the lower leash, this is necessary to ensure a normal course.

Installation of a case for a sliding door.

It is very difficult to make an even and correct recess without the help of a milling machine, only with a chisel. The exit can be a special profile fixed on the door leaf. Also, the profile can be successfully replaced by thin slats fixed along the outer and inner edges.

To determine the correct location for the lower mechanism, a plumb line is fixed on the upper one. After several measurements, you can fix the beam firmly with self-tapping screws. The door leaf is placed vertically and put on first on the lower leash, and then fixed on the rollers. It is important to make sure that the door is vertical, for this it is adjusted using the bolts on the carriages, tightening or loosening them. After checking the position of the door leaf with a level, the bolts are fixed.

The door can be equipped with a lock, handle or latch. The timber from above and below is painted in the color of the canvases or covered with a selected decorative box. Framing the structure, platbands are installed, which can be fixed with glue, liquid nails or mounting foam.

Scheme of installation of an interior sliding door.

If a standard doorway is made, the door can be made up of only one leaf. Multi-leaf structures are used to build partitions in a large room or very wide openings. At the same time, either all sashes, or only one, can maintain mobility, while the lateral ones are fixed in a stationary state.

The materials used for the manufacture of door panels also leave a lot of room for choice. The most popular materials:

• solid wood;
• strained glass;
• these materials in any combination.

At the same time, the surface of the door leaf is decorated with photo printing, inlay, drawings or carvings, often there are large mirrors there. When purchasing door leafs on your own, it is necessary to take into account their total weight. Based on this value, you can calculate the number of clips used.

The installation of such structures should be carried out upon completion of all commenced rough finishing work in the room and the application of coatings to the floor and walls.

If a false wall is arranged, then a metal guide must be installed in it even before finishing with drywall. If the interior sliding door is mounted in a plasterboard partition, at the initial stage of designing the doorway above it, it is necessary to take into account the installation of a solid solid wooden beam. If the guide is fixed to it, this will increase the strength of the structure.

The quality of the offered interior doors, which can be purchased at most hardware stores, may not always satisfy customers. They can be beautiful, attractive, but the strength and durability of these products leaves much to be desired. Therefore, many home craftsmen have no choice but to make interior doors with their own hands. Moreover, there are no great difficulties in this if you select the material and follow a certain plan.

Materials for making canvas

Before starting work on the independent manufacture of an interior door, it is required to prepare the material. In most cases, a tree is used for this purpose. The canvas frame is made from it, as well as the door frame. In addition to the tree, can be used:

• Styrofoam;
• Cardboard honeycombs;
• Glass;

Styrofoam and cardboard honeycombs are used as a door leaf filler, it is not made from solid wood. These materials are lightweight, which is important for subsequent operation. In addition, the foam allows you to reduce the noise level, making the canvas more sound-absorbing.

The use of glass for the manufacture of interior doors is primarily due to the aesthetic side.. Such inserts visually expand the room, and also allow you to diversify the design of the room. Glass has one more property. It perfectly transmits daylight. Therefore, with glazed interior canvases in the corridors of the apartment it will be much lighter, even if the door is closed.

Fiberboard or its more advanced version MDF is used as a sheathing material. In the design of the canvas, these materials are responsible for the decorative finish of the future product. At the same time, MDF is the finishing element, but fiberboard will have to be further processed to give it an attractive appearance.

In addition to the listed materials, sheets of laminated chipboard can be used as sheathing. A rich selection of colors imitating natural wood makes this type of finish very popular. It should be noted that the use of laminated chipboard will give the doors more rigidity in the diagonals.

As a fastening material, you can use PVA glue or confirmations. To cover the finished canvas you will need varnish. If you need to add colors, then the problem is solved thanks to stains and tinted varnishes.

Required tool

The next stage of preparation will be the preparation of the tool that will be needed to make the interior door. You must have on hand:

• Manual or electric planer;
• Hacksaw or electric jigsaw;
• A set of chisels and chisels;
• Manual electric milling cutter;
• grinding machine;
• Miter box;
• Square and ruler;
• Hammer and mallet;
• Pencil and tape measure.

With such a set, you can safely begin the manufacture of any joinery product. You should also prepare a vacuum cleaner to quickly remove not only sawdust, but also dust, which should not be on the surface of the product during paintwork.

Manufacturing and assembly

When the preparation is over, it is the turn of the main work. You will need to follow these steps step by step:

• Take measurements;
• Process the material;
• Perform markup;
• Saw and assemble the canvas frame;
• Install accessories.

In order for the work to proceed quickly, and the product to turn out to be of high quality, it is worth preparing a drawing. Thanks to him, it is easy to mark up and not make a mistake with the configuration of the future door.

Panel door assembly principle

Canvas measurement

Work should begin by measuring the doorway. This operation will allow you to calculate the dimensions of the box and canvas, as well as determine the configuration of the future product. If the opening does not exceed 80 cm, then a single-leaf door block should be made. With a larger size, you need to make two canvases to reduce the load on the hinges and give a more attractive appearance to the entire product.

The resulting size must be reduced in height and width by 2 cm. This is required to create an assembly seam obtained between the box bar and the slope of the opening. After installation, it is filled with polyurethane foam. With the help of the obtained dimensions, a drawing is drawn up, according to which it is necessary to make an interior door.

door leaf dimensions

Such a guide should also contain the dimensions of the door leaf. To calculate them, you should subtract from the width and height of the opening the thickness of the box beam in the place where the quarter will be selected. From the resulting size, it is necessary to subtract another 4 mm in width and from 4 to 12 mm in height. These values ​​fall on the gap that must remain for the free rebate of the door leaf. This defines all the data for the drawing.

It should be noted that the box beam does not have to be made for the entire thickness of the wall. The remaining space can easily close the extension installed after installation work.

Making a door frame

As soon as the drawing with dimensions is completely ready, you can proceed to the next stage of work. At this stage, the material should be processed and the frame of the door leaf should be prepared. To do this, use a planer.

For the frame of the door leaf you need to use planed boards

For the frame, you can take an edged board 40 x 100 mm. The ideal option would be to purchase planed material, which will facilitate the work and significantly speed it up. But you can also use just sawn boards. They will have to be processed with a planer to give smoothness. During planing, you should carefully monitor the corners of the bars. They must have a strict 90 degree angle. You can check the work with a square.

Scheme of connection of frame elements

Next, the parts are marked according to the dimensions indicated in the drawing. On them it will be necessary to saw off blanks. If the parts must be fastened with spikes, then all horizontal parts of the frame will be longer by the size of two spikes. For example, for bars 100 mm wide, a tenon 70 mm long is required for connection. In this case, 140 mm should be added to the workpiece size, which means two spikes on both sides of the part.

During processing, it is necessary to select a groove or a quarter in the sides of the workpieces. This is necessary to install glass or insert panels if solid wood was chosen as the door manufacturing option. This work can be done using a manual electric milling cutter. A cutter of the corresponding profile is inserted into the tool and a selection is made on the side indicated in the diagram.

The groove in the blanks is cut with a milling cutter

Details for the door frame should contain a quarter, thanks to which the canvas can close the opening. It is also made by a milling cutter, setting the depth and width of the sample. The size of the quarter should be based on the thickness of the door leaf. You need to add 1 mm to it for a better rebate. The depth of the quarter must be at least 10 mm.

Fabric pre-assembly

When the frame parts are processed and the places for fasteners are sawn down, a preliminary assembly of the interior door leaf can be carried out with your own hands. This operation will allow you to check the correctness of the markup and sawing of all elements. Assemble the structure dry, which means without the use of glue. If the type of connection was chosen for confirmations, then they will simply need to be baited without performing a tight twist.

When all the parts are assembled and fastened, check the width and length of the door leaf. If deviations from the drawing are found, then it is necessary to adjust the parts. After finishing, the product is reassembled and inspected. If all parameters are met, you can proceed to the next step.

Marking and making cuts

Separately, mention should be made of the marking of parts and the execution of cuts. This is a step-by-step process, where an error can result in a rework of the entire product and damaged material. Therefore, all lines drawn with a pencil should be made only after checking the size. Yes, and the markup itself before starting sawing should be checked with the drawing.

When marking, you must strictly adhere to the dimensions

When marking, you can add 1 mm to fit. In this case, even with uneven sawing off of the workpiece, it will be possible to fix it painlessly. If everything works out the first time, then the extra millimeter can simply be removed with a planer. To transfer the drawn line to the other side of the bar, you should take a square and attach it right at this point. Since the part has an even angle of 90 degrees, the lines on all sides will exactly repeat the markup made at the very beginning.

If spikes and lugs are chosen as the connection, then you will have to make a complete markup of these elements. The place under the nest should be located strictly in the center. To calculate this data, you just need to divide the thickness of the bar by 2, and then mark the resulting number from any plane of the part. The size of the spike itself should be equal to 1/3 of the thickness of the workpiece. The width of the nest can be half a millimeter less than the width of the spike.

The eye should be carefully drilled strictly according to the markup, and then cleaned with a chisel. It is impossible to protrude beyond the edges of the lines, otherwise the connection will turn out to be weakened, and the structure will turn out to be fragile. According to the instructions, it is necessary to precisely fit the spiked connection, so a half-millimeter margin must be left.

Assembling the fabric and fitting fittings

When all connections are checked, and the dimensions exactly match those indicated in the drawing, the assembly of the door leaf begins. When studded, it is required to smear with glue the plane of the studs and the inner surface of the sockets. After that, the parts are inserted into each other, followed by padding with a mallet. If this procedure is performed with a hammer, then a small wooden block should be placed on the surface to be knocked out. In this way, damage to the assembled product can be avoided.

After assembling all the parts, there should be no gaps at the joints. If they are, then you should once again knock out this place. The ideal option would be to pull the canvas with wyms. In their absence, you can install a metal corner on the board, measure the width of the canvas from it, add 3-4 cm to this size and fix another corner. You need three boards on which the door fits. A wedge is inserted into the gap between the bar of the canvas and the corner and is knocked out until the cracks completely disappear.

The door is assembled until the cracks disappear.

When the door is assembled, the cladding is attached to its surface. First, the sheets are cut to the size of the frame and then laid on it. Fastening is done with glue. Additionally, nails can be used. This operation must be carried out carefully and carefully so as not to damage the surface of the cladding, especially if it has a top coat.

Before laying the second sheet on the reverse side of the interior door, the filler is installed. To do this, foam or cardboard honeycombs are cut to the size of the free internal space between the details of the web. A tight fit will ensure the integrity of the future door. Next, the second sheet of cladding is laid and the canvas gets its finished look.

In order for the door to open, hinges must be installed. They are located at a distance of 20 cm from the edges of the door. Marking is done with a finely sharpened pencil. The nest must be chosen with a chisel strictly along the inside of the line, without protruding beyond it. The hinges in the seats must sit without gaps.. When the nest is ready and checked, the part is fastened with self-tapping screws or screws included in the kit. Read more about this in the article “Installing hinges on the door”.

Door hinges are fixed with self-tapping screws or screws

Another element of the interior door is the handle. A lock is often inserted into it, which makes it possible to lock the room if necessary.

The hole for the lock is made with a drill

The center of the handle should be 1 meter from the floor. The through hole for the lock is drilled with a drill. The seat is also cleaned with a chisel. After the tie-in of the lock is completed, there should be no gaps left. Read more about installing a handle on an interior door.

Installation of glass in the opening

If the interior door involves the presence of glazing, then it is necessary to prepare a glass cutter and select the desired type of glass. This element is inserted into a quarter, which is selected along the entire inner perimeter of the door. The glass is cut 2 mm smaller than the size of its installation space.

Glass cutting is done with a glass cutter

If, after working with a glass cutter, the sheet has irregularities, they must be removed. For this you can use pliers. With a large residue (from 2 mm), another cut line should be drawn. This will make it easier and better to remove the excess. When the procedure is completed, you need to process the edges of the glass with sandpaper.

Next, the glass is installed in a quarter of the door. Fastening is done with a decorative layout, which is nailed with small nails. This ensures the possibility of a quick repair in case of damage to the installed glass.

Finishing the interior door

The assembled door, if it is not sheathed with laminated chipboard, needs finishing work. They can be of the following types:

• Coloring;
• Toning;
• Lamination.

Depending on the selected type of finish, appropriate operations are required.

Coloring

Before you paint the surface of the door leaf, you need to prepare it. And the first thing to do is to completely sand it. An electric grinder is ideal for this purpose. The tape for it should be taken not too abrasive so that there are no small scratches on the surface. Work is required in the direction of fiber growth. Perpendicular grinding is allowed only if it is necessary to level the surface and as a rough cut.

Before painting the door, its surface must be sanded.

If there are chips or dents on the door, they should be puttied. The color of the putty must be selected according to the shade of the wood from which the canvas is made.. So, with subsequent painting, this place will not stand out against the general background. After applying the putty, you need to let it dry and sand it again.

Defects in the wooden surface are eliminated with putty

Next, you need to clean the surface of dust and only then proceed to painting. To apply the material, brushes, rollers or paint sprayers are used. The latter option allows you to complete the job quickly and with the least paint consumption. During staining, there should be no streaks on the surface. They need to be removed. To get a quality painted door, you need to apply two or three coats of paint..

It is necessary to paint the door in 3 layers

Toning

Unlike painting, door tinting involves the subsequent application of varnish. On the prepared surface, you need to apply a tinting material, which can serve as:

• stain;
• Mordant;
• Acrylic paint.

Any of the material types will give the wood a new color, leaving the texture open. The stain is applied with a brush, roller or spray gun. If necessary, the procedure is repeated after the material has completely dried.

As a tinting material, stains, mordants or paints are used.

When the desired shade is reached, the canvas is varnished. More than three coats must be applied to achieve a glossy finish. In addition, each stage involves grinding with a fine emery tape. This will remove the raised pile and make the surface smooth.

lamination

An alternative to paints and varnishes is the use of films and veneers. The bonding of these materials is called lamination. For home production, the best option would be a cold gluing method..

The surface of the interior door must be prepared in the same way as in the case of painting or tinting. The film or veneer is cut to the size of the door leaf, making an allowance of up to 3 cm. Then, starting from one edge, the material is glued. If a self-adhesive film is used, then the protective paper is gradually removed from it as it is glued to the surface of the door.

Self-adhesive film is used for door lamination

The veneer is applied to the glue, which is pre-lubricated with the canvas. Smooth the material from the middle to the edges. So it will be easier to remove the air that has fallen under it. If the bubble cannot be expelled, then it can be carefully pierced with a needle. This place needs to be pressed strongly so that the adhesive layer can connect the surface of the door and the veneer. Excess material at the edges is carefully trimmed with a knife.

Excess film is removed with a knife.