Catalog of standard projects for building. Floor plans of civil and building buildings Drawings of public buildings

Types of design of public buildings

The design of public buildings is a laborious process that requires the involvement of many specialists.

Over the years, architects and engineers have gained extensive experience and knowledge in the following areas:

• Commercial real estate design
• Design of administrative buildings
• Design of office buildings
• Design of sports facilities
• School design
• Polyclinic design
• Hotel design
• Museum design
• Theater design
• Restaurant design

Creating a project of any of the listed objects requires compliance with certain requirements, norms and rules at each design stage.

Stages and features of the design of public buildings

Before starting the creation of a residential building project, the time spent in the building by people is determined. With this factor in mind, the terms of reference include the functionality and interconnection of the premises of the future construction site and proceed to a phased design.

Stage 1. Terms of Reference

The first stage is the creation and analysis of the terms of reference. Competent TK is the first step towards bringing the idea of ​​the project to life.

Stage 2. Draft design

At this stage, the architects and designers of the ESK-Project company develop the concept of the building and form the external appearance. After agreeing on the sketch, the engineers begin to design a residential building and create documentation for issuing a building permit.

Stage 3. Design documentation

Project documentation - the process of creating this package of documents is important not only for design decisions, but also for legal registration. They are submitted for government approval.

Stage 4. Working documentation of the project.

Creation of working documentation is a process that includes requirements, norms and rules of legal acts, such as: GOST, SP, SNiP and SanPiN.

When designing public buildings, engineers create plans for the project and the surrounding area, as well as drawings with specifications.

It is also important to take into account during design work: zoning, internal navigation and communication of premises, as well as security. Compliance with these factors will make public buildings comfortable for the stay of not only adults, but also children. A vivid example is a kindergarten, where the building is clearly divided into rooms and interconnected based on functionality, and also provided with security systems.

Architects and engineers of ESK-Project recommend designing and developing a design project at the same time. Properly developed construction and design projects will help to avoid not only a lot of mistakes during the installation of engineering networks, but also to get a comfortable building ready for operation in the shortest possible time.

Do you need a thesis in construction? Don't have the time or inclination to write on your own? Exit found! Our resource is a treasure trove for students of construction and engineering faculties.

Industrial and civil construction is one of the promising areas, and you, as a future specialist, need an up-to-date graduation project. Thanks to work in a highly specialized field, we offer works based on deep and reliable theoretical and practical knowledge.

User services:

• Finished graduation projects of public buildings, 100% quality of which is confirmed by protection for the maximum score. Money will be spent with guaranteed benefits!
• Buildings for social purposes by individual order. If you have not found a suitable project, order a diploma from us. It is possible as a full-fledged implementation of the project, and refinement of an existing one.
• Warranty. Over the course of several years of fruitful work, we have been gaining an impeccable reputation, which it is not profitable for us to spoil! If necessary, we will send any original part of the project for confirmation.
• Diploma project PGS parts. If you do not need all the work, you can purchase the section you need.
• Competent and comprehensive advice on any issue. The team consists of experienced employees who will provide complete information on selected projects.
• Attractive rates. Due to the wide range of clients, we can afford to adhere to a loyal pricing policy. We offer discounts in exchange for projects sent by you.
• Individual approach. Everyone is important to us! The site has a feedback form. Write your conditions in it, and we will find a solution that suits you! If you find it difficult to choose, experts will help you choose the right diploma.
• Payment method of your choice. Bank transfer, cash payment in Euroset and Svyaznoy communication stores, through a payment terminal or through popular electronic payment systems (WebMoney and Yandex.Money) are possible.

The pillars on which the activities of St-DIPLOM are based are QUALITY, RELIABILITY and BENEFIT for customers!

How to choose the right thesis project?

On the Internet, you will find a lot of unstructured information, the reliability and correctness of which is not confirmed by anything. For this reason, forward-thinking and practical students prefer to buy public building projects from a reliable organization that is ready to guarantee a high score for their work. The presented diplomas were checked by the commission, finalized and defended as "excellent".

To find the work you need, type in the name of the topic in the search bar, after which a list of all available works on the desired topic will be available. You can download a free demo version. If the options do not meet the requirements, the specialists will complete the graduation project as soon as possible at the request of the client. When writing papers, fresh sources, an extensive scientific base, experience and knowledge in this field are used, which guarantees an excellent result.

Customers are always satisfied with the cooperation, as evidenced by the mass of positive reviews. Join the ranks of grateful customers!

TP in accordance with Decree No. 87 of the Government of the Russian Federation “On the composition of sections of project documentation and requirements for their content” consists of 12 volumes (text and graphic parts):

1. "PZ"
2. "Scheme of the organization of the site"
3. "Architectural Solutions"
4. "Constructive and space-planning solutions"
5. "Information about engineering equipment, networks of engineering and technical support"
6. "POS"
7. "Project for the organization of work on the demolition or dismantling of objects"
8. "Environmental Protection"
9. "Ensuring fire safety"
10. "Ensuring access for the disabled"
11. "Estimates for the construction of facilities"
12. "Documentation of a different kind in cases provided for by the Federal Law"

Advantages of TP:

1. Versatility.
2. Saving money on a small budget.
3. A ready-made standard project significantly reduces the design time.

Its cost, unlike the price of individual development, does not exceed that specified in the estimate. Personal works, created taking into account all the “whims” of the client, are valued more expensively. Preferring non-standard ideas, it is better to abandon the same type of development. It is not suitable for customers with soil characteristics on the site. The choice of TP is beneficial if there is a permit for the construction of a structure, a hurry with its construction.

Regulatory framework, site adaptation

TPs are created in accordance with Federal Law No. 368, Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1159 of 2016, where the rules and performance criteria are approved (positive assessment of experts, estimate within the cost of a similar object, identical construction area). Subject to the conditions, re-use of the TP is allowed.

Reasonable changes to documents are allowed to adapt the site (examination will be required only for sections on foundations, engineering surveys).

Important questions

1. What does project review mean? ?

This means that the TP must be positively assessed by licensed state or independent organizations for compliance with the requirements of Russian laws. Additional expertise is needed when localizing the TP.

1. How are TPs used outside of Russia?

For Customers from the CIS countries and some far-abroad countries, we are ready to localize ready-made reuse projects or develop project documentation to order according to your terms of reference.

Our guarantees, advantages

We work with individuals and legal entities, help to choose the option that is acceptable for your conditions and budget. We “bind” the finished documentation to the site (change the location of the structure to the cardinal points, foundation, style, etc.). We offer development of buildings of various types.

We are undergoing additional examination of the changeable sections of the TP. You will get significant cost savings by purchasing it from the catalog. Here are houses made of different materials, styles, number of storeys. We guarantee a long service life for buildings built according to the documentation of our accredited specialists!

Plan- this is an image of a section of a building, dissected by an imaginary horizontal plane passing at a certain level (Fig. 10.3.1).

According to GOST 21.501 - 93, this plane should be located at 1/3 of the height of the depicted floor or 1 m from the depicted level for industrial buildings. For residential and public buildings, the imaginary secant plane is located within the door and window openings of each floor.

The building plan gives an idea of ​​its configuration and size, reveals the shape and location of individual rooms, window and door openings, main walls, columns, stairs, partitions. The contours of the building elements (walls, piers, pillars, partitions, etc.) that fall into the cut and are located below or above the cutting plane are applied to the plan.

As a rule, invisible structural elements are not shown on the plans. But if it is impossible to show this element as visible in other drawings, it is shown on the plan with strokes. In this case, the depicted element can be located both below the cutting plane (niche for radiators) and above it (mezzanine) (Fig. 10.3.2). Building plans usually show sanitary equipment (baths, toilets, sinks, etc.). If furnace heating is used in the building, then the location of the furnaces, as well as smoke and ventilation ducts, is indicated on the plan. These channels are also depicted on the plans of buildings with central heating.

Sanitary equipment is drawn on the building plan on the same scale as the building plan, the dimensions of the most common sanitary equipment, as well as stoves in accordance with GOST 21.205-93, are given in fig. 10.3.3.

On the floor plan of residential and public buildings, the placement of furniture or other equipment is sometimes shown (Fig. 10.3.4, a). On the plan of industrial buildings, the placement of technological equipment that affects the design solution can be shown. The contours of the equipment are drawn to scale (sometimes with dimensions) and outlined with thin lines. The name of the equipment is indicated in the explication, the positions of which correspond to the numbers indicated on the plan.

The layout of technological equipment can be given separately (Fig. 10.3.4, b). In this case, the contours of the plan are drawn with thin lines 0.2-0.3 mm thick, and the contours of the equipment - with lines 0.6 mm thick. Detailed dimensions, graphic symbols and inscriptions related to the building part are not given on this plan. On the plans of industrial buildings, solid lines 0.4-0.6 mm thick depict the rail tracks of normal and narrow gauge.

Crane tracks, overhead cranes, beam cranes, underground channels intended for power supply lines, sanitary pipelines, etc., overlapping with removable plates are drawn with dashed lines (Fig. 10.3.5). If necessary, indicate the area of ​​​​the crane. All these images can be given explanatory inscriptions.

On the plans of amenity premises of industrial buildings, they show the location of cabinets, hangers, benches and other equipment (Fig. 10.3.6).

If platforms and mezzanines in industrial buildings are located at a height of more than 2 m from the floor level, they are shown by intersecting dashed lines (see Fig. 10.3.5) with two points.

Extensions to an industrial building on the main plan can be omitted, limited to drawing break lines (see Fig. 10.3.5). Built-in and attached auxiliary premises, platforms, mezzanines and some sections of industrial buildings can be depicted schematically on the plan, but then separate drawings are made for these elements of the plan, most often on a larger scale, and on the main plan they give a link to these drawings (see Fig. 10.3.6).

If the floor plans differ from each other only in the arrangement of individual sections of the outer walls, a plan of one floor should be drawn, and only along its perimeter should plans (ribbons) of any different sections of the walls be placed. With a two-tier arrangement of windows in a room, the openings of the lower tier are shown on the main plan. Plans for wall sections with openings of the second tier are placed along the perimeter of the main plan in the form of separate ribbons (Fig. 10.3.7). When carrying out plans for civil and industrial buildings on a small scale, complex sections of it should be depicted in fragments. A fragment is a separate section of any part of the plan, made on a larger scale and with a greater degree of detail. All the necessary dimensions and designations are applied on it. On the drawings of the plans, the place that will later be given on the fragment should be indicated by a curly bracket. At the image from where the fragment is taken out, and near it, the name assigned to the fragment is applied according to the type “Plan fragment 1” (Fig. 10.3.8). The inscription next to the plan may indicate the sheet on which it is located: “Fragment of plan 1, sheet 7”. On sections of plans that are detailed on fragments, private dimensions are not affixed. In such cases, they are limited to the main and binding.

Separate sections of the plans that cannot be shown in sufficient detail on a small scale and which are not included in the drawings of the fragments are shown in detail; reference markings should be given on the plans (Fig. 10.3.9). For residential (premises) buildings of both industrial and non-industrial construction, plans for individual sections can be drawn, made on a larger scale.

Plans of sectional houses are long and drawn on a small scale, so they are supplemented with drawings of section plans.

The residential section consists of several apartments with a different number of living rooms located near the stairwell. Depending on the position of the section on the building plan, it has the appropriate name and marking. The end section is called the end section and is branded T.

The intermediate section is called an ordinary one and has the R mark. Types of apartments that differ in the size of the area have marks A and B. The number of living rooms is indicated by numbers, So, the end section, consisting of one one-room apartment and three two-room apartments, will have the following marking: T-1A , 2B, 2B, 2B.

On fig. 10.3.10, a is a typical floor plan of a five-story residential building. The main purpose of the plan is to give a general idea of ​​the shape and size of the house, the number of sections, the layout of apartments and the technical and economic characteristics of apartments and sections. On fig. 10.3.10b shows section T-1A, 2B, 2B, 2B.

For buildings assembled from large elements (panels, large blocks), plans can be drawn up in the form of layouts for prefabricated structural elements.

Typically, wall panels are delivered to the construction site with window and door blocks installed. In this case, the dimensions of the panels and openings are not indicated on the plan.

It is allowed to depict panels schematically as rectangles (Fig. 10.3.11).

On fig. 10.3.11, a is a typical floor plan of a large-panel building.

The plan of a panel residential building is shown in fig. 10.3.11, b.

On the plan of such buildings, abbreviated or complete brands of panels are given (H - external wall panels, B - internal, P - partitions), floor numbers, grades of nodes, distance between coordination axes.

An example of a graphic design of the layout is given in fig. 10.3.11, c.

When starting to draw a plan, it should be remembered that the image of the building plan must be placed with the long side along the sheet. It is recommended that the side of the plan corresponding to the main facade of the building be turned to the bottom edge of the sheet. The building plan on the sheet should be located, if possible, in the same way as on the master plan. It is not allowed to draw a mirror image of the plan relative to its position on the general plan. Building plans are placed on the sheet in ascending order of floor numbering from bottom to top or from left to right.

When determining the composition of the various elements of the building plan, one should take into account the dimensions applied and the marking of the coordination axes. Therefore, the drawing of the plan should be located approximately at a distance of 75-80 mm from the sheet frame. In specific cases, these dimensions may vary.

After determining the location of the plan on the sheet and its scale, they begin to draw.

1. Coordination axes are applied, first longitudinal, then transverse (Fig. 10.3.12, a). These axes are conditional geometric lines. They serve to bind the building to the building coordination grid and master plan reference points, as well as to determine the position of load-bearing structures, since these axes are drawn only along the main walls and columns. In some cases, they may not coincide with the axes of symmetry of the walls.

On fig. 10.3.13 shows an example of a plan for the second floor of a residential building.

The coordination axes of buildings and structures are applied by dash-dotted lines with long strokes 0.3-0.4 mm thick. It is allowed, after tracing the drawing, to leave the axes only at the intersections of the walls. On the plans, the center axes are taken out of the contour of the walls and mar

kiruyut. To mark the axes on the side of the building with a large number of them, Arabic numerals 1, 2, 3, etc. are used. Most often, a greater number of axes run across the building.

To mark the axes on the side of the building with a smaller number, they use the letters of the Russian alphabet A, B, C, etc. Letters mark, as a rule, the axis running along the building. At the same time, it is not recommended to use the letters: Ё, 3, Y, O, X, C, H, SH, Y, b, b. If there are not enough letters of the alphabet for marking the axes, it is allowed to continue marking with double letters like AA, BB, etc. .d. The axes of the elements located between the alignment axes of the main supporting structures can be marked with shot B/1, B/2, 1/1, 2/1, etc.

In this case, the numerator indicates the designation of the previous coordination axis, and the denominator indicates the serial number of the additional axis within the area between adjacent coordination axes (Fig. 10,3,14). Such elements are half-timbered columns, built-in structures, installed equipment.

To designate the coordination axes of block sections of residential buildings, the index "c" is used (Fig. 10.3.15, a).

On the plans of residential buildings, arranged from block sections, the designations of the extreme coordination axes of the block sections are applied without an index (Fig. 10.3.15, b).

Marking starts from left to right and from bottom to top. Omissions in serial numbering and the alphabet when using alphabetic designations are not allowed. Typically, marking circles (their diameter is 6-12 mm) are placed on the left and lower sides of buildings (Fig. 10.3.16). If the location of the axes on the right and upper side of the plan does not coincide with the breakdown of the axes of its left and lower sides, then the coordination axes are marked on all sides of the plan or on those two sides where the axes do not coincide (Fig. 10.3.17).

On the image of an element attached to several coordination axes, these axes are denoted by:

• when the number of coordination axes is not more than three - as shown in Fig. 10.3.18;
• with three or more coordination axes - as shown in Fig. 10.3.19.
• if it is necessary to orient the coordination axis, to which this element is attached, in relation to the neighboring axis, the direction is indicated by an arrow (Fig. 10.3.20).

2. Draw with thin lines (0.3-0.4 mm thick) the contours of the longitudinal and transverse external and internal capital walls and columns (see Fig. 10.3.12, b).

Capital external and internal walls, columns and other structural elements are tied to the coordination axes, i.e. determine the distances from the inner or outer plane of the wall or the geometric axis of the element to the coordination axis of the building.

In buildings with load-bearing longitudinal and transverse walls, the binding is performed in accordance with the following guidelines.

In external bearing walls, the coordination axis passes from the inner plane of the walls at a distance equal to half the nominal thickness of the inner bearing wall (Fig. 10.3.21, Fig. 10.3.22, a), a multiple of the module or its half. In brick walls, this distance is most often taken equal to 200 mm, or equal to the module, i.e. 100 mm. It is allowed to draw coordination axes along the inner plane of the outer walls (Fig. 10.3.22, d). If the floor elements rest on the outer wall throughout its entire thickness, the modular coordination axis is aligned with the outer edge of the wall (Fig. 10.3.22, c).

In the inner walls, the geometric axis of symmetry is combined with the coordination axis (see Fig. 10.3.21). Deviation from this rule is allowed for the walls of staircases and for walls with ventilation ducts.

In external self-supporting and curtain walls, their inner face is often combined with the coordination axis (see Fig. 10.3.22, d), but if the floor or coating panels partially go into the wall or completely cover it, then the coordination center axis is combined with the outer edges of the coating or floors (Fig. 10.3.22, e).

When beams of girders or trusses are supported on the inner pilasters of the outer walls, the pilaster face at the level of the upper part of the wall is taken as the inner face of the wall (Fig. 10.3.22r b). In brick walls, it is allowed to adjust the binding value taking into account the dimensions of the brick.

In frame buildings, the geometric center of the section of the column of the inner row coincides with the intersection of the modular coordination axes (Fig. 10.3.23, Fig. 10.3.24).

In the extreme rows of columns of frame buildings, the coordination axis can pass:

• along the outer face of the column, if the crossbar, beam or truss overlaps the column;
• at a distance equal to half the thickness of the inner column, if the crossbars rest on the consoles of the columns or the floor panels rest on the consoles of the crossbars;
• at a distance that is a multiple of the module or half of it from the outer edge of the columns in a one-story building with heavy crane loads (see Fig. 10.3.24).

Modular center axes, perpendicular to the direction of the columns of the extreme row, should be combined with the geometric axis of the columns.

3. Draw the contours of the partitions with thin lines (Fig. 10.3.12, c). Attention should be paid to the difference in the connection of external and internal main walls and main walls and partitions (Fig. 10.3.25, a, b, c).

4. Perform a breakdown of window and door openings and outline the contours of the main walls and partitions with lines of appropriate thickness (see Table 9.5.2).

The symbol for window and door openings with and without filling is depicted in accordance with GOST 21.501-93. When drawing a plan on a scale of 1:50 or 1:100, if there are quarters in the openings, their conditional image is given in the drawing.

Quarter- this is a protrusion in the upper and side parts of the openings of brick walls, which reduces the airflow and facilitates the fastening of the boxes (Fig. 10.3.26, a-c).

When choosing the thickness of the stroke lines, it should be taken into account that non-load-bearing structures, in particular, the contours of partitions, are outlined with lines of a smaller thickness than load-bearing main walls and columns.

5. Draw symbols for stairs, sanitary and other equipment, and also indicate the direction of door opening (Fig. 10.3.12, e). On the plans of industrial buildings, the axes of rail tracks and monorails are applied.

When drawing plans for buildings, the graphic designation of stoves or sanitary equipment should be drawn on the scale adopted for this plan.

6. Apply extension, dimension lines and marking circles (Fig. 10.3.12, e).

The first dimension line, both inside the outline of the plan and outside it, should be placed no closer than 10 mm from the outline of the drawing. However, due to the fact that brands of various building elements are often placed in front of the first dimension line behind the outline of the plan, this distance is increased to 14-21 mm or more. Subsequent dimension lines are placed at a distance of at least 7 mm from each other. Dimensions that go beyond the size of the plan are most often applied in the form of three or more dimensional "chains" (see Fig. 9.5.5). The marking circles of the coordination axes are placed at a distance of 4 mm from the last dimension line.

7. Put down the required dimensions, brands of axles and other elements (see Fig. 10.3.13). The dimensions of the plan indicate the dimensions of the premises, the thickness of the walls, partitions, the binding of the internal walls to the coordination axes, the partitions to the internal and external walls or to the coordination axes. The dimensions of openings in internal walls, in brick partitions are applied, as well as their binding to the contour of the walls or to the coordination axes. The dimensions of the doorways in the partitions are not shown on the plan. They also indicate the dimensions of the holes in the walls and partitions and their binding, or make a link to the corresponding drawings. On the plans of industrial buildings, floor slopes, dimensions and binding of channels, trays and ladders arranged in the floor structure are applied.

Behind the outline of the plan, usually in the first chain, counting from the contour of the plan, there are dimensions indicating the width of window and door openings, walls and protruding parts of the building with their binding to the axes. The second chain contains the size between the axes of the main walls and columns. In the third chain, the size is put down between the coordination axes of the outermost walls. With the same arrangement of openings on two opposite facades of the building, it is allowed to apply dimensions only on the left and bottom sides of the plan. In all other cases, dimensions are placed on all sides of the plan. On the plans of industrial buildings, with repeated repetition of the same size, you can indicate it only once on each side of the building, and instead of other dimensional numbers, give the total size between the extreme elements as a product of the number of repetitions by the repeating size (see Fig. 9.5.6 ). The plans of industrial buildings also indicate the types of openings for gates and doors (in circles with a diameter of 5-6 mm), brands of lintels and transoms, numbers of partition schemes, etc. If the area of ​​​​the premises is put down on the plan, then it is better to place the figure of its size in the corner of the drawing of each room, preferably in the lower right, and underline it. The areas of premises, most often, are given on the plans of civil buildings.

When drawing building plans made of large blocks or panels, the number of dimensions outside the outline of the plan, as a rule, decreases. Most often, only the dimensions are indicated between all the coordination axes and between the extreme axes (Fig. 10.3.12, a, b). In more detail, the position of window and door openings is shown on the layout diagrams of blocks or panels.

When drawing up a plan drawing, the numbers and letters of the marks of the axes and the numbers indicating the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe premises or their marking should be written in a larger font than the dimensional ones.

8. Perform the necessary inscriptions (see Fig. 10.3.13).

On the plans of industrial buildings, they write the name of the premises or technological sections, indicating the category of production for explosive, explosion and fire hazards. It is allowed to place the names of premises and categories of production in the explication with the numbering of premises on the plan in circles with a diameter of 6-8 mm. The name of the premises can also be indicated on the drawings of plans for civil buildings. An inscription is made above the plan drawing. For industrial buildings, this will be an indication of the floor level of the production facility or site according to the “Plan for elev. 2.350". The word "mark" is abbreviated.

For civil buildings in the inscription, you can write the name of the floor according to the type “Plan of the 1st floor”, or “Plan of the 3rd floor in axes 3-7”. For multi-storey buildings, plan drawings are drawn up separately for each floor. But if a number of floors have the same layout, then a plan of one of them is drawn, and all floors with a similar layout are indicated in the inscription. For example, "Plan of the 2nd and 3rd floors." If the building is one-story, then the floor is not indicated. The inscription is not underlined.

In the main inscription, the name of the plans is written according to the type “Plan of the technical underground”.

9. Designate the secant planes of the cuts (see Fig. 10.3.13). Horizontal traces of imaginary cut planes are also applied on the plans, along which images of the sections of the building are then built. These traces are thick open strokes (1 mm thick) with arrows (Fig. 10.3.27). If necessary, the imaginary plane of the cut can be depicted as a thickened dash-dotted line.

The direction of the arrows, i.e. direction of view, it is recommended to take from the bottom up or from right to left. However, if necessary, you can choose another direction. Thick strokes with arrows should not go through the outline of the plan or come close to it. Depending on the position of the dimensional chains and the workload of the drawing, they can be placed at the contour of the plan or behind the extreme dimensional chain (see Fig. 10.3.13). Cuts along two or more cutting planes should be avoided. The secant planes of the cuts are denoted by letters of the Russian alphabet or numbers.

Drawings of floor plans are accompanied by specifications of structural elements (carpentry, etc.); wardrobe equipment specifications; explication of premises (moreover, in the explication for residential and public buildings, the column “Category of production for explosive, explosion and fire hazard” is excluded); lists of interior decoration, in which the number of columns is determined by the presence of interior elements to be finished; a list of gate openings and lintels, etc. The shape and dimensions of the tables are shown in fig. 10.3.28 and fig. 10.3.29.

If necessary, special-purpose plans can also be carried out. So, for structural elements of buildings of industrial manufacture (Fig. 10.3.30), the mounting plans of the walls are drawn.

Installation plans should show:

• coordination axes of the building, distances between them and between the extreme axes;
• structural elements of the building with reference to the coordination axes or structures and marking;
• window and door openings;
• stairs within the floor (schematically);
• notation of cutting planes of nodes and fragments;
• floor marks (when the floors are located on the same level, their marks are not put down);
• the thickness of walls and partitions, their binding to the coordination axes or to the surfaces of the nearest structures.

For buildings made of bricks or small blocks, masonry plans are carried out.

Masonry plans should contain:

• dimensions of window and door openings, piers with their binding to the center axes or to the building structures;
• section of columns, pillars and other elements;
• place of laying and marking of jumpers;
• openings, channels, niches, chimneys, ventilation ducts, openings for ventilation ducts (on the attic plan) with reference to the coordination axes or building structures.

On the masonry plans of buildings, reinforced sections of walls or piers are also indicated or reference is made to reinforcement drawings. For complex sections of the plan, fragments should be developed. Window and door blocks or schemes for filling openings on the plans of public buildings are marked.

The plan indicates the name and area of ​​​​the premises. If the size of the image does not allow making an inscription on the drawing, then the rooms are numbered, and their name and area are given in the explication, which can be combined with the statement for finishing the premises. Marking numbers are placed in circles with a diameter of 6-8 mm. On the plans of public buildings, jumpers are marked by the type and number of elements included in the jumper, as well as by their location in the section. Data on marked jumpers are given in the statements.

If necessary (due to the strong saturation of the image), the jumper plan can be performed separately.

Separately for residential and public buildings, plans for finishing works can be drawn. This plan indicates the areas of the premises, the brands of window and door blocks, built-in wardrobes, mezzanines, etc. with an assembly or masonry floor plan, and for public buildings - with a schematic floor plan. With simple finishing methods, these plans can be combined. The drawings of the plan are accompanied by a statement of the finishing of the premises.

Still do not know where to download the AutoCAD project? In this article, we will look behind the scenes of finished projects in dwg format, and you will also find useful links to AutoCAD projects / drawings.

If you plan to create your own project "from scratch" in AutoCAD, then we advise you to go first (author: Alexey Merkulov). Here you can download a ready-made project that is being implemented in the course (download an example of a cottage.dwg). This file will help you with practical tasks (there are all the sizes you need, and you can also use the template itself as a basis!)

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8) Projects of 6 cottages in *.DWG format. Download AutoCAD drawings.

Rice. 13 - Cottages in AutoCAD. Ready projects dwg.

9) Classic cottage with a beautiful facade. Download the finished AutoCAD project.

Rice. 14 - Projects of houses in AutoCAD. Download ready-made drawings.

Rice. 15 - House in AutoCAD. Classic cottage.

10) 3D project of a cottage in AutoCAD. Free download AutoCAD house.

Rice. 16 - Download projects of houses AutoCAD.

11) 5-storey house in AutoCAD (3D model). Download the finished AutoCAD project.

Rice. 17 - Download 3D house model in AutoCAD.

Useful links to ready-made AutoCAD projects.

Ready-made AutoCAD projects in large quantities can be found on the website