How did the war affect people's lives? Man and war

From the moment when a person picked up an ordinary stick, he understood one simple truth: aggression towards one's neighbor is the easiest way to achieve the desired political result. At all times, war has been one of the main industries of man. Entire peoples and nations were destroyed so that others could get the desired benefits. Thus, war is the natural desire of man to dominate his own kind.

Why is military aggression necessary?

Through war, you can get absolute supremacy - this is the key fact for a reasonable person. War can also be seen as a necessary element of human life itself. For example, a resource war will be necessary for a people who have virtually no mineral deposits. From an economic point of view, war can be characterized as a profitable investment that allows in the future to bring not only profit, but also certain intangible benefits: power, primacy, influence, etc.

War influence structure

In the theory of state and law, there is a peculiar theory of the origin of the state system. It says that the state as such appeared as a result of violence, that is, through numerous conquests, humanity moved away from the primitive system. All the above facts make it possible to see the actual content of the war as a factor. However, delving into theoretical reflections on the war, many forget to consider it as a process that has a certain impact and consequences. Based on this, the impact and consequences can be considered at three main levels, namely: how the war affects a person, society, and the state. Each factor should be considered in strict sequence, since each structural element is associated with the next, more important one.

The effect of war on man

The life of any person is full of a huge number of factors that negatively affect his well-being, but there is no such negative factor as war. This factor affects a person with the power of an atomic bomb. First of all, the impact is on mental health. In this case, we do not consider trained soldiers, since from the first days of their training they gain all sorts of practical skills that later help them survive.

First of all, war is a huge stress for an ordinary person, regardless of his social or financial situation. Military aggression implies the invasion of troops of another power into the territory of a person's native country. Stress will be present under any circumstances, even if the hostilities are not conducted in the city of his stay. In this case, the state of a person is comparable to the emotional state of a cat, which was simply thrown into the water. It is this method that most colorfully describes how war affects a person.

But stress is the primary effect. It is usually followed by irresistible or the loss of something or someone close. In this state, all thought processes and vital activity of a person are dulled. After some time, and it is different for each person, almost everyone gets used to the idea of ​​the inevitability of their situation. Fear and stress fade into the background, and a feeling of oppression comes. This effect is especially evident in places of occupation.

The impact of war on children

In the process of considering the topic, the question involuntarily arises of how war affects children. To date, psychological studies conducted with children who grew up or were born during the war have shown the following facts. Depending on the remoteness of the theater of operations, on the place where the child lives, the memories are quite different. The smaller the child, the less noticeable the impact of the war will become for him. Also, a fairly strong factor is the remoteness of the residential area from the combat zone. When a child lives in a place where horror, fear and devastation reign, his nervous system will suffer greatly in the future. It is impossible to say unequivocally how the war affects children. Everything will depend on the concrete fact of life. In the case of children, it is impossible to find a pattern, because a child is not a socially and financially formed person.

The impact of war on society

So, we have learned how war affects a person. The arguments are given above. But a person cannot be considered from the point of view of one individual, because he lives surrounded by other people. How does the war affect the country and the population of this country?

As a geopolitical phenomenon, it has an extremely negative effect. Being in constant panic and fear, the society of a separate country begins to degrade. This is especially evident in the first years of the war. It should be remembered that society is a certain number of people who live in the same territory and are connected with each other by social, economic and cultural relations. In the first years of the war, all these relations completely break down. Society as such ceases to exist altogether. There is a nation, but each individual person loses his social connection. In subsequent years, all of the above ties can be restored, for example, in the form However, in this case, the task of such social ties is formed based on the task, and it is quite simple - to exclude enemy forces on its territory. Also in the first years of the war there will be a rise in antisocial elements. Cases of looting, banditry and other crimes among the population will become more frequent.

How war affects the state

From the point of view of international law, a declaration of war entails a severance of diplomatic and consular relations. During hostilities, states do not use the norms of international law, but the norms of international Do not forget about the reaction of the international community to the belligerent countries stand out, while they can only be assisted by world intergovernmental organizations such as the UN, the OSCE and others. Of course, ordinary countries can also provide assistance, but in this case it will be regarded as the acceptance of one of the belligerents. In addition to purely legal consequences, hostilities cause enormous damage to the country's population, which is declining due to increased mortality.

It is also necessary to take into account how the war affects the economy of the country. When the state conducts full-front military operations, taking into account the mobilization of the entire array of armed forces, the country's economy involuntarily begins to work for the war process as a whole. Very often, enterprises that were previously engaged in the manufacture of any civilian items or equipment change their qualifications and begin to manufacture the necessary military items. Also, a huge amount of money is spent on the war. Even taking into account the final positive result - victory - it cannot be said that the war is a positive factor for the economy.

Thus, the situation with the answer to the question of how the war affects the country is rather ambiguous. The state and its economy are inextricably linked, but the consequences of the influence of military operations are completely different.

Conclusion

The article examined how war affects a person, society and the state. Considering all the above arguments, it is safe to say that any impact of the war will be extremely negative.

What does war take away from civilians? Is it compatible with human life? The problem of the impact of war on people's lives is raised in the text by V.P. Erashov.

Reflecting on this topic, the author describes the first real battle of Katya - the "girl", who, by the will of fate, ended up in the war. Erashov, at the beginning of the text fragment, notes with regret the consequences of this destructive phenomenon on a person: all Katya's relatives died, "in fact, she had nothing to lose in battle - except her own life."

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The suffering brought by the war took away from her even the expressed desire to live. Moreover, at the end of the text, the author contrasts Katya's previously possible role in the family with her current fate: Katya has become "not a wife, not a mother, not a keeper of the hearth - a tank commander."

The author's position regarding the problem raised is clear and expressed in the last paragraph: Erashov regrets how the war affected the young girl, bringing her a lot of suffering and depriving her of a peaceful family future.

The theme of the influence of war on a person is developed in Leo Tolstoy's epic novel "War and Peace". A change in attitude towards the murder of a man by a man, Prince Andrei Bolkonsky, can be traced throughout the work. If the hero initially perceived the war as an opportunity to earn fame and respect, then over time he completely abandons his beliefs, seeing the imaginary greatness of Napoleon, the ostentatious nature of his actions. Especially successful is the negative attitude towards the war, which brings severe suffering to thousands during units, Prince Bolkonsky is confirmed by his thoughts about the wounded soldiers in the infirmary: their bodies resembled human meat.

The path of Grigory Melekhov, the hero of M. A. Sholokhov's novel "Quiet Don", also demonstrates the destructive role of war in the life of an ordinary person. Accustomed to rural life, the hero presents the war as something due, and the killing of the enemy as something justified. But the first hostilities begin to destroy the convictions of Gregory, who realizes the futility of this action. He understands that the enemy fighters are just ordinary people like him, obeying orders from above. The hero cannot justify the suffering he is forced to inflict on others.

Thus, the problem of the influence of war on a person finds development not only in works entirely devoted to this topic: it undoubtedly gives creators food for thought to this day.

Updated: 2017-05-24

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The perception of the war by a person who really went through all its hardships is strikingly different from what is presented in history books or in solemn celebratory speeches.

A person who fought does not remember the dates of great battles, not the strategic plans of commanders, and not the names of heroic generals. Each of the ordinary soldiers remembers something of their own, personal: fellow soldiers, pictures of battles that remain forever in their memory, even some small everyday details.

Yuri Levitansky "Well, what if I was there ..."

This was written by many authors who devoted themselves to military topics. For example, Yu.D. Levitansky in his poem "So what if I was there..." says that one person could not influence the course of the war so much. On the contrary, the war affected every single soldier.

And the former soldier will never be able to forget all the hardships of the war years, even if he really wants to - all the same, these memories will haunt him. In this poem, Levitansky remembers his dead fellow soldiers (he still feels inexplicable guilt before them), and watches the rapid passage of time, which leaves the war farther and farther away. But the war cannot "end" for those who have been there.

Creativity Yulia Drunina

The poetess Yulia Drunina, who went to war at the age of seventeen and spent all four years as a nurse in a battalion, wrote about the same effect of war on a person. Her poems show precisely the attitude towards the war of "ordinary" - young boys and girls who had to grow up at the front and in the trenches.

I've only seen melee once.

Once - in reality. And a thousand - in a dream.

Who says that war is not scary,

He knows nothing about the war.

This is one of her most vivid and expressive poems, from which we can conclude that in fact nothing is forgotten. And the impressions that the soldiers received in the war remained with them all their lives.

Boris Vasiliev in the story "Veteran"

Precisely because they usually remembered so well all the terrible details of the war, it was so hard for veterans to talk about the war as a "great victory for a great people." Boris Vasiliev writes about this in the story "Veteran": the main character, who went through the war as a washerwoman at the battalion, is entrusted with a performance on the anniversary of May 9th.

Her husband invites her to tell about the important strategic tasks that the Fourth Ukrainian Front was solving, but the heroine understands that this is not her war, she herself remembers something completely different: how young laundress girls mutilated their hands, washing a soldier's uniform, how they fell in love with young lieutenants and remembered them all their lives, how the commander took care of them like a father ...

But already at the speech, she realizes that it will be too painful for her to talk about all this, and therefore she begins to read out a dry text about the entry of the Soviet army into Europe.

The war really remained in the memory of veterans forever, and only a few of them then had the spiritual strength to state (on paper or aloud) everything that worried ordinary young soldiers at a time when the commanders were thinking about strategic plans and weapons.

The influence of war on the fate of man is a topic that has been the subject of thousands of books. Everyone theoretically knows what war is. Those who felt her monstrous touch on themselves are much less. War is a constant companion of human society. It contradicts all moral laws, but despite this, every year the number of people affected by it is growing.

The fate of a soldier

The image of a soldier has always inspired writers and filmmakers. In books and films, he commands respect and admiration. In life - detached pity. The state needs a soldier as a nameless manpower. His crippled fate can excite only those close to him. The influence of war on the fate of a person is indelible, regardless of what was the reason for participating in it. And there can be many reasons. Starting from the desire to protect the homeland and ending with the desire to earn money. One way or another, it is impossible to win the war. Each of its participants is obviously defeated.

In 1929, a book was published, the author of which, fifteen years before this event, dreamed of getting to his homeland at all costs, nothing excited his imagination. He wanted to see the war, because he believed that only she could make a real writer out of him. His dream came true: he received many stories, reflected them in his work and became known to the whole world. The book in question is Farewell to Arms. Author - Ernest Hemingway.

About how the war affects the fate of people, how it kills and maims them, the writer knew firsthand. He divided people related to her into two categories. The first included those who fight on the front lines. To the second - those who kindle the war. The American classic judged the latter unequivocally, believing that the instigators should be shot in the first days of hostilities. The influence of war on the fate of man, according to Hemingway, is devastating. After all, it is nothing more than a "brazen, dirty crime."

Illusion of immortality

Many young people begin to fight, subconsciously unaware of the possible ending. The tragic end in their thoughts does not correlate with their own destiny. The bullet will overtake anyone, but not him. Mina he can safely bypass. But the illusion of immortality and excitement dissipate like yesterday's dream during the first hostilities. And with a successful outcome, another person returns home. He does not return alone. With him is the war, which becomes his companion until the last days of his life.

Revenge

About the atrocities of Russian soldiers in recent years began to speak almost openly. Books by German authors, eyewitnesses of the Red Army march on Berlin, have been translated into Russian. The feeling of patriotism for some time weakened in Russia, which made it possible to write and talk about mass rapes and inhuman atrocities carried out by the victors on German territory in 1945. But what should be the psychological reaction of a person after an enemy appeared on his native land and destroyed his family and home? The influence of war on the fate of a person is impartial and does not depend on which camp he belongs to. Everyone becomes a victim. The true perpetrators of such crimes usually go unpunished.

About responsibility

In 1945-1946, a trial was held in Nuremberg to try the leaders of Nazi Germany. The convicts were sentenced to death or long-term imprisonment. As a result of the titanic work of investigators and lawyers, sentences were passed that corresponded to the severity of the crime committed.

After 1945 wars continue around the world. But the people unleashing them are sure of their absolute impunity. More than half a million Soviet soldiers died during the Afghan war. Approximately fourteen thousand Russian military personnel account for the losses in the Chechen war. But no one was punished for the unleashed madness. None of the perpetrators of these crimes died. The effect of war on a person is all the more terrible because in some, although rare cases, it contributes to material enrichment and strengthening of power.

Is war a noble cause?

Five hundred years ago, the leader of the state personally led his subjects on the attack. He risked the same as ordinary fighters. The picture has changed over the past two hundred years. The influence of war on a person has become deeper, because there is no justice and nobility in it. Military masterminds prefer to sit in the rear, hiding behind the backs of their soldiers.

Ordinary fighters, once on the front line, are guided by a strong desire to escape at any cost. There is a “shoot first” rule for this. The one who shoots second, inevitably dies. And the soldier, pulling the trigger, no longer thinks about the fact that there is a person in front of him. A click occurs in the psyche, after which it is difficult, almost impossible, to live among people who are not versed in the horrors of war.

More than twenty-five million people died in the Great Patriotic War. Every Soviet family knew grief. And this grief left a deep painful imprint, which was passed on even to descendants. A female sniper with 309 lives on her account commands respect. But in the modern world, the former soldier will not find understanding. Tales of his murders are more likely to cause alienation. How does war affect the fate of a person in modern society? Just like the participant in the liberation of the Soviet land from the German occupiers. The only difference is that the defender of his land was a hero, and whoever fought on the opposite side was a criminal. Today, war is devoid of meaning and patriotism. Even the fictitious idea for which it is kindled has not been created.

Lost generation

Hemingway, Remarque and other authors of the 20th century wrote about how war affects the fate of people. It is extremely difficult for an immature person to adapt to civilian life in the post-war years. They had not yet had time to get an education, their moral positions were not strong before they appeared at the recruiting station. The war destroyed in them that which had not yet had time to appear. And after it - alcoholism, suicide, madness.

Nobody needs these people, they are lost to society. There is only one person who will accept the crippled fighter as he has become, will not turn away and refuse him. This person is his mother.

woman at war

A mother who loses her son is not able to come to terms with it. No matter how heroically a soldier dies, the woman who gave birth to him will never be able to come to terms with his death. Patriotism and lofty words lose their meaning and become ridiculous next to her grief. The influence of war on becomes unbearable when this person is a woman. And we are talking not only about soldiers' mothers, but also about those who, along with men, take up arms. A woman was created for the birth of a new life, but not for its destruction.

Children and war

Why is war not worth it? It is not worth a human life, maternal grief. And she is not able to justify a single tear of a child. But those who conceive this bloody crime are not touched even by children's crying. World history is full of terrible pages that tell of atrocious crimes against children. Despite the fact that history is a science necessary for a person to avoid the mistakes of the past, people continue to repeat them.

Children not only die in the war, they die after it. But not physically, but mentally. It was after the First World War that the term "children's homelessness" appeared. This social phenomenon has different preconditions for its occurrence. But the most powerful of them is war.

In the 1920s, orphaned children of war filled the cities. They had to learn to survive. They did this by begging and stealing. The first steps in a life in which they are hated turned them into criminals and immoral creatures. How does war affect the fate of a person who is just beginning to live? She deprives him of his future. And only a happy accident and someone's participation can make a child who lost his parents in the war, a full-fledged member of society. The effect of the war on children is so profound that the country that participated in it has to suffer its consequences for decades.

Fighters today are divided into "murderers" and "heroes". They are neither the same nor the other. A soldier is someone who has been unlucky twice. For the first time - when he got to the front. The second time - when he returned from there. Murder depresses a person. Awareness comes sometimes not immediately, but much later. And then hatred and a desire for revenge settle in the soul, which makes not only the former soldier unhappy, but also his loved ones. And it is necessary to judge for this the organizers of the war, those who, according to Leo Tolstoy, being the lowest and vicious people, received power and glory as a result of the implementation of their plans.

Elena Chernukhina does not yet have complete information on the dates, awards, geographical names associated with the military roads of her relatives. She plans to carry out these searches in the summer together with her daughter. Today Elena shares her thoughts on how the war affected the fate of people, through the prism of childhood feelings and memories of relatives.

Real heroes are near

The theme of the Great Patriotic War has lived in me and always lives. To pain in the heart, to a coma in the throat. Brought up by the Soviet school, I clearly know all the stages, all the events and heroes of that time. For a year now, watching the traditional events associated with the anniversary military date, I suddenly realized that I know very little about the participation of my relatives in that war. I am bitter that I did not learn anything about the war from them themselves. Then my heart was occupied by other heroes. Reading books about them, I shed tears: Pavka Korchagin, the Young Guards, Vitaly Bonivur (I named my brother after him).
Now, when none of my relatives, participants in the war, are alive, I understand that real heroes lived next to me, and not book ones. It is amazing that, having serious injuries, their health undermined by the war, they then did not enjoy any benefits, did not have a disability, but worked like hell for the rest of their lives in the fields and farms. But who then considered the heroes of ordinary village peasants? Their profiles were not very suitable for the heroism of that time. Yes, and participation in the war was considered a common thing: after all, everyone who returned from the front was alive. Nobody went into details.
True, once a year, on May 9, front-line soldiers, along with schoolchildren, were invited to a rally at a mass grave with a traditional pyramid on which eight names of buried soldiers were carved. This grave is now abandoned, the monument has almost collapsed, since no one cared for it.
After the rallies, the veterans sat on the grass, celebrated the Victory with a drink and a simple snack, and commemorated the dead. After several toasts, the noise of voices intensified, disputes arose, turning into shouts, thick obscenities, and sometimes into fights. The main reason for these unrest was the fact that former policemen were also present here. In their address from the “warriors” (as the front-line soldiers were called in the village) such things were carried! “I shed blood, and you, bitch, served the Nazis!” Those who were captured were not welcomed either.

Grandpa is a former tanker

My paternal grandfather Ivan Fedorovich Chernukhin went to the Finnish War at the age of 21 in 1939. At this time, his first child, my dad, was only a year old. Grandfather was seriously wounded, and in 1940 he came home for aftercare. And already in 1941, Ivan, having two children, went to the Great Patriotic War with the first call. After the courses, he fought as a gunner-driver in tank troops. He held the defense of Leningrad, was wounded more than once, but reached Berlin.
The family at that time lived in the occupied territory. They were in poverty - the policemen took away the cow, the only breadwinner. I often catch myself thinking that the civilian population, especially children, had a difficult life during the war. One winter, the policemen brought Nazis to the house where a grandmother lived with small children. They climbed onto the stove, took off their grandmother's felt boots and tried to try them on, but the boots did not fit - grandmother had a small foot. And then my four-year-old dad shouted: “You don’t need to take our felt boots, go to grandma Varya (neighbor) - she has a hefty leg!”
Grandfather returned home with the rank of foreman, having military awards. As a relatively literate young front-line soldier, he was harnessed to collective farm work. He visited all positions - from the chairman to the shepherd on the Ordzhonikidze collective farm (they came up with such names: where is Ordzhonikidze, and where is the downtrodden village of Konyshevsky district). This was a common occurrence in those years: instead of not very literate soldiers, party functionaries came to leadership positions, and the “warrior” was sent to shepherds. Grandpa liked to drink. At these moments, he became miserable, cried, remembered the war and asked me: “Unucha, sing “Three tankers!” Grandfather, a former tanker, adored this song. And I, a little one, sang loudly with my tipsy grandfather: “Three tankmen, three cheerful friends!” Grandfather loved me: the first granddaughter! I regret that I did not ask him about the war years when I was an adult.

The fate of relatives

The fate of Semyon Vasilyevich Lebedev, maternal grandfather, was more tragic. Semyon Vasilyevich was very literate: he graduated with honors from a parochial school, drew well, and played the harmonica from the age of three. But the parents disposed of Semyon's fate in their own way. Instead of studying to become an icon painter, which the son dreamed of, they sent him to relatives in the Donbass, where his grandfather served as a boy in a shop. Before the Great Patriotic War, he had a serious path. In 1914 he was drafted into the tsarist army, went through the First World War. While fighting against the Germans (he said so), he experienced chemical weapons: he was poisoned with gases, and until the end of his life, his grandfather suffered from terrible asthma. Revolutionary propaganda brought him under the banner of the Red Army and led him through the crucible of the civil war, after which he established Soviet power, engaging in collectivization in his district. At the same time, my grandfather was not officially a member of the party. His brother Peter, who returned from Austrian captivity, had a windmill and fell under dispossession. Until the end of his life, the brother did not forgive that his grandfather did not protect him, but he never joined the collective farm, he died early.
In September 1941, at the age of 46, my grandfather went to the Great Patriotic War. A seriously ill wife remained at home with four children, the youngest of which is my mother. Grandfather began his soldier's way with the defense of Moscow, and in 1944 he was very seriously wounded in the legs, he was treated in a hospital in Kazan. That year he returned from the front. Mom remembers that my grandmother jumped out onto the porch and threw herself on the neck of some uncle. She only shouted out loud: “Senechka has come!” and cried. And my mother thought that this mother was hugging someone else's uncle. She did not recognize her father, terrible, overgrown, dirty, on two crutches. After all, when he went to the front, she was three years old. Grandfather went not only the path of a soldier. In the year of his return from the front, he was put on two crutches as a weigher to weigh grain. And in the year of the Victory, grandfather Semyon became an enemy of the people: hungry fellow countrymen made a dig in the warehouse, and the grains were missing. They did not find out - they sent him to Stalin's camps for six years, where he served three years. Ironically, grandfather was sent to where he was treated in the hospital after being wounded. Then there was rehabilitation, but what did it matter when the children suffered from hunger (the household was confiscated), and the wife, overstrained, died early ...
After grandfather Semyon worked in the village council (how many people who escaped from the village to study or earn money, he secretly issued certificates!). He was known throughout the region as an accordionist. He, an absolute teetotaler, was in great demand and catered for everything from christenings to funerals. There was even a queue for him. Grandfather had a special notebook where he wrote down his repertoire: grandfather knew dozens of Poles alone. He knew how to repair harmonicas. And if there were still harmonists in the district, then no one possessed this skill. Sometimes grandfather was given an extra workday for playing at events. The accordion was with her grandfather on all fronts. He did not part with her until the end of his life.
My grandfather's sons, my uncles, used to take wounded soldiers as teenagers. For this, the policemen well retreated with their whips. Grandmother was also crippled - they were kicked and beaten to death with gun butts. Mom still remembers the terrible pool of blood on the porch of the hut. And then the eldest of my mother's brothers, Uncle Semyon, was mobilized for the last military draft. At the age of 17, he began to fight, crossed the Dnieper, participated in bloody battles, liberated the countries of Western Europe, reached Berlin. However, not a single serious injury. After the war, he graduated from a military school, served as an officer until the shell shock, which he received during the exercises. My uncle was smart: without support he rose to the rank of captain, he could make a good career.
The grandfathers' awards were lost (who then kept them in the villages, these pieces of iron and letters - a piece of cloth or a pood of millet were valued more), and some of the uncle's awards were preserved.
In our village in the Konyshevsky district, standing on a high mountain, there are many traces of trenches. Soviet troops held the defense here. My parents used to play hide-and-seek in the trenches after the war when they were little, and then so did we. But every year the traces from the trenches become smaller, overgrown with time, only small depressions remain: the earth heals the wounds. Herbs are now raging in these places, berries and flowers are growing. Here you feel eternity, and nothing reminds of the brutal war years. But how terrible it will be if our memory of that tragic time overgrows.
Author Elena Chernukhina.