Do-it-yourself attic staircase with a hatch. DIY folding attic ladder

A folding attic ladder is a convenient option that does not take up much space.

It is not difficult to make such a ladder on your own.

To do this, you do not need to have special talents, you do not need to be a professional carpenter, but you need to have some materials, free time and, of course, a bit of patience.

Which ladder is best?

The attic can be a place littered with old junk and make for a great Halloween decoration.

You can equip a creative workshop or an office for work in the attic, you can equip a cozy children's room there.

But no matter how different purposes an attic space serves, no matter how it is equipped, all the attics in the world are united by one fact: it is impossible to get there without a ladder. Of course, if the owner of the attic is not a superhero.

So which ladder to choose for climbing to the attic? Is it possible to make it with your own hands? The answer to the second question is simpler: everything can be done with human hands! The first question will have to be dealt with in more detail.

The type of stairs should be chosen depending on the purpose of the attic and the availability of free space below.

All types of stairs can be divided into three types:

attached;
permanent;
folding structures.

The easiest option is, of course, a ladder. This type includes both ordinary wooden drabins and metal ladders.

Benefits of a ladder:

light;
does not take up space;
You can use one ladder to climb in different places.

In the economy, this option is undoubtedly indispensable. With the help of a ladder, you can change light bulbs, cut trees on the site, repair the roof, etc.

However, it is convenient to use it to climb to the attic only if the attic is planned to be used from time to time.

This is ideal if old things are stored in the attic, that is, they will go up there a couple of times a year.

If the attic is planned to be converted into a useful, functional room that will be used frequently, then the way to get there should be appropriate.

A fixed ladder is ideal.

This option has many advantages:

stable;
reliable;
it is easy to climb it for both a child and an elderly person;
it is easy to arrange in the style of the room;
can be supplemented with railings;
the space under the marches can be functionally used, for example, to arrange a pantry there.

This is the only acceptable option if the attic is supposed to be converted into a children's room. Metal spiral staircases with wrought iron railings also look very impressive.

But all the advantages of this staircase are crossed out by one fat minus - it takes up a lot of space. What to do for those whose place does not allow to make a stationary staircase?

Is it really necessary to abandon the idea of converting the attic space?

For those who want a reliable and safe ladder, but do not have free space for its installation, there is a third option - a folding design.

This option is slightly inferior in safety to the stationary one, but after use, the ladder will be removed and not take up space. In addition, it is easy to do it yourself, taking into account all the individual nuances.

Folding structures

There are many options for folding ladders.

This type includes the following structures:

hanging;
retracting upward.

Both options are easy to make with your own hands. The difference between them is that the ladder can be folded and removed into the attic hatch or folded and hung on the wall.

The hanging option is only suitable if the hatch is located directly against the wall. In addition, hanging on the wall under the ceiling, albeit a folded wooden structure, will not fit into any interior.

Therefore, the best option is a ladder that will be removed to the attic. Depending on the size of the hatch, it can consist of two, three or even four sections.

Taking measurements and building drawings is the first step in making a ladder with your own hands.

There are a number of rules that, if possible, must be observed in order for the design to be convenient and safe:

the width of the stairs should not be narrower than 60 cm;
in the unfolded state, the angle of inclination must be at least 30 °;
the depth of the step should be at least 10 cm so that the rising person feels confident;
the distance between the steps should not exceed 30 cm (preferably less);
if the attic hatch is higher than 2.2 meters, then it must be equipped with a leash for easy opening;
with a room height of 4 m or more, it is better to choose a stationary option, since under the weight of a person the structure can “play”, which will significantly reduce its safety.

First of all, you need to decide on the size and location of the future hatch. The longer it is, the fewer sections you will need to divide the stairs into.

For example, with a door length of 90 cm and a ladder length of 240 cm, three sections are obtained: 240: (90-10) = 3.

It is better if the hatch is made of solid wood. In this case, it will turn out to be heavier than from plywood or other materials, but the fasteners in the tree will “sit” much better.

On the ceiling, the hatch must be fixed with reliable fixed-opening door canopies.

Such canopies are fixed with their own hands in the position necessary for opening with the help of special pins.

With further opening of the hatch, it will open only as much as the installed studs allow.

Do not use any other fasteners (for example, window awnings).

It must be remembered that the weight of the hatch itself, the ladder and the person climbing it will fall on the canopies. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure the proper reliability of the design.

In addition, you need to install a lock and, in the case of a hatch height inaccessible from human growth, a leash.

The lock from the side of the ceiling can be used as for an interior door, equipped with an automatic latch. From the attic side, a latch type latch is suitable.

A cable or a lever can be used as a leash. The cable, passing through the roller device from the attic side of the door, actuates the lock mechanism.

However, a cable hanging from the ceiling will not fit into every interior, so a lever is a better solution.

The lever is a plastic or metal rod (it can be telescopic for easy storage) with a recess of the desired shape at the upper end.

This method is suitable when using a do-it-yourself mortise lock in the hatch cover, from which you need to remove the turntable.

A turntable is a plastic nozzle on a non-removable key. It is used for the convenience of opening the lock from the inside.

Under the turntable there will be a metal rod of a square or semicircular shape, on which a lever should be put on.

The hole of the lever should fit as closely as possible to the lock rod, in this case the lock will open easily.

If there is a financial opportunity, then you can install an automatic lock with a remote control on the hatch.

Making stairs

After the attic door is made, you can start making stairs with your own hands.

This will require the following materials and tools:

two beams, equal in length to the length of the future staircase, at least 12 cm wide and 3 cm thick;
a board for steps with a width of at least 10 cm, a thickness of 2 cm. The total length of the board is equal to the length of the steps multiplied by their number;
corners or bolts for fastening steps (4 for each step);
fasteners for fixing the upper section of the ladder on the hatch cover;
hinges, two for the number of section connections (4 sections are 3 connections);
drill;
screwdriver;
wood saw;
a long metal ruler or tape measure;
protractor or small.

After everything is prepared for work, the primary task is to mark and secure the steps.

It should be remembered that the stairs will be at an angle, and the steps should be parallel to the floor. They must be marked at an angle of 30 °.

After the first step is fixed, you should install the ladder and make sure that the steps are located correctly.

When the ladder is ready, it should be cut into the required number of sections. The cuts should be located at the same distance from the steps. Sections are fastened together with metal hinges or loops.

When the ladder is assembled, its upper part must be tightly fixed on the attic door, stepping back 5 cm from the top edge.

After that, the load capacity of the ladder and its connections should be checked. Do not check the ladder with your own weight by climbing on it!

To soften the harshness of the opening, you can use rubber straps or metal springs, securing one end to the bottom of the manhole cover, and the other to the attic floor.

The staircase is made by hand, and not so much time and effort was spent on its manufacture.

But for greater security and reliability, something else should be done:

lubricate all moving metal parts (hinges, hinges);
sand all wooden surfaces with an emery cloth or grinder;
if desired, the design can be painted with acrylic paint or varnished.

In this case, this design will last a long time, will not leave a splinter after climbing it, will not tear clothes and will not creak.

Such a device, made by hand, will become a real pride of the owner. Happy repair!

The staircase to the attic is a simple design that you can easily create yourself. It can be solid - made of wood or metal, or it can have a light and convenient folding shape. What options are suitable for your attic and how to make and install an attic staircase with a hatch with your own hands, read in our material.

Attic ladders? It's in the past!

Access to the attic is almost always located in one of the living rooms on the top floor of the house. Therefore, you either have to sacrifice space and spoil the interior, or use a portable stepladder. The last option is not only troublesome, but also quite risky, since unstable steps can break off, and in order to hold the ladder itself, you often need to invite home help.

We suggest you make a choice in favor of a more reliable option - the design and implementation of a new modern attic staircase. The types and recommendations for creating a solid staircase to the attic with your own hands, which we give below, will help you make your choice.

Attic stairs: overview of options

The main elements of the stairs are the bowstring and kosour (side parts); tread (steps) and riser (for fixed stairs).

I. Capital Steps

If there is enough space in your house, then we advise you to build a stationary staircase to access the attic or attic. This option is reliable, practical and durable. Capital steps can be made on the basis of a metal frame or high-quality wood.

Monolithic stairs can be marching, with one or more bends, and spiral (spiral). Marching options have steps in the form of rectangular plates (boards), which evenly tend upward with the same distance. The spiral staircase is folded around the central base, has steps narrowed to the inner edge and is arranged in a spiral. The latter option is more compact and can be built even in small rooms, without sacrificing space.

The "pluses" of the capital option include durability, reliability and comfort in use.

The capital staircase, in most cases, does not provide a hatch for access to the attic, so it is more suitable for houses with a warm roof. For a cold roof, the exit to the attic must be closed with an airtight hatch. The standard dimensions of the hatch are 120x70 cm. It does not make sense to make a smaller passage, as this will make it difficult to get into the attic and install the steps.

The material for the hatch is wood, metal or plastic. You can order a blank for the hatch at the factory of metal-plastic structures with installation or self-assembly. The hatch can be automatic and manual opening. The latter option uses a special pole that opens the latch (lock) and lowers the door with a ladder.

II. Portable ladders

Portable steps - the closest analogue of the "good old" stepladders. Such a ladder will be reliable only if you make a folding version with a platform. However, it is difficult to call such a construction convenient. You will have to make extra efforts to get into the attic hole, and the issue of storing such a ladder will cause a lot of trouble.

III. Folding attic stairs with hatch

A very convenient and easy-to-implement type of attic staircase is folding steps connected to a hatch. Due to the convenience of the design, this type of steps has become the most popular among professional craftsmen.

Today, there are many varieties of folding ladders, among which you can choose the most suitable option (telescopic, scissor, folding, etc.).

The folding mechanism is suitable for any attic with a hatch, on which the ladder structure can be fixed.

Scissor steps. This type is made of metal. The steps themselves can be wooden. The ladder is a compressible mechanism. When folded, the design takes on a very compact shape and size, so it is perfect for a small attic hatch;
Telescopic steps. They are a system of retractable sections (like a folding telescope). This option is made of aluminum and also looks very compact on a small attic door;
Folding (folding) ladders. This type is the most popular, as it is characterized by practicality, durability, economy and ease of installation. Next, we will describe it in more detail.

In general, most stairs schematically look like this:

Before proceeding with the design of the attic stairs, consider some of the standard design features:

The width of the march for attic steps should not exceed 60-65 cm;
The height of the entire structure (taking into account the slope) is allowed up to 300 cm. Anything that exceeds this length becomes less stable and less strong. The higher the ladder, the less load it can withstand;
Based on the recommended length of the stairs, the number of steps is selected - 13-15 pieces, with a distance between them of up to 20 cm;
The most convenient and safe angle of inclination of the stairs is 60-700 degrees;
Steps are the direct recipient of the load when lifting, so they must have a dense structure and a thickness of 18 mm or more, and be located strictly parallel to the floor.

The choice of material for the flight of stairs should be determined by the frequency of operation of the structure. Wood wears out faster than metal. So, if you go up to the attic every day, it is better to design stairs made of metal. In other cases, wood, as a material that is light, environmentally friendly and easy to install, is very popular.

So, let's get started and create a modern attic staircase with a do-it-yourself hatch according to the drawings that our experts have prepared for you.

Stages of design and installation of a ladder of three sections with a hatch

Any work must begin with a project. Determine the height of your future stairs, taking into account the height of the ceiling and a slope of 60-70 degrees. It is also worth accurately measuring the attic passage and drawing the appropriate diagram. The drawing should contain the following information: the length of the stairs, the angle of inclination, the height of the ceiling of the room, the dimensions of the passage and the attic hatch, the width of the march, the number and dimensions of the sections, the number, distance and dimensions of the steps.

I. Drawing preparation

At this stage, the design is calculated. The length of the stairs is easy to calculate. We use a simple mathematical formula: D \u003d B /, where α is the selected angle of inclination, B is the height of the ceiling. So, with a ceiling height of 3 m and an angle of inclination of 60 degrees, the length of the stairs will be 3 / 0.867 = 3.46 m. Masters advise adding a few centimeters to the resulting figure, so that later you can more accurately measure and cut off the desired length:

The dimensions of the hatch should be slightly smaller than the opening itself. For calculation, 6-7 mm are left on each side of the door.

We calculate the length of the sections according to the following scheme: the first section is the length of the hatch minus 10%; the second section is the length of the first section minus 10%; third section - the sum of the lengths of the first two sections is subtracted from the total length of the stairs.

Now the calculations need to be transferred to paper and proceed to the preparation of the necessary materials and tools.

II. Choice of materials and tools

To implement the project, you need to prepare carpentry tools: a tape measure, a chisel, a hacksaw, a screwdriver, a welding machine (or capital connections for a metal frame), a square, a hacksaw, clamps, carpentry glue, masking tape, electrodes, carpentry glue.

The main materials that we need: 50x50 mm bars for finishing the hatch (about 4-5 pieces); two boards for a bowstring 100x25 mm long, equal to the chosen length of the stairs; board for steps 100x20 or 100x25 mm; plywood or material with similar characteristics (one standard sheet is enough for the hatch door); plates and corners for opening and loops; nuts, bolts, screws, washers, etc.

III. Hatch door manufacturing

Step I. Prepare the bars for the hatch. At the ends of the bars, make notches-grooves to tightly connect the structure into a regular triangle using mounting adhesive and fasteners. Protect the corners of the frame with temporary plywood plates so that the rectangle does not lead.

Step II. Attach a sheet of plywood of the appropriate size to the base of the bars. Now you need to try on the hatch to the passage to the attic. It should be 6-7 mm smaller on all sides.

Step III. Provide a lock for the attic door. It can be an automatic mechanism, or the most ordinary latch that can be opened with a pole with a tip.

Step IV. We mount the mechanisms for opening / closing the hatch. If you do not want to buy ready-made mechanisms, you can make them yourself. There should be two fasteners - left and right. For work, purchase a 4x20 mm steel plate and a corner. The photo shows a drawing of the left mounting detail. The right one is mirrored. The sizes are given conditionally. For more accurate calculations, consider your parameters. Before fixing, be sure to check the mechanisms in operation:

IV. We assemble the stairs

You can always order a ready-made sectional ladder from the masters, which you can fix yourself according to the finished scheme. But if you decide to do the work with your own hands to the end, you can assemble a ladder from prepared materials.

Step 1. We mark the places for mounting the steps on the bowstrings. To do this, mark each part with a pencil, according to the selected angle of inclination of the stairs and the calculations made earlier. Now press the ends of the boards tightly together and fasten them with masking tape. This is necessary to drill through holes at the junction of the sections. Drill a hole for a hinge with a diameter of about 25 mm at the junction of the first and second sections. Next, you need to remove the tape and turn the boards over, fastening them again. Now we drill a similar hole at the junction of the second and third sections:

Step 2. Cut the bowstrings along the marked lines. Next, grooves are made for steps on the inside of the bowstrings using a chisel. The depth of the grooves must be at least 5 mm (this should also be taken into account at the first design stage). The lower section of the bowstring should be beveled according to the angle of the stairs.

Step 3. We cut the steps according to the markup and attach them to the left bowstring. We put the steps on glue and fix them with self-tapping screws. We attach the right bowstring and also fasten it with self-tapping screws.

Step 4 We fasten the hinges for the sliding ladder mechanism. Hinges, like hinge mechanisms, can be bought at the store, or made independently from metal tape. We need eight strips of metal (you can use the remains of the door mechanisms). Weld small pieces of the same strip to four strips. We drill two holes in each part (for fastening and hinge). We connect the hinge with the hinges. Now we join the cut sections and apply the hinges so that each hinge falls into the groove (25 mm holes drilled before cutting the sections). We fix the loops on the bowstrings:

V. Final Assembly

Now the top of the finished ladder needs to be fixed to the hatch, after checking the operation of the hinge mechanisms. The ladder should also be checked after installation. After making sure that all the details are in good condition and functional, open the steps with varnish:

And another step-by-step installation guide:

You can insulate and seal the hatch with foam rubber or construction wool. The edges of the hatch should be sheathed with a rubber sealant tape.

That's all, your staircase with a hatch is ready! This is exactly the option that is quite feasible "in one helmet." We wish you fast and easy work.

The attic is a special room under the roof of the house, which can be used in different ways. Naturally, you need to somehow climb up. To do this, you will need an attic ladder. Doing it with your own hands is quite simple. It will only take material, a tool, a drawing and a little time.

Attic staircase designs

Naturally, the presented structure should be convenient and take up very little space in the house.

There are quite a few types of such structures:

- folding. Most often it consists of 3 parts that are fastened together. They can be easily folded. That is, if not needed, such a ladder will be in the attic and will not take up space. You can adjust the height of this design manually. Do-it-yourself folding attic stairs are very easy to set up.

- Sliding. Such a product most often has 2 parts in its composition, which are attached to the hatch. Such stairs must be equipped with handrails. However, keep in mind that in this case you will have to think about how to properly install it in the opening.

- scissor. Most often they are made of metal. The principle of operation of such a design is simple. Sections of steps connect with each other like scissors. In a calm state, such a ladder looks like a spring. You can also equip it with an automatic drive, which will be controlled by a remote control.

What are the building requirements?

If you need an attic ladder, even an amateur can design it with his own hands. However, certain requirements must be met:

1. Particular attention should be paid to the safety of the product. That is, all fasteners must be reliable, and the materials of manufacture are durable. And the stairs should not block the passage.

2. Keep in mind that functionality is more important than external beauty. Although this is not the last detail. For example, you should be comfortable climbing stairs. The design should be chosen taking into account all family members living in the house who will use it.

3. It is better if the stairs are equipped with railings, handrails and slips that will prevent slipping.

4. The design must meet especially the wooden one.

5. Consider the load capacity of the product. The optimal figure is 260 kg.

The attic staircase (it’s quite easy to make it with your own hands) must fully meet the specified requirements. By doing this, you will save your health, space and money.

Necessary materials

If you need an attic ladder, do it yourself only after you decide what you will fold it from. For example, you can build it from wood or metal. In the first case, unpainted material should be used. So in the future you can decorate the stairs according to your interior. Moreover, such a design is made faster and easier.

4. For the hinge mechanism, metal elements should be prepared: sheet steel, a thick corner and a strip.

5. Bowstrings and steps should be well sanded. Otherwise, you may get hurt. Further, recesses are made in the bowstrings for inserting steps. Please note that the last elements must be located strictly parallel to the floor.

Features of the manufacture of a metal structure

There are other types of structures presented. Do-it-yourself attic stairs made of metal are much more difficult than those made of wood. For example, here you must strictly observe the slope of the marches within 25-45 degrees. The height of the steps should also be in the range of 60-64 cm. These are standard indicators that you should be guided by.

Kosours can also be different. For example, there are stairs with a bowstring made of sheet metal, sawtooth, with a serrated section, without or with brackets. In principle, if you have a suitable drawing, you will quickly assemble the desired version of the stairs.

Construction installation

It should be noted that the manufacture of the structure is not the most difficult stage. Do-it-yourself installation of an attic staircase must be done very accurately so as not to redo all the work later. During installation, certain rules must be followed:

1. First of all, do not do everything yourself. You need an assistant.

2. You must have the exact dimensions of the opening to which the structure will be attached.

3. Pay attention to the fact that the stairs should be easy to manage. That is, you need to reach for the sliding mechanism. At the same time, it must securely fix the structure in the assembled state.

4. You need to fasten the structure very, very firmly, so that at one fine moment it does not fall on your head. To do this, use large bolts and metal inserts.

5. To facilitate the operation of the structure, you can equip it with automatic mechanisms that, using the remote control, will raise or lower the product.

Before screwing, test the ladder: whether all mechanisms work correctly.

In principle, you have learned all the features of the manufacture and installation of attic stairs. Naturally, all actions should be performed accurately and carefully. Subject to all the technology, your product will last a long time and very high quality. Good luck!

There is an attic in any country house. Very often this is an unused room, but in some cases some unnecessary things are stored here or even some kind of room is equipped. In any case, there must be access to it, and for this, stairs to the attic are made. They can be created from wood and metal - in this case, you can make them yourself. And they can be beautiful forged - such designs are usually created to order.

Primary requirements

Before building an attic staircase, you need to consider several of its features. First, it must be convenient and safe to use. Moreover, these two indicators depend on the design principle of the staircase itself and the attic. An important role is played by taking into account the type of stairs, the width of its steps, the height of the rise. The height of the stairs is calculated depending on what its design will be. If it is a folding type, then you need to carefully consider its dimensions when folded.

Steps should be of such dimensions that it is convenient and safe for any person to climb them. The correctness of the design also depends on the location of the steps: the distance between them should not be too small or large. If these requirements are not observed, safety regulations will be violated.

The span of the stairs to the attic must be at least 0.8 m. It is important that the angle of inclination is observed: this must be considered at the design stage of the structure.

Types of stairs: folding or stationary?

The choice between these two types of structures depends on how large the attic area is. Of course, a stationary staircase is more reliable and safe, but it is also solid, that is, it requires a lot of space. That is why many people prefer folding attic stairs: they are convenient, take up little space, due to the fact that they can be folded. Most often, such structures consist of several sections that overlap each other, thereby saving space. Moreover, they can always be adjusted depending on the required size.

Or retractable?

These designs are becoming more and more popular, due to their advantages:

are cheap;
easy to mount;
take up little space due to the design in the form of an accordion;
reliable;
mask the structure with an attic hatch.

All these advantages make retractable stairs so popular. How to make it yourself?

Self-assembly of a retractable ladder: the main stages

The very first step should be a thorough analysis and verification of the dimensions of the hatch opening. This is necessary so that the parameters you choose match the dimensions of the stairs. Then the location of the bars is thought out - first at the bottom, then at the top. Special spacers are located between the opening and the stairwell - they will help to better fix the structure. When it is laid, the spacers can be removed.

Or outdoor?

If space does not allow mounting retractable stairs, you can replace them with an external structure. It will provide a connection between the outside world and the interior of your home. The main thing is to remember the safety rules, since the operation of such a design has its own characteristics. When installing an external staircase, it is important to choose the right material: it must be resistant to sunlight, have increased abrasive wear, reliable and wear-resistant.

Wooden ladder

Wooden stairs to the attic - the easiest option, which you can create with your own hands. This can be done in several ways. Consider the most simple and implemented in practice.

Method 1

To make an attic staircase, you first need to take measurements: we need parameters for the height of the room, the estimated angle of inclination, which most often reaches 30 degrees, while the height is about 2.5 m. To make the staircase reliable and correct in terms of design, you need to think over and draw up the drawings correctly. The simplest wooden stairs are created on the basis of bars for stringers, bars corresponding to the width of the stairs for fastening, overhead hinges and boards from which we will make steps. Yes, and do not forget about folding hangers - the hatch cover will be fixed on them. The installation process itself is as follows:

Steps are installed and securely fastened between the stringers. This is done either with a tenon-groove fastening, or with self-tapping screws, or with glue. It is better to treat the steps with anti-slip pads - they will increase the safety of operation of the structure.
The ladder is first fastened under the ceiling opening on two bars, which are equal to the width of the ladder. Their connection is carried out by loops.
We check how efficient the hinges are, after which we finally tighten the fasteners.

This is the easiest way to create stairs to the attic.

Method two

This is a more time-consuming way of making stairs, which can be mounted even in a country house. It looks more aesthetically pleasing and has a more reliable design, which is important in conditions of heavy load on it. The structure itself will be movable on one side, and the other half will be attached to the wall. To create such a staircase to the attic, we need:

two boards with a length corresponding to the height of the ceiling and the angle of inclination;
boards for creating steps with a width of at least 0.5 m and a thickness of about 3 cm;
bolts, self-tapping screws as fasteners;
card loops with which the steps will be attached.

It is important to arm yourself with a drawing - it will allow you to perform all the work efficiently and accurately. After determining the angle of inclination, you need to saw off the bars from above and below so that they firmly rest on the floor. The boards along the entire length are divided into equal segments - steps will be located here at the distance that you need. The steps are fastened with card loops, and after the construction is completed, you can make it exquisite by varnishing or painting it.

Metal stairs

Attic stairs made of aluminum look very nice, especially if your country house is decorated in the style of "minimalism" or "hi-tech". Why is metal good? First, it is more reliable. Secondly, such structures are treated with special compounds that protect the surface from mechanical stress or corrosion. Thirdly, metal structures are able to withstand heavy loads.

The most popular among buyers are metal ladders of retractable type, which take up little space. They are relevant for rooms that are small, that is, where rational use of space is required.

How to do it yourself?

Despite the complexity of the technological process, you can make a metal staircase yourself. Moreover, it can be made both from metal and from a combination of materials. To make the simplest metal staircase, we need to prepare:

welding machine;
mechanical saw;
emery wheel, which will remove burrs on the metal;
a circular saw and a clamp for joining parts if the stairs will have wooden parts;
pipes;
steel sheets.

Note that the quantity of materials is calculated based on the drawing. We will make strong seams with a welding machine, so the staircase will be a monolithic and durable structure.

Such an aluminum or steel staircase will be built on the basis of a channel (size 8-10). The steps are made of sheet steel, if they are without additional finishing, grating on the steps will be required, which will protect against falling. The railings are made of angle steel and the tread supports are made of rebar. First, support devices are installed and welded on the beam, then brackets for fastening are welded.

Metal attic stairs can have wooden tread plates, but first you need to consider where the additional fasteners will be located. On metal steps, holes for self-tapping screws should be located at a distance of 15 cm from each other. A plywood substrate is mounted to the metal treads - it is attached to a mounting adhesive, which retains its shape after hardening.

Finished aluminum ladder

Very often, many people prefer to buy ready-made structures, rather than mount them on their own. But even in this case, you will have to work hard, since they are delivered unassembled. How to assemble? The general scheme of work is approximately the following:

First, a sketch of the future staircase is created.
4 identical segments are cut from a metal profile or pipe.
The pipe is fastened in a vice and carefully cleaned of rust.
Steps are cut out of a metal sheet - they must be the same length.
Steps are tried on on a flat surface and adjusted to size.
Steps are attached to the supports by welding - this is a more reliable option than corners and bolts.
From below the ladder is finished with rubber heels.

Forged designs: beautiful and modern

Very often, in country houses, rooms with an attic or attic are connected with forged stairs. Moreover, they can be simple screw, or they can have ornate patterns, which allows you to fit them into any room in terms of stylistic orientation. All spiral staircases can be divided into several types:

in the first version, the staircase is carried out with support on the central pillar and walls;
in the second - a spiral staircase is removed from the walls and is mounted on a support column with steps;
in the third case, a staircase with a turn does not have a central pillar, but rests on spirally curved bowstrings;
the fourth option is a reliable metal staircase, which rests on a pillar made of a monolith based on a steel pipe.

The most convenient are stairs, the span width of which is up to 900 mm with a diameter of the entire staircase structure up to 2200 mm.

What if you buy?

If you don’t feel like doing the installation yourself, you can always buy the same forged stairs, which are quite difficult to mount on your own, and even more so to come up with and make. A large selection of attic stairs is offered by many brands, not only in Russia, but also in other countries of the world. Consider the most popular:

STANDART ISO PLUS (MINKA, Austria). This folding wooden ladder is made of quality MDF and is designed for a maximum load of 150 kg. There are special protective nozzles on the legs, and with the help of a metal handrail, maximum safety is ensured. This is a compact ladder, the price of which is an average of 8200 rubles.
The Danish company VELTA offers economy class structures that can be mounted in the attic or in the attic. For 6,000 rubles you get a simple staircase, which is compact: it consists of three sections that are conveniently assembled and retracted into the ceiling.
FAKRO stairs are made from winter harvested pine, therefore they are reliable and durable in operation. This company offers a wide range of products that are compact and have a wide price range. The warmed cover of the hatch - the most important advantage which this ladder has. The price of models starts from 8000 rubles. It is also important that all connections of the structure are reliable and durable, the steps are supplemented with anti-slip grooves, making operation safe and comfortable.

findings

Now you know how to make a staircase to the attic with your own hands. Having at hand the simplest materials, you will create a concise, but comfortable wooden or aluminum structure.

Attic stairs are one of the typical types of stairs for country houses. They provide maximum comfort and space savings. For lifting, you can use a stepladder or an applied ladder. Security plays a critical role. Therefore, it is best to acquire just such a type of lifting tool.

Attic stairs are divided into three types:

Sliding or telescopic.
Scissor or pincer.
Folding or lever.

Sliding stairs have two or a couple of departments. Departments can be decomposed, they protrude from one another. The good side of this option: the sides of the attic are larger than the hatch itself. The advantage of this ladder is that there are no lever mechanisms in it. Levers are the weak link of any design. This ladder is the most reliable, and strong for loads.

Folding structures are made of 3-4 sections. The first compartment must be screwed to. The sections are bolted to each other with special parts that can be used to fold and unfold the ladder. To unfold, pull the ring or string with a stick.

To understand what kind of scissor model, imagine an accordion. She has a lot of levers, which are fixed by special clamps.

All versions of the stairs are made up of a pair of departments that can be folded into each other. It turns out a small design, which quickly folds and unfolds. The roof can be closed with an attic hatch, then the stairs are invisible.

Detailed description of stairs

Recently, the demand for the use of the entire area in the house has multiplied among the owners of houses. Many people have a habit of bringing all the unnecessary rubbish to the country house, which is a pity to throw away or will be needed later. Stairs have a slope of 45%, which is why they are considered steep. They are of small height, have a few steps, approximately 10-15 pieces. Attic stairs are constructed from lightweight material so that they are lightweight.

The type of material from which the stairs are made must withstand the weight of the owner, but at the same time be durable and practical. In most cases, ancient objects with their own weight are taken out to the attic, and the main function is to hold the weight of a person and objects.

Many attics are decorated with attic stairs, they are available to many buyers. The designs of the modern type of stairs have many advantages: convenience, compactness, ease of use, comfort. Ladders take up little space, they have good functionality, a large assortment.

They are inexpensive, so you can choose the best option for your attic. Attic stairs are made from metal, wood, can be combined. They can be made with handrails, spring, folding.

Stairs can be made in any size, color, shape. Specialists will select a staircase for you according to your taste and requirements, discuss the price and functionality with you.

folding ladder

The device of stairs

Anyone can install a ladder, but it is better to entrust it to a professional. Check that the mounting space is suitable for the dimensions of the structure. At this stage, there should be no problems because when choosing a model, it was necessary to compare the dimensions on the packaging of the stairs and the opening. There are companies that instead of the dimensions of the space write the dimensions of the box, in which case the opening should be increased by 0.5–1 centimeter.

First, attach a bar to the bottom of the opening - the ladder will be held on it during installation. To do this, you need two people, the first will be in the attic, and the second in the house. Raise the ladder to the attic and lay it on the bar. Spacers are installed at the attachment point, between the box and the opening, and then fix the box with two screws.

After that, the person who is in the house takes the block and decomposes the stairs. Fix it on the sides with screws. Fill the gap with mounting foam. Slightly loosen the screws on the sides of the ladder, unfold it to the end and tighten the bolts again. Install handrails and hatch guards, and feel free to use the stairs.

Construction types

Ladders and ladders are traditional, they are not very comfortable. They are used for a short time, or if the attic is not climbed very often.

Stairs of a standard type can be marching or spiral. Stairs made of wood or metal spiral type save a little space. For old people, children are not very comfortable. Marching structures take up a large amount of space.

Folding stairs for the attic have become the most popular in our time. Stairs are of different types. The sectional type is especially popular, the design is divided into a few parts. The scissor ladder is also popular.

Sliding ladder structures are made using the example of a telescope. Sections with steps move apart in turn. When this model is folded, it does not take up much space. You can extend the ladder to any distance. Such stairs are made - plastic, wooden, metal, combined. The ladder is durable and safe.

Installation of an attic ladder

Advantages and disadvantages

Stair structures give us the opportunity to get more space, and are especially invisible after they are installed. The advantages of these stairs are functionality, strength, compactness, lightness.

When folded, they resemble a sunroof with a block built into the ceiling, and are not particularly noticeable. The design is easily retracted into the ceiling. Stairs are not heavy, safe, comfortable, inexpensive. The staircase has no particular drawbacks.

Attic ladder requirements

Attic stairs must be safe and durable. Many stairs are very beautiful, but non-functional. It is better when there is a railing or holders. Do not forget about fire safety if you decide to do it yourself. Remember to maintain a weight of at least 150 kilograms.

How to make an attic ladder with your own hands

The ladder can be made within 3 hours. Take: hacksaw, tape measure, ladder, 4 loops, 2, screws, hooks, loops. We take a bar, mount it to the upper end of the ladder on the hinges, and attach the second to the bottom. We fasten 2 slats on the flight of stairs obliquely.

After this step, you should measure 2-3 lengths of the ladder and carefully saw it. Fasten two pieces with loops. Attach the loops with the correct side. Fasten the bar from above under the hatch. This ladder is not hidden.

Scheme of a folding attic ladder

Folding ladder do it yourself

We will need:

Two boards, 3 centimeters thick, 20 centimeters wide.
Boards for steps, width 12 cm, thickness 3 cm, length 20 cm.
For each step 2 loops.
Hooks, anchors, screws to attach the structure to the wall.

The first step is to fasten 1 bowstring to the wall. Then you need to lay out the steps. Mark the bottom step and draw a line. Draw 2 straight lines at the ends of the segments along the parallel. At the end of 1 piece we draw a perpendicular. After this line, step back to the right 1 cm.

The two points must meet. So mark the stairs. Make a gap of 1 cm in the steps, this is necessary so that the folded steps do not touch, we fasten the loops to the steps. Place the loops on the bowstring. On the piece that moves, attach the loops, and in the right place on the wall - a hook.

Materials, tools, drawings

In order to choose the material, consider some factors, decide what type of stairs you want. Decide what the width of the stairs will be, how many departments there will be, and what function it will perform. The function of the ladder plays a big role in manufacturing. For wooden stairs, the load should be no more than 150 kg.

Ladders made of metal can withstand approximately 250 kg. This factor does not mean that the load can be greater, but often this is not necessary. The dimensions of the stairs should not be larger than the attic space.

The material made of wood, which has very strong properties, is pine. These properties, combined with a metal profile, give high quality and high weight.

In order to make a staircase with your own hands, take good material, pine is considered this material. Pine is easy, affordable, inexpensive, well processed, of high quality in use. For work, take working and durable tools: compasses, jigsaw, saw, drill, screwdrivers.

Attic ladder drawings are made for people who know how to hold tools in their hands and do not want to overpay money for the work of professionals.

Step by step guide to making

Prepare wood materials.
Put in one place all the tools, screws, drill.
Prepare the plan and dimensions of the stairs.
Get to work. Good luck!

How to install:

Measure the size of the future hatch and stairs on the package.
Attach the bars to the bottom of the stairs.
Tighten all screws and fasteners.
Check the ladder for strength.
Fix the ladder.

Making a staircase for a house is a very difficult process. The ladder is a very important item in the house. When building stairs, it is important not to make any mistakes.

Positive aspects: low price, easy use, safety. It is best to contact a specialist who will choose the stairs according to your requirements.

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