The fruit looks like an orange inside is red. Citrus

Citrus is a genus of evergreen trees and shrubs in the Rutaceae family. The list of citrus fruits is quite long. They are used not only in cooking, but also in perfumery. Not everyone knows about their rich variety: many have not even heard of the bizarre names of some citrus fruits. Combines their benefits and pleasant, fresh smells.

All citruses have a rich composition with many useful substances.

The benefits of citrus

Representatives of the Rutov family can easily replenish the menu healthy eating and make the taste of many dishes brighter.

Different types of citrus fruits have beneficial properties due to their composition. They contain:

  • organic acids;
  • vitamins (C, B, E, PP, B2, A);
  • essential oils;
  • mineral salts;
  • calcium, copper, phosphorus and iron.

Brief description of all species of the genus

Despite many similarities, citrus fruit varieties also have differences, and each of them is used for its intended purpose. In order to have a positive effect on the body with their help, it is enough to determine which types of citrus fruits will be more beneficial for a person on this moment.

Agli, or uglifruit

Combines the properties of mandarin, orange and grapefruit. Its name comes from the English word "ugly" ("ugly"). The fruit looks unappetizing: it has a yellow-green wrinkled peel. But on the inside, agli, like many citrus fruits, is sweet. Taste has shades of light grapefruit mustard. There are no bones in the pulp. A ripe uglyfruit fruit, 10–15 cm in diameter, is usually quite heavy for its size. Citrus is popular in Western Europe.

Remember: if, after pressing on the peel of the coalfruit, deep depressions form on it, it began to deteriorate.

Orange

Refers to hybrids and was obtained as a result of natural crossing of pomelo and mandarin. The fruit was first discovered in China. Orange is one of the sweetest citrus fruits. In addition to its juiciness, it has the ability to have a beneficial tonic effect on the body, cheer up and improve the digestive tract. There are about 100 varieties of oranges in the world.

Lemon

The brightest representative of the Rutov family. It appeared as a result of crossing lime and citron. There is a version that lemon is a descendant of orange and lime. This citrus is native to South Asia. The acidity of lemon species depends on the conditions in which they grow. The benefits of this fruit are:

  • the presence of a large amount of vitamin C;
  • the ability to enhance the taste of dishes;
  • providing a beneficial effect on the liver, stomach and intestines.

Lemons are the most popular citrus in the world.

Mandarin

The symbol of the New Year, familiar to everyone since childhood, is divided into many varieties: the color of some can be pale yellow, while others can be bright orange.

Mandarin participated in the "birth" of many hybrids. Among them are natsumikan, tangelo and calamondin.

The fruit is able to increase the overall tone of the body. For many gardeners, the fact that tangerine trees are more cold hardy than others. citrus plants, but along with all the pluses, there is one minus: its excessive use can cause allergies.

Red orange, or "kinglet"

The result of the mutation of an ordinary orange in vivo. The people called it "bloody" because of its deep red flesh. There are also specimens with light red flesh. The fruits of this plant have a bright taste, do not have seeds, and are easy to clean. Red orange is an ingredient in various fine dining and included in many diets. For the first time, the "kinglet" was found in Sicily.

A genus of evergreens. It was obtained by crossing citron and orange. The tree is distinguished by a lush crown and the presence of leathery oblong-ovate leaves. Bergamot has low palatability: the fruits of the plant are sour and bitter. But it, like all types of citrus fruits, has an exquisite aroma, so the fruit is widely used in perfumery. Bergamot was brought from Southeast Asia.

Bergamot is similar to lime, but has a specific smell.

Gayanima

The fruit is a hybrid of citron and lemon. The tree is hardy and requires little maintenance, and its branches are covered with long thorns (2–4 cm). The leaves are large and shiny. Gayanima fruit has a smooth lemon-yellow skin. The pulp of the fruit has a pleasant smell, but is very sour in taste, so it is often used for marinades. Inside the fetus is a large number of small seeds. Gayanima grows only in India.

Grapefruit

It is a descendant of orange and pomelo. The name of this citrus fruit was composed of two English words"grape" (grapes) and "fruit". It is explained by the fact that citrus fruits are often collected in bunches similar to grapes. A ripe grapefruit weighs 300–500 g.

Not everyone likes a fruit that has a bitter taste, but real gourmets often prefer this type of tart citrus fruit. The grains of the fruit can be either yellow or red.. The saturation of the color of the pulp indicates the ripeness of the grapefruit. This fruit was first discovered in Barbados, and then in Jamaica.

The smallest representative of the Rutov family. The tree also has small size- 1.5 m in height. The fruit is oval with rounded edges. Its peel is dense, but chewed easily and has a sweet taste. Kumquat is consumed fresh, and can also be included in various sauces. Its homeland is southeast Asia.

Kumquat can be eaten with peel

pomelo

Refers to citrus. The fruit comes from China. Compared to other representatives of this group - it is very large. The maximum weight of a pomelo is 10 kg, but on the shelves of Russian supermarkets, there are mostly specimens weighing no more than 1.5 kg. The pulp is light yellow color has a sweet taste. Pomelo zest is yellow and green.

Lime

The green "brother" of the lemon. Its main purpose is to spice up the taste of desserts and cocktails. Small round fruits are superior in quality to large ones. Lime was first spotted on the island of Malacca. The leaves of this plant are valued in cooking because of their aroma. Like all citrus fruits, lime is rich in various vitamins.

Pomeranian

A bitter variety of orange. A hybrid of mandarin and pomelo. Fresh citrus is not consumed, it is used in cooking for making jams and marmalade. Pomeranian is grown as ornamental plant. Its fruits exude a pleasant smell; in appearance they are round with a wrinkled peel yellow- orange color with light red spots. Essential oils orange is often used in medicine, perfumery and cosmetology. Citrus is native to Asia.

Yemeni Citron (Estrog)

Special sweet variety citron, which has a very thick skin. It has little pulp. Its peculiarity is the absence of a sign that unites all other citrus fruits - a pronounced pleasant aroma.

Ugly looks like a suite

Karna

It is a hybrid of lemon and orange. The fruit has an unpleasant sour and at the same time bitter taste. There is practically no smell. The pulp of citrus is used to make marmalade and candied fruits. Karna is used in medicine as a cure for many diseases. internal organs. This fruit is grown in India and China.

A complete list of citrus species contains many varieties that are native to Japan.

Dekopon

According to some experts, it is a hybrid of two types of tangerines. The fruit is larger than a normal tangerine and has an elongated top. The pulp is juicy and sweet. A striking advantage of dekopon is the absence of seeds. The peel of the fruit is orange, thick and bumpy. Citrus is low calorie.

Yekan

It arose as a result of crossing a mandarin and a pomelo. In terms of size, weight and color of the fruit, this type of citrus fruit resembles a grapefruit, but there is a significant difference: the pulp of the yekan has a more pleasant taste.

This variety includes both tangerines and oranges. These are very sweet-tasting, seedless fruits. They are added to various desserts and consumed fresh. Mikan is often canned and made into juice.

Mikan - Japanese tangerines

Kikudaidai

Appeared as a result of crossing orange and grapefruit. Kikudadai belongs to the types of inedible citrus fruits: its fruits have a bitter-sour taste, therefore beautiful plant usually perform only a decorative function.

Natsudaidai

Natural hybrid of pomelo and orange. The peel is dense, yellow. Natsudaidai is sour in taste, but it is consumed fresh. hallmark This fruit is high in folic acid.

Round and tasty oranges are associated with a bright orange color. However, not all oranges are orange.

There are very tasty representatives of this genus of citrus fruits, which have red flesh and peel.

Let's try together to figure out where these unusual fruits grow, what they taste like and whether they benefit the body.

Description of blood or red orange

Red orange is grown in eastern Sicily, around Etna, the largest active volcano in Europe, between the provinces of Catania, Enna and Syracuse. In other areas, their breeding is very difficult.

Similar citrus fruits are grown in other parts of southern Italy, as well as in Spain, Morocco, Florida and California, but most connoisseurs agree that the original taste of Sicilian oranges cannot be replicated in other climates.

Their characteristic reddish color is due precisely to the proximity of Mount Etna and the special microclimate in this area, primarily big difference in temperature between day and night.

Unlike other orange citrus varieties that contain only carotene (yellow-orange pigment), red oranges also contain anthocyanins. These substances are responsible for the characteristic blood-red color of ripe fruits.

Did you know?a urantium iudicum) was introduced to Sicily by a Genoese missionary returning from the Philippines and first described by the Jesuit Ferrari in Hesperides (1646). Until the 16th century, only orange oranges were cultivated there, and only for decorative purposes.


Description of red orange tree:

  1. The orange tree can reach 12 meters in height. The leaves are fleshy, evergreen, have an elongated shape.
  2. The flowers are white and very fragrant, dispersing an intense scent in the air, very delicate. In Sicily, they are a symbol of purity, and for this reason they are used to decorate wedding ceremonies.
  3. Orange cultivation is possible only where the soil is very fertile and the climate is temperate.
  4. Each citrus tree can produce up to 500 fruits with more or less red color depending on the variety.
  5. Their ripening begins in December-January and continues until May-June on later varieties, so you can eat fresh blood oranges for most of the year.

Blood orange varieties:

  • : this variety was discovered in Spain in 1929 and subsequently distributed in other countries. The fruit has a globular shape with sweet flesh and a rusty-orange skin with reddish spots. Ripening begins in February, and harvesting takes place between March and April, when the fruits reach optimum maturity. Ideal for juices.

  • : most interesting variety of all, with pomegranate pulp and a very rich sweet and sour taste. Its dull, rusty orange peel is covered with large, washed-out wine-colored spots. The fruit has an oval or spherical shape, practically seedless, grows in clusters. Ripening begins in December, opening the orange season from a new crop, and continues from January to February.

  • : first started growing on the lands of Franconte, located in the province of Syracuse. This is the most valuable variety among blood citruses. The fruits are obovate or spherical shape, orange peel interspersed with red spots, as it matures, the spots expand and become more intense. Ripening begins in December and lasts until May. Tarocco variety is more popular than any other red citrus variety thanks to its wonderful taste and sweetness.

Nutritional value and composition

Chemical composition(in 100 grams of fruit):

  • water - 87.2 g;
  • protein - 0.7 g;
  • lipids (fats) - 0.2 g;
  • available carbohydrates - 7.8 g;
  • soluble sugars - 7.8 g;
  • total fiber - 1.6 g;
  • insoluble fiber - 1 g;
  • soluble fiber - 0.6 g.

Energy value (per 100 g):

  • calorie content - 34 kcal (142 kJ);
  • edible part - 80%.

Important! Since one medium citrus (100 g) contains only 34 kilocalories, the juice from them isabout the whole world used in diets for weight loss as a low-calorie, but containing a lot of vitamins product.

Due to its excellent characteristics, sweet taste and aroma, this fruit is widely used for food. Its use in cooking is diverse, both individually (juice, fruit cuts), and in more complex dishes: appetizers, desserts, pies, sweet confectionery, in the first and second courses, in side dishes, salads.

Sicilian blood oranges make excellent fresh juices.

IN Food Industry these fruits are used for the production of juices, candied fruits, jellies, dried fruits and jams.

It is easy to make marmalade from fresh Sicilian red citruses at home, for this they take the pulp, zest and peel of the fruit. Housewives also make sweet jam or preserves from this orange (with added sugar).
With all the benefits of red (blood) oranges, in no case should you give up the usual orange-fleshed fruits. They also have a lot of useful vitamins and minerals.

Useful properties of red orange

This fruit is effective in the treatment of such diseases:

  • varicose veins veins;
  • low hemoglobin level;
  • viral respiratory diseases;
  • alcohol intoxication;
  • heart diseases;
  • bronchitis;
  • hypertension;
  • tuberculosis;
  • asthma;
  • rheumatism;
  • pneumonia;
  • obesity.

Important! It is very useful to drink orange juice immediately after squeezing, within 15-20 minutes,if possible, because it retains all the organoleptic characteristics that long-term storage are lost.

The main component of Sicilian red citrus is vitamin C, which:

  • strengthens immune system and is an excellent natural immunostimulant;
  • reduces the risk of colds;
  • prevents miscarriage in pregnant women;
  • promotes the activity of the adrenal glands;
  • helps prevent myocardial infarction and stomach cancer;
  • helps mitigate damage to internal organs from smoking;
  • stimulates an increase in the level of hemoglobin in the blood, since vitamin C promotes the absorption of iron by the body.

It also contains vitamin A, vitamins B1, B2, B9, useful in preventing the occurrence of genetic defects during fetal development.
It is rich in vitamin P, which increases the strength and elasticity of blood vessels, as well as vitamin E, which protects against cardiovascular diseases (ischemia) and prevents varicose veins and cellulite.

Red orange contains useful minerals:

  • calcium;
  • selenium;
  • bromine;
  • zinc;
  • iron;
  • copper;
  • phosphorus;
  • magnesium;
  • potassium.

All of them are beneficial for human health.

Did you know? In the 19th century, the cultivation of red citrus in Sicily acquired a paramount role in the economy of the island, which continues until today.

Medicinal properties:

  1. Orange juice has a sedative and antidepressant effect. Its pulp contributes to good work gastrointestinal tract; it also has antispasmodic properties.
  2. Red orange juice is rich in anthocyanins, which, in addition to giving the pulp and skin a typical red color, are excellent antioxidants, remove dead cells from the body, fight free radicals and have anti-aging properties due to the presence of collagen, which is necessary to create or repair damaged tissues.
  3. Anthocyanins also help fight obesity by lowering blood cholesterol levels and preventing the accumulation of unhealthy fat. In conjunction with the digestive element (peptin), they cause a feeling of satiety, helping those who wish to lose weight and lose weight.
  4. These fruits contain: lutein (protecting against aggressive sunlight, ultraviolet radiation) and carotene (improves vision).

E-121 Citrus red 2- food supplement.

Characteristic:

Citrus red 2 E-121- belongs to the group of food colorings obtained by synthetic or artificial means. It has a powdery consistency, with a range of colors from yellow to rich orange and dark red. Chemical formula C18H16N2O3. Melting point of citrus red 2 E-121 equal to 156°C. Included in the dye E-121 chemicals, namely coal tar, determine the properties of the food additive. Dye E-121 poorly soluble in water, but becomes completely invisible and merges with any other liquids of organic origin. Dye properties data E-121 Citrus red 2 have been adopted by many manufacturers of beverages, both alcoholic and non-alcoholic, including juices, drinking yoghurts and cocktails. Dye E-121 Citrus red 2 assigned International Organization Health to toxic chemicals that are prohibited for use to color food due to the high danger to human life and health.

Application:

Currently using dye E-121 Citrus red 2 banned in most countries of the world, including Russian Federation. However, since 1956, in the US state of Florida, citrus (orange) producers and sellers have been coloring the skins of their products with a dye. E-121 with FDA approval. It is considered so Chemical substance cannot harm the human body, since oranges should be peeled before eating oranges. The dye is used to give the citrus product more rich color, and as a result of improved external and commercial characteristics. Previously, US citrus harvesters and growers were required by law to place a "Dyed" sticker on every pre-colored orange fruit. This requirement has now been abolished, so consumers must take care of the safety of the foods they eat every day. Therefore, if you find yourself in Florida USA or want to buy beautiful-looking American citrus fruits, take your choice of fruits seriously and carefully. It is advisable to check with the seller whether the product was painted. May be found in sugary sodas, ice cream, hard candies, carbonated drinks, alcoholic beverages, dairy products.

Effect on the human body:

Induces the formation of malignant cancerous tumors. The minimum daily dose has not been established. Doctors strongly advise against eating or using as ingredients in dishes, the peel of oranges that have been tinted with a food supplement. E-121. The main harm of the dye E-121 Citrus red 2 consists in the composition of a chemical food additive, which contains substances classified by scientific and medical classification as heavy carcinogenic compounds. The additive has not passed test tests, it is recognized as a carcinogen. Studies conducted by scientists and physicians, as well as tests on living organisms, have revealed the following forms of dye damage E-121 Citrus Red 2:

  • the development of malignant tumors of the urinary system was recorded in 14.5% of the tested mice;
  • development of malignant tumors in the lungs of animals; Although the liver of a living organism does its best to filter harmful substances, dye E-121 causes cancer due to chemical compound as 1-amino-2-naphthol;

I welcome you to the page of my site. I have a great joy - new citrus varieties in my collection.
Since I don’t have a lot of places to keep citrus fruits and other exotic ones, I choose the most delicious, beautiful and interesting varieties for me.
Below, in the video you can see an overview of my package.

My new varieties are predominantly red. I really like the unusual new varieties of citrus fruits that are different from our usual yellow, orange ones.

The first one on the list is Lemon "Arcobaleno"
Lemon Arcobaleno. Hybrid N19 ‘LM X DS-19’
(Meyer Lemon x Doppio Sanguino Blood Orange).
The word "Acobaleno" means "Rainbow", so this lemon is also called "Rainbow". It got its name because of the striped multi-colored color, outwardly very similar to a peach. Very beautiful fruits. It is because of them that I wanted to have this variety in my collection. In general, I think citrus hybrids are the most interesting in terms of taste and appearance.

Next novelty Mandarin "Dekopon"
Dekopon (Dekopon, citrus Sumo) - seedless and sweet variety tangerine orange, a hybrid of Kiyomi tangor and Ponkan tangerine.
The fruits are large, the size of a grapefruit with a distinct neck.

This is a very valuable variety. One of the most expensive varieties of tangerines, and very tasty. Until recently, it was very difficult to find. And all citrus collectors dreamed and many still dream of acquiring it.


Blood Orange Moreau
belongs to the group of navel oranges.
"Moro Blood Orange" - a variety of ... varieties: Tarocco (originally from Italy).
This orange is very valuable and interesting to many, including me, for the color of the fruit (reddish-orange) and pulp (red, blood red to blueberry). And also, what distinguishes this variety is the aroma and taste - orange-strawberry-currant. Bright, unusual and interesting rich taste.

Clementine (Tangor) AMOA 8.
- a hybrid of blood orange Moro (C. sinensis cv. Moro) and mandarin Avana (C. deliciosa cv. Avana), has not only a chic appearance but also has excellent taste. The pulp and fruits are red, very tasty.

I also bought it because of the red color and unusual taste.

And one more lemon in the collection, also red)
Lemon "Rosso"(red lemon rosso, citrus limonimedica pigmentata.) Red lemon rosso is a citron and belongs to the subspecies of citrus citrus limonimedica. It has a very tasty pulp, which is more tasty and interesting than that of the yellow lemon that is familiar to us.

One type of sweet orange that grows in Europe is called the Red Sicilian Orange. It differs from orange in its rich skin color and dark red flesh, and the taste has notes of strawberries, grapes and raspberries. The reason for the characteristic color is a plant pigment - anthocyanin. The blood orange is the result of a mutation of the regular one.

For the first time, oranges with rich red flesh were discovered on the island of Sicily in the 17th century. Long time they were grown only there, therefore they were called "Sicilian". Now this type of citrus is cultivated not only in Italy, but also in Spain, Africa, China and the USA. The close location of Mount Etna and the microclimate of the island influenced the color of the orange: a large difference between day and night temperatures and dry weather.

If you plant a tree in an area that is not suitable for it, the fruits and pulp will not have their characteristic shade.

fruit varieties

The red orange is a medium-sized tree with oblong, dense leaves. It blooms with small white flowers with a delicate aroma. One tree can produce up to 500 fruits weighing about 200–250 g. It bears fruit for more than six months, from December to June.

There are varieties:

Sanguinello is a round fruit with a rusty-orange skin and bright red flesh, has a pleasant, sweet taste, and is easy to peel. The variety belongs to the late ones and is used for making juices. The most delicious sanguinellos are grown in the provinces of Catania and Syracuse. It differs from other varieties in its delicate, delicate taste.

Tarocco is a small oval or round fruit that has an orange skin with red veins. The taste is sweet with sourness, the fruit is easily peeled. The flesh is pomegranate red and rich in vitamin C. Tarocco is the most popular variety.

Moros are oval bright orange citruses with burgundy spots, dark flesh inside with a sweet and sour, slightly raspberry flavor. The fruit has almost no seeds; when overripe, the taste deteriorates. But the Moro orange is the most useful in terms of the content of vitamins and acids.

On the territory of the post-Soviet space, red oranges cannot be grown, because they are late-ripening fruits.

But there is an analogue - a pear-shaped beetle growing in Georgia. A small tree with small leaves and pear-shaped orange fruits.

It has a rough dense skin, dark red flesh with a sour-sweet taste. There are few seeds inside the fruit.

Beneficial features

Thanks to useful properties, sweetness and aroma of blood orange is a widespread fruit. It is used both in its usual form and as part of recipes: in hot dishes and cold appetizers, desserts, pastries and salads. This red-fleshed citrus produces a tasty, vitamin-rich juice. A glass of freshly squeezed orange juice is the source simple carbohydrates, minerals and fiber. From this fruit you can make jams, jams, jellies, and also dry. Italian housewives make marmalade and marmalade from oranges.

Red orange is useful in the treatment of diseases:

  • varicose veins;
  • excess weight;
  • lung disease;
  • viral infections;
  • heart diseases;
  • high blood pressure;
  • alcohol poisoning;
  • rheumatism;
  • low hemoglobin in the blood.

The pulp of the Sicilian orange has a large amount of vitamin C, which strengthens the immune system and reduces the risk of colds. Also increases the level of hemoglobin, vigor; increases the activity of the adrenal glands, reduces the possibility of cancer, stimulates the work endocrine system, removes puffiness. One fruit is enough to meet the body's daily need for vitamin C. Inside contains vitamin A, which improves vision, is good for the skin and is a powerful antioxidant. One more important component- vitamin P, which improves the condition of blood vessels, normalizes blood pressure and alleviates allergic reactions. This type of fruit is saturated with useful elements such as iron, potassium, magnesium, calcium, copper and zinc.

Blood orange juice is an antidepressant and sedative.

It improves performance digestive system and relieves spasms. Anthocyanins contained in the fruit have an antioxidant effect, accelerate the recovery of the body and promote rejuvenation. Citrus should be included in the diet in the fight against excess weight, because it is a low-calorie product and reduces the amount of cholesterol in the blood. The fruit contains lutein, which reduces the damage of ultraviolet rays.

Orange is useful, but not everyone can eat it. Doctors do not recommend giving to children because of allergic reactions.

For those who have stomach ulcers, gastritis and high acidity, the use of Sicilian orange, like other citrus fruits, is contraindicated. People with diabetes should only eat this fruit in moderation. Those who are allergic to citrus fruits should refrain from tasting. But it is recommended for women during pregnancy and is important for the proper development of the fetus.

This fruit is very useful, a real "storehouse of vitamins."

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